USA > New Jersey > Mercer County > Trenton > History of the Presbyterian Church in Trenton, N.J. : from the first settlement of the town > Part 26
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2. The commissioners held their court at Trenton from November 12th to December 30th, 1782. Their decision, which was in favor of Pennsylvania, is known as "the Trenton decree." (Hollister's History of the Lackawanna Valley, p. 59.) The Commissioners were Wm. Whipple, Welcome Arnold, David Brearley, William C. Houston and Cyrus Griffin. The Agents for Pennsylvania were Joseph Reed, Wm. Bradford, James Wilson and Jona. D. Sergeant. Those for Con- necticut were Eliphalet Dyer, Jesse Root and Wm. Samuel Johnson. Henry Osborne was Solicitor.
3. Imputations upon the loyalty of Colonel Reed were made in 1782 (supposed to proceed from Dr. Rush), and repeated by Bancroft in volume IX of his History. This gave rise to a controversy between Bancroft and William B. Reed in 1867. William S. Stryker, a mem- ber of this church, Adjutant-General of New Jersey, discovered in 1875-6 documents which clearly show that the person actually con- cerned in the original charge was Col. Charles Read, of Burlington. Mr. Bancroft accepted the correction and published it in the centenary edition of his History. The facts are given in a pamphlet published by General Stryker, entitled "The Reed Controversy. Further Facts with Reference to the Character of Joseph Reed, Adjutant-General on the Staff of General Washington." Printed for private distribu- tion, Trenton, 1876.
4. When the news of the battle of Lexington (April 19, 1775) was expressed to Philadelphia, the following notes were made:
PRINCETOWN, Monday, Apl 24 6 o'clock and forwd to Trenton Tho. Wiggins Com.
Jon. Baldwin Members
TRENTON Monday Apl 24 9 o'clock in the morng.
Recd the above pr Express and forwarded the same to the Com- mittee of Philadelphia.
Sam Tucker
Isaac Smith Com.
On January 10, 1776, the New Jersey Committee (Samuel Tucker, President) meeting at Princeton complied with suggestions of the Continental Congress for promoting the more rapid carrying of in- telligence of public events, by directing "that a man and horse be kept in constant readiness by each of the several committees of New-
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ark, Elizabethtown, Woodbridge, New Brunswick, Princeton and Tren- ton, whose business shall be to forward all expresses to and from the Continental Congress; and that the aforesaid Town Committees shall, on every intelligence of any invasion or alarm, send expresses to the neighboring Town Committees, who are directed to provide ex- presses to forward the same from town to town." "Minutes of Pro- vincial Congress," 327, 328.
Samuel Tucker, Abraham Hunt, Joseph Ellis and Alexander Cham- bers were appointed, October 28, 1775, "Commissioners for the West- ern Division" of the Colony to receive and expend money for arms and subsistence of the troops. One of the measures for obtaining ammunition was to "collect all the leaden weights from windows and clocks, and all leaden weights of shops, stores and mills, of one pound weight and upwards; also all other lead in and about houses or other places," paying "at the rate of sixpence, Proclamation money, the pound weight." "Minutes of Provincial Congress," 246, 417. 508.
There are thirty-one references to the name of Samuel Tucker in the index of the Minutes. A sketch of his career and that of John Hart, is given in the "New Jersey Archives," vol. x., 269.
5. There was a "Captain Gould" in Trenton, in 1725, with whom Thomas Chalkley, the Quaker minister, lodged-"who treated me very politely." A brook, running through the meadows, near the old ceme- tery where the Tuckers were buried, is called Gould's or Gold's run.
6. Mr. Edwards, on the 20th April, 1768, was appointed to supply at Allentown and New Brunswick at discretion; and this is the last time his name appears in the records of the Presbytery. He did not accept the Professorship, and on January 5, 1769, was ordained over the Con- gregational Church of White Haven, Conn. It may be doubted whether his coming under the care of the Presbytery meant more than asking to be employed by them during his continuance in the College; but the Minute of April, 1767, is, "Being desirous to be taken under the care of this Presbytery, we do gladly receive him according to his desire." In 1807, there was a case of this kind: "Mr. Enoch Burt, a licentiate of the Southern New Hampshire Association, appeared in Presbytery, and being asked whether he was willing to accept of appointment to preach in our vacant churches the ensuing summer, answered in the affirma- tive. The Committee of Supplies was directed to take notice of the same."
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CHAPTER XI.
I. From Brainerd's "Life of John Brainerd," 1865, note on p. 127. "The Rev. Dr. Hall, in his 'History of the Presbyterian Church of Trenton, New Jersey,' supposes the sister Spencer above referred to was the wife of General Joseph Spencer of the Revolution. This is a mistake. Two of Brainerd's sisters, Jerusha and Martha, married Spencers. Jerusha married Samuel Spencer, of East Haddam. Martha was the wife of the General."
In the "Proceedings of the New Jersey Historical Society," 1886-7, is preserved "a sketch of the life of Col. Oliver Spencer," copied from "The Western Spy." He was a son of Samuel, who was brother of Elihu and of General Spencer; born at East Haddam, Connecticut, 1736; resided for some years at Elizabethtown, N. J., then removed to the Miami country, Ohio, where he died in 18II.
2. In the first edition of Edwards' "Life of Brainerd," Boston, 1749, "Rev. Elihu Spencer" is on the list of subscribers prefixed.
3. "The Suffolk Presbytery on June 14, 1758, ordered its members in succession to supply Mr. Spencer's pulpit during his absence from his people as 'a chaplain in the army the present campaign,' and the period of supplies extends from the third Sabbath in June until the fourth and last of November." Letter of Rev. Epher Whitaker, clerk of Long Island Presbytery, October 10, 1883.
4. "The Rev. Elihu Spencer being about to remove from Jamaica to Shrewsbury, we (upon his request) recommend him to New Bruns- wick Presbytery as one of good standing in this Presbytery." "He was united to Suffolk Presbytery by order of Synod, and became enrolled as a member the day before he made his request of a transfer to the New Brunswick Presbytery." Minutes of Suffolk Presbytery in session at Old Man's, October 10, 1759. (Long Island Presbytery is successor of Suffolk Presbytery.)
5. In 1803 Dr. Macwhorter published in Newark two volumes of sermons. In the list of subscribers in vol. 2, is a large number from North Carolina, viz .: from Orange, Mecklenburgh, Center, Thyatira, Lincoln, Salisbury, Salem, Chapel Hill, Charlotte, Caswell, Halifax, Lewisburg, Edington, Coddle-Creek, Rowan, Cabarus; also a number in South Carolina.
6. The Church at Hawfields became distinguished in the religious history of North Carolina, in the end of the last century and the beginning of the present, by the efficient ministries of its successive pastors, James McGready and William D. Paisley. The latter died in Greensborough, March, 1857, in his 87th year. "The first camp-meet-
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ing held in the South was held at Hawfields, in October, 1802, and grew out of the necessity of the case." "Fourth Creek Church was organized by Mr. Elihu Spencer, and embraced the inhabitants between the South Yadkin and the Catawba rivers." Foote's North Carolina, chap. xvi., xxiv., where will also be found a history of the churches of the Haw and Eno.
7. "It is probable that the church on Steele Creek was organized by Messrs. Spencer and Macwhorter." Foote, chap. xxviii. The same is said of Poplar Tent. Chap. xxx. It was called Tent from the tem- porary shelter used before a church was built. Ib.
8. "Apoquiminey is the corporate name of the Forest Church, now called Middletown. It is not to be confounded with the old church of Apoquiminey from which it broke off in the great revival, and which is now called Drawyers." MS. letter of late Rev. Richard Webster, 1848.
9. May 30, 1766. Mr. Spencer, as Moderator, signed the Synod's pastoral letter ordered "to be dispersed among all our societies," call- ing upon them to acknowledge the interposition of Providence in leading the Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act, and thus probably preventing a civil war between the colonies and the mother country, "Records of the Presbyterian Church," p. 362.
Io. "The services of religion have been observed in Pencader for nearly 170 years (1877), and conducted by eighteen ministers * * * Dafydd Evans, Thos. Evans, Timothy Gryffydd, Elihu Spencer, etc." "Pennsylvania Historical Society Magazine," vol. ii., p. 345.
II. "I am a great-grandson of the Rev. Joseph Montgomery, who is mentioned on pp. 135, 171. My mother, now in her eighty-seventh year, is the daughter of John Wright and Rose Chambers, the latter a daughter of one of the early settlers of Trenton and member of the First Church." Letter of J. H. from John Montgomery Forster, Insurance Department of Pennsylvania, Harrisburgh, November 26, 1877.
[Note by John S. Chambers: "Rose Chambers, daughter of Alex- ander Chambers and Rose Craig, married John Wright."]
In a letter to John S. Chambers, December 22, 1877, Mr. Forster says: "Rev. Joseph Montgomery's wife was the daughter of Andrew Reed, of Trenton, and sister of General Joseph Read. So you see that my ancestors on both sides of the house were from Trenton, and among the earliest settlers of the place. We (Forster and Chambers) both stand in the same relation to Alexander Chambers, he having been our great-grandfather." See "A Sketch of the Life of the Rev. Joseph Montgomery, by John Montgomery Forster, Harrisburgh (for private distribution), 1879."
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Mr. Montgomery's second wife was the widow of Angus Boyce and sister of Dr. Rush. "Pennsylvania Historical Magazine," ii : 474.
12. In the "History of Eastern Vermont," by Benjamin H. Hall, New York, 1858, p. 700, it is said that Micah Townsend, born 1749, "entered at the age of fourteen the College of Nassau Hall, in Prince- ton, New Jersey, during the presidency of Dr. Elihu Spencer."
At the commencement of 1766 Mr. Spencer presided and conferred degrees in place of President Finley, then dying in Philadelphia. See Dr. Green's "Discourses and Notes on the College of New Jersey," P. 365, 331.
Dr. Maclean's "History," I : 265-6, records the appointment of Mr. Spencer, in the illness of President Finley, "to preside at next com- mencement and confer degrees." After Finley's death the trustees presented ten pounds to Spencer for presiding and conferring degrees at commencement.
The same, p. 314, records that in the absence of Dr. Witherspoon in the West Indies, Mr. Spencer was appointed to act as Vice- President.
APPENDIX.
CHAPTER XII.
I. The name of SAMUEL HILL is in the graveyard: "Born Septem- ber 14, 1716: Died May 5, 1785." An adjoining stone is marked, "SMITH HILL: Died January 9, 1822, aged 71 years."
2. The paragraph on Ebenezer Cowell should be corrected as fol- lows :
There were two of the name of Ebenezer Cowell. The signer was born December 7, 1716, and died May 4, 1799. His children were David, Ebenezer (born 1743), Joseph, Sarah (Mrs. Bowlsby), Lois and Eunice (twins), Robert, John. David was a physician and died in 1789 (see p. 177). Ebenezer, a lawyer in Trenton, died unmarried. John suc- ceeded his brother David in the practice of medicine in Trenton (p. 178). The first Ebenezer graduated at Princeton, 1766.
The father of our first pastor was Joseph Cowell (1673-1771). There is a letter written by him to his son, dated Wrentham (Mass.), April 29, 1752, addressed to "The Rev'd Mr. David Cowell, Pastor of a Church of Christ in Trenton, New Jersey."
In the manuscript collections of Mr. John M. Cowell, of Philadel- phia, are some interesting documents in relation to the first Ebenezer Cowell, son of Joseph, and brother of the pastor, who came from Wrentham to Trenton soon after 1761. He was a gunsmith at Cam- bridge, Mass., for more than twenty years. In 1770 he was deputy to Daniel Smith, Surveyor-General of New Jersey.
The inscription on a stone in the Trenton church-yard, closes the history, as follows :
"In memory of Ebenezer Cowell, who departed this life May 4, 1799, aged 82 years :
My flesh shall slumber in the ground Till the last trumpet's joyful sound; Then burst the chain with sweet surprise And in my Saviour's image rise."
3. A deposition of Ralph Smith, May, 1750, speaks of his being on a certain occasion "At the house of Elijah Bond in Trenton, in com- pany with John Coxe and Samuel Nevel, Esq., and Mr. Theophilus Severns." "New Jersey Archives," vii., 544.
4. Mrs. Catherine Beatty died in Trenton, January 27, 1861. She was born April 19, 1773.
5. Dr. Bryant appears to have belonged to the house represented in our day by the celebrated writer, William Cullen Bryant. In his life by Mr. Parke Godwin, the Perth Amboy epitaph is quoted as that of "a son of Stephen Bryant and brother of Ichabod." Vol. i., p. 51.
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APPENDIX.
In the Pennsylvania Historical Society's Magazine, vol. v., is a journal of Miss Eve, 1772-3. Under date of November 2, 1773, she recorded a visit in Philadelphia to "a lady from Trent Town, who lodged at Dr. Duffel's" (Duffield). "Her name is Brayen; her hus- band is a doctor and a man of fortune." One who took a name from the sound only might easily write Brayen for Bryant.
6. "David Pinkerton, of Trenton," was a Commissioner for the Western Division, in 1776. "Minutes of Provincial Congress," pp. 459, 508.
7. In 1732 Joseph Warrell, Esq., was recommended to the Duke of Newcastle by Governor Cosby as "one who was so well recommended to me by Lord Malpas before I left England that there is little more for me to say in his behalf than that since my acquaintance with him his behaviour has, in every particular, confirmed the character given by his lordship, and one whom I can presume to answer for to your Grace."
"New Jersey Archives," v., 324.
In 1751 Joseph Warrell, as "His Majesty's Attorney-General for the Province of New Jersey in America, and Notary and Tabellion Pub- lick, dwelling at Belleville, near Trenton, in the county of Hunterdon," gives a certificate in favour of the character of Samuel Tucker, Jr., "of Trenton, merchant; that I have known him from a child, and since he has grown up to man's estate (upwards of ten years), all which time he has been my neighbour."
"Archives," vii., 639.
In 1848, Mr. Warrell, as Attorney-General, attested the legality of Governor Belcher's charter of the College.
In the "Pennsylvania Historical Society's Magazine," 1883, p. 456, is a "journal of a campaign from Philadelphia to Paulus Hook in August, 1776," by Shallop. At Bristol some of the travelers took to land for the rest of the journey. Arriving at Trenton, they took their provisions "to a church-yard at the upper end of Trenton, where we cooked them." "After dining, all who kept journals got journalizing on a tombstone erected to the memory of Joseph Warrell, and inscribed with the following inscription"-copying inaccurately the epitaph on p. 145 of this "History."
8. At a meeting of the Provincial Congress in Trenton, July 5, 1776:
"Isaac DeCou, Esquire, having resigned his commission as Second Major of the First Regiment of foot militia in the county of Hun- terdon, whereof Isaac Smith, Esq., is Colonel, ordered that his resig- nation be accepted." "Minutes of Provincial Congress," 492.
9. Mr. Thomas Y. How was deposed from the ministry of the Epis- copal Church. His wife, Elizabeth, died in New Brunswick, July 28, 18II, and was buried in the First Presbyterian church-yard in Trenton,
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but I have not been able to discover through what connection her burial was made here.
In December, 1830, Dr. J. W. Alexander wrote from Trenton: "Dr. Thomas Y. How, once so famous for his pulpit eloquence, and his con- troversy with Dr. Miller, is here delivering lectures on political and moral subjects, with a voluntary collection at the close. I have not heard him, as his first lecture only has been delivered, and that on Sunday evening." "Forty Years' Letters," i., 155.
IO. There was an "Edo Merselius" in the Provincial Congress at Trenton from Bergen, 1775. "Minutes," 169, 183.
II. None of these blunders is so remarkable as one upon a marble now standing in Northampton, Massachusetts, on the grave of a "daughter of the Rev. Jonathan Edwards, President of Prenceta Col- lege, New Jersey." Nor does this equal a professed quotation from a sermon of Edward Irving, in a work of Mr. Wilks, London, 1854, where the Presbyterial exegesis is called an "ecce Jesum"! This is noticed in the "Edinburgh Review" (Art. Ecce Jesu), 1862, American edition, p. 221.
Another similar blunder is that in the Travels of the Marquis de Chastellux in North America, 1780-1782, in which he says he was shown over Princeton College by the President Wederpurn (Wither- spoon). "Voyages, &c.," Paris, 1786, vol. i., 139, 14I.
12. In Dennie's Monthly "Portfolio," Philadelphia, 1809, is a sketch of Isaac Smith's life and a portrait. Philemon Dickinson, Esq., in April, 1871, presented a framed copy of this portrait to the church. Mr. Smith graduated at Princeton, 1755, and was a tutor there, with John Ewing and Jeremiah Halsey, for a few months before the induction of President Edwards. (Maclean's "History," vol. i., p. 177.)
Mr. Smith was a Presidential elector in 1801. Of the epitaph quoted the "Portfolio" says :
"Of this tribute to departed worth we are ignorant of the author ; but we should be cold to another and unjust to ourselves, if we did not describe the epitaph as a successful specimen of the lapidary style." (See II Samuel 18: 18.)
See references to Isaac Smith, in Index of "Minutes of Provincial Congress," and Whittaker's "Historical Sketch of Trenton Banking Company," page 7; also, S. D. Alexander's "Eighteenth Century," p. 37.
13. The French name of Bellerjeau found many experiments in the way of writing it. The Provincial Congress made several appropria- tions to Daniel Bellingeau, for attendance as doorkeeper, for example :
"To Daniel Bellingeau, doorkeeper, for his attendance 14 days at Trenton, £2, 16shill." "Minutes of Provincial Congress," 1776, 574, 255.
14. Godfrey Wimer was grandfather of Samuel Evans, who died in our communion January, 1881, aged 89, and great-grandfather of John
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APPENDIX.
O. Raum, historian of New Jersey and of Trenton, whose grandfather of that name married Godfrey Wimer's daughter.
15. A letter of Rev. John Brainerd to Rev. Mr. Cowell was sent "per Mr. Jas. Bell."
16. Mrs. Rebecca Ryall died May 12, 1859, at the age of 91. Her daughter, Mrs. Susan C. Brearley, died January 7, 1884, aged ninety- six, having been sixty-seven years a communicant. Her sister, Rebecca Ann Ryall, died in August, 1866, age 82.
17. Governor Burnett writes, New York, Jan. 2, 1724, that Chief Justice William Trent is dead, and "Mr. Robert Lettice Hooper" has been nominated by the Governor to the Lords of Trade as his suc- cessor. "New Jersey Archives," vol. v., p. 97. His commission does not appear to have been issued until February 29, 1727, the first year of George II. The original is in the library of the New Jersey Historical Society, and printed in the "Archives," vol. v., 182, with a facsimile of the royal signature. December 7, 1734, Governor Cosby recommended to the Lords of Trade to move his majesty "that Robert Lettice Hooper, Chief Justice of the Province, may be ap- pointed Councillor to succeed Lewis Morris," who had been removed. "Archives," vol. v, 402.
18. "April 8, 1787. Baptized Susannah, third child of John and Singer of Trenton." Note in the diary of Rev. Mr. Frazer, rector of St. Michael's.
19. Job Moore, the next name to Singer, was the name of the father of Mrs. Vandegrift.
20. "March 17, 1788. Baptized Adrian, Charlotte and Charles, chil- dren of Capt. Charles and Rachel Clunn, of Burlington." Rev. Mr. Frazer's note in his Diary.
21. Joseph Clunn, ensign of a company in Trenton, whereof Isaac Smith, Esq, is colonel; William Tucker, captain; John Fitch, second lieutenant. "Minutes of Provincial Congress," 1776, p. 464, 482.
22. "I do certify that I was returning with John Fitch from the Neshaminey meeting, some time in April, 1785, as near as I can recol- lect the time, when a gentleman and his wife passed by us in a riding- chair; he immediately grew inattentive to what I said. Some time after he informed me that at that instant the first idea of a steam- boat struck his mind. JAMES OGILBEE." (Fitch's Pamphlet, Phila- . delphia, 1788; reprinted in Documentary History of New York, vol. ii.)
23. Rev. Mr. Frazer makes this note in 1786: "December 4th, buried a daughter of Rensselaer Williams, Esq., at Trenton." The Dutch name is printed "Rensselier" in the "Minutes of Provincial Congress"
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APPENDIX.
and the "Minutes of the Council of Safety," 1879. On July 6, 1776, "Ordered, That the President do take the parole of honor of Mr. John Lawrence, of Monmouth county, not to depart the house of Mr. Rensselier Williams; and if Mr. Lawrence should refuse to give the same, that the President order him to be confined under such guard as he may deem necessary." On August 21, 1776, "To Rensselier Williams, six pounds six shillings, in full of his account." (Ordinance for payment of incidental charges "during the sittings of this Con- vention.")
Rensselaer Williams was a Justice of the Peace. In 1781 he was Librarian of the "Trenton Library Company." He was one of the founders, in that year, of the "Trenton School Company," or Academy. He was found dead in the street, opposite the State House, December, 1796. His grave is in the Episcopal ground, where his age is given at sixty-four. Adjoining it is the grave of Rensselaer Williams, Jr., who died at the house of Abraham Hunt, in 1801; aged thirty-three years. He was in mercantile business in Cooperstown, New York. In James Fennimore Cooper's "Chronicles of Cooperstown," it is stated that Rensselaer and Richard Williams "arrived between the years 1792 and 1797."
24. It was one of Fitch's or Rumsey's experiments that Franklin wrote of in Philadelphia, October, 1788: "We have no philosophical news here at present, except that a boat, moved by a steam-engine, rows itself against the tide in our river, and it is apprehended the con- struction may be so simplified and improved as to become generally useful." (Sparks' Franklin, x., 363.) I have seen a letter of Fitch to Stacy Potts, Philadelphia, July 28, 1786, in which he expresses the greatest satisfaction in his prospects. "We have now tried every part, and reduced it to as certain a thing as can be, that we shall not come short of ten miles per hour, if not twelve or fourteen. I will say four- teen in the theory and ten in practice."
An advertisement in the "Philadelphia Gazette" is as follows :
"The Steamboat sets out to-morrow morning at ten o'clock, from Arch street ferry, in order to take passengers for Burlington, Bristol, Bordentown and Trenton, and return next day. Philadelphia, July 26, 1790."
In the "Trenton Gazette," Aug. 7, 1809: "The Steamboat" is adver- tised to start for Philadelphia three times per week. "For passage apply at the Indian Queen, or to the Captain on board, at Beatty's wharf, Bloomsbury."
25. On the same day William Reeder (which name is also among the signatures) conveyed one quarter of an acre for the same pur- pose, at the price of sixty-two pounds ten shillings; and George Ely half an acre for one hundred and twenty pounds.
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26. Samuel Henry was under suspicion of disloyalty in 1776. A "report of the Committee of Trenton" was made to the Provincial Congress, July 10. Mr. Henry appeared before the Congress to hear the charges July 16. The next day he was "committed to the common gaol of Hunterdon" to be kept "in close confinement until the fur- ther order of this Congress, or future legislature of this State." On the 20th he made such acknowledgment that the Congress, "for the contrition expressed in the above petition," discharged him from confinement, on his giving bond in the sum of 2,000 pounds, "for the faithful performance of his parole, to remove to his mills in Trenton, and there, or within a circle of two miles thereof, continue and not to depart said bounds unless with leave of this convention, or the future legislature of this State." "Minutes," 498, 508, 511, 515.
27. In 1775, "Thomas Lowrey" petitioned the Provincial Congress for recommendation to the Continental Congress as "Commissary to the two battalions recommended to be raised in this colony." His request was granted. In 1776 "Thomas Lowrey" was appointed Lieu- tenant-Colonel of the Third Battalion of foot militia in the county of Hunterdon." "Minutes," 237, 265.
28. It may be added to this chapter that in 1771-2, Mr. Spencer was associated with Dr. Witherspoon, on behalf of "the Presbyterian clergy in communion with the present established Church of Scotland residing in the Province of New Jersey," in obtaining from the Colo- nial Council a charter for incorporating the "New Jersey Society for the better support of the widows and education of the children of deceased Presbyterian Ministers." The draught of the charter as first proposed presented as corporators the names of Richard Stockton, Elias Boudinot, William Livingston, William Burnet, Robert Ogden, Nathaniel Scudder, Witherspoon, Spencer and others. After amend- ments in form, as proposed by the Attorney-General Skinner, the King allowed the charter, and Governor Franklin wrote to the Earl of Dartmouth, October, 1773, that "the Presbyterian Ministers are much pleased with the permission his Majesty has given me to pass the charter they had requested; which will be done at the next meet- ing of the Council." "Analytical Index," 427, 431. "Archives," 339, 409.
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