USA > New Hampshire > Cheshire County > Swanzey > The history of Swanzey, New Hampshire, from 1734 to 1890 > Part 14
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Benjamin Pomroy mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infan- try ; discharged for disability at Roanoke Island, N. C.
George Perkins mustered Jan. 2, 1864, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; deserted at Pittsburg, Pa., March 20, 1864.
Warren A. Pickering mustered Sept. 13, 1864, into 18th N. H. In- fantry ; mustered out Aug. 17, 1865.
Charles W. Philbrick mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. In- fantry ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
David Pelkey mustered Aug. 24, 1861, into 3d N. H. Infantry ; mustered out Aug. 23, 1864.
David Pelkey, 2d, mustered Feb. 23, 1865.
Charles S. Parks mustered Feb. 28, 1865, into 1st N. H. Heavy Artillery ; mustered out June 9, 1865.
Thomas R. Pearson mustered Oct. 5, 1863, into 5th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out May 17, 1865.
Albert B. Page mustered March 30, 1864, into 2nd N. H. Infantry.
Samuel S. Quinn enlisted into the three months' N. H. Infantry ; commissioned second lieutenant in 5th N. H. Infantry Oct. 12, 1861 ; first lieutenant Aug. 1, 1862 ; captain Dec. 17, 1862 ; resigned Feb. 17, 1863.
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Charles A. Quinn mustered into 5th N. H. Infantry Oct. 23, 1861 ; died of wounds received at the battle of Antietam Sept. 17, 1862.
Carlos Quinn mustered Sept. 17, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry ; dis- charged for disability Oct. 20, 1862.
Henry P. Read mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 15, 1864.
Samuel Rockwood mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infan- try ; discharged for disability Nov. 28, 1862 ; enlisted into Veteran Reserve Corps Jan. 1, 1864.
William Read enlisted into Veteran Reserve Corps Jan. 1, 1864.
George W. Robinson mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. In- fantry ; discharged for disability at Washington, D. C., May 18, 1863.
George B. Richardson mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. In- fantry ; discharged for disability at Newbern, N. C., Jan. 24, 1862.
Richard R. Ramsdell mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. In- fantry ; discharged Aug. 20, 1863.
Eli W. Reynolds mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; wagoner ; discharged for disability at Washington, D. C., Aug. 12, 1863.
William N. Ripley mustered Sept. 13, 1864, into 18th N. H. Infan- try.
Jolın Ryan mustered Dec. 14, 1864, into 3d N. H. Infantry ; mus- tered out July 20, 1865 ; substitute.
Edward Rogers mustered Dec. 27, 1864, into 3d N. H. Infantry ; mustered out July 20, 1865 ; substitute.
James Riley mustered Sept. 29, 1863, into 5th N. H. Infantry ; deserted at Point Lookout, M.I., Nov. 20, 1863.
Demeret Stone mustered Out. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. Infantry ; died at New Orleans, La., June 18, 1863.
Harvey Sargent mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out Aug. 20, 1863.
Charles Sebastian mustered May 31, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry.
Samuel Sebastian mustered May 31, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry ; discharged for disability July 29, 1861.
Louis W. Starkey enlisted into 12th N. Y. Heavy Artillery Aug. 15, 1864 ; discharged July 6, 1865.
Edward P. Sebastian mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. In- fantry ; discharged for disability at Washington, D. C., Nov. 12, 1862 ; mustered Feb. 28, 1865, into 18th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out July 29, 1865.
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John P. Stone mustered May 31, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry ; promoted to first sergeant Dec. 15, 1862 ; killed at Gettysburg, Penn., July 2, 1863.
Cyrus W. Stanley mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infan- try ; promoted to corporal ; wounded July 24, 1864; mustered out Nov. 27, 1864.
Isaac Starkey mustered Sept. 9, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.
Newell R. Smith mustered Dec. 5, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; died April 4, 1862.
Aaron B. Sumner mustered May 31, 1861, into 2d N. H. Infantry ; promoted to corporal Jan. 1, 1862, and to sergeant Jan. 10, 1864 ; mustered out June 21, 1864.
Samuel P. Stephenson mustered Oct. 23, 1862 ; discharged for dis- ability March 9, 1863.
Thomas Smith mustered Jan. 1, 1864, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; de- serted at Camp Nelson, Ky., Jan. 21, 1864.
John Stuart mustered Jan. 1, 1864, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; sup- posed to have deserted en route to regiment.
Charles Swardz mustered May 27, 1864, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; supposed to have deserted en route to regiment ; substitute.
Seamon A. Stone mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; captured at Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864 ; paroled Oct. 8, 1864; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Horace B. Starkey mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; discharged for disability at Manchester, N. H., Feb. 6, 1865.
William Sebastian mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; promoted to corporal ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
William W. Stone mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Charles E. Stephenson mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. In- fantry ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Charles W. Scott mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. Infan- try ; promoted to first sergeant ; mustered out Aug. 20, 1863.
George W. Sweetzer mustered into 18th N. H. Infantry Sept. 13, 1864 ; mustered out July 29, 1865.
Frederick E. Sebastian mustered Sept. 13, 1864, into 18th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out June 10, 1865.
Andrew Swan mustered Oct. 14, 1863, into 3d N. HI. Infantry ; mustered out July 17, 1865.
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Stillman L. Stone mustered Sept. 23, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; wounded severely Oct. 19, 1864; discharged at Manchester, N. H., July 4, 1865.
Frank Simpson mustered Oct. 5, 1863, into 5th N. H. Infantry ; discharged by order May 25, 1865 ; substitute.
Edward S. Stevens mustered Oct. 5, 1863, into 5th N. H Infantry ; promoted to corporal; wounded June 3, 1864; deserted from hos- pital Sept. 30, 1864 ; substitute.
William Scarlett mustered Dec. 27, 1864, into 4th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out Aug. 23, 1865 ; substitute.
Alonzo D. Sumner mustered Dec. 31, 1863, into Veteran Reserve Corps ; discharged for disability May 16, 1865.
Luther Smith mustered Aug. 15, 1862, into 9th N. H. Infantry ; wounded May 12, 1864 ; mustered out June 10, 1865.
John H. Streeter mustered Jan. 14, 1862, for Richmond, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; wounded May 6, 1864.
William H. Thorning mustered into 2d N. H. Infantry from Win-, chester May 31, 1861 ; mustered out June 21, 1864.
George T. Trowbridge mustered into 3d N. H. Infantry, Aug. 24, 1861 ; killed at Drury's Bluffs, Va., May 13, 1864.
Harvey Thompson mustered Jan. 1, 1864 ; died in Field Hospital at City Point, Va.
John S. Thayer mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out May 13, 1865.
Alonzo W. Tupper mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Willard E. Thatcher mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. In- fantry ; died of disease at Offutt's Cross Roads, Md., Jan. 3, 1863.
Dexter H. Thomas mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. In- fantry ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
John Thompson mustered Dec. 13, 1864 ; deserted en route to reg- iment ; substitute.
Peter Taylor mustered Aug. 5, 1864, into 14th N. H. Infantry ; supposed captured at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864 ; substitute.
Charles E. Town mustered Aug. 16, 1862, into 9th N. H. Infantry ; died near Petersburg, Va., Feb. 20, 1865.
Lysander F. Thompson was in the 53d Mass. Volunteers two and one-half years.
Oratus J. Verry mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out Aug. 20, 1863 ; mustered Sept. 27, 1864, into 18th N. H. Infantry ; promoted to corporal ; mustered out June 10, 1865.
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HISTORY OF SWANZEY.
Charles Wheeler enlisted into the regular army and has not been accounted for.
Nelson T. Woodward mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. HI. In- fantry ; mustered out Aug. 20, 1863.
Daniel E. Woodward mustered Oct, 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. In- fantry ; mustered ont Aug. 20, 1863.
Elliot Wright mnstered Dec. 3, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; died of disease at Alexandria, Va., Nov. 28, 1862; grave No. 510, National Cemetery, Alexandria, Va.
Gardner Wheeler mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; mustered out Nov. 27, 1864.
Sanford S. Wilber mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. II. Infan- try ; died at New Orleans, La., July 21, 1863.
John L. Winch mustered into 5th N. H. Infantry, Sept. 29, 1863, from Winchester ; mustered out May 12, 1865.
Noyes G. Wheeler mustered Oct. 23, 1862, into 16th N. H. Infan- try ; discharged, date not given.
Sexton W. Williams mustered Dec. 25, 1863, as a reënlisted vete- ran into 2d U. S. Sharpshooters ; wounded severely June 17, 1864, and died of the wound.
George P. Ward mustered Sept. 23, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Harrison R. Ward mustered Sept. 22, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; promoted to corporal March 1, 1865 ; mustered out July 8, 1865.
Lincoln Wheelock mustered Sept. 12, 1862, into 14th N. H. Infan- try.
Carroll D. Wright commissioned second lieutenant in 14th N. H. Infantry, Oct. 9, 1862 ; adjutant Sept. 20, 1863 ; colonel Dec. 6, 1864 ; honorably discharged, March 18, 1865.
Franklin C. Whitcomb mustered Oct 2, 1862, into 14th N. H. In- fantry ; wounded at the battle of Winchester; mustered out July 8, 1865.
John Q. A. Wilson mustered Sept. 13, 1864, into 18th N. H. In- fantry ; detailed a member of the regimental band ; mustered out June 10, 1865.
Jonas C. Waters mustered Sept. 13, 1864, into 18th N. H. Infan- try ; mustered out June 10, 1865.
John Welch mustered Oct. 8, 1863, into 3d N. H. Infantry ; sup- posed to have deserted en route to regiment; substitute. ,
James Weed mustered Dec. 9, 1864, into 3d N. H. Infantry ; pro-
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moted to corporal June 22, 1865 ; mustered out July 20, 1865 ; sub- stitute.
George Wilson mustered Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; discharged at Newbern, N. C.
John Wyllia mustered Oct. 5, 1863, into 5th N. H. Infantry ; pro- moted to corporal ; wounded June 16, 1864 ; substitute,
George G. Welch mustered Aug. 30, 1864, into 5th N. H. Infan- try ; died of disease in Field Hospital, City Point, Va., Dec. 5, 1864 ; substitute.
Joseph Woods mustered May 27, 1864, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; substitute.
James Williamson mustered July 30, 1864, into 14th N. H. Infan- try ; not officially accounted for ; substitute.
Lucius Whitcomb mustered from Fitzwilliam, Nov. 28, 1861, into 6th N. H. Infantry ; killed at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 29, 1862.
Leonard Whitcomb enlisted into 36th Mass. Volunteers in 1862; discharged after four months' service.
Andrew Whitcomb was in the Worcester Co. of the 6th Mass. reg- iment when it went through Baltimore; enlisted into the 7th R. I. Infantry ; out over two years ; wounded in thigh.
Lyman Whitcomb enlisted into the 7th R. I. Infantry ; killed in the second battle of Bull Run.
Park E. Wright had three years' service in Doubleday's Battery.
Charles Henry Wyman was in the 10th Vermont regiment four and one-half years ; detailed as a mounted orderly ; had one horse shot under him and had his sword shot from his belt.
One of the first measures of the Lower Ashuelot proprietors was to provide a "training field." They felt that their main reliance for pro- tection against the Indians was upon the citizen soldiery. The war- like attitude of the mother country towards France and some of the other European nations for years previous to this period could not but have firmly impressed them that all able-bodied young men should be trained for military service in order that they be prepared for such emergencies as were liable to occur at any time.
For a hundred years after the town was first settled most men per- formed the military duties required of them with alacrity. Such was the honor of a military title that the most aspiring sought the offices that conferred these titles. The early history of the town furnishes the best evidence that the men with military titles were the men upon whom were conferred most of the offices of civil administration.
In 1760 the militia of New Hampshire consisted of nine regiments of infantry and one of troops. At this time Cheshire county com-
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HISTORY OF SWANZEY.
prised what is now Cheshire and Sullivan, and the militia of the county was organized into one regiment. It was No. 6, and its colonel was Josiah Willard. Officers and men had experienced much military service the preceding years in the seven years' war.
No material change took place in the military organizations of New Hampshire from 1760 until after the declaration of independence. About this time important changes in the military system were made. The militia were divided into two classes : a training band and an alarm list.
"The Training Band was constituted of all the able-bodied male persons in the State from sixteen years old to fifty except certain per- sons in position and employment specified, and Negroes, Indians and Mulattoes."
"The Alarm List included all male persons from sixteen years of age to sixty-five not included in the Training Band and not exempted by the first section of the act. They were to serve in a separate corps, were subject to be called out of their towns by no officer under the rank of a colonel, and once in every six months they were to be called out by the captains of the companies belonging to the Training Band in the limits of which they resided, to have their arms and accouter- ments examined."
Each officer and private soldier was "to equip himself and be con- stantly provided with a good Fire Arm, good ramrod, a worm priming wire and brush, and a bayonet fitted to his gun, a scabbard and belt therefor and a cutting sword or a tomahawk or hatchet ; a pouch con- taining a cartridge-box that will hold fifteen rounds of cartridges, at least a hundred buck-shot, a jack-knife and tow for wadding, six flints, one pound of powder, forty leaden balls fitted to his gun, a knapsack and blanket, a canteen or wooden bottle sufficient to hold one quart."
. Each company was to muster eight times a year including the reg- imental muster. "Each town was to provide and deposit in some safe place for use in case of an aların a specified number of spades or shovels, axes and picks, and to provide arms and equipments for those unable to provide them for themselves, and parents, masters or guardians were to provide for those under their care."
Up to this time the militia of Cheshire county was included in one regiment. It was now divided into three : The towns of Swanzey, Richmond, Winchester, Hinsdale, Chesterfield, Westmoreland, Keene, Surry and Gilsum constituted one regiment. It, was No. 13, and Sam- uel Ashley of Winchester was its colonel. The number of men in the regiment was 1080.
When Colonel Ashley's regiment was called out in 1777, Joseph
THOMAS T. WETHERBEE.
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Hammond of Swanzey was its lieutenant colonel and Lieut. Elisha Whitcomb and Lieut. Samuel Wright also of Swanzey were upon Col. Ashley's staff.
On the 5th of September, 1792, the new constitution was adopted. This contained important provisions as to the militia. In the bill of rights it announced the truth that "a well-regulated militia is the proper, natural and sure defence of a State ;" and provided that the "general and field officers of the militia should be nominated and ap- pointed by the governor and council ; that the captains and subal- terns in the respective regiments shall be nominated and recom- mended by the field officers to the governor, who is to issue their commission immediately on receipt of such recommendation ; that "the governor of this State for the time being shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy, and all the military forces of the State by sea and land ;" " that no officer duly commissioned to command in the militia, shall be removed from his office but by address of both houses to the governor, or by fair trial in court-martial, pursuant to the laws of the State for the time being ;" that " the commanding officers of regiments shall appoint their adjutants and quartermasters ; tlie brig- adiers, their brigade majors ; the major generals, their aids ; the cap- tains and subalterns, their non-commissioned officers ;" and that the division of the militia into brigades, regiments and companies made in pursuance of the militia laws then in force should be considered as the proper division of the militia of the state until the same should be altered.
Under this constitution, new militia laws became necessary. By an act which was passed, the companies in the towns of Winchester, Rich- mond and Swanzey, formed a first battalion ; and the companies in the towns of Hinsdale and Chesterfield a second battalion and the two battalions formed the sixth regiment ; the sixth, fifteenth, six- teenth, twelfth and twentieth regiments formed the fifth brigade, and the fourth and fifth brigades formed the third division.
By this organization of the militia of tlie state there were twenty- seven regiments, six brigades and three divisions.
By an act passed Dec. 28, 1792, it was provided that all free able- bodied, white male citizens from eighteen to forty years of age should be enrolled ; that each commanding officer of a company should call out the same twice every year for inspection of arms and instruction in military discipline, and at such other times as he should think best, and that each commander of a battalion should call out his battalion once every year for the same purpose ; that there should be one stand-
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ard and one suit of regimental colors for each regiment, with appro- priate inscriptions at the expense of the state; that there should be a major general to each division, a brigadier to each brigade, a lieuten- ant colonel to each regiment, one major to each battalion, a captain, lieutenant, ensign, four sergeants, four corporals, one drummer and one fifer to each company ; and the regimental staff was to consist of an adjutant and quartermaster with the rank of lieutenant; a pay- master, surgeon, surgeon's mate, sergeant major, drum major and fife major ; that each battalion should have one company of grenadiers or light infantry, and each division should have one company of artillery.
The law required that important militia laws should be read at the head of each company at least once a year.
In 1795 the enrolment law was amended so as to include in the en- rolment those between the ages of sixteen and forty.
It was unlawful for any non-commissioned officer or private to fire a gun on the day or evening of muster in or near any public road, or any house, or on or near the place of parade without permission of a commissioned officer.
In 1796 Elisha Whitcomb was lieutenant colonel of the sixth regi- ment and Philemon Whitcomb major of the first battalion in the same regiment, both of Swanzey.
It was enacted June 18, 1805, that the captain of each company of artillery organized according to law receive out of the treasury fifty dollars for erecting a gun-house, that one cannon with carriage, har- ness and apparatus should be furnished each company of artillery, also music-money and a color ; that there should be at least a company of light infantry or grenadiers to each battalion; that there be not more than one company of cavalry to each regiment, and that such companies be furnished with music-money and colors ; that each com- pany in the state turn out for inspection of arms and military exer- cise on the last Wednesday of June annually, also annually in the month of August or September, and at such other times as the com- manding officers of companies should think proper, not exceeding four times in each year; that each regiment should be called out an- nually in the months of September or October, unless by permission of the brigadiers they should parade in battalion ; that suitable meats and drinks, or thirty-four cents in lieu thereof, should be furnished each non-commissioned officer and private within their several towns and places on regimental or battalion musters.
Philemon Whitcomb of Swanzey was major general of the third division of New Hampshire militia in 1810. That year the fifth bri-
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gade mustered in Swanzey, and was reviewed by General Whitcomb. Isaac Stratton, Esq., a number of years since, wrote the following article for publication in one of the local papers. Mr. Stratton at the time of this military display was but little more than three years old, but the muster was regarded by Swanzey people as an event of so much consequence that it was a theme of conversation for many suc- ceeding years, and the little ones of that day in after years became familiar with all its details.
"In the year 1810 the fifth brigade of Major General Philemon Whitcomb's division of New Hampshire militia mustered in Swanzey:
The people of Swanzey were much elated; fences were removed ; fields leveled on either side of the old common, making a broad field nearly two miles long and very level. At that time there were four old-style taverns on Swanzey plains near the muster field ; it was a nice location for a big muster. The occasion was blest with a beau- tiful autumn day. All of the regiments of the brigade were on the field promptly. There were several volunteer veteran companies on the parade, not a few of them were old Revolutionary soldiers. It was probably the greatest military display that ever took place in this part of the State. «Not less than four thousand men bore arms. There were a greater number of spectators than troops. Muster was the people's great holiday in those times. Every man, woman and child that was able to go must be there. Scores of booths were erected op- posite the lines, and within them were fiddling and dancing ; ginger- bread and strong drink were sold from them quite freely. The right of the brigade was graced with several large companies of cavalry, their scarlet coats and bear-skin caps looked warlike. The officers of the various regiments were familiar with their duty. The vast line was kept in most perfect order. The inspectors reported to the Gen- eral that almost every man was equipped as the law required. The General then reviewed the brigade (his two sons aids) with pride and admiration. The plan of the manœuvers and evolutions of the day was carried out in grand military style without mistakes or accidents.
The muster closed as was usual in those days with a grand sham fight. A large fort was thrown up at the base of Mt. Cæsar, a short distance west of the muster field, the mountain at that time being covered with a dense forest. Several tribes of sham Indians lay in ambush there. Soon after the fight commenced they rushed out and participated in the battle, their faces painted, and long black hair hanging down their backs, and their horrid yells produced an excite- ment that is unknown in these modern times. It was a reminder of
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HISTORY OF SWANZEY.
the trials of the first settlers of our country. The battle continued nearly an hour, both armies fought bravely, large numbers on either side were apparently killed and wounded. The Indians kept up their fiendish yells, apparently taking some scalps. For a time the is- sue seemed doubtful. The Americans held the fort and by a very in- genious flank movement overcame the pretended British and made prisoners of their entire force when the Indians fled to their native forest.
The physical forms of those stalwart men that made up this mili- tary display with their elastic limbs and martial steps have gradually gone down into the peaceful bosom of mother earth. The officers that rode their proud steeds have gone down into the shadowy ranks with their soldiers.
'What is glory, what is fame? A mere echo, a shadow, a name, A flower that blossoms for a day, A stream that hurries life away.'"
Samuel Dinsmore, sen., of Keene, was governor of New Hamp- shire in the years of 1831, 1832 and 1833.
When Mr. Dinsmore was governor there was a volunteer muster of the uniformed companies in the county at Keene.
There was at this time much interest taken in military displays by the people generally, and in nearly every town was a well-uniformed and well-drilled military company. Some of the large towns had two companies. In some of the small towns the whole militia of the town were uniformed and organized into one company.
The leading spirit in initiating the muster was James Wilson who at the time was captain of the Keene Light Infantry, and who subse- quently became major general in the New Hampshire militia and mem- ber of congress.
Of the companies present there were two cavalry, four artillery, a large number of light infantry, some uniformed infantry, and a num- ber of rifle companies. The acting colonel, lieutenant colonel, major and adjutant, were the commissioned colonels of four regiments. Amos Bennett of Richmond, colonel of the sixth regiment, was the senior officer in the commission and had the command.
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Governor Dinsmore reviewed the line and Adjutant General Low of the state militia made the inspection.
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