USA > New Jersey > Genealogical and memorial history of the state of New Jersey, Volume III > Part 43
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As a profound . scholar, philologist, and prolific author, Dr. Kalisch must always re- main best known to the learned world. He wrote numerous essays on religious and secular subjects, maintained and carried on extensive religious controversies in the Jew- ish press, both aggressive and defensive, with the orthodox and ultra-reform elements in
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Judaism, and wrote poems which appeared at frequent intervals in German newspapers and periodicals. His lecture on the "Source of all Civilization" attracted wide attention, and was reviewed by James Parton in the Atlantic Monthly (August, 1867) ; another on "Ancient and Modern Judaism" was not less notable; while still others of note were on "Divine Providence," "The Origin of Language and the Great Future of the English Tongue," "Jewish Ethics," and the "Life and Works of Moses Maimonides." He contributed a series of articles on the Talmud, "The Wine of the Bible," "All Christians Astray on Baptism," and kindred topicsm to the Christian Union, of which Henry Ward Beecher was then edi- tor ; and in various periodicals in this country published such essays as the "Origin of the Doctrine of Demons and Evil Spirits taught by Judaism and Christianity Illustrated," "Opinions on the Value of the Talmud by the Most Learned Christian Theologians," "On the Sphere of our Activity as Israelites," "The Old Biblical Doctrine of the Idea of God, On the Science of Education," together with criti- cal biographies of Moses Maimonides and Haftaly Hartewid Wesely. His "Wegweiser fuer rationelle Forschungen in den Biblischen Schriften," published in 1853, receiving the flattering notice of the German, English and French press. In this profound work he con- tends upon the basis of a critical examination of the New Testament Scriptures that all that is distinctive in Christianity is derived from Judaic doctrines and customs. In 1855, at the solicitation of Professor Gibbs, of Yale Col- lege, Dr. Kalisch deciphered the Phoenician inscription found at Sidon, Asia. His render- ing was read before the London Syro-Egyptian Society and published in the transactions of that society as preferable to the translations submitted about the same time by the Duc de Luynes, of Paris, E. C. Dietrich, of Marburg, Germany, and W. M. W. Turner. Dr. Kalisch published a splendid English translation of Lessing's "Nathan de Weise," and rendered the same service for the "Sepher Yezirah," the first philosophical book ever written in the Hebrew language. In connection with this last he also issued a "Sketch of the Talmud," in which he summarizes the results of fifty years of study.
Besides his rare learning and fecundity as a prose writer he was a poet of unusual powers. He possessed the extraordinary ability of cul- tivating the music in three languages, German, Hebrew and English. In 1865 his German poems to that date were collected in a volume
entitled "Sounds of the Orient" ("Toene des Morgen-Landes"). Such gems in this volume as "Die Mystiche Harfe," "Der Teufelstein," and "Gesicht der Seele," are unsurpassed of their kind. Of his Hebrew hymns many are to be found in the Reformed Hebrew Prayer Book. Another poem in Hebrew, read before the Cleveland Conference already referred to, has been pronounced a masterpiece. "After his death," we learn, "among his manuscripts was found a considerable collection of original Hebrew poems, tales and fables, and transla- tions from German and English poets into Hebrew, which have never found their way into print," Among his other published writ- ings may be mentioned his contributions to Talmudic Lexicography in the London Jewish Chronicle and Hebrew Observer, (March 22, 1867) and in the Judische Literatur Blatt (Mag- deburgh, Germany) ; English sermons which appeared in the Jewish Messenger on "Timely Words," in 1870, and on "Excellence of Judaism" in 1871 ; a series of "Exegetical Lec- tures on the Bible" (The Occident, Philadel- phia, 1851 and 1852) ; a series of "Contribu- tions on Philosophical Literature" (American Israelite, 1854 and 1855) "Prefatory Remarks to the Book of Esther" (1857) ; "The Book of Antiochus" (translated from the Hebrew, 1859) ; "A Disquisition Concerning the time of Composing the Accents of the Hebrew" (1863) ; "Hebrew Literature and Proselytism according to the Biblical Talmudical Laws" (1866); "Discourse on the Preference of the Mosaic Laws," as delivered by Rabbi Moses ben Nacham in 1263, before King Jacob, at Saragossa (translation 1866) ; "Contributions to the Jewish Liturgy" (1870) ; "Historical Researches-Who was Tryphon, mentioned by Justin the Martyr," etc. (1880) ; "Disquisition on some Liturgical Subjects," (1880) ; "The Value of the Hebrew Language" (1880) ; "Real Treasures of Earth" (1880).
Dr. Kalisch left five sons, of whom four- Leonard, Samuel, Abner and Burnham-be- came lawyers, and one, Albert, became a jour- nalist ; and a daughter, Mrs. Simon Wiener.
Samuel Kalisch, son of the Rev. Isidor Kalisch, D. D., was born in Cleveland, Ohio, April 18, 1851. He was educated under his father, and mastered Greek and Latin at the age of twelve. In 1869 he was graduated from the Columbia Law School with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He was admitted to the New Jersey bar as an attorney in February, 1871, and soon afterward began active practice in Newark, where he has since resided. In
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February, 1874, he was admitted to the bar as counselor.
Very soon after he began the practice of his profession, Mr. Kalisch came into prominence as one of the leading criminal lawyers in the state, and for many years held the foremost place in the department of legal practice. This, however, he' gradually abandoned, owing to the large increase of his civil business, consist- ing principally of damage cases against rail- roads ; yet he is still recognized as one of the ablest and most prominent criminal lawyers in New Jersey. Among his noted criminal cases may be mentioned that of Joseph Koer- ner, indicted for murder, whose acquittal he secured in 1878. He also successfully defend- ed Westbrook, of Newton, and Burke, Noonan and Dunn, of Union county ; and in 1880 se- cured a reversal in the supreme court in the judgment in the case of Dr. Gedicke. His eloquent pleading also resulted in a verdict of manslaughter in the seemingly hopeless case of George Stickert, "Fiddler" Smith, William Hoffman, John Weiss, Thomas Hefferan, and Wildinghaus. He carried the famous cases of James B. Graves and John Chisholm (the latter indicted for wife murder) through the higher courts before relinquishing his efforts. In his appeals to the higher courts he has been remarkably successful, often establishing pre- cedents and frequently surprising the bench by unearthing forgotten statutes. He was the first lawyer in the state of New Jersey to get a man out of state prison under a writ of habeas corpus.
In recent years Mr. Kalisch has devoted himself exclusively to important civil litiga- tions, a department in which his efforts have been no less notable and successful. He is counsel for many important interests. From 1877 to 1879 he was counsel for the American Protective Association, and in 1875 was elected corporation attorney for the city of Newark, filling the position with distinction. He was nominated for the New Jersey Assembly on the Democratic ticket in 1879 and was defeat- ed by a very narrow margin. Outside of his profession his tastes are distinctly literary, as were those of his father. In his study days he occupied himself considerably in journalism, both as editor and special writer, and is the author of poems, essays, sketches of travel, and other miscellany. He is the author of the memorial of Dr. Kalisch, published in 1886, an article on "Influence of Women on American Juries," "Up the Hudson," "Newark to Nash- ville," a poem, "Legend of the Talmud," and
many similar efforts. His series of articles on "Legal Abuses" are credited with having "led to the reform of the minor judiciary and the establishment of the district courts." His memorial volume of his father published in 1886, attracted wide attention in the religious world. He has gathered an extensive library, which, added to the valuable library inherited from his father, constitutes a notable collec- tion. To this he has added some of the rarest treasures of the bookmaking art, which he acquired in the course of his extensive travels abroad. He is president of the New Jersey State Bar Association, to which position he was elected in June, 1909, and he is also a member of the Society of Medical Jurispru- dence of New York and of the Grolier Club.
Hon. George Richards, bank- RICHARDS er, railroad president, mine operator, manufacturer and merchant, was born in Pottsville, Pennsyl- vania, in 1833, son of Henry Richards, a mine operator of that city. He received a common- school education and, being at an early age thrown upon his own resources, his eighteenth year found him employed in an iron mine at Hurdtown, New Jersey, operated by the Glen- don Iron Company, which had extensive inter- ests throughout northern New Jersey, as well as in Pennsylvania. It was at the Hurdtown mine that Mr. Richards laid the foundation for that practical knowledge which character- ized his subsequent endeavors, and it was not long before his close attention to the duties assigned to him received recognition at the hands of his employers, the logical result of which was his promotion from weighmaster to shift boss. This was at that time considered a position of great importance, yet it fell far short of the measure of young Richards's capacity, and his promotion to the office of superintendent, in 1853, before he had reached his majority, was a fitting acknowledgment of the remarkable energy and ability displayed. by him in the brief time he had been in the company's employ.
Not long after becoming superintendent, Mr. Richards was made manager of all the Glen- don Iron Company's mining interests in New Jersey, filling that position for upwards of forty years. But even the duties of this latter post, important as they were, were performed by him with perfect ease, and from time to time, as opportunity offered, he identified him- self with other ventures, or, to be more exact, other ventures were originated by him. For
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example, when machinery was needed in the operation of the mines, Mr. Richards estab- lished a company to build it, and the Morris County Machine and Iron Company sprang into existence with Mr. Richards as president ; lumber was required, and the Dover Lumber Company was formed, Mr. Richards being made its president. With this spirit of ex- pansion dominating him, it was but a step to organize the Dover Iron Company, to work up in part the product of the mines under his superintendency ; to organize various branch railroads for the transportation of ores, etc .; to organize a bank, which institution the multi- plication of mining, manufacturing and mer- cantile institutions made necessary ; until finally Mr. Richards's interests became diversi- fied to an almost incredible degree, as will be seen by a perusal of the following array of posts of usefulness of which he was simul- taneously the incumbent. He was president of the Dover Iron Company; the Dover & Rockaway Railroad Company; the Morris County Machine & Iron Company ; the Ogden Mine Railroad Company; the Hibernia Mine Railroad Company ; the Hibernia Underground Railroad Company ; the National Union Bank ; the Dover Lumber Company ; the Dover Print- ing Company ; and the George Richards Com- pany, controlling four of the largest stores in Dover. He was director in the following : Del- aware & Bound Brook Railroad Company ; East Tennessee & Western North Carolina Railroad Company; Cranberry Iron & Coal Company; Chester Iron Company; Ross & Baker Silk Mill, at Port Oram; the American Sheet Iron Company; and Lincolnton Lithia Water Company, of North Carolina. These varied interests made Mr. Richards the most prominent man identified with iron and other industries in northern New Jersey, and recog- nition of another kind followed as a matter of course.
In 1871 Mr. Richards was appointed state director of the United Railroads of New Jer- sey, his office being to supervise the vast trust funds of the state invested in those securities. During his term of office, the important ques- tion of the lease of these roads to the Pennsyl- vania Railroad arose, and Mr. Richards' posi- tion in the controversy, as state director, though at first decided adversely by Chancellor Zabriskie, was subsequently approved by the court of appeals. The point taken by him was that, under a somewhat blind act of the legislature, passed, however, for the purpose, it was not lawful for the old companies to
make the lease. The final decision rendered further legislation necessary. Mr. Richards labored earnestly against the efforts of the monopoly and its adherents, and not only com- passed their defeat but went much further, and the general railroad law now on the statute books, one of the most beneficient laws ever enacted by the New Jersey legislature, stands as a monument to the unremitting aggressive- ness and excellent generalship displayed by Mr. Richards in the great fight of the people against that erstwhile dominant monopoly, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.
Mr. Richards' political affiliations were strongly with the Republican party, and he was a member of the Republican state com- mittee from Morris county. In 1872 he was appointed master in chancery by Chancellor Abraham Zabriskie; in 1873 he was made notary public by Governor Joel Parker ; and in 1891 Governor Leon Abbett appointed him a member of the board of managers of the state lunatic asylums, and, although he was the only Republican on the board, his colleagues ac- corded to him the honor of being elected vice- president of the body. In 1894 the board was legislated out of office for the purpose of insti- tuting a non-partisan organization, and Mr. Richards was the only member of the old board who was honored with re-appointment by Governor Werts, officiating under the new regime as president. He was a member of the board of managers of the State Geological Survey, he was a life member of the Wash- ington Association of Morristown, also a life member of the New Jersey Historical Society. His interest in agricultural matters led him to become a member of the State Agricultural Society.
The marriage of Mr. Richards was solem- nized in 1860, when he was united in matri- mony to Miss Elizabeth Ann McCarty, of Morris county, by , whom he is survived, and they have one son, George Richards, Jr. George Richards died April 3, 1900, in New Orleans, Louisiana, and Mrs. Richards on March 4, 1899, in Dover; they are buried in Rocka- way, New Jersey.
Thomas Canfield, the first CANFIELD representative of the Can- field family here under con- sideration, was born in England, came to American about 1640, and settled in Milford, Connecticut, 1646, where his death occurred in 1689. His will was dated February 23, 1687- 88, and signed "Thomas Canphield Sen." He
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served in the militia during the Indian wars; was sergeant of train band; represented the town of Milford in the general court held at Hartford, Connecticut, October, 1673, Novem- ber, 1674, May and October, 1676-this was the legislature of Connecticut; was often ad- ministrator of estates. He married Phoebe Crane, of Wethersfield, Connecticut, before 1650. Children: Sarah, Phoebe, Mary, Eliz- abeth, Thomas, see forward; Jeremiah, Abi- gail, Hannah and Mehitable.
(II) Thomas, eldest son of Thomas and Phoebe (Crane) Canfield, was born at Mil- ford, Connecticut, October 14, 1654, died about August, 1689. He married, February 26, 1679, Rebecca Atkinson. Children : Thomas, born January 5, 1680, died December 1, 1760; Rebecca, born January 28, 1682, died October 22, 1731 ; Israel, see forward ; Phoebe, baptized May 29, 1687; Abiram, baptized January 5, 1689, died 1772.
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(III) Israel, second son of Thomas and Re- becca (Atkinson) Canfield, was born March 24, 1684, died May 19, 1744. He removed to Newark, New Jersey, about 1712, was a tan- ner by trade, prosperous and successful, and was prominent in the affairs of the commu- nity ; he was one of the pioneers in the leather business; he was the owner of large tracts of land ; he served as overseer of the poor, fence viewer, and many other responsible positions. He married Sarah Johnson. Children : Phoebe, born about 1716, died February 2, 1792; Thomas, born about 1717, died June 27, 1791 ; Hannah, born September 30, 1719, died April 3, 1760; David, died 1756; Ephraim, died about 1759; Israel, born February, 1728, died August 2, 1754; Abraham, see forward; Abi- gail; Sarah.
(IV) Abraham, fourth son of Israel and Sarah (Johnson) Canfield, was born about 1732, died July 29, 1789. He removed from Newark to the vicinity of Morristown, and later settled at New Vernon. He built a forge near Logansville, on the Passaic river, and here made iron from ore brought from Dicker- son mines in saddle bags, a distance of about thirteen miles. He was a large landowner, a merchant, and was an express rider, serving in the light horse cavalry in the revolutionary war. He married (first) Sarah Sealy ; (sec- ond) Sarah (Crane?). Children, all by first wife: I. Mary, born 1755, died about 1824. 2. Sarah, born July 26, 1757, died March 17, 1799. 3. Israel, born July 3, 1759, died Au- gust 27, 1841. 4. Hannah, baptized July 5, 1761, died September 18, 1825. 5. Isaac, bap-
tized July 17, 1763, died May I, 1822. 6. Jacob, born June 4, 1765, died January 20, 1838. 7. Abraham, baptized June 21, 1767, died August 28, 1811. 8. Abner, baptized March 19, 1769, died December 2, 1798. 9. Phoebe, born January 5, 1770, died September 25, 1804. 10. Anna, born January 20, 1772, died April 9, 1809. II. David Sealy, see for- ward.
(V) David Sealy, youngest son of Abra- ham and Sarah (Sealy) Canfield, born Febru- ary 24, 1774, died June 13, 1830. He was a merchant in Morristown in 1795, was also an iron worker, interested in mines, and conduct- ed a hotel. He married, October 2, 1796, Mary Dickerson, born September 18, 1778, died April 27, 1830. Children : Mahlon Dickerson, born November 26, 1798, died January 5, 1865 ; Augustus, born April 9, 1801, died April 18, 1854; Mary D., born May 26, 1803, died October 14, 1803; Caroline, born October 3, 1804, died February 6, 1830; Silas Dickerson, born July 2, 1807, died March 25, 1861 ; Fred- erick, see forward.
(VI) Frederick, youngest son of David Sealy and Mary (Dickerson) Canfield, was born May 15, 1810, died January 31, 1867. He removed from Morristown, New Jersey, his native town, to Ferro Monte, near Dover, when seven years of age. The place was locat- ed three miles southwest from Dover, and was originally named Suckasunny, the Indian name, from which was derived the name of a village two miles further west. He had charge of the Dickerson mines in Ferro Monte thirty- nine years. He was fond of natural history, and made a large collection of the minerals of Sussex county, New Jersey, which are on ex- hibition in two large rooms in the house built by himself at Ferro Monte, now owned and occupied by his son, Frederick A. Canfield, a beautiful place surrounded by magnificent trees and hedges. Among the collection may be seen the huge gems of the spinel family, true spinels, franklinites and dysluites, sharp-angled or modified, in specimens unequalled anywhere in quality, size and perfection of form. Jef- fersonite, the usual dark brown zinc pyroxene, is represented by several large groups of crystals distinct and fine looking. Calamine, distinguished in catalogues by the name of "maggot ore" is shown in fine large aggregates of white crystals. Garnets in several varieties, and green tourmalines and actinolite abound in choice crystallizations. Corundum crystals are shown in several forms, banded blue in color, and are either imbedded in the matrix or
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corroded out in relief. Zincite is imbedded in cleavages of limestone in the peculiarly fan- tastic forms this mineral so often assumes. The present owner's liking for the New Jersey minerals is manifested in the acquisition of a fine series of the later products of Sussex county, many of which he dug out or picked up himself at the mines. The terminated trans- parent micas, the beautiful pink fowlerites, glass-clear crystals of willemite, ruby zincites, and smaller but equally perfect crystals of many of the minerals names in the old collec- tion, supplement it perfectly. The West Pat- erson minerals are well represented, and among them is one prehnite showing the long square prisms, as fine and silky a natrolite as can be seen anywhere, and a series of splendid dato- lites. A rosette of rutile from Magnet Cove, is a perfect beauty. The quartz group, the calcites and fluors, fill several drawers, and many odd, rare and interesting forms were noticed. One large sceptre quartz, about nine inches long, labelled from Connecticut, is a wonderful example of the possibilities of the crystal formation of this mineral.
Frederick Canfield married, May 31, 1838, Julia Ann Halsey, born near Morristown, New Jersey, May 5, 1817, died February 25, 1901. Chil- dren : Louise Halsey, born August 5, 1839, died February 14, 1863 ; Mahlon Dickerson, born No- vember 19, 1840, died September 1, 1841 ; Au- gustus Cass, born May 4, 1842, died May 5, 1891; Edmund, born December 15, 1844, died December 26, 1884; Frederick Alexander, see forward.
(VII) Frederick Alexander, youngest son of Frederick and Julia Ann (Halsey) Canfield, was born at Ferro Monte, April 7, 1849. He at- tended a private school at Ferro Monte, a private school conducted by William Rankin at Chester, the Collegiate Institute at Newton, a school conducted by William Rankin at Mendham, Rutgers College at New Brunswick ( from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, 1870, and Master of Arts, 1873), School of Mines at Columbia Univer- sity, New York, from which he was graduated as Engineer of Mines in 1873. Since then he has practiced his profession in North and South America, and spent two years in Bolivia. He is compiler of "History of Minerals of New Jersey," published in volume ii, part 2, of "Final Report of the State Geologist," pub- lished 1889. In 1886 he discovered the fossil plants which determined the geological age of the famous mountain of silver, the "Cerro de
Potosi" in Bolivia, the greatest silver mine ever discovered. One species of these plants was named "Passiflora Canfieldi," it being new to science. A new mineral was named Canfieldite in his honor in 1894. He is a mem- ber of the Society of the Cincinnati in the State of New Jersey (New Jersey Division) ; the American Institute of Mining Engineers ; life member and trustee for ten years of the New Jersey Historical Society ; corresponding member of Brooklyn Institute; member of Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania ; secretary and treasurer of Ferro Monte Railroad Company; secretary and general manager of the Dickerson Suckasunny Mining Company ; president of Morris County Ma- chine & Iron Company ; and member of board of managers of State Geological Survey. He is a collector of minerals, as mentioned above, and has also written a genealogy of the Can- field family. He is a member of Zeta Psi (Rutgers College) and Sigma Xi, a scientific society of very high standing.
Augustus C. Canfield, brother of Frederick Alexander Canfield, was a graduate of the College of New Jersey, now Princeton Univer- sity, 1863, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and that of Master of Arts in 1866. He was admitted to the bar in 1867, and prac- ticed law in Morristown, New Jersey. He was elected to the assembly of New Jersey in 1870-71-72, and secured the passage of the general railroad law, important at the time, and was elected state senator from Morris county in 1877. He was one of the incor- porators of the Morris County Savings Bank, and manager of the same until his death. For many years he was secretary and manager of the Dickerson Suckasunny Mining Company, and secretary and treasurer of the Ferro Monte Railroad Company until his death. He com- piled and published a "Table of Distances be- tween towns in Morris county, New Jersey ;" this was done as a pastime.
Edmund Canfield, brother of Frederick Alexander Canfield, was a graduate of the Col- lege of New Jersey (now Princeton Univer- sity), receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1864 and Master of Arts in 1867. He pur- sued a special course in civil engineering at the Polytechnic Institute at Troy, New York, and served as civil engineer for some of the leading railroads in New Jersey, building many of the same. He was active in the manu- facture of iron in New Jersey and also in min- ing affairs.
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