USA > New Hampshire > Cheshire County > Keene > History of the town of Keene, from 1732, when the township was granted by Massachusetts, to 1874, when it became a city > Part 43
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FIFTH REGIMENT.
Thirty men from Keene joined the Fifth New Hamp- · shire Volunteers. That regiment was organized at Con- cord in September and October, 1861, with Edward E. Cross, of Lancaster, an experienced soldier in the Mexican and Indian wars, as colonel. Company F was recruited chiefly from Cheshire county, with Horace T. H. Pierce, captain, and Samuel S. Quinn, second lieutenant, both of Keene and both from the First New Hampshire Volunteers. The regiment left New Hampshire for Washington on the 29th of October, was assigned to Sumner's division, of the Army of the Potomac, and encamped near Alexandria, where it remained until the following March. It was then assigned to Richardson's division, Second army corps, and was with the army at the siege of Yorktown and through the peninsular campaign, suffering heavy loss at Fair Oaks, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp and Malvern Hill. It returned with the army to Alexandria and Wash- ington and was in the Maryland campaign in 1862. At South Mountain it was held in reserve, but at Antietam it was engaged and lost about one-third of its members present. At Fredericksburg, December 13, it was with the forces that stormed Marye's Heights, and suffered severely. Six color bearers were shot down, and of nineteen com- missioned officers, eight were killed or mortally wounded, and five others wounded. Of 303 officers and men present for duty the total loss was 193, or more than sixty per cent. It was engaged in the battle of Chancellorsville, May 1-5, 1863, joined in the retreat of the army into Maryland, and was hotly engaged at Gettysburg, where Col. Cross was mortally wounded. The total loss of the regiment in that battle was about one-half of the whole number present. The Fifth joined in the pursuit of Lee's army as far as Warrenton, Va., when it was ordered home to recruit, remained in New Hampshire until Novem- ber, then returned to the front and spent the winter of 1863-4 at Point Lookout, Md., with the Second and Twelfth New Hampshire Volunteers, guarding Confederate prisoners. At the opening of Grant's campaign through the Wilderness in 1864, it rejoined the Army of the Potomac
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KEENE IN THE CIVIL WAR.
and was assigned to Barlow's division of Hancock's (Second) corps. At Cold Harbor, Va., it again suffered a loss of thirty-four killed or mortally wounded, and 192 wounded, out of a total of about 500. Crossing the James with the army, it took part in the siege of Petersburg, during which it twice recrossed the James and was engaged in the action at Deep Bottom, July 27, and again at the same place August 16, and at Ream's Station on the 25th. It then returned to the lines in front of Petersburg, and in the final struggle was engaged at Dinwiddie Court House, March 31, 1865. It made its last charge at Farm- ville on the 7th of April, where it was overpowered and lost its colors and some prisoners, but all were regained on the 9th, when Lee surrendered. It returned to Wash- ington with the army, marched in the final grand review, and was mustered out at Alexandria on the 28th of June.
Below are given the records of Keene men, privates and residents of Keene unless otherwise stated :
Bailey, Augustus. Co. F; age 18; enl. Oct. 23, '61; died, dis. Jan. 15, '62, near Alexandria, Va.
Bromley, Joshua R. Co. F; age 29; enl. Oct. 23, '61; app. sergt; killed, June 6, '64, Cold Harbor, Va.
Carey, Gilman. Co. F; age 21; enl. Oct. 2, '61; wd. June 3, '64, Cold Harbor; must. out Oct. 29, '64.
Crown, Andrew J. Co. F; age 33; enl. Sept. 26, '61; disch. disab. Sept. 25, '62. See V. R. C.
Duren, John A. Non-com. staff; age 29; enl. Sept. 18, '61; app. Q. M. sergt; app. 2d lieut. Co. B, April 1, '63; 1st lieut. Co. I, Oct. 1, '63; captd. June 3, '64, Cold Harbor, Va .; released; disch. March 16, '65. Farewell, Frederick A. Co. F; age 35; drafted Oct. 8, '63; must. out June 28, '65.
Fisk, Sewell A. Co. A; age 33; enl. Dec. 26, '63; wd. June 4, '64, Cold Harbor; disch. May 11, '65, Washington D. C.
Foss, Benjamin H. Co. F; age 21; drafted Oct. 8, '63, transf. to navy April 26, 64; deserted July 6, '65.
Handy, George E. Co. F; age 18; enl. Oct. 23, '61; miss. June 1, '62, Fair Oaks, Va .; returned from miss .; disch. April 25, '64. See miscel. org.
Heustis, William E. Co. F; age 17; enl. Oct. 23, '61; must. as musc .; reen1. Feb. 19, '64; disch. disab. Sept. 1, '64.
Houghton, Abel. Co. F; age 43; enl. Oct. 23, '61; must. as musc .; disch. disab. Dec. 31, '62. See V. R. C.
Houghton, George E. Co. F; age 18; app. corp .; transf. to I. C., Sept. 16, '63; app. sergt .; disch. Oct. 25, '64, at Fortress Monroe, term exp. Howard, William. Co. F; age 45; enl. Oct. 23, '61; died dis. July 4, '62, Harrison's Landing, Va.
Kidder, Henry. Co. F; age 34; drafted Oct. 9, '63; disch. May 20, '65.
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HISTORY OF KEENE.
Parker, Warren M. Co. F; age 18; enl. Oct. 23, '61; app. corp .; killed July 2, '63, Gettysburg.
Pierce, Horace T. H. Co. F; age 37; app. capt. Oct. 12, '61; resigned Jan. 29, '63. See First N. H. V.
Quinn, Charles A. Co. F; age 24; enl. Oct. 23, '61; wd. Sept. 17, '62, Antietam, Md .; died, wds., Nov. 17, '62, Sharpsburg, Md.
Quinn, Samuel S. Co. F; age 21; res. Swanzey, after the war, Keene; app. 2d lieut. Oct. 12, '61; wd. July 1, '62, Malvern Hill; app. 1st lieut. Co. D, Aug. 1, '62; app. capt. Dec. 17, '62; resigned Feb. 17, '63. See First N. H. V.
Reed, John A. Co. F; age 19; enl. Oct. 23, '61; wd. June 1, '62, Fair Oaks, Va .; died, wds., June 24, '62, Philadelphia.
Robbins, Isaiah, Jr. Co. F; age 23; drafted Oct. 9, '63; wd. June 3, '64, Cold Harbor, Va .; disch. disab. May 28, '65.
Roby, Charles. Co. F; age 31; drafted Oct. 9, '63; died, dis., June 24, '64, Washington, D. C.
Stone, Sydney C. Co. F; age 26; enl. Oct. 23, '61; wd. June 1, '62, Fair Oaks, Va .; disch., wds., Sept. 8, '62, New York city; drafted, Oct. 8, '63; miss. April 7, '65, Farmville, Va .; returned; must. out June 28, '65.
Sturtevant, Edward E. Co. A; b. Keene; res. Concord; age 33; app. capt. Oct. 12, '61; wd. June 1, '62, Fair Oaks, Va .; app. major, July 30, '62; killed Dec. 13, '62, Fredericksburg, Va. See First N. H. V.
Towne, Elbridge. Co. F; age 32; enl. Oct. 23, '61; wd. May, '63, Chan- cellorsville, Va .; wd. June 4, '64, Cold Harbor; died, wds. July 1, '64, Alexandria, Va.
Trask, Daniel W. Co. F; age 19; enl. Oct. 23, '61; wd. June, '62, Fair Oaks; wd. Dec. 13, '62, Fredericksburg, Va .; wd. May, '63, Chancel- lorsville; reenl. Feb. 22, '64; disch. June 28, '65.
Trask, William H. Co. F; age 43; enl. Dec. 18, '63; captd. April 7, '65, Farmville, Va .; exchanged; disch. June 2, '65, Washington, D. C.
Wait, John H. Co. F; age 22; enl. Oct. 23, '61; app. corp .; killed, Dec. 13, '62, Fredericksburg, Va. See First N. H. V.
Waite, George W. Co. F; age 23; drafted, Oct. 9, '63; wd. Aug. 25, '64, Ream's Station, Va .; disch. disab. May 31, '65, Manchester, N. H.
Willard, George H. Co. C; age 24; drafted, Oct. 9, '63; wd. July 12, '64, near Petersburg, Va .; disch. May 5, '65, Washington, D. C. Supposed identical with George H. Willard, band, Second N. H. V.
Winslow, Jesse C. Co. F; age 34; drafted Oct. 9, '63; wd, June 3, '64, Cold Harbor; wd. Aug. 16, '64, Deep Bottom, Va .; miss. April 7, '65; returned; must. out June 28, '65.
SIXTH REGIMENT.
The Sixth regiment 1 had its rendezvous at Keene in the months of November and December, 1861, and was mus- tered into the United States service Nov. 27-30. Its camp was on the Cheshire county fair grounds, now Wheelock
1 A more extended historical account of the Sixth regiment is given for the reason that a large number of its members were residents of Keene, and that, having encamped in town for nearly two months, a more extensive acquaint- ance was made with its officers and men by the citizens of Keene than with those of any other regiment.
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park, which then had buildings suitable for the quarter- master's use, but not for quarters for the men. Those were provided by the state in the form of large conical tents, each of which was furnished with a stove. Nelson Con- verse, of Marlboro, was appointed colonel; S. G. Griffin, promoted from captain in the Second, lieutenant colonel; and Charles Scott of Peterboro, major. Don H. Wood- ward, Esq., of Keene was appointed adjutant, but resigned before the regiment left the state, and was succeeded by Phin P. Bixby, of Concord. Alonzo Nute, of Farmington, afterwards member of congress, was quartermaster; Dr. William A. Tracy, of Nashua, surgeon, succeeded after a year and a half by the assistant-surgeon, Dr. Sherman Cooper of Claremont; and Rev. Robert Stinson, of Croy- don, chaplain, succeeded after six months by Rev. John A. Hamilton of Keene, who remained with the regiment one year. Company E was recruited in Keene by Obed G. Dort, who was appointed its captain; and John A. Cum- mings, who joined it with a squad of recruits from Peter- boro, was made its first lieutenant. A part of Company F was also recruited in Keene, by George C. Starkweather, who was appointed its captain, but soon resigned; and there were Keene men also in other companies. During their stay in Keene the officers of the regiment received polite attentions from the citizens, and accepted many invitations to social functions-a striking contrast to the hard and dangerous life which was before them. On Thanksgiving day the whole regiment was provided by the citizens with a sumptuous dinner at the camp, which both officers and men thoroughly enjoyed and never for- got. December 19 the regiment marched to the Square and formed in a circle around Central park, in which were Governor Berry and staff, Hon. Peter Sanborn, state treasurer- who was present to pay the soldiers the money then due them from the state and their bounty of ten dol- lars each-and the field and staff officers of the regiment. The governor addressed the regiment in a patriotic speech and presented it with its state banner and the national colors. On Christmas morning the regiment left its camp and marched to the station-through snow more than a
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HISTORY OF KEENE.
foot deep which had fallen in the night preceding-and took the cars on the Fitchburg, Worcester and Norwich route to New York and thence direct to Washington. The Sentinel of December 26 published a full roster of its mem- bers, with the following paragraph:
"DEPARTURE OF THE SIXTH .- The Sixth regiment of New Hampshire Volunteers left Keene in twenty-two cars. at about nine o'clock, Wednesday morning. The soldiers seemed in good spirits, and were heartily cheered by an immense crowd that had assembled to witness their departure. * *
"Taken as a whole, we doubt if a better body of men has gone to the war from this state. The field and staff officers are gentlemen of superior character, unstained by any vicious habits, and are actuated by the purest prin- ciples of patriotism. They have the entire confidence of the men under them, and of all who know them at home."
Encamping for a few days near Washington, the Sixth was assigned to Burnside's expedition to North Carolina, and on the 8th of January, 1862, went on board the ship Martha Greenwood, at Annapolis. At Fortress Monroe it was transferred to the side-wheel steamer Louisiana, and in that river boat doubled Cape Hatteras in one of the worst storms of that stormy coast. For several weeks it was encamped on Hatteras Island, where it suffered severely from measles, malarial fever and other diseases. About sixty men died, and several others were permanently disabled. This sickness prevented the regiment from tak- ing part in the capture of Roanoke Island, but early in March it removed to that island and remained until June, making some excursions on the main land and breaking up rebel encampments.
In March, Col. Converse resigned and Lt. Col. Griffin was promoted to colonel, Major Scott to lieutenant colonel, and Capt. Dort to major. On the 19th of April the Sixth was engaged in the battle of Camden, N. C., and at a critical moment was ordered to attack. The regiment ad- vanced in line of battle, nearly 1,000 strong, and at the word of command poured in a volley with all the coolness and precision of a dress parade. The enemy broke and fled, and the battle was won. That volley brought the Sixth commendation in general orders, and gave it a reputation
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in Burnside's corps which lasted through the war. From Roanoke Island it joined the main body of Burnside's force at Newberne, and on the 1st of July was assigned to Reno's division of that force-now the Ninth army corps -and sent to aid Mcclellan on the peninsula. McClellan's movements having failed, Reno's division was ordered to the aid of Gen. Pope, commanding the army in front of Washington, landed at Acquin Creek, marched to Culpepper Court House, and joined in Pope's retreat before the ad- vance of Lee's army. During its four weeks with Pope's army the service of the regiment was exceedingly severe -marching by night, and engaged, or in constant expec- tation of engagements, by day. That campaign was one of the most trying the Sixth ever experienced. Rev. John A. Hamilton of Keene was appointed chaplain and joined the regiment at the beginning of this campaign.
Previous to that, while the regiment was encamped for a short time at Newport News, the wives of Lt. Col. Seott, Major Dort, and Capt. John A. Cummings, visited their husbands, taking the major's little son, four or five years old, with them. After the regiment had left, the party, with the sick of Reno's division, among whom was Lt. Col. Scott, went on board the steamer West Point and started for Baltimore. While ascending the Potomac river, in the evening of August 13, the boat collided with the descending steamer, George Peabody, and sank. One hun- dred and twenty were drowned, including all the ladies and the child, and George W. Marsh, of Keene, a private in the Sixth.
At the second battle of Bull Run, Aug. 29, the Sixth -with the two other regiments of its brigade, the Second Maryland on its right and the Forty-eighth Pennsylvania on its left- was sent into a piece of woods with orders from Gen. Reno to "Drive the enemy out and hold that ground." The regiment made a gallant attempt to obey the order, not suspecting that it was set to perform an impossible task. As it advanced into the woods it was received with a murderous fire; four color-bearers were shot down in succession; its left flank was uncovered, and it was compelled to retreat to save itself from capture.
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HISTORY OF KEENE.
Almost one-half of its whole number of officers and men present-about 450-were killed, wounded or taken prisoners. Among the mortally wounded were Lieut. George H. Muchmore, Sergeant Isaac P. McMaster, and Private Samuel E. Douglass; and among the wounded were Privates Anthony Demore, Roger S. Derby, Henry A. Farnum, Henry C. Flagg, Henry Flint and James H. Smith, all of Keene. It was afterwards learned that the opposing force was Longstreet's whole corps, seven lines deep.
After the battle of Chantilly, in which it was engaged Sept. 1, the Sixth was with its corps in Mcclellan's Mary- land campaign. It was engaged at South Mountain; and at Antietam, with the Second Maryland, both under Col. Griffin, it made a gallant charge on the famous stone bridge, but their numbers were too small to ensure success. It was, however, one of the first to cross the bridge with the reinforcements brought up, and was the first to form its line confronting the enemy on the bluff beyond the bridge. After that battle and a rest in Pleasant Valley, the Sixth was with the army in its pursuit of Lee, and at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, it was in the column of the Ninth corps that charged Marye's Heights, and suffered severe loss. In February, 1863, two divisions of the Ninth corps under Gen. John G. Parke were sent to Newport News, and thence, in March, to join Gen. Burnside in his command of the department of the Ohio. Early in April they moved into Kentucky to protect that state from Confederate raids and prepare for an advance into east Tennessee; and for a few weeks the soldiers enjoyed their camps in the celebrated blue grass counties. Col. Griffin being in com- mand of the brigade, Lt. Col. Henry H. Pearson, pro- moted from captain, was now in command of the regi- ment.
Early in June, Gen. Parke and his two divisions were sent to aid Gen. Grant in his siege of Vicksburg, and formed a part of the army under Gen. Sherman to confront the Confederate Gen. Johnson and protect Grant's rear. The Ninth corps troops were encamped at Milldale and vicinity, on the Yazoo river. Vicksburg surrendered on the
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4th of July, and Sherman immediately moved his army, reinforced by a part of Grant's, in pursuit of Johnson. The march to Jackson, where Johnson made a stand and the Sixth was engaged, and that of the return to Milldale after the capture of the city, were among the hardest and most distressing ever experienced by the Sixth, on account of the heat and lack of water; and that campaign in those mala- rial regions of Mississippi was more injurious to the health and morale of the troops of the Ninth corps than any other of the whole war. Many lives were lost and many constitutions broken. In August, the corps returned to Kentucky. In consequence of the sickness thus contracted the Second division was divided, the stronger regiments marching to east Tennessee, while those more seriously affected remained to recuperate and protect the loyal people of Kentucky. The Sixth was encamped for short terms at Frankfort and Russellville, and then was placed on guard and provost duty at Camp Nelson, a large and important depot of supplies near Nicholasville, Ky.
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While at that post a large majority of the men-280, or about three-fourths of all who had served a sufficient length of time-reenlisted for three years or the war, and received a furlough of thirty days granted by the terms of enlistment. The Sixth was the first New Hampshire regi- ment to reënlist, and did so in larger proportionate num- bers than any other from the state, retaining its organiza- tion of ten companies to the close of the war, while most of the others were consolidated with other New Hampshire regiments before being mustered out. On the 16th of Jan- uary, 1864, the regiment-the reenlisted men-under Lt. Col. Pearson, started for New Hampshire. On its route to Concord, via Cleveland, Buffalo and Rutland, the regi- ment stopped over one night in Keene. It was royally received and entertained by the citizens, and the men were provided with quarters in the town hall. At Concord it had another grand reception, and the next day the men dispersed to their homes. They remained in the state until the 18th of March, when they reassembled at Con- cord and again started for the front to take part in Grant's great campaign through the Wilderness.
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HISTORY OF KEENE.
The Ninth corps was then reassembling and reorganiz- ing under Gen. Burnside at Annapolis. There the Sixth met its recruits and those who had not reenlisted, brought forward from Kentucky. The Ninth and Eleventh New Hampshire Volunteers were also brought on from Ken- tucky and east Tennessee, and the three New Hampshire regiments, with the Seventeenth Vermont and Thirty-first and Thirty-second Maine, constituted the Second brigade of the Second division, commanded by Col. S. G. Griffin, thus leaving Lt. Col. Pearson in command of the Sixth. It was sometimes called the New Hampshire brigade, but other regiments were added from time to time until there were eleven in all in that brigade. On the 23d of April the corps left Annapolis, marched through Washington, where it was reviewed by President Lincoln, and after some delays joined the Army of the Potomac just beyond the Rapidan river on the evening of the 5th of May. At 2 o'clock the next morning the New Hampshire brigade was again in motion, marched a few miles in the dark- ness, got in position as daylight appeared, and attacked the enemy at sunrise near "Parker's Store." After some desultory fighting in that position the brigade was ordered to the left, through the woods, to aid in repelling an attack of the enemy on that part of the field. As it came on the ground and formed in line in rear of two other brigades of the corps, which were lying down to avoid the shot, it made an imposing appearance, four of the regi- ments being fresh from their states, with well filled ranks and bright new uniforms and colors. Gen. Burnside and Gen. Potter, commander of the Second division, were present with their staffs. Pleased with the appearance of this fresh force, Burnside turned to Potter and said: "Let Griffin attack." Potter repeated the order and Griffin gave the command "Forward!" The brigade of six large battalions, numbering about 3,000 men, advanced in line of battle, and as it passed over the prostrate brigades, one after the other, the sight was so inspiring that the men of each line as it was passed sprang to their feet, cheered, and, without orders, joined in the forward movement. The whole mass of enthusiastic troops advanced to the
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charge under a withering fire. For a while they bore the enemy back; and the Sixth New Hampshire sprang for- ward, charged with the bayonet, and brought out 106 prisoners. But the troops of other corps on the left of the Ninth did not join in the movement, and soon its flank was exposed. The enemy did not fail to take advantage of that opening, swept round and enveloped that flank and compelled the Ninth corps to fall back, but only to the ground from which the movement started. The Sixth New Hampshire lost heavily in killed and wounded, and Henry A. Farnum of Keene was captured. The Eleventh New Hampshire also suffered in killed and wounded, among them Lt. Col. Collins, mortally wounded, and Lieut. Hutchins, serving on Col. Griffin's staff, killed; and Col. Harriman and several others of that regiment were taken prisoners.
During that night the army moved by the left, and at Spottsylvania Court. House on the 12th the New Hamp- shire brigade led the advance of the Ninth corps in its sup- port of Hancock's movement, at 4 o'clock in the morning, · met the enemy in a desperate struggle of five hours' dura- tion, held its ground, and saved Hancock's corps from being swept off the field in a countercharge. The Ninth New Hampshire made a gallant dash to capture a Con- federate gun, but was repulsed with severe loss. That regiment was in command of Major George H. Chandler, Lt. Col. Babbitt having been directed by Col. Griffin to take command of the Thirty-second Maine, which was destitute of field officers. The Eleventh New Hampshire was in command of its senior officer present, Capt. H. O. Dudley. The Sixth lost sixty-seven killed and wounded, among the latter Patrick McCaffery, mortally, and William H. Barber, of Keene. The Ninth lost fifty-five killed or mortally wounded, and nearly 200 wounded, among the latter, Col. Babbitt, severely, and John E. Ellis of Keene; and its commander, Major Chandler, was also wounded. The Eleventh lost nineteen killed or mortally wounded and about 150 wounded-a total loss in the three New Hamp- shire regiments of nearly 500. The lines taken on the 12th were held until the 18th, when a reconnoissance, ordered by Gen. Grant to ascertain whether the enemy was still
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in force in our front, was made by Griffin's brigade. The enemy showed no diminution in numbers or determination, and the brigade returned to its position.
Again the army moved to the left, and the New Hamp- shire brigade was engaged at North Anna river-where Lt. Col. Pearson, of the Sixth, a brave and meritorious officer, was instantly killed-at Tolopotomoy creek, Bethes- da Church, and Cold Harbor, June 3. Another movement to the left, by night and by day, brought the army to the James river, which it crossed, and arrived in front of the enemy's outer line of entrenchments at Petersburg on the 16th of June. That night was spent by the brigade in working its way through slashed timber at the Shand's house, and on the morning of the 17th, at daybreak, it made a dash over the enemy's works, captured about one thousand prisoners, four pieces of artillery and a quantity of arms and ammunition. Advancing the next day to the main works, for nine weeks it lay in the besieging lines, close to the enemy-in some places within two hundred yards-almost constantly under the fire of the pickets, and . suffered continual loss in killed and wounded. It joined in the charge at the battle of the Mine, July 30, where the Sixth lost heavily. Among the killed of that regiment was Capt. William K. Crossfield, of Keene, an excellent officer. On the 20th of August, the Ninth corps moved to the left and was engaged in the battle on the Weldon railroad; and again, Sept. 30, at Poplar Springs Church, where the New Hampshire brigade lost heavily in killed, wounded and captured. Among the killed was Lieut. Emory of the Ninth, on Gen. Griffin's staff.
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