USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > Newfields > History of Newfields, New Hampshire, 1638-1911 > Part 1
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Gc 974.202 N45f 1128741
M.L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
GEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 00055 5554
45 12
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015
https://archive.org/details/historyofnewfiel1638fitt
Very truly yours. So. He Fitto
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS NEW HAMPSHIRE
1638-1911
BY REV. JAMES HILL FITTS
EDITED AND ARRANGED BY REV. N. F. CARTER
He 974.202 N +5 f
CONCORD, N. H. 1912
COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY J. LANE FITTS
THE RUMFORD PRESS CONCORD . N . H . U . S . A.
1128741
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NEWFIELDS VILLAGE, 1895.
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EXPLANATION.
The first name opposite any number is that of the builder or earliest known owner, and last, of present owner.
1. S. Kennard. Ch. Palmer.
2. Wentworth. Brodhead. Pike.
3. M. E. Parsonage.
4. Rev. S. Norris. J. M. Paul. Mrs. N. Howard.
5. R. Clarke. J. M. Paul. (Burned 1903.)
6. Hilton Estate.
7. J. M. & J. W. Paul. A. W. Richards.
8. Edgerly, Choate, Hobbs.
9. Shute, Brodhead, Pike.
10. H. Wiggin, E. Sanborn & A. Field.
11. Michael Wiggin, L. Pike, Tilton & Durell, Bean.
12. Fernald, Coleman, Kennard, Badger.
13. Amos Paul.
14. William Paul.
15. Lovering, Paul.
16. Rogers, Folsom, Lovering, Paul.
17. Folsom, Wood, Locke, Pike.
18. Store, Jas. A. Spead.
19. Capt. French, Dr. Varney.
20. Geo. O. Hilton, C. C. Littlefield.
21. Spead, Pat. H. Quinn.
22. P. Quinn Estate.
23. Patrick Quinn.
24. Jer. Malchy.
25. Plumer Thompson.
26. James Hayden.
27. Smart, B. & M. R.R. Pat. Conner Est.
28. Sam. H. Tarlton.
29. Ephraim Hill Estate.
30. D. Manson, Le Vangie.
31. Peter Murphy, T. P. Connor.
32. Jas. Kimball, Thos. O'Connor.
33. Ann Wiggin. C. E. Smith.
34. W. Hilton, H. Andrews.
35. Grain Store.
36. Field, Leddy, Neal Store & P. O.
37. A. Paul Est., Library.
38. Lane, Hanson Store.
39. Colcord, Lane, R. Sanborn.
40. Freeze, Lane, Hanson.
41. Palmer, Kennard, Badger.
42. B. Jones, S. P. Badger.
44. L. Pike, Badger.
45. Cram, Locke, Fowler.
46. Geo. & E. A. Hanson.
47. Swampscot Machine Co.
48. Sullivan, O'Leary.
49. Jos. Smith, A. Field.
50. Wm. Pease. (Burned 1900.)
51. A. Field.
52. John E. Simpson.
53. A. Stover. Geo. S. Littlefield.
54. Bunker & Dow. Chase.
55. Dan. C. Wiggin.
56. Store, D. C. Wiggin.
57. Old Academy, D. C. Wiggin.
58. J. B. Tetherly.
59. Tim J. Connor.
60. D. C. Langlands, L. Hanscomb.
61. Aus. Neal, Chick, Clough.
62. Maj. Norris, S. M. Co.
63. I. B. James, A. Field.
64. Calvin Varney, J. F. C. Rider.
65. H. Andrews.
66. Capt. Burleigh, Univ. Parsonage.
67. Cario, Trull, Beal.
68. E. Sanborn, N. F. Kimball, C. F. Simpson.
69. Albert Morton Estate.
70. Skinner, Colby, H. J. Paul, W. Sheehy.
71. Frank W. Clough.
72. J. C. Todd.
73. Freeman Jones, J. O. Hanson.
74. John Torrey.
75. Shop, John Torrey.
76. Store, & Res. John Torrey.
77. Jas. Robinson, W. D. Cobb.
78. Beal, Locke, Torrey.
79. Tarleton, S. M. Co.
80. S. M. Co. Boarding Ho., M. Sheehy.
81. S. Paul, Fifield.
82. Geo. O. Paul.
83. Fifield Mac. Shop.
84. Geo. Thompson.
85. Jos. Wiggin Estate.
86. B. & M. R. R. Station.
87-91. S. M. Co.
91. J. McGlinsey, T. Leddy.
92. McGlinsey Store.
93. Lyons & McCabe.
94. Jas. Kelly.
95. Thos. Kelly.
96. Store, A. Henderson.
97. R. Smart, A. G. Henderson, C. Jones.
98. R. Howarth, J. A. Connor.
99. Michael Quinn Estate.
100. S. M. Co.
101. J. Doeg, H. Thompson.
102. C. Horsford, M. Herlihy.
103. Coffey, J. Goodwin, J. Herlihy.
104. Daniel Lynch.
105. Will. Foley.
106. S. M. Co. Boarding Ho.
107. Shute, S. M. Co.
108. Shute, S. M. Co.
109. Tetherly, J. C. Todd.
110. L. Kelley, H. Jenness, S. M. Co.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
FACING PAGE
FITTS, REV. JAMES H. .
Frontispiece.
BRODHEAD, REV. JOHN. Portrait
323
BRODHEAD, HON. JOHN M. Portrait.
332
CARTER, REV. N. F. Portrait 421
COE, REV. CURTIS. Portrait 406
FOWLER, GREEN C. Portrait
517
HILTON, GEORGE E. Portrait
419
HILTON, JOHN. Portrait
558
HOBBS, WILLIAM R. Portrait PAUL, AMOS. Portrait
414
PAUL, H. JENNESS Portrait
412 601
PIKE, REV. JAMES Portrait
408
SMITH, CHARLES E. Portrait 649
417
CATHOLIC CHURCH
396
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
380
DUDLEY COMMISSION
16
FRANKLIN AND WESLEYAN ACADEMIES AND M. E. CHURCH
330
HILTON COAT OF ARMS.
550
HILTON HOUSE
554
MAIN STREET, NEWFIELDS
335
METHODIST CHURCH
391
PISCASSIC RIVER
197
RIVER VIEW
165
SCHOOL HOUSE
327
SHOPS
338
TOLL BRIDGE
187
TOWN HALL
360
UNIVERSALIST CHURCH .
394
OUTLINE MAP OF ANCIENT NEWMARKET
51
MAP OF NEWFIELDS, 1837
340
MAP OF NEWFIELDS VILLAGE, 1890
360
MAP OF NEWFIELDS, 1895
ii
VARNEY, DR. ALBERT H. Portrait BOSTON AND MAINE STATION .
341
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
PAGE
I. INTRODUCTORY 1
II. EARLY SETTLEMENTS AND MINISTERS 7
III. EARLY SETTLEMENTS AND MINISTERS CONTINUED 22
IV. EARLY LAND GRANTS 34
V. IN YE OLDEN TIME 51
VI. SOME OF THE EARLIEST SETTLERS 59
VII. SOME OF THE EARLIEST SETTLERS CONTINUED 114
91
VIII. SOME OF THE EARLIEST SETTLERS CONTINUED 128
IX. SOME OF THE EARLIEST SETTLERS CONCLUDED
X. INDIAN WARS 142
165
XII. ROADS AND MILLS 190
XIII. EARLY CIVIL AFFAIRS 199
XIV. THE MINISTRY OF REV. JOHN MOODY, 1730-1778 208
XV. CIVIL, LEGISLATIVE AND MILITARY, 1727-1787 226
XVI.
THE REVOLUTION AND WAR OF 1812 257
XVII.
VARIOUS OFFICERS OF EXETER AND NEWMARKET, EARLY
MARRIAGES AND BAPTISMS . 289
XVIII. RELATIVE TO CHURCH MATTERS . 311
XIX.
RELATIVE TO CHURCH MATTERS CONTINUED 320
XX.
EDUCATIONAL-SCHOOLS AND LIBRARY . 327
XXI. BUSINESS INDUSTRIES 335
XXII. HALF-CENTURY OF CHANGES, 1800 TO 1850, AND INCORPORA- TION 340
XXIII. SOUTH NEWMARKET IN THE CIVIL WAR 344
XXIV. CIVIL AFFAIRS, TOWN OFFICERS, LIST OF POLLS, TAX LIST, CHECK LIST, MARRIAGES 359
XXV. RELATIVE TO THE CHURCHES, NEWFIELDS 380
XXVI. FRATERNAL ORDERS AND MISCELLANY . 398
XXVII. CEMETERIES 403
XXVIII. BIOGRAPHICAL . 405
PART II. GENEALOGIES
423
XI. FERRY AND BRIDGE OVER SQUAMSCOT RIVER
-
PREFACE.
THE meagre story of this community was told for the first hundred years merely as a part of ancient Dover and Exeter. During the century this intervening territory had only briefest mention in the records of those earlier townships. The Pas- cataqua plantations had no William Bradford or John Winthrop to chronicle their history.
Since the corporate parish existence of Newmarket in 1727, a large fatality seems to have attended her annals. With the exception of a list of marriages beginning in 1774, the earliest town records now to be found, commenced in 1783, and the ear- liest church records in 1828. Perhaps no other attempt was ever made to write a history with so scanty material. In the absence of records it is impossible to determine accurately what persons were members respectively of town, parish and church. The aim has been to include all whose membership in town, church or parish may be inferred from some action of their own. The Newfields and Lamprey River families worshipped with the Dover and Exeter churches.
It is greatly to be regretted that the collector of the material for this history could not have lived to complete the manuscript according to his original plan of form and arrangement. But the town has reason to be profoundly grateful, and is to be con- gratulated, that such a wealth of material was gathered by a historian so scholarly, thorough and accurate as Rev. James Hill Fitts, during his long pastorate over the Congregational Church.
The editor has endeavored to carry out the original plan as far as it could be ascertained, and as far as practicable, give in his own words the substance of the topics under consideration. Gaps, where found, have been filled, and noteworthy occurrences since his lamented death added. Subsequent students, it is certain, will find here some materials which will form the back- ground of their fuller histories. It is a satisfaction to have done
viii
PREFACE.
something to preserve these items of biographical and historical interest. Such work a few persons could have done. Much of the material is already beyond the reach of most students, and is receding still further with every passing year.
Many and appreciative thanks are hereby tendered to all who have rendered valuable assistance in bringing the History to its present completeness.
THE EDITOR.
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS.
Chapter I.
INTRODUCTORY.
The Hilton brothers of an old English baronial family were thrifty merchants in London. William Hilton came to Ply- mouth, Mass., November 9, 1621, in the ship Fortune, the first to follow the Mayflower. He was an adherent of the Church of England, but was pleased with the country and the Pilgrim society, as his letter home to his kinsman, by the Fortune, which sailed December 13, 1621, abundantly shows :
Louing Cousin .- At our arriuall at New Plimouth in New England, wee found all our Friends and Planters in good Health, though they were left sicke and weake, with very small meanes; the Indians round about us peaceable and friendly; the Country very pleasant and temper- ate, yeelding naturally of itself great stores of Fruites, as Vines of diueres sorts in great abundance. There is likewise Walnuts, Ches- nuts, Small Nuts and plums, with much Variety of Flowers, Rootes and Herbes, no lesse pleasant than wholesome and profitable. No place hath more gooseberies and strawberries, nor better; timber of all sorts you have in England, doth couer the land, that affords beasts of diuers sorts, and great flocks of Turkies, Quails, Pigeons and Partridges; many great lakes, abounding with fish, fowl, beaver and otters. The sea affords us great plenty of all excellent sorts of sea fish, as the riuers and isles doth variety of wild fowl of most useful sorts. Mines we find to our thinking, but neither the goodness nor Qualitee we know. Better Grain cannot be than the Indian Corne, if we will plant it upon as good ground as a man need desire. Wee are all Freehold- ers; the Rent-Day doth not trouble us; and all those good Blessings we have, of which and what we list in their Seasons, for taking.
Our Companie are for most Part very religious, honest People. The Word of God sincerely taught us eury Sabbath; so that I know not any thing a contented mind can here want. I desire your friendly care to send my Wife and children to me, where I wish all the Friends I have in England, and so I rest.
Your louing Kinsman, WILLIAM HILTON.1
But William Hilton did not have "a contented mind." By 1631 he had planted "corne" at Kittery, and was correspond-
1 Baylie's New Plymouth, I : 258, note.
2
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS.
ing April 18, 1633, with John Winthrop, Jr., of the Massachu- setts Bay government. He received many grants of land from Dover and Exeter, uplands and marshes at Oyster and Lamprey rivers, 1636 to 1642. Civil honors also were conferred on him - was commissioner in 1642, and deputy in 1649. Nevertheless he removed to the royal and church settlement of Agamenticus, to which Sir Fernando Gorges gave a town incorporation April 10, 1641, and a city charter, with the name Gorgeana, now York, November 1, 1642. Here he died in 1665 or 1666, leaving a widow, Frances, and children.
Edward Hilton joined the wealthy fraternity of the Fish- mongers' Guild, in London, in 1621. In the spring of 1623 he led a company of adventurers, who "set up their stages" and ar- ranged their flakes for fishing at Wecanacohunt on the Pascat- aqua1 since known as Dover Point.
This enterprise at Hilton's Point was commercial rather than civil or religious. It scarcely looked for permanence, or recog- nized either government or church. The planters, however, were manifestly sympathetic with royalty and the established church. The despotic, bigoted, ungainly James Stuart was upon the throne, a "finished specimen of all that a king ought not to be." The colony languished. In 1630 Edward Colcord found only "three houses" on the Pascataqua.
The Plymouth Council granted the Hilton Patent, including Wecanacohunt and Squamscot, March 12, 1629-30, "in con- sideration that Edward Hilton & his Associates hath already at his and their owne proper costs and charges transported certain servants to plant in New England, where they have already Built some houses and planted Corne, And for that he doth further intend by God's Divine Assistance to transport thither more people and cattle to the good increase, &c."2
Mr. Hilton was put into formal possession of this patent by Thomas Lewis, July 7, 1631.3 Hilton's associates in England were merchants of Bristol, Shrewsbury and other western towns. Thomas Wiggin came over to look after their interests in 1631,
1 Pascataqua means "a divided tidal-place" and is the original spelling, which Belknap always follows, and is followed in this history, though later so often spelled Piscataqua.
2 Gen. Reg. 24 : 264-5.
3 Ibid., 266.
3
INTRODUCTORY.
and was employed "to begin a Plantation higher up the river for some of Shrewsbury upon a point of land that lieth in the midway betwixt Dover and Exeter." When Wig- gin began to make improvements Capt. Walter Neal, agent for the London adventurers, ordered him to desist. "Captain Wig- gans intended to have defended his right by the sword. But it seems both the litigants had so much wit in their anger as to wave the battle, each accounting himself to have done very man- fully in what was threatened : so as in respect, not of what did, but what might have fallen out, the place to this day retains the formidable name of Bloody Point.''1
Wiggin went to England for recruits and supplies in 1632, and on December 5 Hilton and Neal sent four pumaces and forty men to Pemaquid, Me., against Dixy Bull. The Bristol, but not the Shrewsbury, men, March 25, 1633, sold two thirds of their interests in the double patent, now divided into twenty- five shares, to the Puritan lords, Tay, Teal and Brooke, and Wiggin is continued in the agency. Winthrop calls these forty lords, knights and gentlemen, "honest men" and styles Wiggin "governor at Pascataquack under the Lords Tay and Brook." Wiggin landed at Salem October 10, 1633.
William Hilton's wife and two children arrived in the ship Anne July, 1623. One of the children was baptized in 1624 by Rev. John Lyford, who had received Episcopal ordination. This baptism of an Episcopal child in the Pilgrim congregation was the commencement of the trouble with Lyford. About this time Hilton joined his brother at Pascataqua.
History affirms that Edward Hilton came to Dover Point in the spring of 1623. Daniel Neal's description of a Puritan por- trays what we know of Edward Hilton. He says, "If a man maintained his steady adherence to the doctrines of Calvin and the Synod of Dort; if he kept the Sabbath and frequented sermons; if he maintained family religion, and would neither swear nor be drunk, nor comply with the fashionable vices of the times, he was called a Puritan."
The religious no less than the civil character of a community depends largely upon its founders. The planters of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay were impelled by advanced views of the
1 Hubbard.
4
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS.
sacred rights of conscience. Purposes enkindled at the fires of their intense love for personal and social freedom inspired them. They fled from the intolerance and persecution of the old world, to found in the new world a free church and a free common- wealth -"a church without a bishop, a state without a king."
But the settlers on the Pascataqua were never persecuted. Their early patrons were Church-of-England men and they themselves were mostly conformists, not Puritans, and were not harassed by either the established government or the established religion of Great Britain. The Hilton brothers were "fishmong- ers of London," and came here to fish, to trade, to plant vines and dig mines.
The ecclesiastical history of New Hampshire properly com- mences with the year 1633. Ten years had passed since the set- tlement began at Pascataqua. The English proprietorship had changed hands. The colony had not prospered under Episcopal patronage. The owners now desired to make New Hampshire Puritan. In the autumn of 1633 they sent over to Dover Point a number of families from the West of England. Hilton wel- comed his friend Wiggin with this accession of about thirty col- onists. These families adopted the Congregational form of worship, and built the first meeting-house in the state in 1634 at Dover Point. William Leveridge, who came with the col- onists, became pastor, the first one of New Hampshire, and was ardent, industrious and spiritually enterprising. But he re- mained at Dover less than two years. His three successors were ambitious politicians, prelatical demagogues, and, worse than all, immoral refugees from England and Massachusetts. During these disorders Edward Hilton contended efficiently for good government and religious order. He was the personal friend and confidential correspondent of Gov. John Winthrop in 1638 - a testimonial of great significance. His neighbors of Mas- sachusetts thought him the man most entitled to confidence in the colony. And when at length the better elements prevailed, and in 1641 New Hampshire entered the confederation of the four New England colonies, Edward Hilton was the first named in the list of magistrates. He was also made deputy for Dover in 1644. Such was the man who first settled at Newfields, on the west bank of the beautiful Squamscot. Here he had built his house and occupied land in 1639.
5
INTRODUCTORY.
In 1635 the planters at Dover claim to have purchased the marshes at Lamprey River.
In 1636 the Bay government erected their Bound or Possession House at Winnecowett-now Hampton-made known in 1638 at Wecanacohunt their intention "to survey the utmost limits of their patent and make use of them," and sent expeditions to establish their northern boundary at Aquedoctan-now Lake- port-in 1639 and 1652.
In 1637 George Burdett came to Dover and supplanted Thomas Wiggin, having been chosen a chief magistrate by a combination. The troubles of 1637 and onward were occasioned by the conflicting English and Scotch theories of civil and re- ligious polity - on the one hand imperialism and episcopacy, and on the other hand republicanism and presbytery.
In October, 1638, a church was formed at Dover under Han- sard Knollys, a graduate of Emmanuel College, ordained Jan- uary 30, 1729, who had renounced his Episcopal ordination and joined the Puritans.
Thomas Larkham, a Churchman, succeeded in 1640. Upon request the governor and assistants of Massachusetts commis- sioned Simon Bradstreet, Hugh Peters and Timothy Dalton to inquire into the difficulties. Both sides were found to be in fault. The matter was settled by one party rescinding the ex- communication, and the other the fines and banishment. The celebrated Hugh Peters testified before Parliament in 1647 that he had not seen a drunken man, nor heard a profane oath, dur- ing his residence of five years in New England.
In 1641 Dover and Strawberry Bank-now Portsmouth- joined Massachusetts, and Hampton was joined June 2 of that year to the jurisdiction of Ipswich.
When Exeter put herself under Massachusetts and was re- ceived September 8, 1642, the Bay colony, which adopted for herself in 1631 church membership as a convenient testimonial of fitness for the exercise of the elective franchise, required no such test of the New Hampshire towns.
In 1643 the County of Norfolk was formed, comprising the towns of Salisbury, Haverhill, Hampton, Strawberry Bank, Dover and Exeter. The county continued till the four New Hampshire towns were severed by royal charter from Massachu- setts in 1679.
6
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS.
From 1652 public worship in Dover and Exeter was sustained for many years by a rate upon pipe bolts, hogshead staves, lum- ber and mill-sites. Coopers, lumbermen and mill owners were efficient members of the parish.
The Hilton family now worshipped with the First Parish in Exeter. As the banished John Wheelwright had left his pas- torate in 1643 and the dubious Stephen Bachiler had been re- fused settlement by the General Court in 1644, an endeavor was later made to purchase Mr. Wheelwright's house and land as a parsonage for Mr. Nathaniel Norcrosse, a "university scholar" in Massachusetts. But the "university scholar" eluded their grasp.
The Rev. Samuel Dudley, son of Gov. Thomas Dudley, was settled at Exeter in 1650. In 1652 Edward Hilton, Sr., was "requested to go along with Mr. Dudley to the General Court to assist him," and he no doubt was helpful in religious matters. The same year Edward Hilton, Jr., was among the "surveyors or overseers appointed to build" the second meeting house in Exeter; and he also further assisted the minister by marrying in due time the clergyman's daughter. The son, however, was more in sympathy with prelacy than were either the father or father-in-law. In 1665 Edward Hilton, Jr., and John Foulsham were among the few principal actors in trying to procure the taking off of hands from the Bay government. Their prayer was that they might be "gouerned by the laws of England, and enjoy both the sacraments of which they have been too long deprived." Here are both imperialism and episcopacy. Their notions of the ordinances were "that all persons of good and honest liues and conversations should be admitted to the sacra- ment of the Lord's Supper according to the Book of Common Prayer, and their children to baptism."1 It is evident New England institutions were not founded on such ritualistic basis. The position of the younger Hilton and his associates was firmly resisted. But the action of the General Court, May 19, 1699, releasing the elder Hilton from the imposition of county rates, must be interpreted as bearing witness to their respect for his continued loyalty to Puritan ideas of civil and religious polity.
But Edward Hilton, Sr., had now become an old man. The
1 Palfrey 2 : 527.
7
EARLY SETTLEMENTS AND MINISTERS.
aged patriarch died in the beginning of the year 1671. He had lived in the colony nearly half a century. It is supposed that he was buried in his own grounds on the sunset bank of the Squamscot river. Here in this field of grass the first planter of New Hampshire, the founder of Dover, the early resident of Exeter and the first settler of Newfields, with many of his de- scendants of seven generations, slumber together.
Chapter II.
EARLY SETTLEMENTS AND MINISTERS.
All roads in New Hampshire, historically speaking, lead to the Pascataqua. Capt. Martin Pring of Bristol, England, "a skillful navigator," sailed for America in the year 1603. He entered the channel of Pascataqua for three or four leagues, and with his shipmates landed on the soil of New Hampshire. It is no longer doubtful that other navigators had preceded Capt. John Smith in exploring these shores; but Captain Smith was the first to map out and give locality and name to his discoveries. In the early summer of 1614 that remarkable voyager cruised along the Atlantic coast from Penobscot to Cape Cod. He says, "Ac- cominticus and Piscataquack are two conuenient harbors for small barks, and a good country within their craggy cliffs." Returning to England in August, 1614, Captain Smith presented his map to Prince Charles, afterward the ill-fated Charles First, who graciously gave the country the name of New England.
There is no evidence that Capt. John Smith ever landed on the Isles of Shoals. A rude cairn of rough stones, however, thrown promiscuously together and covered with lichens, on the highest point of Appledore, commemorates his exploits. He is also remembered by a triangular monument of marble erected in 1864, on one of the highest eminences of Star Island. The shaft, which is eight or ten feet high, rests on a pedestal of rough granite, and is covered with three Moslem heads - now falling from their places - to represent the three Turks slain by Smith. Inscriptions on the three sides of the pillar eulogize at length
8
HISTORY OF NEWFIELDS.
/
this hero of the land and sea. The whole is surrounded by a railing to protect it from vandal hands.
King James, November 3, 1620, signed a patent incorporating "The Council Established at Plymouth, in the County of Devon, for the Planting, Ruling, Ordering and Governing of New England in America." Sir Fernando Gorges, president, and Capt. John Mason, secretary, were among the most enterprising members. To this Plymouth Council was entrusted the manage- ment of the whole country between the fortieth and forty-eighth degrees of latitude. Their grand Charter became the great civil basis of all the subsequent grants and patents by which New England was divided. Nothing is more evident today than that these grants were so indefinitely described as to occasion interminable controversies. The Patent itself manifestly in- vaded the chartered rights of the Virginia Company granted in 1606.
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