USA > New Hampshire > Grafton County > Lebanon > History of Lebanon, N.H., 1761-1887 > Part 1
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M. L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01096 3988
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015
https://archive.org/details/historyoflebanon 1761down
REV. CHARLES A. DOWNS.
HISTORY
OF
LEBANON, N. H.
New Hampsh
1761-1887
BY
REV. CHARLES A. DOWNS
ILLUSTRATED
CONCORD, N. H. RUMFORD PRINTING CO. 1908
REV. CHARLES ALGERNON DOWNS,
Historian.
BORN IN SOUTH NORWALK, CONN., MAY 21, 1823.
DIED IN LEBANON, N. H., SEPTEMBER 20, 1906.
1136989
Rev. Charles A. Downs prepared for college at Concord, N. H., under the tutelage of his maternal uncle, Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, D. D., the eminent historian, and entered the Concord Literary Institute in 1839, from whence he proceeded to Dartmouth College, where he remained something over one year, when he transferred himself to the University of the City of New York, where he graduated in 1845.
Mr. Downs came to Lebanon July 5, 1848, as a candidate for the pas- torate of the Congregational Church, to succeed Rev. Phineas Cook, who had served the church for nineteen years; he was installed as pastor November 22, 1845, and continued in that office for twenty-five years, when, at his own request, the connection was dissolved. He continued to reside in Lebanon, but for a few years was the acting pastor of the church at Hanover Centre.
He served the state as superintendent of public instruction, and the town as selectman, representative, police judge, superintendent of schools, precinct clerk and treasurer, and town clerk, and spent much time and labor in the preparation of this volume. For fifty-eight years Mr. Downs was known to every citizen of Lebanon, and he left this earth without an enemy. He once said to the writer of these lines, " I have tried to live so my obituarist would have nothing to say."
F. C. C.
PREFATORY NOTE.
The warrant for the annual meeting of the town of Lebanon held March 9, 1880, contained the following :
"Article 12. To see what action the town will take in relation to a preparation of a history of the town and raise money there- for or act thereon." Whereupon the following resolution was adopted :
"Resolved, That the selectmen be authorized to secure a proper person or persons to prepare a history of the town and to use such sums of money as may be necessary therefor out of any monies not otherwise appropriated."
At the annual meeting March 11, 1884, the following resolution was adopted :
"Resolved, That the selectmen be authorized to take such ac- tion as they deem expedient in regard to the printing of the town history and that the expense of the same be paid from any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated."
Under the resolution passed March 9, 1880, Rev. Charles A. Downs was engaged to write a history of the town, but no defi- nite action was taken regarding its publication until the annual town meeting, March 12, 1895, when the following resolutions were adopted :
"Resolved, That the selectmen be authorized to appoint three suitable persons whose duty it shall be to supervise the publica- tion of the history of the town, as prepared by the historian, Rev. Charles A. Downs; that such sums of money as may be necessary for the completion, publication and illustration of said work be and is hereby appropriated therefor.
"Resolved, That said committee when appointed shall have authority and they are thereby empowered to make a contract
vi
PREFATORY NOTE.
for the publication of said history and to fix the number of copies to be published."
Under the resolutions the selectmen appointed Alpheus W. Baker, William H. Cotton and Frank C. Churchill said com- mittee. This committee met on March 12, 1895, and organized by choosing Alpheus W. Baker, chairman; William H. Cotton, treasurer; and Frank C. Churchill, secretary; at which time it was voted to ask the historian to meet the committee for confer- ence on March 16, 1895. The conference brought out the fact that the manuscript was not yet complete and the further fact that it was Mr. Downs' intention to finish his work at an early day. Mr. William H. Cotton died August 25, 1904, and Mr. Alpheus W. Baker died April 11, 1905, the manuscript not being in the hands of the committee at the time of the decease of my associates.
On January 4, 1906, I turned over to the selectmen the record book of the committee and all papers and pictures that had come into its hands.
At the annual town meeting held March, 1906, the following resolution, offered by Mr. Solon A. Peck, was passed :
"Resolved, That the selectmen be a committee to act with Frank C. Churchill, whose duty it shall be to supervise the pub- lication of the history of the town, as prepared by Rev. C. A. Downs."
The manuscript was placed in the hands of the commit- tee in August, 1906, and on September 20, 1906, Rev. Charles A. Downs died. September 3, 1906, the committee entered into an agreement with the Rumford Printing Co. of Concord, N. H., to print 1,500 copies.
FRANK C. CHURCHILL.
LEBANON, N. H., 1908.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Introduction
1
Charter
2
Names of Grantees
4
Provisions of Charter
5
Persons
7
Records
8
Town 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33, 39, 43
Proprietors' 20, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 37, 41
Territory of Lebanon
45
Survey of the Town
47
Settling
51
First Meeting House
59
Boundaries
64
Controversy with Enfield
66
Condition of the Town, 1775
67 71
Provision Bill
84
Revolutionary Papers
86
Soldiers in the Revolution
95 97
Committee of Safety
100
Vermont Controversy .
108
Settlement of the Controversy
140
Development of the Town
144
Eight School Districts
153
New Meeting House
165
Town in 1900
190
Property in Town
190
Roads and Bridges
198
Lyman's Bridge
.202, 203, 305
Fourth New Hampshire Turnpike .202, 204, 262
War of 1812
222
State and Town Officers
229
Revolution
Major Whitcomb's Battalion
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
The Toleration Act
PAGE. 243
Political Affairs
248, 256, 279, 289, 300
Meeting House
.249, 265
Poor Farm
250
New Roads
251
Support of Primary Schools
253
Railings on Bridges
253
Railroad in Prospect
254
Public Money from United States Surplus Revenue
254
Town Clerk's Recording Deeds 255
Meeting House Uneasy
255
Dividing Grafton County
262
Surplus Revenue
262
Sale of Spirituous Liquors
266
Railroads
268
Opening of Northern Railroad to Lebanon
269
Capital Punishment
276
Extinguishment of Fires
276
Vote of Thanks to George H. Lathrop
277
Teachers' Institutes
277, 281
New Burying Ground
278
Tomb
279
Town House
281, 296
Horse Sheds
283
Common
284
Humphrey Wood Bridge
285
Firemen's pay
285
Railroad Tax
286
Cemetery at West Lebanon
286
School Districts
286
Fence Around Village Burying Ground. 287
287
Groceries
288
Railroad Bridges and Crossing
288
289, 304
Hearse for West Lebanon
Police Officers 289
County Farm 291
Burying Grounds 292
Shade Trees 293
Instruction to Collector of Taxes
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
ix PAGE. 294
Engine Company, No. 2.
Hearse
294
To Provide Place for the Poor
294
Sextons for Cemeteries
295
Encouragement of Manufactures
. 293, 303
Park on Hanover Street
295
Roads Discontinued Across the Common
296 299
Purchase of Hose
Common-Regulations
299
Town Pound
300
Town Bonds
302
Hay Scales
302
Hanover Street Bridge
302
Survey of Streets
304
First Board of Health
Fire Precinct Extended
Bequests to the Town
Centennial Fourth of July
Town Pump
Sale of Cider and Sewage
Hog Reeves
313 317
Coasting
Soldiers' Monument
318
C. C. Benton's Bequest 318
319
Heating and Lighting Town Hall
319
Street Lights
320
Manufacturers' Exemption from Taxation
321
Spring at West Lebanon
321
Town Clocks
322
Balance of the Dog Tax
322
Colburn Park
Postmasters of Lebanon
Town in the Rebellion
Town Meetings
324 324 325 325 329
Selectmen During the War
Soldiers in the War 329
State Aid, Etc. 351
Reimbursement 351
304 305 311 312 312 313
Stocking Streams with Trout
X
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE.
Centennial and Patriotic Celebration
352
Exercises on the Stand
353
Toasts and Speeches
353
Volunteer Toasts
363
Memorial Building
364
Village Fire Precinct and Great Fire of 1887
370
At Last
384
List of Losses
393
Insurance
395 399
Resurgam
Notes About the Fire
399
Relief Work
402
Who Will Rebuild
402 405 405
Decade 1817 to 1827
410
West Congregational Church.
417
Baptist Church
418
Methodist Episcopal Church
429 432
Sacred Heart Church
436
Index
437
General Index
437
Churches of the Town
Congregational Church
Universalist Society
Index of Names 446
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Rev. Charles A. Downes Frontispiece
Old Lafayette Hotel. facing page 24
Old Lebanon Bank Building 40
Maj. Wm. Willis Bliss 52
Hon. Experience Estabrook 58
Prof. Ira Young 64
Capt. John Bliss 72
Maj. John Griswold. 76
80
Prof. Charles A. Young
88
Dr. Cyrus H. Fay.
104
William P. Gallup
120
Hon. George S. Towle
128
Sally Truman
136
Diarca Allen
144
Lucinda Howe Storrs
148
Hiram A. Simonds
152
Orren Hubbard
156
James Hubbard
160
Abel Storrs
164
Col. Constant Storrs
168
Seth Blodgett
170
George Blodgett
172
The Old Meeting House on the Common-Present Town
House 174
Old View of the Common
176
Clement Hough 180
Clark Hough 184
Rev. Story Hebard 188
Abram Pushee 192
Simeon S. Post 196
Richard Burleigh Kimball
xii
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE.
· Halsey R. Stevens 204
Oliver Lathrop Stearns
204
Dr. Phineas Parkhurst 208 238
Timothy Kenrick
Ami B. Young
240
Dr. Benjamin Gallup
240
Dr. Caleb Plastridge.
240
Robert Byron Kimball
254
Robert Kimball
254
J. W. Peck Homestead 264
John W. Peck
265 266
Elisha P. Liscomb
266
Hon. A. H. Cragin
278
William G. Perley 286
Daniel Richardson 286
Jesse C. Sturtevant. 292
Col. Frank C. Churchill.
296
William H. Cotton.
296 296 296
Alpheus W. Baker
298
Albert M. Shaw 298 Solon A. Peck. 304 Postmasters of Lebanon 324 328
Col. James G. Benton.
Harry H. Hosley, U. S. N.
332 346 350
Call for Troops, Spanish War
Col. Henry L. Kendrick. 362
Laying Corner Stone Memorial Building
364
Sergt. Jesse E. Dewey 364
After the Fire, 1887 384
After the Fire, 1887 392
Charles H. Dana. 406
Rev. Phinehas Cooke 412
Baptist Church 418
Elias H. Cheney
420
Gilman C. Whipple 420
Harvey Murch
Joseph W. Gerrish
Edward J. Durant
Maj. N. H. Randlett
ILLUSTRATIONS.
xiii PAGE. 422
First Baptist Church and Parsonage
Rev. John Moore
432
Colbee C. Benton
432
Rev. G. W. Bailey
434
Map of Proprietors' Lots, 1761-1803
436
HISTORY OF LEBANON.
INTRODUCTION.
The final conquest of Canada in 1760 gave peace to the fron- tiers of New Hampshire. The Indians, who had for so many years been a source of terror and distress, were no longer feared.
The various Indian and French wars, by the continual passage of soldiers, had made the lands in the valley of the Connecticut well known. They were eagerly sought by both adventurers and speculators. Benning Wentworth, the royal governor of New Hampshire, always alive to his own interest, "availed himself of this golden opportunity, and by advice of his council ordered a survey to be made of the Connecticut river for sixty miles, and three lines of townships on each side to be laid out." This sur- vey was made by Joseph Blanchard. Townships of six miles square were laid out on both sides of the river and granted to various petitioners, and so numerous were the applicants that in the year 1761 not less than sixty townships were granted on the west side of the river and eighteen on the east side.
Nor was this movement wholly speculative. In the older set- tlements of Massachusetts and Connecticut there came upon the people one of those mysterious impulses which prompt men to leave their homes and seek new abodes in unoccupied territory. "There was a passion for occupying new lands." In the various expeditions to repel French and Indian aggressions, soldiers had passed through the Connecticut valley in going to and returning from Canada. They had noticed the fertile intervales and well timbered hills of the Cohos country. They pictured to them- selves the farms and homes with which the hills and valleys might be beautified. Among those who had noted these lands were certain soldiers from the southeastern towns of Connecticut. They reported what they had seen to their neighbors, and as soon as peace was secured by the conquest of Canada, they took meas- ures to give reality to the pictures which had so often filled their fancies upon the scout and march.
2
2
HISTORY OF LEBANON.
A number of persons in the towns of Norwich, Lebanon and Mansfield, Conn., associated themselves together to procure char- ters of townships in the new territory of the Connecticut valley. They formed two companies, though each was composed mainly of the same persons. One company sought a charter of a town to be called Lebanon, the other company proposed to call their town Enfield; both names of Connecticut towns. They ap- pointed Jedediah Dana their agent to go to Portsmouth and obtain from Governor Wentworth charters for the towns. He was successful in his mission and on the same day, July 4, 1761, charters were issued for Lebanon and Enfield. The following is the charter of Lebanon :
CHARTER. 4 PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE-
George the Third By the Grace of God of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith &c-To all Persons To whom these presents shall come
GREETING
KNOW Ye that we of our special grace, certain knowledge and mere motion, for The due encouragement of settling a new Plantation within our said Province, by and with the advice of our Trusty and well be- loved BENNING WENTWORTH, Es q., our governor and commander in chief of said Province of Newhampshire, in New England & of our council of the said Province-Have upon the conditions and reserva- tions hereinafter made given and Granted, and by these presents for us and our heirs & succefsor, do give and Grant in equal shares unto our loving Subjects, inhabitants of our said Province of Newhampshire and our other Governments & to their heirs and afsigns forever, whose names are Entered on this grant-To be divided to and among them into sixty-eight equal shares, all that tract or parcel of land situate lying and being within our said Province of Newhampshire, containing by admeasurement Twenty-three thousand acres, which tract is to contain six miles square, and no more, out of which an allowance is to be made for highways and unimprovable lands, by rocks, Ponds mountains and Rivers, one Thousand and forty acres free, according to a plan and survey hereof made by our said Governor's order and returned into the secretary's Office, & hereunto annexed, butted and bounded as follows (viz) : Beginning at a white Pine Tree marked with the figures three on one side and four on the other, which tree is about eighteen miles on a point from the upper end of Charleston, and stands on the bank of Connecticut river, from thence South, seventy-two degrees East six miles; from thence North, thirty-six degrees East five miles and one
3
INTRODUCTION.
half; from thence North sixty-four West seven miles to Connecticut River, To a hemlock tree marked four and five that stands just at the head of white river falls; from thence down the river to the first bound mentioned; and that the same be & hereby is incorporated into a Town- ship by the name of Lebanon; and the inhabitants that do or shall here- after inhabit the said Township are hereby declared to be enfranchized with and Entitled to all & every the privileges & immunities that other Towns within our Province by law exercise & enjoy & further that the said Town as soon as there shall be fifty Families resident And settled thereon shall have the liberty of holding two fairs, one of which shall be held on the and the other on the annually, which fairs are not to continue longer Than the respective - - following
the said - and that as soon as the said Town shall consist of fifty families a Market may be opened and kept one or more days in each week as may be thought most advantageous to the inhabitants: also That the first meeting for the choice of Town Officers agreea- ble to the laws of our said Province shall be held on the last wednesday in August next, which said meeting shall be notified by Mr John Baldwin, who is hereby also appointed Moderator of the sd first meeting which he is to notify and govern agreeable to the laws and customs of our said Province; and that the annual meeting forever hereafter for the choice of such Officers for the said Town shall be on the second Tuesday of March annually-To have and to hold the said tract of land as above exprefsed, together with all privilidges and appurte- nances, to them and their respective Heirs & afsigns forever, upon the following conditions (viz)
First That every Grantee, his heirs or afsigns shall plant and culti- vate five Acres of land within the term of five years for every fifty acres Contained in his or their share or proportion of land in said Township, and continue to improve and settle the same by additional Cultivation on penalty of the forfeiture of his Grant or share in the said Township & of its reverting to us our Heirs and Succefsors, To be by us or them regranted to such of our subjects as shall effectually cultivate and settle the same.
2nd That all white and other pine trees within the said Township fit for masting our Royal Navy be carefully preserved for that Use, and none to be cut or felled without our special license for So doing first had and obtained, upon the penalty of the forfeiture of the right of such Grantee, his heirs & Afsigns To us our heirs and Succefsors, as well as being subject to the penalty of any act or acts of Parliament that now are or hereafter shall be Enacted.
3d That before any Division of the land be made to & among the Grantees, a tract of land as near the Center of said Township As the land will admit of shall be reserved and marked out for Town-lots, one of which shall be allotted to each Grantee, Of the contents of one acre
4th Yeilding and paying therefor To us our Heirs & Succefsors for the
4
HISTORY OF LEBANON.
space of Ten years to be computed from the date hereof, The rent of one Ear of indian corn only in the twenty-fifth Day of December annually if lawfully demanded, the first Payment to be made on the twenty-fifth day of December 1762.
5th Every proprietor settler or inhabitant shall yeild and pay unto US. Our heirs and succefsors Yearly and every year forever, from and after the Expiration of ten years from the above said twenty-fifth day of December namely on the twenty fifth day of December which will be in the year of our Lord 1772 one shilling Proclamation money for every hundred acres he so owns settles or pofsesses, and so in proportion for a greater or lefser. Tract of land, which money shall be paid by the respective persons above said, their heirs or Assigns, in our Council chamber at Portsmouth, or to such Officer or Officers as shall be appointed to receive the same & this to be in Lieu of all other rents & service whatsoever
In testimony whereof we have caused the seal of our Said Province to be hereunto affixed witness Benning Wentworth Esq. Our Governor and Commander in chief. of our said Province the fourth Day of July in the year of our Lord Christ one thousand seven hundred and Sixty-one, & in the first year of our Reign-
By his Excellency's command
with advice of council
Theodore Atkinson Sec.ty
B. WENTWORTH
THE NAMES OF THE GRANTEES OF LEBANON
John Hanks
Joseph Dana
John Salter
John Swift
Obadiah Loomis
Daniel Allen Jr.
Elijah Huntington
David Eldredge
Huckins Storrs Jun
Jesse Birchard
John Baldwin
Nathan Arnold
Robbert Barrows Jun
Levi Hyde
Richard Salter
John Birchard
Constant Southworth
Nathan Blodgett
Thomas Storrs
Moses Hibbard Jun
Hobart Estabrook
John Allen
Samuel Storrs
Robert Hyde
Charles Hill
John Hyde
Benjamin Davis
Lemuel Clark
Joshua Blodgett
Jefse Birchard
Joseph Turner
Daniel Blodgett 3d
Josiah Storrs
Nehemiah Estabrook
Joseph Wood
Jonathan Martin
John Storrs
Nathaniel Porter
Jonathan Murdock
Jonathan Yeomans
5
INTRODUCTION.
Jabez Barrow
David Turner
Seth Blodgett
Daniel Blodgett
Joseph Martin
Jonathan Walcutt
Nathaniel Hall
John Birchard
Robert Martin
Judah Storrs
Thomas Barrows Jr
Edward Goldslone Lutwych
One whole share for the Incorporated society for Propagation of the gospel in Foreign Parts. One whole share for a Glebe for the Church of England as by law established-One whole share for the first settled Minister One whole share for the benefit of a school in said Town-his excellency Benning Wentworth Esq. a tract of land of five hundred acres as marked in the plan which is to be accounted two of the within shares
Jedediah Dana
William Dana
Mark H Wentworth
James Nevins Esq.
Jonathan Blanchard
Oneil Lamont
Clement Jackson Esq.
Hugh Hall Wentworth
Samuel Penhallow & William Knight.
Province of Newhampshire July 5 1761 Recorded in the Book of Charters per Theodore Atkinson Sec.ty
PROVISIONS OF THE CHARTER.
1. "That the town as soon as there shall be fifty families resi- dent and settled thereon shall have the privilege of holding two fairs." These fairs were not unlike the agricultural fairs of the present day-except in this, that their main purpose was not the exhibition of products of the soil and of manufactures, but buy- ing and selling-trade of any kind.
2. "A market may be opened and kept one or more days of the week." By the English laws the killing of animals for public sale was allowed only as a privilege at specified times. A man could not kill and sell any animal when it was most convenient for himself, but it must be done only on the specified market days. Similar laws prevail now in Canada. They, however, are often evaded, for though one may not sell meat on any day but the market day, yet he may kill upon any day for his own use and may lend to his neighbor, who in his turn may kill and re‹ turn the borrowed meat on some other than the specified day or days.
6
HISTORY OF LEBANON.
In the Provincial Papers, Volume I, page 216, the following may be found :
31 October 1655
At the request of the towne of Hampton by their deputy itt is ordered that there shall be a markett kept there one day in every week, viz., on the fifth day which is theire lecture day
3 That all white and other pine trees within said township fit for masting our royal navy be carefully preserved for that use, and none be cut or felled without our special license
"As early as 1668 the government of Massachusetts, under which the province (New Hampshire) then was, had reserved for the public use all white pine trees of twenty-four inches in diameter at three feet from the ground. In King William's reign a sur- veyor of the woods was appointed by the crown; and an order was sent by the Earl of Bellemont to cause acts to be passed in his several governments for the preservation of the white pines. In 1708 a law made in New Hampshire prohibited the cutting of such as were twenty-four inches in diameter, at twelve inches from the ground, without leave of the surveyor, who was in- structed by the queen to mark with the broad arrow those which might be fit for the use of the navy, and to keep a register of them. Whatever severity might be used in executing the law, it was no difficult matter for those who knew the woods and were concerned in lumbering, to evade it; though sometimes they were detected and fined. Great complaints were frequently made of the destruction of the royal woods-every governor and lieuten- ant-governor had occasion to declaim on the subject in their speeches and letters; it was a favorite point in England and recommended them to their superiors as careful guardians of the royal interest. On the other hand, the people made as loud com- plaints against the surveyor for prohibiting the cutting of pine trees, and yet neglecting to mark such as were fit for masts; by which means many trees which could never be used for masts, and might be cut into logs for sawing, were rotting in the woods; or the people who got them were exposed to vexatious prosecutions." Farmer's Belknap, page 188.
It is doubtful if any of the trees in the valleys and on the hills of Lebanon were ever marked with the "broad arrow" as fit for masting the "Queen's Navee."
7
INTRODUCTION,
THE PERSONS.
The majority of the first proprietors resided in Connecticut. Many of them never came here, but sold or gave their rights to others. At that period many persons sought an interest in these wild lands merely as a matter of speculation, without any inten- tion of ever occupying them as their homes. The following per- sons whose names are appended to the charter, became actual settlers :
Jedediah Dana,
William Dana,
Joseph Dana,
Huckins Storrs,
John Baldwin,
Hobart Estabrook, .
Charles Hill,
Joseph Wood,
Joseph Martin,
Nathaniel Hall,
Levi Hyde, Nehemiah Estabrook,
Moses Hibbard, Jun.,
Nathaniel Porter.
Clement Jackson was a physician at Portsmouth and, with his son, was surgeon to the troops gathered at Portsmouth and vicin- ity after the battle of Bunker Hill.
Mark H. Wentworth of Portsmouth was a merchant and a relative of the governor. At the commencement of the Revolu- tion he was a Tory, refusing to sign the "Association Test;" re- fusing to sell rum for the use of the American army, the sheriff of Rockingham County was directed, February 27, 1777, to seize a certain number of hogsheads; September 12, 1777, he was re- quired by the Committee of Safety to give his parole in writing for himself and family; also the wife and children of John Fisher, Esq., "that they do not leave the town of Portsmouth without permit from the Legislative authority of this state." These persons were held as hostages for Woodbury Langdon, . Esq., a prisoner in New York City. He was the father of John Wentworth, the last royal governor ; was appointed counsellor of the province, 1759; died at Portsmouth, December 19, 1785.
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