USA > New Jersey > Atlantic County > Atlantic City > The Daily union history of Atlantic City and County, New Jersey : containing sketches of the past and present of Atlantic City and County > Part 4
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On the evening of July 10. 1881, in this city, William Musson, a special officer for the Disston Mill, was brained by an axe in the hands of John Somers, another employee, while trying to act as peacemaker between Somers and his wife, whom the latter was abusing. Somers, who was crazed with drink, was a war veteran, having held a captain's commission. He was tried and convicted of murder in the first degree, and sentenced to be hanged, but the sentence was commuted to imprisonment for life. Harry L. Slape defended him. For a number of years strong efforts were made to secure his release on parole. These efforts were finally effective, and in 1897 he returned to this city, where he re- mained until his death, about a year later.
The next hanging was on January 3, 1880 .- that of Robert Elder, who was tried and convicted on October 23d. 1888, of killing his father near Hammonton. The case was prosecuted by Joseph Thompson and defended by Samuel E. Perry.
Before the expiation of this crime another of similar character was com- mitted by James Grimes, a colored sailor, who, on Christmas night, 1888, mur- dered the mate of his vessel while lying in Absecon Inlet. He was tried at April Term, 1889. convicted, and hanged on June 20. 1889, by Sheriff Smith E. John- son. This was also during Judge Thompson's term as prosecutor. The prisoner was defended by J. E. P. Abbott and James B. Nixon.
Another celebrated case occurring the same year was that of Evangeline Hamilton, who was tried at the September Term for stabbing a nurse in Atlantic City. Death did not ensue, and the charge was only atrocions assault. She was defended by Samuel E. Perry, was convicted and sentenced to two years in State Prison. Her husband was a grandson of Alexander Hamilton, and owing to a number of sensational features in the case it attracted widespread attention.
ATLANTIC COUNTY BAR ASSOCIATION.
For some years the members of the bar of the county had felt the need and appreciated the benefits that wouldl accrue from organized and combined action looking towards the mutual protection and benefit of the members and the main- tenance of the standing and promotion of the interests of the profession in gen- eral. For some time the matter was discussed without any definite action, until
THOMAS K. REED M.D.
55
THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR.
1895, when through the efforts chiefly of William M. Clevenger and Louis A. Repetto, counseled by August Stephany, the idea took form and the organization became a fact. The signatures of twenty-five members of the bar were secured as incorporators, and on June 1. 1895. articles of incorporation were executed and acknowledged, and on the 19th of the same month were filed in the Secretary of State's Office.
The first meeting was held on the first day of the fall term of court, Septem- ber 10. 1895, in the library of the court house at Mays Landing. The first presi- dent elected was Mr. August Stephany. William M. Clevenger was elected sec- retary and Clarence L. Cole treasurer. Since that time a new president has been elected annually, viz: In 1806. Hon. Joseph Thompson: in 1897, Hon Allen B. Endicott: in 1898. Mr. Enoch A. Higbee. The secretary and treasurer have been re-elected each year.
While the association is yet in its infancy, its power for good has been ap- preciated, and it is destined to be a potent factor in the future growth and de- velopment of the city and county. In addition to the general benefits to be derived from a closer association and union of the members and the maintenance of the honor and dignity of the profession, one of the chief objects of its existence is to collect and maintain a law library for the use of its members and visiting lawyers. A fund is rapidly accumulating for this purpose, and the association is patiently awaiting the action of the City Hall Commissioners looking towards the erection of a municipal building. in which it has been promised it shall find a home.
ATLANTIC CITY BAR.
NAME
ADMISSION ATTORNEY
ADMISSION COUNSELLOR
James L. Vanscykel
June. 1869.
Samuel E. Perry
June. 1877.
Feb., 1881
Joseph Thompson . June. 1878.
Feb .. 1883
Geo. T. Ingham
June, 1880 June, 1883
Allen B. Endicott
June. 1880 Feb., 1884
Samuel D. Hoffman
Feb .. 1881
Feb., 1884
Ulysses G. Styron
Feb .. 1885.
Feb., 1888
Charles A. Baake,
June. 1885.
John Stille Nov .. 1885.
Nov .. 1888
-John S. Westcott
June. 1888.
Clifton C. Shinn
Nov., 1888.
Feb .. 1893
Geo. A. Bourgeois
Nov .. 1889 Nov .. 1892
Carlton Godfrey Nov .. 1889
Clarence L. Cole
June. 1890
June. 1893
Robert H. Ingersoll
June. 1890. .June, 1895
S. Cameron Hinkle
Feb .. 1802. June. 1805
ADOLPH SCHLECHT.
57
THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR.
NAME
ADMISSION ATTORNEY
ADMISSION L'ont NSELLOR
Arthur W. Kelley
June, 1892.
.June, 1895
Harry Wootton
June, 1892. Feb., 1800
Wm. M. Clevenger
June, 1804
.June, 1807
Louis A. Repetto
June, 1894.
Burrows C. Godfrey June, 1894
. June, 1897
Robert E. Stephany
Nov., 1894
Nov., 1897
Charles C. Babcock
Feb., 1895.
Feb., 1898
Enoch A. Higbee
Feb., 1805.
John C. Reed
Feb., 1805.
Henry W. Lewis
Nov., 1895.
William 1. Garrison
Nov., 1896.
James B. Adams
Feb., 1897
Clarence Pettit John C. Sims
Feb., 1897
June, 1897
Eli H. Chandler
Nov., 1897
Albert Darnell
Nov., 1897
Lewis T. Bryant
Feb., 1898.
Rodman Corson
Sept .. 1899.
PROSECUTORS OF THE PLEAS.
1837, July Term, John Moore White, Atty. Genl.
1837, October Term, Robert K. Matlack.
1838, March Term, to 1844. April Term, John B. Harrison and Abraham Browning, Atty. Genl.
1844, April Term, to 1846, March Term, Richard P. Thompson, Atty. Genl. 1846, March Term and October Term. Abraham Browning, Atty. Genl. 1846, December Term, to 1850, June Term. Elias Brognard, with Abraham Browning and L. Q. C. Elmer, Atty. Genis., and Robert K. Mat- lack, occasionally.
1850, June Term, to 1865. April Term, George S. Woodhull. 1865, April Term, to 1869. April Term, Alfred Hugg. 1869, April Term, to 1871. April Term, Alexander Sharp. 1871, April Term, to 1873, April Term, William E. Potter. 1873. April Term, to 1878, April Term. Albert H. Slape. 1878. April Term, to 1883, April Term, Alexander Sharp. 1883. April Term, to 1893, April Term, Joseph Thompson. 1893. April Term, to 1898, April Term, Samuel E. Perry. 1898. April Term, to date, Joseph E. P. Abbott.
BENJAMIN H. BROWN.
59
THE ATLANTIC CITY BAR.
JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT WHO HELD CIRCUIT.
1837, October.
. Joseph C. Hornblower.
1838, March to October
Wm. L. Dayton.
1839, Mar. to Oct .; 1840, April to Oct.
John Moore White.
1841, October, to 1845. December
Daniel Elmer.
1845, December, to 1852, May
Thomas P. Carpenter.
1852, May, to 1859. April
Lucius Q. C. Elmer.
1859. April
No circuit judge.
1859. September .
Peter Vredenburg.
1860, April
Edward Whelpley.
1860, September, to 1861, September
Wm. S. Clawson.
1861, September
John Vandyke.
1861, December
Daniel Haines.
1862, April
Lucius Q. C. Elmer.
1862, September
Edward Whelpley.
1862, December
Lucius Q. C. Elmer.
1863, April
Geo. H. Brown.
1863, September, to 1869, April
Lucius Q. C. Elmer.
1869, April, to 1875. April .
Bennett Vansyckel.
1875. April, to 1895, September
Alfred Reed.
1895. September, to date.
Geo. C. Ludlow.
COUNTY CLERKS.
Atlantic County, during its early history, was solidly Democratic. Democ- racy in those days meant government by the people as opposed to the dictum of the King or his emissaries. The first six county clerks were all Democrats but one, but the office in those days was of very little account. Abram L. Iszard, who was appointed to this position by the State Legislature, was a Republican, or Whig, as that was before the Republican party was born. It was not till 1845 that county clerks were elected by popular vote. The first Republican county clerk to be elected was Daniel Estell, son of Abram L. Iszard. He was elected on the ticket with Abraham Lincoln, in 1860, and being a young and popular man had a majority of 137 votes in the county. The business of the office was trifling then, and he was the first to keep the office open constantly. The founding of Egg Harbor City and later Hammonton made the keeping of the records a much more extensive occupation. Mr. Iszard became an expert as a search clerk, and till a recent date has been connected with the office ever since.
The following have served as county clerks since the organization of Atlantic County:
*James H. Collins . 1837
*Samuel B. Westcott
. 1838-39
*Joseph Humphries .1840
JOHN COLLINS.
61
ATLANTIC COUNTY OFFICIALS.
*Abram L. Iszard 1840-45
Joseph E. Potts
1845-50
Joseph B. Walker 1850-55
John Ackley 1855-60
Daniel E. Iszard 1860-65
Somers L. Risley 1865-70
Christopher N. Rape 1870-75
Lorenzo A. Down 1875-85
Lewis Evans
1885-95
Lewis P. Scott . 1895
SHERIFFS.
1850-1852.
John P. Walker.
1852-1855
Hosea F. Madden.
1855-1858
Ezra Cordery.
1858-1861 Simon Hanthorn.
1861-1864
Jesse Adams.
1864-1867
Timothy Henderson.
1867-1870
Samuel H. Cavileer.
1870-1873.
Edward D. Redman.
1873-1878.
Samuel V. Adams.
1878-1881
Martin Moore.
1881-1884.
Isaac Collins.
1884-1887
Charles R. Lacy.
1887-1890
Smith E. Johnson.
1890-1893
Charles R. Lacy.
1893-1896.
Smith E. Johnson.
1896-1899.
Samuel Kirby.
1800 to/fare.
Smith E. Johnson.
SURROGATES.
Philemon Dickerson, who was the Democratic Governor of New Jersey, 1836-1837, on April 7th of his last year, commissioned Julius P'. Taylor to be the first Surrogate of Atlantic County. For reasons not known, he only served till the following October, when John C. Briggs succeeded him.
The first official act of Briggs, according to the records at Mays Landing. bore date of February 7, 1838, and his last act June 9. 1846. The population and official business was small at that time.
*Appointed by Legislature.
JOHN LAKE BRYANT.
63
ATLANTIC COUNTY OFFICIALS.
Joseph Thompson, of Thompsontown, grandfather of Mayor Joseph Thomp- son, of this city, succeeded Briggs. His first official act bears date of April 4. 1847, and his last official act September 9, 1857.
Following him came Solomon R. Devinney, who was surrogate twenty-five years, till he was succeeded by John S. Risley, who was elected in November. 1882, and has been twice re-elected since.
COUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS.
Since the present public school system was organized in New Jersey, in 1866, the following gentlemen have filled the position of County School Super- intendents :
Calvin Wright 1867 to 1875
Rev. Geo. B. Wight 1875 to 1877
Silas R. Morse 1877 to 1892
John R. Wilson 1892 to 1895
Hon. S. D. Hoffman 1895 to date.
STATE SENATORS.
The following gentlemen have served this county as State Senators since 1845:
1845-1847. Joel Adams. 1866-1868. David S. Blackman.
1848-1850. Lewis M. Walker. 1869-1871. Jesse Adams.
1851-1853. Joseph E. Potts. 1872-1874. William Moore.
1854-1856. David B. Somers. 1875-1877. Hosea F. Madden.
1857-1859. Enoch Cordery.
1878-1892. John J. Gardner.
1860-1862. Thomas E. Morris. 1893-1898. Samuel D. Hoffman.
1863-1865. Samuel Stille. 1899-1901. Lewis Evans.
MEMBERS OF THE ASSEMBLY.
The following gentlemen have represented Atlantic County in the lower branch of the State Legislature since 1845:
1845-46. Joseph Ingersoll.
1847-49. Mark Lake.
1850-51. Robert B. Risley. 1852. John H. Boyle.
1853. Thomas D. Winner.
1854. Daniel Townsend.
1855. Nicholas F. Smith.
1856-57. David Frambes.
1874-75. Lemuel Conover. 1876-77. Leonard H. Ashley. 1878. Israel Smith.
1879-80. James Jeffries.
1881. George Elvins.
1882. Joseph H. Shinn.
1883. John L. Bryant.
1884-85. Edward North.
KU.5 K
LIEUT-COL. LEWIS T. BRYANT.
65
ATLANTIC COUNTY OFFICIALS.
1858. John B. Madden.
1886-87. James S. Beckwith.
1859. Thomas E. Morris.
1888. James B. Nixon.
1860-62. Chas. E. P. Mayhew.
1880-90. Shepherd S. Hudson.
1863. John Godfrey.
1801. Smith E. Johnson.
1864.
Simon Hanthorn.
1802. Samuel D. Hoffman.
1865. Simon Lake.
1893. Charles A. Baake.
1866-67. P. M. Wolsieffer.
1804. Fred. Schuchardt.
1868-69. Jacob Keim.
1895. Wesley C. Smith.
1870-71. Benj. H. Overheiser.
1896-97. Marcellus L. Jackson.
1872-73. Samuel H. Cavileer.
1898-99. Leonard H. Ashley.
1900. Charles T. Abbott.
THE LAY JUDGES OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.
In its early history, Atlantic County, like the other counties, had three courts which are usually considered the county's own exclusive tribunals, viz: The Court of Common Pleas, the Court of Quarter Sessions of the peace, and the Orphans' Court. These were modeled originally after the courts of the Province of West Jersey, which in their turn were adopted, with some modifications, from the courts of England.
The composition of the three courts was, the same as to-day, identical, that is, the same judges held all three courts. This fact often causes considerable con- fusion in the mind of the layman, with little or no knowledge of their jurisdictions, when he sees one court transform itself into another with small formality. Orig- inally these courts were held by all the justices of the peace of the county, or any three or more of them.
These courts were always near and dear to the hearts of the people, and were held in high esteem. The judges, originally the local justices of the peace, and afterwards appointees from the county, usually men of importance and high standing in their community, made their intimate acquaintance and close knowl- edge of the people and affairs of the county of great advantage in the adminis- tration of local affairs. In the early days, practically all the litigation was con- ducted in these courts. The office of judge in those days carried with it con- siderable dignity.
The new constitution of 1844 made a change by providing that there should be no more than five judges, who were to be appointed by the governor. This arrangement continued until 1855, when an act of the legislature reduced the number of judges to three. After this period, the feeling began to arise in the more populous communities that important matters of litigation, such as fre- quently arose in these courts, were entitled to be passed upon and the procedure conducted by judges who were learned in the law. As a result. in some of the upper counties, president judges, who were to be counsellors at law. were pro- 5
JOHN T. FRENCH.
67
LAY JUDGES.
vided for by the legislature. It was soon found that the president or law judge was in fact the court, and by reason of his superior learning in the law, took the responsibility and decided all legal questions.
The lay element was still represented by the two other judges, as the people still held to the idea that the ends of justice would be best subserved by having on the bench some representatives of and from the laity, as distinguished from the bar, on the principle that this element of the bench might temper aud miti- gate the rigors of the strict interpretation of the law, by the application of sound common sense and equity, from the standpoint of the common people. The sentiment continued to grow, however, that the proper person to administer the law is one who knows the law, or who at least has made it his study and profes- sion. In accordance with this idea, additional acts were passed constituting law judges in the various counties.
In 1889 it was enacted by the legislature that Atlantic County should have two lay judges and one law judge, to be appointed by the Governor, the number of lay judges then in office to continue until reduced to two by expiration of office of one of them. Under this act, no appointment was made until 1803, when the terin of Lay Judge Joseph Scull expired. Joseph Thompson was then appointed law judge for five years. The lay judges who then sat with him were Wilson Senseman, of Atlantic City, and Richard J. Byrnes, of Hammonton.
In 1895, another law was enacted, which was the final blow to the lay element in the county courts, by abolishing it entirely and constituting the law judge the whole Court of Common Pleas, Quarter Sessions and Orphans' Court. This particular act was the next year declared unconstitutional, but another was im- mediately passed which avoided the objectionable features of the first one. The lay judges, unwilling to relinquish their hold upon the dignity and perquisites of the office and thus be cast into a condition of innocuous desuetude, with the empty title of "ex-Judge," representing nothing but reminiscences of by-gone glory, stubbornly fought the act through the highest courts on the question of constitutionality, but were finally beaten, and the act was affirmed.
The following is a list of those who have served as Lay Judges of Atlantic County, with the date of the first appearance of their names on the records of the Orphans' Court:
Joseph Garwood 1838
Benjamin Wetherby 1838
Edmund Taylor 1838
Jesse H. Bowen 1838
Jolın Estell 1838
Lewis M. Walker 1838
John C. Abbott .1840
Daniel Baker 1841
Isaac Smith 1841
Jacob Adams 1843
Wm. Westcott 1844
68
DAILY UNION HISTORY OF ATLANTIC COUNTY.
Mahlon D. Canfield
1843
Thomas Parsons 1844
Jacob Godfrey
John Endicott 1844
Philip Imlay 1844
1845
Enoch Doughty
1849
William Moore
1850
A. L. Iszard 1850
Joel Adams
1851
Geo. A. Walker
1854
Joseph Endicott 1854
John H. Doughty
George Wheaton
Edward T. McKean
1870
David B. Somers
1857 to 1872
Simon Hanthorne
1870 to 1875
John Godfrey
1872
David S. Blackman 1875 to 1880
Richard J. Byrnes 1877 to 1896
Enoch Cordery
1877 to 1891
Joseph Scull
1880 to 1895
Wilson Senseman
1891 to 1896
*
ammonton.
7 O THE traveler, speeding from the "Great Metropolis," via the South Jersey R. R. to the sea, after passing through the dreary, dusty waste of sand, scrub-oaks and stunted pines, scorched by the vertical sun and seared by the demon fire, the billowy expanse of bud and blossom, or receding pyra- mids of golden blushing fruit of Hammonton, seems like a favored glimpse of fabled Hesperides.
To the sturdy sons of New England, fleeing from its ice-bound winters, this verdant spot of earth, with its genial climate, its balmy sea-born winds, bearing the healthful fragrance of sixty miles of pine and cedar, its flowers, fruits and prolific soil, must have seemed like paradise. So in the early fifties, they came, like the second pilgrim fathers, to make the wilderness of South Jersey blossom like the rose, infusing new life, new blood and new enterprise into a district which had commenced to feel the loss of industries, crowded out by those of greater magnitude, and which were to make such a radical change-an industrial revolution-which, like the magician's wand, was to turn the sandy stageway into a road of steel, the forests and neglected fields into flourishing fruit farms, the hamlets into thriving villages, and to hang upon the wave-kissed shore the gem city of the world.
For the advent of the railroad had destroyed the wheel-traffic between the shore and the Delaware, and in prophetic dreams, the carter, the Jehu of the stage-coach and mine host of the "White Horse," the "Blue Anchor," and a hundred other inns which appealed to the tired traveler, saw their "occupation gone," while the opening up of the iron and coal fields extinguished the fires of the bog-furnaces and charcoal pits, and the glass factories sought more favorable locations near the great centres of trade, and in the inevitable readjustment of their existing conditions the foreign and domestic trade of the New Jersey coast was driven to the greater ports of commerce.
Their coming was like a new lease of life to the "Old Town," whose land titles ran back to the days of Charles II., and whose soil had been pressed by the patriots of the Revolution, in throwing off the yoke and claims of that same England over which he once reigned. From Charles II. to the Duke of York. from York to Berkeley and Carteret, from Carteret to Fenwick and Byllinge, from Byllinge to the West Jersey Proprietors, from these to Shoemaker, Ash- bridge, Robinson and Ball, to Richards, to Griffith, to Coates, to Coffin, and from the last to his two sons, John Hammond, from whom the town of Ham- monton was named, and Edward Winslow Coffin, was a chain of real estate
(69)
--- ------
HON. RICHARD J. BYRNES.
71
HISTORY OF HAMMONTON.
transactions, extending over nearly two hundred years, from 1664 to 1844. I can remember seeing, nearly forty years ago, the rotting piling, the broken pot- sheds and the unquestionable remains of the "white man's abode" on the Old Egg Harbor road, where it crosses the head of the lake, and where tradition places the oldest inhabitant's home; but be it true or false, the "Irishman" has gone and the "whiskey" remains. There were many houses in and around Han- monton previous to 1850, but the wheel of the "old mill" at the lake, built by William Coffin in 1812, had ceased to turn; the furnace fires of the glass works, built by the same enterprising descendant of the Nantucket Yankee, had gone out; the rotten posts and crumbling stones of their foundations alone remained, over which the lizards ran or warmed themselves in the noon-day sun. \ mile away the "silent hamlet of the dead," with its narrow houses, stained by years
JUDGE RICHARD J. BYRNES' RESIDENCE
of sunshine and storm, told on their crumbling head-stones the abbreviated his- tory of those who broke the primeval wilderness into fields of plenty, and who reared the temple to the God in whose bosom they long had laid at rest. On this foundation, and with the blessing which nature abundantly showered upon them, the pioneers of 1850 built up the thriving village of to-day. labored and struggled that their children and children's children might enjoy the fruit of their industry, nourished by their brawn and watered by the sweat of their brows. Many of them, too, have passed away, but their works and memories remain.
To Judge Richard J. Byrnes, more than to any other individual, is due the success and growth of Hammonton, from 1856, when as a young Philadelphia
CYRUS F. OSGOOD.
73
HISTORY OF HAMMONTON.
banker, in partnership with Charles K. Landis, he opened up this section to set- tlers, and by liberal terms and advertising made known far and wide the many advantages of soil and climate until the present writing, honored and respected by his townsmen, he still is identified and interested in its welfare. It would be tedious to enumerate all who have contributed to this happy consummation, and an injustice to the memory and endeavors of those on whose shoulders was borne the first burden, to omit their names. Capt. A. Somerby, George Myers, Sr., Capt. C. J. Fay, Dr. Joseph H. North, Sr., Thomas and Henry Wetherbee, Gerry Valentine, Henry Pressey, Judge E. F. Mckean, H. F. Crowell, Asher Moore, Henry S. Ferris, Capt. Burgess, Capt. Davie, George Miller, and others, of which want of space prevents the mention. In those early days the station of the newly built Camden and Atlantic R. R. was located at what is now called Da Costa, named from John C. Da Costa, one of the early Directors and after- wards President of the road, and the land office of Byrnes and Landis was in the Old Coffin Mansion, at the lake, part of which was built in 1812. and which still stands on the right hand of the road as it crosses the dam. The old company store stood between the house and the lake, backed by a beautiful grove of stately oaks, where the village lads and maidens picknicked under their spreading boughs and celebrated with the older generations the Nation's birthday.
HAMMONTON LAKE.
For miles around the natives came to the old store to purchase provender. to swap stories and to fish for pickerel and catfish along the shore of the pond
DR. JOSEPH H. NORTH, SR.
75
HISTORY OF HAMMONTON.
and below the dam. Here tarried the towering loads of hay cut from the salt marshes near the crest and scowed up the Mullica to Pleasant Mills. Here stopped the clam and fish vender, whose melodious voice waked the echoes of many a silent lane from Absecon to Camden, and once along and over the little stream the colonial forces passed to Chestnut Neck. By there the okl stage ran. driven by Capt. Kimball, from Camden to Leeds Point every Wednesday and Saturday, and back again Thursdays and Mondays, and this was the first mail route of the early days, and from the old store the mail was delivered as late as 1859. Captain Kimball and his stage-coach are within my recollections. ofdl Judge Porter and his famous blacks have not passed from my memory, and the old family carriage of the Richards of Batsto, heavy and sombre, is not forgotten. The little station-house which succeeded the "Hogs-head" at the crossing in the
BELLEVUE AVENUE, HAMMONTON.
village, and over whose short counter young Lew Evans, now the handsome and staid State Senator, passed tickets in exchange for coin of the realm, for so many years has passed away, only the memories of the wonderful ticker, the rush and whirl of a passing express or excursion, and the advent of a new arrival in town, impressed upon the brain of a freckled bare-foot boy remain. It is a long span from the Hogs-head to the modern brick depot, from the old Delano Hotel, with its long porch and flat roof, to the commodious and comfortable Hotel Royal. from Robinson's little cobbling shop on Third street to the bustling factory of Osgood & Co., from the tallow dips to the electric lights which hang like stars along the highways and byways.
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