USA > New Jersey > Hudson County > Jersey City > History of Jersey City, N.J. : a record of its early settlement and corporate progress, sketches of the towns and cities that were absorbed in the growth of the present municipality, its business, finance, manufactures and form of government, with some notice of the men who built the city > Part 24
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There have been several changes in the board of trustees. In April, 1891, Mr. Heppen- heimer resigned, and Robert J. MeMillan was appointed to succeed him. Mr. Murray's term expired the same year, and Stephen L. Harvey was appointed in his stead. Mr. Haskell's term expired in 1892, and Mr. Edge's in 1893. Both were reappointed. Mr. McMillan's term ex- pired in 1894, and he found his duties so exacting that he did not desire reappointment. Mr. Murray, one of the original board, was reappointed in his place. The board at present consists of : President, L. J. Gordon ; treasurer, Nelson J. H. Edge ; Stephen L. Harvey, Charles S. Haskell and Michael Murray, with George Watson Cole, secretary and librarian. Mayor P. F. Wanser and School Superintendent Snyder are ex-officio members. The trustees have suc- ceeded in making the Jersey City library give a larger return for the money than any other library in the United States. They have also accumulated a reserve fund of nearly $30,000 toward the erection of a library building.
The statistics are compiled annually up to December 1. The latest available are for the year 1893. During that year 7,880 books and 146 pamphlets had been added to catalogue mak- ing a total of 38,725 volumes and 1,411 pamphlets. By September, 1894, the number of volumes had increased to 42,667. During 1893 there were 336,887 books circulated for home reading, of which 183,814 were sent out through the delivery stations. There had been 83,747 persons who made use of the reading room during the year, which was an increase of 11,963 over the pre- ceding year. There were 4, 174 books called for in the reference room. The Sunday circula- tion for home reading was 5,578, and the visitors to the reading-room on Sundays was 7,031. The library has outgrown its quarters.
HASBROUCK'S INSTITUTE.
In the early days of Van Vorst township the only school for boys was in what is now Third Street, between Erie and Grove streets. It was a long distance for boys to go from the lower section of the township, and the only alternative was to go to the Grand Street school in Jersey City. That could only be reached by way of Grove Street and Newark Avenue. To afford school facilities convenient for residents of the lower section of the town, Cornelius Van Vorst built a one-story frame building in the centre of two lots on the south side of Mercer Street, near Barrow. There a school for boys was opened. It was a pay school and accommodated twenty-five pupils. After a few years the teacher found a more lucrative field, and a number of influential citizens united in requesting Washington Hasbrouck, of Newburgh, N. Y., to ahandon a school in Yonkers, and take charge of the little school to prepare boys there for col- lege. During the first two years Mr. Hasbrouck taught almost alone. Rev. P. D. Van Cleef. the pastor of the Wayne Street Reformed Church, aided by giving instruction in Greek and Latin, but the school was practically for a single class under the direction of an individual teacher. It was popular and successful. Parents had to apply weeks before terms opened to secure admission for their boys. By utilizing the platform and crowding it had been possible to admit forty boys. The pressure for admittance, and the cramped quarters caused Mr. Has-
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brouck to lease the Lyceum building at 109 Grand Street in 1866. Van Vorst was Jersey City then, and the street were all connected. In May, 1866, the Institute was opened with sixty- seven boys as pupils. Peter Hasbrouck became vice-principal, new classes were formed and more teachers were required. The school grew in size and public esteem.
In 1876 Washington Hasbrouck was chosen principal of the State Normal School at Tren- ton. The death of his brother Peter and other causes moved him to accept, after having devoted twenty years to building up a popular and profitable school. Henry C. Miller and Charles C. Stimets, at that time instructors in the Normal School, purchased the institute and remodelled it for more extensive educational work. In 1877 Horace C. Wait became connected with the school, and is now one of the proprietors and vice-principal. James Hoffman and E. H. Clark were added to the faculty, making five male teachers. Their ability soon became manifest, and the school increased rapidly. In 1880 Mr. Miller withdrew, and the faculty was increased. The popularity of the school caused many parents to request the principal to add a girls' depart-
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ment, and it was done. The growth of the school had made the Lyceum building too small, and adjoining buildings were leased and connected with it. Schools of music and art were added in time, and special instructors were obtained for these branches. In 1892 the school had grown too large for the buildings. The Bonnell estate, on Crescent, Harrison and Com- munipaw avenues, was purchased, and there the present institute was ereeted. It is now the largest and most successful private school in the State. It has been a growth produced by the needs of the people. Half a century ago a small school that would accommodate twenty-five. it is now a modern school equipped with everything required for advanced education and at- tended by about five hundred students. It has a large corps of teachers, and has had many who have gone out from it, among whom are Doctors Hoffman, Parsons and Blanchard, now practising physicians in the city. Prof. Henry Frye, who is still in the faculty, has been there many years, and has a warm place in the memory of the alumni. Miss Carrie S. Stow, the first superintendent in the girls' department, Miss Jennie C. Drake, her successor, and Miss May Florence Park, the third in the position, have been women of skill and ability. Prof. Victor Baier has been superintendent of the school of music since it was opened. Mr. Stimets still remains in charge as principal, and Mr. Wait as vice-principal.
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THE HOME OF THE HOMELESS.
The Home of the Homeless was established March 31, 1883, by Mrs. H. M. Dunning, Mrs. W. Dear and Mrs. S. A. Chamberlain, who saw the necessity that existed for an institution that should give temporary assistance to indigent women, aid them in the support of their children, help them to find work, caring for the children while the mothers were at work, and so render them efficient help in the work of keeping their families together, while the home stood ready to assume the support and education of children in cases of necessity and utter destitution.
This pioneer home was established in a small house at No. 165 Cole Street, whence, in May of the following year, it was removed to No. 252 Ninth Street, Jersey City. The work of the home increased greatly, and many demands were made upon it for assistance that largely exceeded its accommodation. To secure greater permanence, wider usefulness and increased confidence, it was incorporated under the State law on October 28, 1885, the incorporators being : Z. K. Pangborn, William Hanks, Dr. William Durrie, T. M. Gopsill, Joseph A. Dear, F. W. Pangborn, Walter Dear, G. H. White, Mrs. H. M. Dunning, Mrs. M. Thom, Mrs. Ellen Cockein and Mrs. W. Dear, who, in accordance with the law, were the first directors of the home. A Board of Lady Managers to take charge of the domestie affairs of the home was subse- quently appointed, of which Mrs. J. T. Richards was elected president ; Mrs. J. A. Dear, viee- president ; Mrs. J. S. Richardson, treasurer; Miss E. Williams, corresponding secretary, and Miss L. C. Richardson, secretary.
In 1887 it was decided that the Home of the Homeless should truly have a home of its own, and, after much consideration, the property known as the Neilson Homestead, at No. 266 Grove Street, possessing frontage of 160 feet and depth of about 150 feet, was purchased, and possession taken of the same on April 1, 1888. Since then the home has proved a shelter to hundreds of children and some destitute women.
The roof of the old building has been raised, providing large, well ventilated dormitories on the top floor ; a large rear extension has been erected, affording room for laundry, store- room, play-room for the children and proper closets on the ground floor; a spacious hospital and sleeping rooms for the help, beside a dining-room for the matron and officers of the home on the main floor have been provided. The home has now accommodations, in case of neces- sity, for one hundred children.
The directors and officers for 1895 are : J. W. Dusenbury, president ; W. Dear, Wm. Reed and C. A. Holbrook, vice-presidents ; L. H. Apgar, J. H. Frye, Dr. P. J. Koonz, A. J New- berry, Geo. Tennant, Thos. M. Gopsill, treasurer ; Joseph A. Dear, secretary.
The officers of the Board of Lady Managers are : Mrs. J. Anness, president ; Mrs. J. W. Dusenbury, Mrs. L. H. Apgar, vice-presidents ; Mrs. P. S. Van Winkle, treasurer : Miss L. R. Darling, recording secretary, and Miss M. L. Jacobs, corresponding secretary.
Medical Staff : Drs. J. B. Craig, J. Lochner and Jas. Hoffman.
During the last three years, by the kindness of the authorities of the Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association and J. A. Bradley. Esq., of Asbury Park, the children have been enabled to spend the months of July and August at the seaside.
The last report of the home showed a total income of about $4.500, and expenditure for interest, repairs, summer excursion, provisions and salaries of about $4,300. It is doubtful if any institution is able to show a larger amount of good accomplished for the money expended than the Home of the Homeless.
CHILDREN'S FRIEND SOCIETY.
One dreary December day in 1863, two motherless little ones were driven into the Jersey City streets by a brutal, drunken father. They were found at midnight asleep in a wagon. clasped in each other's arms. Out of that pathetic incident the movement grew which provided the Children's Home. Rev. Dr. R. L. Dashiell, then pastor of the Trinity M. E. Church, and James Gopsill, subsequently Mayor of Jersey City, took the initiative in the movement. A meeting was held in the residence of Dr. Dashiell, on January 7, 1864, to devise a plan for pro- viding a home. There were present at this meeting : Dr. Dashiell, James Gopsill, A. H. Wallis, J. A. Kingsbury, John W. Schanek, A. S. Hatch and E. F. C. Young. Mr. Wallis was elected chairman, and Mr. Young, secretary. The first result of the meeting was the passage by the
HOME OF THE HOMELESS, JERSEY CITY.
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legislature, on March 22, 1864, of an act of incorporation. The corporators named in the act were : John Armstrong, Edward F. C. Young, Charles E. Gregory, Alexander H. Wallis, Michael Lienau, Elias B. Bishop, Jr., Benjamin G. Clark, James Gopsill, John Olendorf, John A. Kingsbury, John W. Sehanck, Theodore F. Randolph, Jacob R. Schuyler, Abraham Hooley, Jr., John H. Carnes, James A. Williamson, Alfrederick S. Hatch, John Owen Ronse, Joseph Colgate, Edgar B. Wakeman and Hampton B. Coursen.
On April 1, 1864. the society bonght an old homestead at the southeast corner of Erie Street and Pavonia Avenne for $14,000 and established the Children's Home there. The first officers were elected at a meeting held April 2, 1864; they were : A. H. Wallis, president ; John Armstrong, first vice-president ; Benjamin G. Clarke, second vice-president ; E. F. C. Young, secretary and James Gopsill, treasurer. The first meeting in the home was held November 5, 1864. The first inmates were admitted on November 11, 1864. Mrs. E. Hoagland was appointed matron. She resigned in 1873 and Mrs. M. A. Lockwood was appointed. She served until June, 1875, when she was succeeded by Mrs. Sarah B. Winchester, who has con- tinned during more than nineteen years in charge of a family of boys and girls that averages about fifty in number. Miss Maria L. Carnes was for 29 years the school teacher, but the children now attend the public school. In 1874 the society sold its Pavonia Avenue property, and built its present home on Glenwood Avenue near Westside Avenue.
The officers and trustees are : John A. Walker, president ; George F. Perkins, vice-presi- dent ; John H. Carnes, secretary ; George W. Conklin, treasurer ; Elijah S. Cowles, E. F. C. Young, Charles C. Stimets, George Miller, Henry E. Neise, James R. Turner, William H. Turner, Charles D. Ridgeway, E. W. Kingsland, Washington Belt, O. H. Perry, John J. Toffey, J. J. Voorhees and S. D. Mackay.
The board of domestic control is now unorganized. In October, 1894, Mrs. Z. K. Pangborn resigned its presidency, and other members have since resigned, and no new officers have been elected. The board then was composed as follows: Mrs. Z. K. Pangborn, president ; Mrs. G. W. Clerihew and Mrs. H. McBride, vice-presidents ; Mrs. A. Creveling, secretary ; Mrs. S. D. Forman, treasurer ; Mrs. Marcus Beach, Mrs. A. J. Post, Mrs. B. Illingworth, Miss J. Allison, Mrs. Geo. R. Hillier, Mrs. James Flemming, Mrs. H. S. Niese, Mrs. W. Belt, Mrs. Geo. H. White, Mrs. Solon Palmer, Mrs. M. F. Brown, Mrs. N. Condit, Mrs. Geo. F. Perkins, Mrs. S. D. Mackay, Mrs. 11. A. Chamberlain, Mrs. R. O. Babbitt, Mrs. Wm. Cumings, Mrs. Hudspeth Benson, Mrs. I. N. Quimby, Mrs. L. Apgar, Mrs. Geo. Miller, Mrs. Bennett.
Miss Emma Demarest is Sunday-school teacher, and Drs. Edward P. Buffett and Wm. J. Parker, volunteer physicians.
HOME FOR AGED WOMEN.
In January, 1866, a number of ladies who were interested in a ragged school in Jersey City became impressed with the need that existed for a home for aged women. They began in a small way by contributing one dollar cach, and pledging themselves to urge their friends to give a like amount to form a fund to organize a home. The difficulty of procuring snitable boarding places for persons dependent on the congregations of their respective churches in- duced other ladies to join in the movement. They wanted to found a home entirely free from sectarian influences. The success they achieved enabled them to call a general meeting of sub- seribers early in February, 1867, at which temporary organization was effected. At the close of 1867 they had collected $2.782, and early in 1868 they had a bill before the legislature to in- corporate the society.
The ladies named in the act as incorporators were : Anne E. Miller, Irene Wilbur, Kath- arine J. Sauzade, Mary L. Williamson, Harriet W. Ames, Anrinthia Doremns, Mary F. Hoag- land, Maria B. Mason, Cordelia Me Elroy, Sarah J. Morrow, Anna L. Olendorf, Sophia A. Van Vorst, Eliza A. Van De Venter, Abbey A. Weaver, Edna C. Woolsey, Emily H. Van Vorst and their successors. They were constituted a body corporate by the name of "The Home For Aged Women." The act was approved by Governor Marcus L. Ward on February 13. 1868. As soon as they were incorporated the society bought a dwelling house at 131 Wayne Street, next door west of the Reformed Church, paying $7,000 for it. Half of the purchase price re- mained in a mortgage. By the end of May, 1868, their total receipts had reached 80,005.22. The first officers were : Mrs. Anne E. Miller, first directress ; Mrs. Irene Wilbur, second dice. tress ; Mrs. Mary L. Williamson, secretary ; Mrs. Katharine J. Sauzade, treasurer. The
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managers were the incorporators. The advisory committee consisted of Messrs. James A. Williamson, Joseph F. Randolph and Thomas Earle. Miss - Gardner was appointed matron. She was succeeded in 1869 by Mrs. Irene Wilbur. In 1870 Cornelius Van Vorst and his sisters donated three lots at Bright and Barrow streets on which to build a permanent home. In 1873 Mrs. Henry became matron, and was succeeded in 1878 by Mrs. Brevitt, who died in 1882, and was succeeded by Miss M. C. Dooley, the present incumbent.
The home was maintained at 131 Wayne Street seventeen years, doing its work in an un- obtrusive manner. In 1885 Mrs. Moore, a Scotch lady, residing on the Heights, gave the society the property on the southwest corner of Bergen and Fairmount avenues, in considera- tion of a home in the institution for the rest of her life. The property included a commodious dwelling. By the aid of legacies, subscriptions to the building fund, and the sale of the Bar- row Street lots, a dormitory adjoining the main building was erected at a cost of $10,000. The two buildings are virtually one, and form the present home.
The officers in 1894 were : Miss F. D. Booream, first directress ; Mrs. C. A. DeWitt, second directress : Mrs. Mary L. Williamson, secretary; Mrs. K. J. Sanzade, treasurer. Managers : Mrs. J. Smith Richardson, Mrs. S. A. Dickinson, Mrs. Duane Searle, Mrs. R. G. Lyle, Mrs. C. T. Shone, Mrs. Wm. Speer, Mrs. C. W. Pendexter, Mrs. John Van Horn, Mrs. A. Becker, Miss Bailey, Miss M. R. Forster, Miss J. E. Bunee.
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Collectors: Miss M. Dickinson, Miss Dora Smith, Miss Lathrop, Mrs. Van Houten, Mrs. Edward Cairns, MIrs. John F. Stan- dish, Mrs. Wm. P. Brush. Mrs. N. Grellet, Mrs. Op- dyke, Mrs. Sophia Thomp- son, Mrs. Wm. German.
Advisory Committee : James A. Williamson, Jos- eph Randolph and Henry V. Condict. Attending Physician, J. W. Parker, M. D.
ST. MICHAEL'S ORPHAN ASYLUM.
St. Michael's Orphan Asy- ST. MICHAEL'S ORPHAN ASYLUM. lum, at Pavonia Avenue and Erie Street, was estab- lished in 1886 by Mgr. J. De Concilio, rector of St. Michael's R. C. Church. The building was erected soon after, and is an imposing structure of hrick and brown stone, four stories high. It is conducted by Sisters of Peace, from Madison, N. J. There is a large school connected with the asylum.
ST. JOSEPH'S HOME.
St. Joseph's Home is situated on the north side of Grand Street, near Washington Street. The home was originally confined to the front building, but the demand for more room caused the erection in 1891 of a large brick and stone building on the rear of the original site. The property extends through the block to York Street, and the new building has a good frontage on that street. It is five stories high and has a playground on the roof. where, under shelter, the children are allowed to play at will. The home and school are conducted by the Sisters of Peace.
ST. MARY'S ORPHAN ASYLUM.
St. Mary's Orphan Asylum, at Jersey Avenue and Second Street, was established by Rev. Louis D. Senez, pastor of St. Mary's Church. It is a commodious four-story brick building, and has a chapel and a school.
ST. JOSEPH'S HOME, JERSEY CITY.
CHAPTER XXIV.
BANKS AND BANKING-A BRIEF HISTORY OF EACH FINANCIAL INSTITUTION AND THE BOARD OF TRADE-A STORY OF PROGRESS.
HE banking institutions of Jersey City are well known in financial circles and enjoy a good reputation for stability and good management. There are four national banks, one state bank, two savings banks and one trust company. Their buildings are among the finest in the city, some of them being quite ornamental. The existing institutions were preceded by a series of banking enterprises which did not succeed. The first effort was made when the Newark Banking and Insurance Company was chartered, November 13, 1804, with authority to establish a branch at Paulus Hook, with the consent of the Associates. The State reserved the right to subscribe $50,000 to the stock of the branch bank. This privilege was subsequently sold to Col. Aaron Ogden for $4.000. The branch was established under the name of the Jersey Bank. The subscription books were opened January 24, 1805, and the directors were elected on April 2d ensuing. The building on the southwest corner of Greene and Grand streets was ereeted for this bank in the summer of 1805, and it is still standing and in good condition. A State tax of one-half of one per cent. was laid on the bank in 1810, and the sheriff sold the building in trying tocollect the tax which the directors had decided to evade. The State bought the property February 23, 1811. In March, 1811, the directors obtained a New York charter and removed the bank to Wall Street, where it began business as the Union Bank on April 11, 1811.
There was no bank until February 6, 1818, when a new company was chartered under the name of The President, Directors and Company of the Jersey Bank. A condition of their charter was that the company should buy the building at Grand and Greene streets from the State at $5,000. The bank had a capital of $100,000, and it failed on Thursday, July 6, 1826.
The New Jersey Manufacturing and Banking Company was incorporated December 9. 1823, with $150,000 capital. It began operations in March, 1824, and failed in March, 1829. The Franklin Bank of New Jersey was incorporated December 28, 1824, with $300,000 capital. It had a checkered existence and failed February 22, 1843. The president and directors of the New Jersey Protection and Lombard Bank was the name of a bank incorporated December 29, 1824, with a capital of $400,000. It failed November 27, 1825.
Other banks that had a brief existence were the Marine Bank, incorporated September 21, 1857 ; Hudson River Bank, incorporated March 24. 1862 ; Bank of America, incorporated July. 4, 1862 ; City Bank of Jersey City, incorporated September 9. 1862 ; United States Stock Bank, incorporated October 17. 1862; Highland Bank, incorporated December 4, 1862; North River Bank, incorporated December 10, 1862 : Union Bank, incorporated January 2, 1870; Mechanics and Laborers Bank ; Germania Bank, incorporated March 29, 1871. Most of these were specu- lative charters, obtained as experiments. The managers failed to draw business away from the old reliable banks, and they fell away, leaving the solvent concerns more firmly rooted in the public confidence.
THE PROVIDENT INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS.
The Provident Institution for Savings was incorporated February 27, 1839. The first meet- ing under the act was held in the town hall on Sussex Street, April 18, 1839. Dudley S. Gregory presided, and a certified copy of the legislative enactment authorizing the formation of the bank was rend. It was thought that the time had not arrived for carrying out the pro- visions of the act, and it was left in abeyance. Meetings were held in the Lyceum on Grand Street, on December 6, 1841, and August 7, 1842, but it was not until September 29, 1843, that
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permanent organization was effected. D. S. Gregory was chosen president, and Thomas W. James secretary and treasurer. The bank was opened for business in Temperance Hall, an old building that stood at the northeast corner of City Hall Place and Gregory Street. The bank was open in the evenings only. The first deposit was made by Samuel Davidson, a lumber dealer, who lived in the small brick house next to the Fleming building on Washington Street. His deposit was 830. Of the first hundred accounts opened there were eight still active on Sep- tember 29, 1893, the fifty-fifth anniversary of the bank. On the day the bank was opened the deposits reached $227, and on the second day the total was increased only $30. The bank could not afford a safe, and the money was kept in D. S. Gregory's safe in the Darcy building, now known as the Fuller building. One night the place was raided by burglars, and Stoo was stolen from the safe. This loss nearly paralyzed the trustees and they were ready to abandon the enterprise. They moved their office to Peter Bentley's office, 23 Montgomery Street, and used the office at night that was used during the day by the Mechanics and Traders Bank. In 1853 business had improved and both banks moved to the building on the southwest corner of Plymouth and Washington streets. The Mechanics and Traders used the first floor, and the Provident Savings used the basement. This arrangement lasted until the war period, when the Mechanics and Traders built a new banking house on the corner of Hudson Street and Exchange Place, where it is now known as the First National. The Provident Bank moved up-stairs after its neighbor had gone to its new home, and the em- blematic sign erected at that time gave the bank its popular name "The Bee Hive Bank." The first dividend declared was $70.65 on January 1, 1845 .. The dividend declared in July, 1893, was $128,000. At the end of the bank's first year there were 200 open accounts. At the end of its fifty-fifth year there were 77,272 active ac- counts. The total amount of deposits on January 1, PROVIDENT INSTITUTION FOR SAVINGS. 1845, was, $3,440. On October 17, 1893, the ag- gregate of deposits was $8,069,807.26. The liability to depositors was $7,481,050, and the surplus $588,757.17.
The first board of trustees was elected in Temperance Hall, December 18, 1843. They were : D. S. Gregory, president ; John F. Ellis, Jonathan Jenkins, John K. Goodman, Cornelius Van Vorst and Peter Bentley, vice-presidents, and David Henderson, Henry Traphagen, John Gilbert, Cornelius Kanouse, J. D. Miller, Phineas C. Dummer, F. A. Alexander, Job Male, John Dows, Darwin F. Rockwell, Stephen Garretson, David Jones. Hartman Van Wagenen, Abra- ham Van Santvoord, Peter MeMartin, John Grithth. J. W. Palmer, Luke Hemingway, Thomas Kingsford, Thomas Weldon, William Glaze, T. L. Smith and Samuel Davidson. On December 2, 1844, David Smith was added to the board and remained until his death. The officers retained their positions until death or removal from the city severed their connection, with the excep- tion of Thomas W. James, who resigned, but is still engaged in his profession in Jersey City. The presidents have been : D. S. Gregory, Andrew Clerk, David Smith, 1. 1. Vanderbeek and the incumbent, Freeman A. Smith, a son of David Smith, one of the prime movers in the original organization. When T. W. James resigned County Collector E. W. Kingsland was elected in his place. E. W. Kingsland was the first county collector, and held the position from 1840
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