USA > New Jersey > Genealogical and memorial history of the state of New Jersey, Volume III > Part 44
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85
iii-15
1074
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
(The Dickerson Line).
(I) Philemon Dickerson (old spelling Feli- man ), born in Suffolk, England, 1598, came to America in 1640, settling in Salem, Massachu- setts, and later at Southold, Long Island, where he died in 1672. He was a tanner by trade. He married Mary Payne, in Salem; children : Mary, Thomas, Elizabeth, Peter, see forward. (II) Peter, son of Philemon and Mary ( Payne) Dickerson, was born in Salem, bap- tized July 9, 1648, died at Southold, Long Island, March 15, 1722. He was a tanner by trade. He married Naomi Mapes; children : John, Thomas, see forward.
(III) Thomas, son of Peter and Naomi (Mapes) Dickerson, was born at Southold, Long Island, 1672, died July 12, 1725. He was a tanner and farmer. He married Abi- gail Reeve ; children : Thomas, Daniel, Joshua, Joseph, Abigail, Elizabeth and Peter. Thomas, Daniel, Joshua and Peter came to Morris coun- ty, New Jersey, about 1745.
(IV) Peter (2), son of Thomas and Abi- gail (Reeve) Dickerson, was born in Southold, Long Island, 1725, died in Morristown, New Jersey, May 10, 1780. He married (first) October 20, 1745, Ruth Coe, who bore him eight children; married (second) November 17, 1763, Sarah Armstrong, widow of John O'Hara, who bore him four children.
(V) Jonathan, eldest son of Peter and Ruth (Coe) Dickerson, was born September 20, 1747, died at Succasunna, November 7, 1805, and buried there. He was a millwright, build- ing forges and grist mills and running them. He was the first in the family to assume title to the land around the Dickerson mine prop- erty (1780). The Suckasunny Mine was held by many heirs, and in 1780 he began acquir- ing their interests. He worked the mine and sold ore to the forges for twenty miles around. He married, October 12, 1768, Mary Coe, who bore him eleven children.
(VI) Mahlon, son of Jonathan and Mary (Coe) Dickerson, was born April 17, 1770, at Morris Plains, New Jersey, died October 5, 1853, at Ferro Monte, New Jersey. He grad- uated from Princeton University in 1789, and was admitted to the bar in New Jersey, No- vember, 1793. He removed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1797, and practiced law there. He was elected councilman in 1802, in Phila- delphia ; appointed commissioner of bank- ruptcy by President Jefferson; appointed by Governor Kean, January, 1805, adjutant-gen- eral of Pennsylvania ; served as quartermaster general, and was recorder of city of Philadel-
phia. He resigned the latter office in October, 1810, and returned to Succasunna to develop the mining property which he had become pos- sessed of. He continued buying up the inter- ests where his father left off and obtained com- plete title to the mining properties. In 1811- 12-13 he was elected member of legislature from Morris county ; was appointed by legis- lature in 1813 justice of supreme court; was appointed reporter of the supreme court, but resigned February 9, 1814. He was made governor of New Jersey, October 26, 1815, elected by state legislature, and again made governor, October 28, 1816, without opposi- tion, the only governor that ever succeeded himself in New Jersey. He resigned as gov- ernor February 1, 1817, having been elected United States senator for six years beginning March 4, 1817. In 1822 he was again elected United States senator without opposition, office to expire in March, 1829. He was elected again the same year to the same office, his term expiring March 4, 1833, and he was elected to state legislature. He was appointed minister to Russia by President Jackson, May 20, 1834, but declined the honor. He was a great friend of President Jackson, and his name was spoken of for the office of vice-president of the United States. He was appointed secretary of the navy June 30, 1834, and held this cabinet posi- tion under President Jackson's administration, also a part of that of President Van Buren, after which he resigned and returned to pri- vate life. In September, 1840, he was appoint- ed by President Van Buren judge of the United States district court, state of New Jersey, but after six months he resigned and was succeed- ed by his brother, Philemon Dickerson. He was a member of the state constitutional con- vention in 1844, and was a very prominent member. In 1846-47 he was president of the American Institute of New York; honorary member of the New England Historic-Gene- alogical Society in 1848. He spoke several languages, and was a noted botanist. He was six feet two inches tall, and of fine physique.
Silas Dickerson, brother of General Mahlon Dickerson, born October 3, 1771, died January 7, 1807, was one of the first to make nails by machinery, and was killed by one of the nail machines at Stanhope, New Jersey. Philemon Dickerson, another brother of General Dicker- son, born June 26, 1788, died December 10, 1862, in Paterson, New Jersey, was governor of New Jersey in 1840, and the following year succeeded his brother, Mahlon Dickerson, as United States district judge, as aforemention-
1075
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
ed, and held that office until his death. He married Sidney Maria Stotesbury, April 13, 1816. One of their four children was Edward N. Dickerson, a leading lawyer in New York City, who had no superior as a patent attorney.
Michael Jansen Vreelandt, VREELAND the founder of the family of his name in America, left Broeckhuysen, in North Brabant, in the ship "Rensselaerwyck," October 1, 1636. He set- tled at what is now Greenbush, opposite Al- bany, as a "boereknecht" or farm servant, but soon gave this up in order to engage in the fur trade, in which it is said "he made his fortune in two years." The fur trade, however, was the prerogative of the Dutch West India Com- pany, and prohibited to private parties, conse- quently Michiel Jansen found himself in diffi- culty with the authorities, and removed to New Amsterdam before November 4, 1644, when he empowered Arent Van Curler to settle his accounts and differences with Patroon Van Rensselaer. In 1646 he settled in Communi- paw, on the bouwerie owned by Jan Evertsen Bout, and in 1647-49-50, he represented Pa- vonia in the Council of Nine, and joined his associates in their crusade against Governor Peter Stuyvesant. It was at his house that the journal of Van der Donck was seized, and it is supposed that the seizure was on information furnished by himself. July 26, 1649, he was one of the signers of the application for the first municipal government in New Nether- land. He was also the inventor and the in- augurator of the excise license system in New Jersey, his plan and petition being presented and granted June 15, 1654. On September 15, 1665, the Indians massacred every one in the Pavonia community except the family of Michael Jansen, which was obliged to take refuge in New Amsterdam; and there, because, he was "an old man with a heavy family" who had lost his all, he was allowed to open a tap- room November 22, 1655. In February, 1656, he was granted a lot in the city for the same reason, and February 21, 1657, he was ap- pointed one of the measurers of lime and grain. April 13, 1657, he was enrolled as one of the lesser burghers. January 22, 1658, he asked for permission to return to Communipaw, and three years later he was living there on his own farm in competence. He was one of the first magistrates of the new court at Bergen, and in December, 1662, he joined in the petition to the Governor for a minister of the Gospel, to whose support he pledged twenty-five florins.
He died in 1663. He married Fitje Hartmans. who died September 21, 1697. In October, 1679, the Labadists dined with her, and they have left this quaint record concerning her : "We found her a little pious, after the manner of the country, and you could discover that there was something of the Lord in her, but very much covered up and defiled." This is no light testimony to her religious attainments when we remember that it was given by two men who apparently looked on all mankind, save the small portion which accepted their own peculiar views, as destined to eternal dam- nation. Children: I. Claes, married, April 14, 1657, Annetje Maria Gerbrants. 2. Elias, married, August 30, 1665, Margrietje Jacobse Van Winckel. 3. Enoch, baptized October 26, 1649; died August 17, 1714; married (first) June 20, 1670, Dircksje Meyers, who died October 5, 1688; (second), October 23, 1693, Grietje Wessels, widow of Jan Janse Lande- dyck, who died November 20, 1697, and (third) January 13, 1704, Aagtje Van Hoorn. 4. Hartman, baptized October 1, 1651; died January 18, 1707 ; married, 1672, Metje, daugh- ter of Dirck Claese Braecke. 5. Johannis, re- ferred to below. 6. Cornelis, born June 3, 1660, died in May, 1727 ; married (first) May II, 1691, Neeltje, daughter of Dirck Claese Braecke, and (second), April 17, 1892, the widow of Lysbet Jacobs. 7. Jannetje, married Dirck Teunissen Van Vechten. 8. Pryntje, died April 21, 1711 ; married, March 25, 1688, Andries Claesen.
(II) Johannis, son of Michiel Jansen Vree- landt and Fitje Hartmans, was baptized in New Amsterdam, October 1, 1656, and died in Communipaw, June 26, 1713. He married, May 14, 1682, Claesje, daughter of Dirck Claese Braecke and Neeltje Jacobs, making himself by this marriage the third son of Michiel Jansen to become son-in-law to Dirck Claese. His father-in-law was patentee of Cavan Point and Stony Point, and about 1646 held a lease of the island of Hoboken, and he was one of the commissioners to fortify Communipaw in 1663. Children: 1. Michael, born September 14, 1684; died January 27, 1710. 2. Dirck, baptized October 1I, 1686; married, May, 1717, Fitje Dirckse Banta. 3. Fitje, baptized October 28, 1688; died unmar- ried, January 27, 1710. 4. Enoch, baptized October 28, 1688; married Mercy -. 5. Aagtje, baptized April 22, 1690 ; married, April 19, 1711, Cornelis Helmigsen Van Houten. 6. Helena, died March 15, 1774; married June 17, 1719, Johannis Helmigsen Van Houten. 7.
1
1076
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
Jannetje, married December 21, 1716, Martin Winne. 8. Elias, referred to below. 9. Jo- hannis, born July 1, 1705; died February II, 1783; married, 1726, Antje Dietrichs. Sev- eral other children.
(III) Elias, son of Johannis and Claesje Dirckse (Braecke) Vreelandt, died between 1767 and 1775. He removed to Weasel, Sus- sex county. He married, May II, 1723, Maritje Van Hoorn. Children: Johannis, referred to below; Neeltje, married Dirck Van Riper ; Claesje, married Van Riper ; Jannetje, married - Drummond.
(IV) Johannis (2), son of Elias and Maritje (Van Hoorn) Vreelandt, was born August 30, 1730, and died before October 29, 1770, when letters of administration on his estate were granted to his father. He married, about 1754, Aefje Terhune. Children: Isaac, born Janu- ary 21, 1755; Johannis, baptized June 20, 1756; Tryntje, baptized November 13, 1757; Abraham, referred to below ; Petrus, baptized May 3, 1761 ; Jacob, born November 1, 1765; Elias.
(V) Abraham, son of Johannis (2) and Aefje (Terhune) Vreelandt, was born on the farm in Pollifly (now Hasbrouck Heights) to which his father had removed on his marriage, it being a part of his wife's dower, June 9, 1759, and died there August 17, 1826. During the revolution he enlisted as a private in the Bergen county militia and rose to the rank of sergeant. He inherited the homestead of about one hundred and forty acres near his mother's old home. He was one of the most prosper- ous gentlemen farmers of that region, and among his numerous slaves were the famous Ceasar Berry and his wife Phebe and their ten children. He married, December 2, 1786, Rachel Ackerman, born September 25, 1756. Children: John, born August 6, 1789, died January 13, 1798; Amy, February 2, 1793, died January 27, 1798; Eve, born August 15, 1795, died May 22, 1796; John, born August 4, 1798, died March 16, 1832; Lawrence, referred to below.
(VI) Lawrence Vreeland, son of Abraham and Rachel (Ackerman) Vreelandt, was born in the Pollifly homestead, June 6, 1803, and died at Secaucus, Hudson county, New Jersey, March 19, 1855. He received his early education in the district school, where he was an apt and studious pupil. His love for music was very marked, and he became a proficient musician, performing on several different instruments. As his father's heir he inherited the homestead, and in early manhood after his father's death
he took up farming with his young wife. After some years he exchanged the old farm for another of one hundred and forty-five acres in Secaucus, known as the Beddell estate, in a neighborhood where game at that time was plentiful, and where being fond of rod and gun he gave up much time to the sport. It is said that his reason for making the exchange of farm properties was that the new place afforded him the best shooting in the country. He kept a pack of the best hounds in the state. With the assistance of his boys and his former slaves, all of whom he had liberated, he culti- vated his many acres and was very successful as a fruit grower, having three large orchards of apples and peaches which yielded him a handsome yearly income. He also raised the common crops, kept a herd of twenty cows, and sold his milk in New York City. He add- ed fifteen acres to the original property, buy- ing from Howard Van Duyne. He took a contract to build a section of the Morris and Essex canal, and another to build a section of the Long Island railroad and various railroad bridges, among which were the Morris and Essex bridge and the Erie railroad bridge. He was associated with ex-Mayor Selah Hill, of Jersey City, in many of these enterprises. Most of the piles in the construction of the bridges he furnished from his own woodland, and he also contributed lumber towards the building of the Baptist church at New Durham, being one of the organizers of this society and a deacon of it until his death. He also served as chorister. He was the leading man in his community, being often sought to fill office. He was a true Jacksonian Democrat, and his influence and power were always felt in polit- ical circles. For many years he was assessor and president of the board of school trustees, and often served on the grand jury. He was a constant reader of the Bible and a deep thinker thereon, and reared his children under Christian influences. He was the true type of the country gentleman, courteous to all, and possessing a charitable heart to all. It is said he never turned an unfortunate away from his door. In his early days he was an officer in the local military company. He married (first) November 18, 1822, Mary, born September 15, 1803. died May 17, 1839, daughter of Abel and Jane (Lozier ) Smith. Her father was born Sep- tember 20, 1776, and died in 1841, and had charge of the Erie bridge at the Hackensack river. Her mother was born March 4, 1786, and died May 5, 1826. He married (second), July 18, 1840, Eliza L., born September 15, 1815, died Janu-
1077
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
ary 21, 1888, daughter of Conelius L. Mande- ville. Children, eight by first marriage: I. Rachel Ann, born July 13, 1823, died May 24, 1837. 2. Jane Lozier, born March 7, 1825, died June 2, 1898; married Andrew Anderson. 3. Abraham Lawrence, born May 31, 1827, died December 12, 1863. 4. Smith, born May 3, 1829, died in February, 1861 ; married Eliza Outwater ; children: Jacob and Lawrence. 5. John Lawrence, born November 18, 1831; married (first) February 4, 1857, Louisa Park- er ; (second) September 26, 1877, Esther A. De Shon; child: Persis May, born June 24, 1878. 6. Jacob Henry, referred to below. 7. Chester, M. D., born February 18, 1837, died in March, 1889 ; married (first) Celia Parker ; (second) Mary Jerome. 8. Sophronia, died in April, 1863 ; married John Middleton Mande- ville ; children : Frank, married Jennie
and had Lawrence and Helen ; and John Law- rence, married Margaret -. 9. Lawrence, born September 25, 1842. 10. George Wash- ington, born February 22, 1845, died October 31, 1909 ; married, December 21, 1869, Melissa Zabriskie; child: George Washington (2) born August 28, 1870, married July 26, 1892, Catharine Winters, and has Ethel Lucile, born June 3, 1893, Dorothy Winters, July 7, 1899, and Grace Elizabeth, August II, 190I. II. Henry Mandeville, born May 22, 1847; mar- ried (first) March 25, 1868, Lucy A. San- son ; (second) Ida Harman; children, three by first marriage: Cornelius, married Anna Gates and has George; Mary Lydia; Grant; Turner; and Nellie, married, and has two children. 12. Cornelius, born June 22, 1849. died November 2, 1895. 13. Franklin Pierce, born December 8, 1852, died June 16, 1863.
(VII) Jacob Henry, son of Lawrence and Mary (Smith) Vreeland, was born at Secau- c11s, Bergen county, New Jersey, August 16, 1834, and died May II, 1910. He was reared on his father's farm, attended the district school, and later, with his brother, John L. Vreeland, was placed under the renowned in- structor William P. Wilson. When he was six- teen years of age young Jacob Henry was apprenticed to Hogg & Delameter, builders of marine engines, at foot of West Thirteenth street, New York City, to be taught the trade of machinist. The firm also built sugar re- fining machinery. After the completion of his apprenticeship, when he came of age, he re- mained with his old masters for a year longer, and then accepted a responsible position in charge of repairs for the Collins Steamship Company, refitting and repairing the machin-
ery of the different ships of their line. He re- mained with this company until it went out of business, when he took a position with the Singer Manufacturing Company, Broadway and Grand streets, New York City. He was subsequently transferred to the Albany office of the same firm, where he became superin- tendent of repairs in the Troy, Albany, Cohoes and Schenectady offices, a position which he retained until about 1860, when he was trans- ferred to the company's offices at Richmond, Virginia, remaining there until that state se- ceded from the Union at the outbreak of the civil war, when the company was obliged to close up their business in the south, owing to the opposition of the people there to all north- ern products. Mr. Vreeland returned to his New Jersey home and conducted a stage route from West Hoboken to the Hoboken ferry for about a year, and then took a contract for installing engines in the William M. Brood steamers plying between Perth Amboy and New York City. In 1864 he was engaged as machinist in the Erie railroad shops, and after six months, by his strict attention to the needs of his department, he was given a position of greater responsibility and remuneration, tak- ing charge of the different departments. About 1875 he was promoted to the position of master mechanic of the eastern division and its branches, a position he held for about four- teen years. During this period Mr. Vreeland perfected his hydraulic jack with transverse pit, so that, in engine repairing, the large driv- ing wheels of a locomotive could be removed without raising the body of the engine. He then built and sold his invention. After resign- ing his position with the Erie railroad he was superintendent of the Beale Steam Brake Com- pany, and during this interval organized the Rutherford Gas Company, acting as its presi- dent for two years. He subsequently engaged in the grocery and delicatessen business with his son Walter A. Vreeland, at the corner of Ames and Park streets, Rutherford. He then bought this building, and later sold his interest to Johnson Decker, and still later his store property. Mr. Vreeland has been retired from active business for eight years, and in the latter years has attended to his property interests at Rutherford.
He and Mrs. Vreeland are communicants of Grace Protestant Episcopal Church, Ruther- ford, of which he is an ex-vestryman. He was one of the organizers of the mission at East Rutherford, and was the principal contributor to the building of the chapel now located on Boiling
1078
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
Springs avenue. In politics Mr. Vreeland is a Re- publican as to national issues, but a conservative independent as to local ones. He has served as tax collector and councilman, was president of the school board fifteen years, and has been road commissioner for a number of years. He was one of the organizers and a charter mem- ber of Boiling Springs Lodge, No. 152, F. and A. M., of New Jersey, and served as its first worshipful master, 1881-83. He is also a member of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of New Jersey. He is chairman of the present building committee of the new lodge building soon to be erected on the lot on Park avenue, Rutherford. He was formerly a member of the United Friends and the North Western Masonic Association, and is a mem- ber of the Bergen County Historical Society. At one time he was a director of the White Line Traction Company which ran between Paterson and Hoboken.
He married in the town of Union, October 24, 1859, Mary Frances, daughter of Nathan and Henrietta Louisa (Dunham) Ferrill, who was born August 9, 1836. Her father, a con- tractor, builder and extensive real estate dealer in Brooklyn, New York, was born July II, 1808, and died February 5, 1861. Her mother was born June 25, 1815, and died February 6, 1887. Children: 1. John Lawrence, born September 9, 1860, died March 18, 1880; he was killed in the Jersey City depot, and was at the time of his death studying law with Senator William A. Brinckerhoff. 2. Marga- retta, born May 23, died June 27, 1862. 3. Irving Douglass, born May 23, died July 15, 1863. 4. Jane Lozier, born July 6, 1864; mar- ried, August 13, 1884, George Tisdale Holmes, born July 9, 1863; children: Chester Vree- land Holmes, born August 8, 1885; Anita Henrietta Holmes, December 26, 1886, died December 12, 1904; Wilson Love Holmes, born August 12, 1888; Charles Clinton Holmes, March 23, 1891. 5. Henrietta Louise, born April 1, 1866; married April 18, 1894, William Clarence Talman ; children : Mary Genevieve Talman, born May 10, 1895; William Vree- land Talman, May 28, 1901. 6. Mary Eugenia, born December 30, 1867; married, June 26, 1900, Samuel Dempster ; child: Francis Vree- land Dempster, born June 16, 1903. 7. Walter Abraham, born May 2, 1870 ; married, Novem- ber II, 1896, Ella Frances Kline, born August 19, 1816, died March 10, 1910; children : Adele May, born August 17, 1897; Jacob Henry, January 16, 1903. 8. Anna Rachel, born March 16, 1872; married, September 8, 1897, Charles
Fletcher Hallet; children: Charles Vreeland Hallett, born November 15, 1899; Florence Mary, July 7, 1909. 9. Charles Nathan, born January 9, 1874, died May 7, 1876.
HUNT Thomas Hunt, the first member of this family of whom we have definite information, was born in Stillwater township, Sussex county, New Jer- sey, November 10, 1785, and died in Sandiston township, same county, in October, 1856. He was probably a brother or cousin to Dr. David Hunt, of Sussex county, son of Lieutenant Richard and Mercy (Hull) Hunt, who was born in 1776 and died March 2, 1831, and mar- ried, in November, 1800, Sarah, daughter of John and Margaretta (Schaeffer) Roy. Thomas Hunt married, August 25, 1812, Re- becca Turner, born in Sussex county, New Jersey, January 10, 1790, died in Newark, New Jersey, May 19, 1846. She was prob- ably a sister to the Richard and Margaret Turner who married respectively Margaret and Isaac, children of Peter Bernhardt and Elizabeth (Simpson) Shaver. Children: I. Elizabeth, born December 27, 1813; died De- cember 27, 1892 ; married (first) Henry Miles, (second) William G. Gardner. 2. Dorcas Maria, born January 7, 1815 ; still living ; mar- ried Henry Hopper. 3. Samuel, born Sep- tember II, 1816; died in infancy. 4. Abra- ham, born August 27, 1817, died August II, 1822. 5. Isaac Schaeffer, born November I, 1819; died 1876; married Sarah Ann Fleming ; was a physician. 6. Thomas C., born January 19, 1822; died February 1, 1894; married Mary Mattock. 7. Margaret Turner, born Feb- ruary 23, 1824 ; died October 18, 1906, married William Pask. 8. Robert Watson, born No- vember 19, 1829; died 1900; married Sarah Mann. 9. Schuyler Halsey, born January 10, 1831, died May, 1895; married Jane Roland. IO. Daniel Dosten, referred to below. II. Richard Erwin, referred to below.
(II) Daniel Dosten, son of Thomas and Re- becca (Turner) Hunt, was born in Sussex county, New Jersey, February 7, 1833, and died in Newark, New Jersey, in April, 1872. While still a young man he left home, and com- ing to Newark, started in to learn the con- tractor's and builder's trade, in which he later spent his life successfully and prosperously. He was a member of Kane Lodge, F. and A. M., of Newark, and was for some years one of the school commissioners of the city. He married Elizabeth Scott, born in New York City, October 21, 1841, died in Newark, in 1908,
1079
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
daughter of John and Elizabeth (Scott) Mc- Donald. Her parents were natives of Dundee, Scotland, who emigrated to America in 1842. Her father was a baker and confectioner, and was the first pie baker in Newark. Children : Margaret Turner, born October 5, 1861, mar- ried Walter Mockridge; Frank Sutherland, re- ferred to below ; Daniel Dosten (2), born Jan- uary 28, 1868, died aged two and one-half years of age.
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.