USA > New Hampshire > Strafford County > Dover > Landmarks in ancient Dover, New Hampshire > Part 11
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
This bridge was no doubt across Fresh creek brook, now Rollins' brook.
GONIC. See Squamanagonic.
GOOSEBERRY MARSH. This marsh is in the upper part of Madbury, on the south side of Bellamy river. It is so called May 30, 1738, when John and Sarah Giles conveyed to Wm. Dam 20 acres on " the S. E. side of ye Hook marsh, beginning at a hem- lock tree near ye place called ye goos- bery marsh." Timothy Moses con- veyed to Timothy Emerson, Aug. 24, 1741, five acres at the east end of Gooseberry marsh, on the south side of Belleman's Bank river.
The GORE. This was a section of land on the borders of Portsmouth and the Bloody Point district that remained ungranted till 1693. It did not form part of Ancient Dover, but it is often mentioned in the convey- ances of the Dover lands adjoining, and now belongs for the most part, if not wholly, to Newington. The se- lectmen of Portsmouth, March 22, 1693, conveyed to Wm. Vaughan " a gore of land between the land former- ly granted Capt. Bryan Pendleton and the line yt is ye bounds betwene the towns of Portsmouth and Dover yt runs from Cannyes Coue to hoogsty Cone, and runs from Cannyes Coue to (the) Bloody point roode waye that leads to Greenland." William Vaughan of Portsmouth, Feb. 1, 1708, conveyed to George Huntris of Do- ver, a tract of 40 acres " in Ports- mouth, adjoining to Cannyes Cove, near said George Huntris' house in Piscataqua river, in that part which
is called the Long Retch, beginning at the river's side, at said cove, and running W. S. W. from the river by a tract of land which was formerly given and laid out to Capt. Pendleton by the town of Portsmouth, which said Pendleton sold to Christopher Jose, and now belongs to Capt. Rich- ard Gerrish, to run on a W. S. W. line by said Gerrish's land to a cer- tain place called the Durty Gutt, in the way that goes from Rawlins' to the pitch-pine plains, and from said durty Gutt in said way to run N. W. by ye edge of the swamp to the line that bounds Portsmouth and Dover, and thence upon said Portsmouth and Dover line to ye first bounds, being a gore, and is part of that gore which the said Wm. Vaughan bought of the town of Portsmouth, which lott con- tains about 40 acres, reserving unto said Wm. Vaughan, his heirs and assigns, a cartway down to Canney's cove, and 40 feet at the foot of the hill at said cove."
William and Abigail King of Ports- mouth, Feb. 14, 1723-4, conveyed to John Downing, Jr., of Newington, his part of the gore in the pitch-pine plains in Newington, which land lay in equal partnership between Capt. Nathaniel Gerrish, Mrs. Margret Vaughan (then Mrs. Margret ffove), Mrs. Abigail Shannon, Mrs. Elizabeth Vaughan, and the said Wm. King.1 Bridget Gerrish of Berwick, widow of Nathaniel Gerrish, March 25, 1730, conveyed to Margaret, " ye now wife of John ffoye of Charlestown, Mrs. Abigail Shannon, widow,2 Mrs. Eliz-
1 Wm. King was the son of Mary Vaughan, who married Daniel King of Salem.
2 Capt. Nathaniel Gerrish of Berwick married Bridget Vaughan. Abigail Vaughan married, 1st, Nathaniel Shannon, and secondly, Capt. George Walker. Margaret Vaughan married, 1st, Capt. John Foye, and 2dly, the Hon. Charles Chambers, both of Charlestown, Mass.
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
abeth Vaughan, single woman, and Wm. King, mariner, all of Portsmouth, her fifth part of the Gore of land which her father Wm. Vaughan had of the town of Portsmouth-which fifth part was 52 acres. The whole tract was bounded S. E. on the land of Wm. Vaughan, then in possession of John Vincent ; W. by Jos. John- son and Alex" Hodgden ; S. by land of Capt. Henry Dering and Lt. Gov. Wentworth, then in possession of Samson Babb and John Stevens ; N. W. on Mad. Grafford's common right, Mr. Ephraim Dennet and oth- ers ; and " on ye east, northerly, on ye road that leads from Islington to Newington ferry."
GOSLING ROAD. This name is pop- ularly given to the long straight road leading from the Pascataqna river two miles along the dividing line between Newington and Portsmouth. Rich- ard Dame, on his map, calls it the " Road to Boiling Rock." It is called the " New Road" May 12, 1759, when David and Charles Dennett con- veyed to John Hart eleven acres of land in Portsmouth, on the south- easterly side of ye new road, so called, which divides ye town of Portsmouth and ye parish of Newington, and on ye southwesterly side of ye road that leads from Portsmouth by Islington to Knight's ferry, having the land of Benj" Miller on ye S. E. side, and the land of John Shackford on the south- west. It was still called the "new road " in 1772, when Joseph S. Hart, the 11th of June, conveyed to Rich- ard Hart 150 acres of land in New- ington, beginning at the river, and running westerly by the New Road, so called, to the land of Samuel Ham, etc., being the land on which his
father John Hart then lived. This land was acquired by Richard Pick- ering in 1808.
GRANITE STATE PARK. This park is on the N. W. side of Willand's pond, partly in Dover and partly in Somersworth. It was laid out in 1876, on land acquired from Mr. Frank Bickford and Mr. Howard Henderson. A " Race Course " here is mentioned on Chace's county map of 1856. There is still a trotting ground, and agricultural fairs are held in the park.
GREAT BAY. This beautiful basin of water, four miles wide in one part, enclosed between Durham and New- market on the north, and Greenland and Newington on the south, was so named as early as 1643. It was oth- erwise called the Bay or Lake of Pascataquack. It is generally sup- posed to be formed by the union of the Winnicot, Squamscot, and Lam- prey rivers, but it is by no means dependent on them for its supply of water. It is a tidal basin that de- pends chiefly on the ebb and flow of the ocean. "At high tide," says Mr. J. S. Jenness, " when this large basin is filled by the sea, the prospect over its pellucid surface, framed all around with green meadows and waving grain and noble woods, is truly en- chanting. But when the tide is out, a vast bed of black ooze is exposed to view, bearing the scanty waters of several small streams which empty into this great lagune."
GREAT BEAVER DAM. See Beaver Dams.
GREAT BROOK. See Emerson's Brook.
GREAT CREEK. Mentioned the 23d, 10th mo., 1644, when, at a public
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
town meeting in Dover, a grant was made to Mr. ffrancis Mathies 1 of " all the marsh in the Great creek on the norwest side of the Great bay, being the first creek, and one hundred acres of upland adjoining to it." The in- ventory of his estate, made " 50 or 60 years " after his decease, and sworn to by his son Benjamin, March 6, 1704, mentions, among other lands, 100 acres adjoining the N. W. side of the first creek in the Great Bay, together with three acres of salt marsh. Francis Mathes, Dec. 5, 1749, con- veyed to his grandsons Gershom and Benjamin Mathews, Jr., 100 acres of land in Durham, adjoining the Great Creek, commonly called Mathews' Creek, then in possession of said Gershom and Benjamin, with all his right to the said Great Creek, etc. This creek is now called Crummit's creek ..
GREAT FALLS. This name was given at an early day to the chief natural falls in the Salmon Falls river. Richard Hussey, March 19, 1693-4, had a grant of 50 acres above the Great Falls, laid out Dec. 9, 1729, beginning above said falls at a pitch- pine tree on the west side of a brook, thence running N. 45° W. 100 rods, to a small white oak in sight of Pe- ter's marsh, then 49° E. 80 rods, to land belonging to the heirs of John Hanson, deceased. Job and Joseph Hussey conveyed part of this land to Thomas Wallingford July 5, 1743, giving the same bounds. Forty acres, " near adjatiant to the Great falls on Salmon fall Riner," were granted to " Henry hobs " Ap. 11, 1694. Ben-
jamin Mason of Dover, son of Peter, conveyed to Thomas Hanson, Oct. 8, 1727, a quarter part of " ye new mill upon Salmon falls river, on that part of ye river commonly called by ye name of the Great Falls, distin- guished and known by that name, built in ye year 1727, joining to the old mill, or near to it, with a quarter part of all the privileges, and ye dam thereto, with ye falls and water and water courses thereto belonging," etc.
Ten acres of land, acquired by Benj" Waimouth in 1734, were laid ont to Joseph Wentworth Ap. 2, 1747, " beginning at a small white oak near Hogges fence above sd Wentworth's house at ye Great falls where he now lives." Thomas West- brook Waldron, administrator of the estate of Joseph Wentworth of Som- ersworth, Ap. 10, 1766, conveyed to Andrew Horne of Dover, blacksmith, (the highest bidder at a public sale), 3 of the homestead estate of said Wentworth, situate, lying, and being at a place called the great falls in Somersworth, being 3 of 53 acres and 120 rods of land, with § of the house and barn, and & of a grist-mill, and 3 of 5 of the stream saw in the double saw-mill there, together with the proportionable part of all the machinery and privileges belonging to said mill as then situated on Sal- mon falls river.
The water privilege here was ac- quired between 1820 and 1823, by Isaac Wendell of Dover, who also bought of Gershom Horn a tract of land adjacent. This purchase was made for the Great Falls Mannfac-
1 This Francis Mathes or Mathews was one of Capt. John Mason's colonists sent over between 1631 and 1634, and asigner of the Exeter Combination of 1639. His descendants are still numer- ous in Durham and the neighboring towns.
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
turing Co., which was incorporated June 11, 1823. This Company now has control of the whole water power from the various sources of the Sal- mon Falls river to the third level at Great Falls, including Great East, Horn's, and Wilson's Ponds on the East branch ; Cook's, Lovell's, and Cate's, on the West branch, and the Three Ponds at Milton. Around the extensive cotton mills belonging to this Company has grown up the flour- ishing village of Great Falls, the only village in Somersworth since the in- corporation of Rollinsford.
The name of Great Falls was also formerly given to the falls in North River, at South Lee, where Harvey's mill now stands. (See North River.)
GREAT HILL. Mentioned the 5th, 10 mo., 1652, when John Heard had a grant of 50 acres under the Great Hill of Cochechoe, on the south side, below the cartway. A freshet is mentioned the same day as " coming out of the marsh beside the great hill at Cochecho." Thomas Paine of Dover, in ye county of Dover and Portsmouth, conveyed to Ginking Jones, Jnly 9, 1673, twenty acres of land at Cochecha near ye Greate hill, bought of Wm. Wentworth March 6, 1666, being part of 50 acres granted said Wentworth the 1st, 10 mo., 1652, beginning at a gutt at ye lower end of said Wentworth's field, on ye east side of the Greate hill, and running by ye cartway to a marked tree. This hill is otherwise called the Great Cochecho hill and Cochecho Great hill. The Rev. John Pike calls it simply "the Hill" May 28, 1704. It is now called Garrison Hill.
The name of Great Hill is also given to a hill in Lubberland near the
head of Goddard's creek. It is men- tioned the 10th, 2 mo., 1674, when 100 acres of land on the Great Bay, bought by John Goddard of Thomas Larkham, were laid out, beginning at the corner of the orchard and run- ning N. by W. to a marked tree under the Great Hill. "Ye Great Hill" is again mentioned in a deed from Martha, widow of Elias Critchet, Sr., and daughter of John Goddard, Sr., to her grandson Joseph Thomas, Aug. 4, 1729. It is called Chesley's Hill in a deed from Elias Critchet to Samuel Smith Ap. 5, 1731. It is otherwise called Rocky Hill. (See Birch Point, Doe's Neck, and Stony Brook.)
GREAT POND. So called in the Dover grants of 1650. Joseph Aus- tin's land near the Great Pond is mentioned the 23d, 10 mo., 1658. Thomas and Sarah Downs, Dec. 16, 1720, conveyed to Gershom Went- worth 50 acres of land near ye Great Pond above Cochecho, half of a hun- dred-acre grant to Wm. Everit. deceased, " beginning at a pitch- pine tree near ye pond, on ye west side of ye road yt leads to Whitehall." Gershom Wentworth conveyed this land to his "loving son Ezekiel " Nov. 10, 1730, when the Great Pond is again mentioned. Moses Stevens had 64 acres laid out March 27, 1736, on the north side of the brook that comes out of the Great pond, below the stepping-stones, so called, joining to the marsh line, beginning at an alder bush near the old bridge.
This pond is now called Willand's Pond. (See Cochecho Pond.)
GREAT SWAMP. This swamp, partly in Greenland, and partly in
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
Portsmouth, is crossed by the Ports- mouth and Concord railway. It is the source of several streams that flow through a part of ancient Dover.
GREAT TURN. . Mentioned June 10, 1719, when 100 acres of land, granted to Wm. Follet in 1658, were laid out to Ichabod Chesley " near ye Place called the Grate Turn." This land adjoined the S. W. side of " Bello- man's Bank freshett." Thirty aeres were laid out to Daniel Messerve June 12, 1719, beginning " at the south side of the way that leads to the hook, at a pine at the great turn," and thence running N. N. W. 60 rods by the path to a white pine. A high- way into the woods was laid out May 31, 1733, " beginning on ye west side of the road at ye great turn, as ye way was formerly laid out by Capt. Jones and Jonathan Thompson," and run- ning "as ye way now goes on ye north side of Jolin Davis's house, and so along ye same way till it comes to Durham line." Ichabod Chesley and wife Temperance, Ap. 4, 1748, conveyed to Joseph Daniel 25g acres of land in Dover, near the place called the great turn. May 28, 1748, he conveyed to Eli Demerit 134 acres in Dover, on the S. W. side of Belliman's Bank freshit, near the place called the Great turn, being part of 100 acres granted to Wm. Folliott of Oyster River the 5th, 2 mo., 1658.1 And that same day Ichabod Chesley conveyed to Solomon Emer- son 93 acres of Follet's grant, near the great turn, beginning at the S. E. corner of the land Zachariah Pitman bought of said Chesley, near said Em- erson's orchard. (See Long Turn.) GREEN HILL. The road to Green
Hill is frequently mentioned in the Dover and Madbury records. It is in the eastern corner of the Two Mile Streak, adjoining the Dover line. It is so called on an old plan of July 10, 1753, executed by Thomas W. Waldron, and on Holland's map of 1784. At the foot of this hill is Fly Market. (See the Heath.)
GREENLAND. The entire shore of Greenland, beginning 40 rods below Sandy Point, appears to have formed part of ancient Dover. At the Court held in Boston the 19th, 7 mo., 1643, it was ordered "That all the marsh and meadow ground lying against the great bay on Strawberry bank side shall belong to the towne of Dover, together with 400 acres of upland adjoining." (N. H. Prov. Pap., 1 : 172.) This grant was more clearly defined in the division of the Squamscot Patent, May 22, 1656, when all the marsh was assigned to Dover from Hogsty Cove, near the mouth of Great Bay, round about the Bay up to Cotterill's Delight, together with 400 acres of upland, as granted it by the Court. (Ibid, 1: 222. See also Cotterill's Delight.)
Among the Dover grants on the Greenland shore are those to Thomas Canney, Richard Carter, John Hall, John Heard, Richard Hussey, Henry Langstaffe, John and Thomas Rob- erts, Henry Tibbets, Thomas Willey, George Webb, etc. The grants to Thomas Canney and Thomas Willey were at a considerable distance above the mouth of Winnicot river. (See Canney's Marsh and. Willey's Island.) And still farther above was the large traet which Richard Waldron and Thomas Lake reserved for them-
1 Foliot was the name of a Devonshire family, allied with the Gorges. (Baxter's Sir Ferdi- nando Gorges, 2: 152.)
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
selves. The Dover grants on this shore seem to have been for the most part purchased by the Portsmouth settlers, and the whole shore was finally relinquished when Greenland was made a separate parish.
Greenland is mentioned in the Portsmouth records as early as July 10, 1655, when 300 acres of upland and meadow were granted to Capt. Champernoun,1 " adjoining his now dwelling house at grenland." In July, 1657, Francis Champernoone con- veyed to Valentine Hill his " farm in ye Great Bay called by ye name of Greenland," which had been in his possession 16 or 17 years, with all right to "400 acres in said farm granted him by Mr. Robert Salton- stall and others of ye Patentees." Valentine Hill of Dover conveyed to Capt. Thomas Clark and Wm. Paddy of Boston, merchants, his " farm called Greenland, lying in ye bottom of ye Greate bay in ye river of Pis- cataqua."
March 12, 1713, Edward Hutchinson of Boston, merchant, and Mary, wife of Josiah Wolcot of Salem-son and daughter of Eliza Hutchinson, lately deceased, the heir of Major Thomas Clark, late of Boston, deceased- conveyed to Col. Wm. Partridge in the name of said Clark and of Wm. Paddy, deceased, a certain neck, tract, or parcell of land commonly called by the name of Greenland or Champernoun farm, butted and bounded on the Great Bay, and lying
between two creeks, purchased by said Clark and Paddy before released from Valentine Hill, long since de- ceased, who derived his title from Capt. Francis Champernoun, the first and original proprietor of said farm.
Wm. Partridge, Esq., of Newbury conveyed to Thomas Packer of Ports- mouth, chirurgeon, one half of all his right unto ye old and new ffarme at Greenland, called Champernowne ffarme or ffarmes, as sold by ffrancis Champernoun to Nathaniel Fryer, Henry Langstaffe, and Philip Lewis, March 27, in ye one and twentieth year of ye late reign of our sov. Lord, Charles ye Second.
John Davis of Oyster River, in his will of May 25, 1686, gives his son Joseph "one half the marsh which I bought of Mr. Valentine Hill, situate and lying in Greenland."
Francis and Mary Drake of Ports- mouth, Aug. 5, 1686, conveyed to John Johnson and Thomas Bracket "my now dwelling-house " and 84 acres of land in Greenland in ye town- ship of Portsmouth, obtained partly by grant, and partly from Capt. Francis Champernoon. Sept. 20, 1717, Wm. Partridge and Thomas Packer conveyed to Matthias Haynes 66 acres in the parish of Greenland, part of the Champernoon new farm, joining the road from Greenland to Hampton, at the turn of the road against Neel's. Capt. Champernowne was a member of the Dover Combination of 1640, and a portion of his land at Greenland
1 This was Francis Champernowne of royal descent, the friend and relative of Sir Walter Raleigh, and, as Mr. J. S. Jenness says, " the noblest born and bred of all New Hampshire's first planters." On Champernowne's island, now called Gerrish's island, at Kittery Point, may be seen his grave, with its rude cairn, over which Dr. Wm. Hale of Dover has recently sung so plaintive a dirge :
" Where, wind to wave, and wave to echoing rock, Their endless dirges chant for lost renown;
With every bursting wave sounding a knell Above the lonely grave of Champernowne."
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
fell within the limits of ancient Dover. The part acquired by Capt. Thomas Packer became known as the Packer farm. A portion of this is now gen- erally called the "Peirce1 farm," from the late Col. Joshua W. Peirce, by whose heirs it is still owned.
It was voted at a town meeting in Portsmouth, June 4, 1705, that " ye bounds of Greenland be on ye south side of Col. Packer's farme." And a petition of May 26, 1725, mentions a vote of the town "that Greenland bounds should be on the south side of Packer's farm (which suppose is now Doctor Marches)."
The name of Greenland, originally confined to the Champernowne farm,2 was finally given to all the western part of Portsmouth, which was set off as a separate parish in 1706, but con- tinued to be assessed as a part of Portsmouth till March 21, 1721, when, at the petition of Samuel and Joshua Weeks and James Johnson, it was allowed to be taxed separately (N. H. Prov. Pap., 2 : 739-40.) The privi- lege of sending a representative to the General Assembly was granted to the Parish of Greenland May 12, 1732. (Ibid, 4 : 618, 785.)
GREENLAND GARRISONS. It is one of the boasts of Greenland that it never had any garrison, or any need of one, the land having been peace- ably acquired from the Indians. The house of Jolin Keniston 'at Greenland, however, was burned by the Indians, and he killed, Ap. 16,
1677. And there appears to have been one garrison at least, no doubt Neale's Garrison. In the Portsmouth records of 1692, among the accounts of ammunition furnished the various garrisons that year, mention is made of "17 lbs. of of powder and 18 lbs. of bullets to Capt. Nele, for Greenland." His house was on Heard's Neck, near the mouth of Winnicot river, on the upper side. The Portsmouth authorities ordered July 22, 1665, that Walter Neale's home lot should extend "from goodman hayins his house due north and by east unto Winicont Riuer, leaving a way for Capt. Champernoune between his houses." (Ports. Records.) Brew- ster's Rambles says the Weeks house in Greenland, one of the oldest houses in the state, " was evidently built as a sort of garrison." It was erected by Leonard Weeks, " over against " whose house a road was laid out in 1663. (Ports. Records.)
GREENLAND RIVER. This name is given on Merrill's map of Greenland, in 1806, to the tidal portion of Win- nicot river. It is mentioned Ap. 19, 1746, when Samuel Nutter conveyed to Ebenezer Johnson all right and title to half a tract of salt marsh and thatchbed, bounded northerly by Great Bay, easterly by Greenland river, and south by a creek parting said marsh from that of Matthias Haines. Thirty acres of land were laid out to Henry and Sylvanus Nock, June 29, 1702, being the divi-
1 This form of the Pierce name reminds one of the Feilding family of Great Britain. When one of its members, a peer of the realm, who retained the old usage of placing the e before the i asked his kinsman, Henry Fielding, the great novelist, why they wrote their names differently, the latter replied that he could not tell, unless because his own branch was the first that knew how to spell.
2 The editor of Mr. G. W. Tuttle's Historical Papers says there was anciently a cove or dock in the harbor of Dartmouth, England, called Greenland Dock-a name that must have been familiar to Capt. Champernowne, who undoubtedly gave it to his farm on Great Bay.
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Landmarks in Ancient Dover.
dend land belonging to their grand- father Tibbets' marsh, adjoining their marsh on the S. side of the Great bay, about half a mile to the westward of Greenland river. (Dover Records.) Thomas Roberts conveyed to Mark H. Wentworth, Ap. 20, 1750, his marsh, bounded northerly by Haines' marsh, and easterly and southerly by Greenland river.
The GULF. Mentioned the 30th, 6 mo., 1643, when 20 acres were granted Wm. Furber, " abutting upon a certain place called ye Gulfe." And again the same year mention is made of William ffurber's twenty acres of upland, lying north of the river Cochechoe, below ye falls, abut- ting on a certain place called ye Gulfe. These twenty acres were con- veyed to Thomas Nock July 2, 1657, -James Kid, Oct. 28, 1714, con- veyed to Job Clement 20 acres join- ing the Cochecho river at a place called the Gulf. This name is still retained. The Gulf is an enlarge- ment of the Cochecho river, just below the head of tide water.
GUPPY'S HILL. This hill is in Dover, on the Portland turnpike road. On the west side are Guppy's woods, formerly Paine's woods.
GUPPY'S POINT. This is the first point below St. Alban's cove, on the Newichawannock river. So named from James Guppey, who conveyed to James Philpot, Aug. 3, 1736, 30 acres of land in Dover, bounded northerly by the road from Fresh creek to St. Alban's Cove, easterly by Wm. Stiles' land, S. by Joseph Hussey's, and W. by that of Thomas Downs and Joseph Ricker ; being the place where said Guppey then lived. To his son Joseph he conveyed his
undivided eighth of Cochecho Point, bounded by the Cochecho and Newichawannock rivers and the path that led from Fresh Creek to St. Alban's cove. Joseph Guppy con- veyed part of his land, including Guppy's Point to Wm. Styles. This point was sold by Moses Styles to Judge Doe, who uses it for a family burial-place.
HALF-WAY SWAMP. Mentioned the 5th, 10 mo., 1652, when Wm. Wentworth had a grant of 40 acres of upland, northward of the Half way swamp, on the north side of John Heard's 40 acre lot, and so along the cart-way. And again March 10, 1665, when James Ord- way of Newbury, and wife Ann, con- veyed to Jolin Heard of Cochecho 20 acres granted him by the town of Dover, on the further side of the half way swamp going to the marsh of Cochecho aforesaid, joining on one side to ye cart path, and at ye other end by a freshet or swamp. This swamp, now drained, was south- west of Garrison Hill, on the west side of the old cartway, now the Garrison Hill road. It was so called because it was about halfway between Cochecho falls and the Great Cochecho marsh.
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