USA > New Hampshire > Hillsborough County > History of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire > Part 127
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The records for the next twenty-five years bear con- stant witness to their persistent efforts to build a meeting-house and settle a pastor, a work of so much difficulty was it to hew out homes for themselves in
the forest, build roads and bridges and establish what they deemed necessities-church and schools.
Rev. Daniel Emerson, of Hollis, preached for them occasionally, and a Mr. Cheever was hired to act as their minister for a time, the meetings being held at various houses in different parts of the town, and sometimes, very likely, in barns.
A portion of the present town north of the Souhe- gan was granted to Passaconaway, as mentioned above, but it seems to have reverted to the province, for the same tract was embraced in a grant afterward made to the soldiers and the heirs of soldiers who had served in King Philip's War, whence these lands were known as the Narragansett townships. The proprie- tors organized in 1733 and arranged for selling their lands to settlers, and the portion embracing Bedford and the northern part of Merrimack. named Souhegan East, had been settled to some extent previous to 1750. In that year the people of Merrimack sent in a peti- tion to the Governor and Council, representing "that their land is very mean and ordinary, and therefore incapable of supporting such a number of inhabitants as will enable them to support the charge of a town without a further addition of land and inhabitants. Wherefore, they humbly prayed that an addition might be made to the town of Merrimack, on the northerly side thereof, of a tract of land about three miles in breadth and four and a half in length." This petition was granted on the 5th of June, 1750, thereby ex- tending the boundaries of the town three miles farther north and completing its present limits.
The town records for the same year contain several items of interest. People then, as now, sometimes found the burden of life too great to bear; for Mary Badger was found dead, and the jury brought in the verdict that " she layed hands on herself and hanged herself till dead." There was the same lack of unanimity as now; for, under the date of November 12, 1750, the record reads,-
"We, the subscribers, do hereby enter our protest against joining with the rest of the inhabitants of the town of Merrymac as to Church Government.
" Robert Gillmore, Patrick Taggard, John Thomas, Jonas Kinaday, John Morehead. " PHINEHAS UNDERWOOD, Town Clark."
This year they voted one hundred and twenty dol- lars for highways, twenty-eight dollars for preaching and one hundred dollars for a bridge over the Souhe- gan. Eleazer Blanchard was paid one dollar and sixty cents for " killing one woulf."
In 1753 forty dollars was voted for preaching, thirty for schools, which were to be kept in four different places to accommodate the people in different parts of the town, and a petition was sent to the General Court for authority to tax non-resident lands.
In 1755, Phineas Underwood was appointed "to take care that the deer in this town be not killed at an un- lawful season." A tax was assessed on non-resident lands to build a meeting-house, eighty dollars voted for preaching, one hundred dollars for raising the frame of the meeting-house and Joseph Stearns was
531
MERRIMACK.
invited to settle as minister. The place selected for the meeting-house was about thirty rods south of Tur- key Hill bridge, very nearly at the exact centre of town.
The next year saw the realization of many long-de- ferred plans and hopes, in the erection of the building which was to serve for many years both as meeting- house and town-house. The building yet stands, long since disused, except for storage purposes.
In 1763 the burying-place was cleared and fenced, and one hundred and twenty dollars voted for a min- ister. At this period we find for the first time the word " dollars" used, the records previously desig- nating the amount of money in pounds.
In 1764 three hundred and twenty dollars were raised for highways. Two years later it was voted not to raise any money for schools.
In 1767 a census was taken, with the following re- sult :
Unmarried men between sixteen and sixty 31
Married men
65
Boy's
98
Men over 60 8
Unmarried females 121
Married 66
65
Widows
9
Slaves
3
-
Acres of arable land
377
Acres of orchards
19
Acres of pasture land
54
Horses 47
C'olts .
10
Oxen
117
Cows
168
Young cattle
188
From time to time various persons were hired to preach, some as "supplies," some as candidates for settlement, but no permanent arrangement was reached until, in 1771, a Congregational Church having been organized, the Rev. Jacob Burnap, of Reading, Mass., accepted a call which was given by the church and ratified in town-meeting. Mr. Burnap was twenty- three years of age, a graduate of Harvard, and a man of unusual ability, scholarship and prudence,-quali- ties which enabled him to hold the position until his death, a period of nearly fifty years. He lived on the place now owned by James Wendell and reared a family of thirteen children ; but few of his descend- ants now remain in town.
The names of the original members of the church were as follows: Jonathan Cummings, William Pat- ten, Ebenezer Hills, Jonathan Cummings, Jr., Jonas Barrett, Benjamin Hassell, Jacob Wilson, Thomas Barnes, Samuel Spalding, Henry Fields, Hannah, wife of Jacob Wilson, Sarah, wife of Samuel Spalding, Rachel, wife of Thomas Barnes. Only fourteen church members in a population then numbering nearly five hundred ! A significant item for the consideration of those who believe that the gospel is losing its power. The pastor's salary was, at first, fifty pounds per an- num, with seventy-five pounds for settlement, lawful money.
In this same year sixty dollars was raised for school- ing, to be expended by the selectmen. The select- men were appointed overseers of the poor, and we find the first record of a practice, which continued from time to time, of warning persons out of town, this being done to secure the town from the obligation to support them in case of necessity, and to throw the responsibility on the town from which they came.
Captain John Chamberlain was elected as the first representative to the General Assembly. The warrant for the town-meeting is for the first time dated " in the County of Hillsborough."
The meeting-house was not yet finished inside, and in 1773 the pew-ground was sold at auction, purchas- ers to build uniform pews at their own expense, the proceeds of the sale being devoted to finishing the building.
CHAPTER V.
MERRIMACK -( Continued).
REVOLUTIONARY WAR, 1775-83.
JANUARY 16, 1775, in response to a letter from the Provincial Committee, "Captain John Chamberlain was chosen as delegate to a convention at Exeter, for the purpose of choosing a delegate to attend a Conti- mental Congress to be holden in Philadelphia in May." Such was the first notice taken by the town in its of- ficial capacity of the great struggle for independence ; but, doubtless, the subject had been thoroughly dis- cussed by the sturdy pioneers, so that when the time came they were prepared to act promptly.
At this time the most prominent man in town was Edward Goldstone Lutwyche, an English gentleman of education and a lawyer by profession. When the news of the battle of Lexington reached Merrimack, Mr. Lutwyche was colonel of the Fifth Regiment of the provincial militia, and he was importuned by his officers and men to lead them against the enemy. This he refused to do and tried to discourage others from going. The result was that Mr. Lutwyche left town between two days, joined General Gage, in Boston and was never seen in Merrimack again.
The people, thus deprived of their natural leader, organized a town-meeting without waiting for any authority or even complying with the usual legal forms, appointed a Committee of Safety and enlisted fifteen Minute-Men, who were literally to be ready to march at a minute's warning.
New Hampshire furnished more than one-half of the men engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill, and eleven of them were from Merrimack. Town-meetings were frequent during the first years of the war, to raise money, enlist men, provide powder and aid in organ- izing the new form of government.
In 1775 the town united with Bedford in choosing Jonathan Blanchard to represent them in the General Congress of the province, which met at Exeter.
532
HISTORY OF HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
In 1777 the town-meeting was called in the name of the government and people of the State of New Hampshire.
In 1788 the Articles of Confederation were approved of by vote of the town, and their representative was instructed to vote to instruct the New Hampshire delegate in Congress to vote for the same. The rep- resentative was also instructed to vote for a conven- tion to form a State constitution. Solomon Hutchin- son was elected to represent the town in the Constitu- tional Convention which met at Concord. John Alld received a counterfeit thirty-dollar bill in payment for his services in the Continental army, and the town voted to give him thirty dollars of good money.
When the Continental currency depreciated in value the town voted to pay Captain John Chamberlain sixteen hundred dollars for sixteen dollars due him, but they at first refused to vote a similar arrangement to make good the minister's salary ; yet at a subse- quent meeting the vote was passed and Mr. Burnap was not starved out of town.
In 1781, Simeon Cummings was elected delegate to the convention, and the constitution that had been formed was adopted with some modifications.
In 1783, Jonathan Cummings was elected delegate, from which it appears that the constitution had not yet been satisfactorily modified. Meantime, the de- velopment of the internal affairs of the town was not neglected. In 1776 the selectmen were instructed to " divide the town into school districts and proportion the school money among them." In 1777 it was voted to erect stocks and a whipping-post.
In 1783 the school districts were authorized to ex- pend the school money.
It is said that more than forty men from Merrimack served in the Revolutionary War, but it has been im- possible to find the names of more than thirty-eight, and of the following list it is possible that some did not belong in Merrimack, the only evidence in some cases being that their names are given on the pay- rolls of the New Hampshire regiments as being credited to this town.
REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS FROM MERRIMACK.
David Alkls (Lient.), Isaac C. Allds, Cæsar Barnes, William Barron (''apt.), Jonathan Barron, Augustus Blanchard (Capt.), John Combs, William Cook, John Cowdree, William Cowen (deserted), Abel Davis, Thomas Davis, James Dickey, Nathaniel Dickey, John Fields, John Galt, Nathaniel Gearfield, James Gilmore (Ensign), Matthew Goodwin, Thomas Hammons, John Hazleton (2d Lient.), Samuel Henry, Eben- ezer Hills, JJr., Joseph Hills, William King, James Lickey, Timothy Martin, Thomas McClure (Serg't), James Orr, Benjamin Roby, Timothy Taylor, James Taylor, Hugh Thornton, David Truel, Benjamin Vickere, Samuel Whidden, William Whidden, John Wier.
CHAPTER VI. MERRIMACK-(Continued). CIVIL HISTORY, 1784-1846.
peaceful development, with few changes of import- ance. In 1808 the care of the poor, which had for many years devolved upon the selectmen, was dis- posed of by selling them to the lowest bidder, and this barbarous practice was continued for several years. It seems that there was an unusual amount of poverty in town at this period, for in 1815 it required fifteen hundred dollars to support the poor.
In 1810 a step in advance in behalf of education was taken by appointing a committee to inspect the schools. The first committee consisted of Rev. Jacob Burnap, James Wilkins and Simeon Kenney. This was the beginning of supervision of schools.
It is a matter of curiosity to note that in 1812, Daniel Webster had seventy votes in Merrimack for representative to Congress, while his competitor, John F. Parrot, had ninety-one! The best of people are liable to mistakes.
In 1822 the town voted to give permission to the Universalist Society, which had been organized, to use the meeting-house one Sabbath in each quarter, and this practice was continued for many years, with a gradual increase in the number of Sabbaths, until in a few years the Universalists occupied the house a fourth part of the time.
In 1825 it was voted to give permission to any in- dividual, or individuals, who chose to do so, to place stoves in the meeting-house. This startling innova- tion was not without opponents, but the money was raised by subscription and the house warmed. chiefly through the efforts of Dr. Abel Goodrich and Dan- iel T. Ingalls.
In 1826-28 the present district system was fully inaugurated by the institution of prudential com- mittees, elected by the separate districts, with power to hire teachers, the latter being required to be ex- amined by the superintending committee.
In this year we have the first and only notice of the Eastern Star Lodge, which was granted the use of the meeting-house for its installation ceremonies.
A discount for prompt payment of taxes was first offered in 1827, and at the same time it was ordered that taxes remaining unpaid at the March meeting should be sold to the highest bidder with power to collect.
In 1829 was organized a second Congregational Church, styled the Union Evangelical Church in Merrimack, with Samuel H. Tollman as its pastor. It was composed of people dwelling in Hollis, Am- herst, Milford and Nashua, as well as in Merrimack, and the meeting-house was located in the village of South Merrimack, or Centerville.
Voting by check-list was first practiced in 1832.
A poor-farm was purchased in 1835, as a more hu- mane and economical method of caring for the poor, and in the following year it was voted to make it a house of correction also. The town farm was man- aged by an agent appointed by the town until 1868,
THERE is little of special interest to record for many years after the Revolution. It was a time of i when it was sold and the poor were ordered to be
MERRIMACK.
533
cared for by the selectmen, with the proviso that no one should be carried to the county farm contrary to his wish.
Centennial Anniversary .- April 3, 1846, was a marked day in the history of the town, for then was celebrated the one hundredth year of the town's cor- porated existence. A committee was appointed in town-meeting to make all necessary arrangements, and as the annual fast-day came on April 2d, the cele- bration was appointed for the following day. Robert McGaw was appointed president of the day ; Nathan Parker and Samnel McConihe, vice-presidents ; Joseph B. Holt and Captain Ira Spalding, marshals.
An able and interesting historical address was given by Rev. Stephen T. Allen, pastor of the First Church.
A large party of ladies and gentlemen took dinner at the hotel of J. Nevins, after which there were im- promptu speeches by citizens and gentlemen from neighboring towns, and letters were read from former citizens who were unable to be present. A suggestion having been made that centennial trees be set out in the meeting-house grounds, a few days later the fol- lowing persons assembled there and each set out a thrifty elm-tree, the numbers annexed to the trees in the diagram below showing, by the corresponding numbers attached to the names of the persons, who planted each tree.
DIAGRAM OF CENTENNIAL TREES.
No.
1. Reuben Barnes (2d).
2. J. N. Lovejoy.
3. Samuel McConihe.
4. Dr. Harrison Eaton.
5. Massene B. MeConilie.
6. Miss Angeline MeConihe.
7. Alonzo McConihe.
8. John Nevins.
9. Samnel Barnes.
10. James A. Mckean.
11. David T. Jones.
12. Jacob Burnap.
13. O. S. Chase.
14. Samnel C. Nesmith.
15. Nathan Parker.
16. Henry Parker.
17. C. T. Nonrse.
18. Chas. Il. Longa.
19. Edwin W. Campbell.
20. James McKean.
21. William McGilvray.
22. Robert McGaw.
23. David Jones.
24. Renben Barnes.
25. Henry Il. Eaton.
26. Shubal Weeks.
27. Joseph H. Wilson.
28. James Parker.
29. Caleb Jones.
30. Frederick A. Bartlett.
31. Samnel Campbell.
No.
32. Charles A. Damon.
33. Stephen T. Allen.
34. George T. Boyson.
35. Matthew P. Nichols.
36. Lewis Campbell.
37. Joseph B. Nevins
38. John Anderson.
39. Miss Mary J. Nevins.
40. Reuben HI. Pratt.
.11. Joseph Wilson.
42. Mrs. Elizabeth Wilson.
43. Nathan Wheeler.
44. Mrs. Lucy Holt.
45. Isaialı Herrick.
46. Rufus Blood.
47. Mrs. Abby E. Allen.
48. James Hale.
49. Ebenezer Boyson.
50. William Wallace.
51. Sarah MeGaw Allen, by Catherine Kimball.
52. William W. MeKean.
53. Jonathan Jones.
54. Simeon Kenny, Jr.
55. Miss Catherine Kimball.
56. Elkanah P. Parker.
57. Leonard Walker.
58. Robert W. French.
59. Henry Fretts.
60. Joseph Shedd.
School Matters .- In 1855 a movement was made in school matters which ought to have been followed up until it developed into a complete town organization. The superintending and prudential committees were constituted a School Board auxiliary to the State Board, and required to hold a meeting for consultation pre- vious to the opening of the schools. If, now, it had been further required that no teachers should be em- ployed except upon examination in presence of this board, we might have had a civil service reform in this department of public service thirty years ago.
CHAPTER VII.
MERRIMACK-(Continued). DURING THE CIVIL WAR, 1860-65.
IN 1860 the number of men enrolled in Merri- mack as capable of military duty was a hundred and fifteen.
When the war opened, volunteers went from Mer- rimack, as from all the North, and in 1861 the town voted five hundred dollars to aid the families of volunteers. The following year a bounty of three hundred dollars was offered to each volunteer, and William T. Parker was appointed a committee to see that the money was properly applied and that the town should be properly credited for the men sent. He was afterwards made military agent for the town, with instructions to keep the town's quota full, and at times was given full power to expend money at his own discretion. He served in this capacity through the
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36
26
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23
14
15
16
·
.
8
7
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5
3
1
STREET.
NOTE .- The trees marked with a cross are not now alive.
59
60
58
57
MEETING
O
O
55
56
HOUSE.
53
52
5E
50
10
11
18
.
21
20
19
13
534
HISTORY OF HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
entire war with great efficiency and zeal, devoting to the business much of his time and energy, to the neglect of his private affairs, and never asked for a single dollar as compensation for his services.
The highest bounty paid was five hundred and fifty dollars, and that was done by vote of the town.
The whole number of men called for from Merri- mack was a hundred and twenty. Eighty-three citi- zens volunteered (one of whom was credited to another town), twenty-five citizens sent substitutes, nine substitutes were hired by the town, and seven citizens re-enlisted (one of whom was credited to another town), so that the whole number credited to Merrimack was a hundred and twenty-two.
LIST OF VOLUNTEERS FROM MERRIMACK.
D. Asquith, David Asquith, David Atwood, Nathaniel C. Barker, John Barnes, Gilman Blood, George F. Bowers, John H. Bowers, Charles L. Brigham, Henry F. Butterfield, Joseph Cady, William H. Campbell, Wallace Clark, Abel M. Colby, Henry Collins, Horace B. Corning (killed), George W. Darrah (re-enlisted), Matthew Dickey, Hugh Dolan, Peter H. B. Dolan, Edward A. Downs (killed), R. H. Duffey, George W. Fisher, Francis F. Flint, George W. Flint, Courtland Follansbee (died in Libby Prison), Charles G. Foot, Edward P. French, A. S. Gardner, James W. Gardner, Frank T. Gardner, Edwin Goodwin, Charles O. Gould, Horace S. Gould, Warren Green, Charles N. Green (re-enlisted and commissioned second lieutenant), James Hale, Levi W. Hall, Richard Hensen (deserted), David Henderson, Jr., James Henderson, William Henderson, Silas P. Hubbard, B. Ivison, John Il. Jackman, Spence F. Jewett, Thomas Law, Patrick Lee, Charles H. Longa, George B. Longa (died in the army), John H. Longa, James W. Longa, Tyler T. Longa, H. Washington Longa (re-enlisted), Samuel Marsh, Ira Mears, Aaron Mears, Orvil A. McClure, Sammuel E. McClure, James M. McConihe (re- enlisted), Charles H. McGilveray, George F. McGilveray, Edward Mckean (re-enlisted), Rufus Merriam (killed), Charles W. Morgan, James L. Nash, John P. Y. Nichols (died in camp at Concord), Groves- nor Nichols, Charles W. Parker, Corwin J. Parker, Nathan A. Parker, Thomas A. Parker, Henry C. Patrick (killed), John G. Reed, James A. Reed, George H. Robbins, John L. Robbins, George W. Savage, Orison Sanderson, Alexander Shackey (belonged in Hudson), Matthew P. Tennent, George Wiley, Charles O. Wilkinson.
CHAPTER VIII.
MERRIMACK-( Continued).
CIVIL HISTORY FROM 1866 TO 1885.
UNTIL 1872 the old meeting-house continued to be used as a town-house; but, though it was at the centre of territory, it was not at the centre of popu- lation of the town, nor was it adapted to the purpose of social gatherings, which constitute so important a part of the life of a town; so, at the time above named, an appropriation of five thousand dollars was voted, which resulted in the construction of the convenient new town-house, located in Souhegan village, just south of the new meeting-house. It is used not only for town business, but also for social gatherings and the regular meetings of the various social and benev- olent organizations which have come into existence in the past few years. It is also rented to traveling amusement companies at five dollars per night.
The new town-house was dedicated January 1,
1873, on which occasion Rev. C. L. Hubbard gave an interesting account of the origin, development and results of the town system of New England, and Benjamin Ela gave a full and interesting history of the old town-house.
In 1875 commenced the struggle for the abolition of school districts and the institution of a town system of management for the schools. The change was voted down then, as it has been many times since, but the decreasing majorities of the school district party prove that in the end the town system is likely to triumph.
In 1875 a receiving tomb was built in the cemetery near the new meeting-house at an expense of three hundred dollars.
In 1879 it was voted, eighty-seven to twenty-seven, to suppress the sale of cider, beer and malt liquors, and this provision has been vigorously enforced ever since. "Prohibition does prohibit" in Merrimack at least.
In 1880 the town received a legacy of $611.78 from the " Wheeler" estate, which was placed at interest, to be disposed of as the town may see fit in future.
In 1883 a road-machine was purchased and the road tax collected in money, so that "working out road taxes " is a thing of the past.
In 1884 the town came into possession of a legacy of sixteen thousand five hundred dollars from the estates of Joseph N. and Jane N. Gage, the income of which is to be divided among the districts in proportion to the number of school children in each, and Charles S. Nesmith was appointed agent to take care of the fund.
In 1885 two thousand dollars was appropriated to enlarge the town house, the purpose being to render it more convenient for social gatherings.
CHAPTER IX.
MERRIMACK-( Continued).
PRESENT CONDITION (1885).
MERRIMACK contains about a thousand inhabitants, mostly employed in agricultural pursuits, and, though much of the soil is not rich, the substantial farms and neat and comfortable houses show that the peo- ple get a good living.
There are four small villages,-Reed's Ferry, Merri- mack (or Souhegan), and Thornton's Ferry, situated on the Concord Railroad, along the Merrimack River, and South Merrimack, situated on the Nashua and Wilton Railroad.
Manufactories .- Stephen C. Damon's mill, on the Souhegan River, in the central part of the town, af- fords grist-mill facilities, and produces sawn lumber of various kinds. It employs two or three men. Rodney Hodgman has a saw-mill at South Merri-
535
MERRIMACK.
mack, on the Pennichuck, and Mr. Stowell a grist and saw-mill at the northwest corner of the town, on the Baboosuc. David T. Jones runs a grist-mill on the Naticook Brook, near Thornton's Ferry.
Brick-making was commenced in this town by Eri Kittredge about forty years ago, the bricks being transported to Lowell and elsewhere by boats on the Merrimack River. The business is still carried on by his sons, Joseph Kittredge and Eri Kittredge, Jr., but the Concord Railroad now carries the bricks to mar- ket. This firm produced the largest number about ten years ago, when the product reached 2,200,000, selling for $22,000, and giving employment to over twenty men. The present product is about 600,000, selling for about $3600, and employing seven men. There have been several other brick-yards in town at various times, but all except the Kittredge yard have been given up. Jerry W. Kittredge has for many years carried on the business of manufacturing over- alls, pants, jackets, etc., giving employment to a num- ber of ladies at their homes.
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