USA > New York > Steuben County > A history of Steuben County, New York, and its people, Vol. I > Part 2
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Hiliker, John, 362.
Hodgman, Walter E., 765.
Hoffman, Henry C., 376, 380, 381. Hogs, 319. Hoke, Caleb B., 225. Holland Land Company, 72. Hollands, George, 626. Holliday, Amos, 356. Hollis, George H., 223.
Hollister, S. Lisle, 515.
Holt, L. Emmett, 189.
Homes for the unfortunate, 466. Hornby. John, 77. Hornell, George, 193, 335. Hornell (city), 122, 164, 169. Hornell Chamber of Commerce,
170. Hornell Free Academy, 337. "Hornell Tribune-Times," 217. Horuellsville, 3. Hornellsville fairs. 316.
Hornellsville Guards (see Canaca- dea Rifles). Hornellsville schools, 333.
"Hornellsville Tribune," 214. Hosmer, Timothy, 106.
Houghton, Alanson B., 514 .. .
Houghton, Amory, 508.
Houghton, Arthur. A., 514.
Hough, Edwin H., 214, 224.
Hough, Leon, 224. Howard Atheneum, 338.
Howe, Paul C., 225.
Howe & Chisholm, 226.
Howell, Nathaniel W., 180.
Hoyt, Maurice A., 608.
Hoyt, Warren J., .609. Hubbard, Chauncey G., 667.
Hubbell, Willlam S., 264.
Hungerford, Calvin G., 839.
Hungerford, Daniel C., 840.
Hunt, Elizabeth D., 649. Hunter, Charles M., 660. Hubbell, Nehemiah, 470, 473. Hubbell, Philo P., 471.
Hulburt, John H., 836.
Hurlbut, Christopher, 115, 243, 356, 481-3. Hurlbut, John, 481, 482. Hurlbut home, 481. Hyde, A. B., 331. Hyde, E. R., 557.
Independence (town), 151. Indian councils, 53, 56, 63.
Indian Treaties (see also Indian councils)-Big Tree (Geneseo). 30; Fort Stanwix, 58; Fort Schuyler, 59; Albany, 63; Picker- ing treaty, 104; Painted Post, 133. Industries, 289. Ingersoll, Raymond V., 820.
Iroquois (The), 32. Irvine, William, 449.
Jack, Harvey P., 542. Jacobs, Alonzo A .. 856. Jacobs, Edward, 854.
Jacobs, John E., 546.
Jamison, John S., 394.
Jemison, Mary (White Woman of the Genesee), 26, 31, 44. Jemingson, John, 122. Jennings, S. H., 223. Jerusalem (town), 132. Johnson, Edward M., 222, 223.
Johnson, George W., 598.
Johnson, James, 352. Johnson, Thomas A., 175, 177.
Johnson, H. William. 16. 17. 18. 22, 282, 413. "Johnson Greys." 413. Johnstone. Louther. 78.
XVI
INDEX
Jones, Charles O., 631.
Jones. David, 180.
Jones, Horatio, 104.
Jones, James E., 478, 479, 914.
Jones, Lottie W., 632. Judicial circuits, 175.
Jury districts, 164, 166.
Justice of sessions, 176.
Kanadesaga (see Geneva). Kane, John J., 521.
Kanona, 239.
Kanona & Prattsburg Railroad, 252.
Karr, Margaret, 148.
Kellogg, Nathaniel, 352.
Kelly, O. H., 309.
Kemp, Milner, 758.
Kendall, Hugh H., 784.
Ken-is-tio destroyed, 16.
Kennedy, John, 447.
Kent county, 168.
Kennedyville (see Kanona).
Kernan, Francis, 160.
Kernan, William, 160.
Kersey, William, 175, 196.
Keuka (Crooked) lake, 4.
Kiefer, O. F., 602.
Kimball, William E., 792.
Kimmel, Peter J., 860.
King, William H., 382.
Kingsbury, Frank D., 793.
Kinney, Charles A., 541.
Kinsella, Philip R., 841.
Kirkland, Samuel, 71.
Kniskern, James, 373.
Knox, John, 472, 474.
Kress, Christian, 117-20.
Kysor, Leon M., 689.
Lackawanna & Pittsburg Railroad. 253.
Lake, M. R., 768. Lake home, 492. Lake Salubria, 5.
Lake Salubria (see Lake Willlam- son).
Lake Wanetta (Little lake), 5, 161. Lake Williamson, 98.
Lansing Jacob H., 384, 386, 392, 393, 450
la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Duc de. 97. 106.
LaRue, Benjamin F., 683. JaRne. Belmont M., 891. I .- ""ison, John H .. 605. T~throp. Austin, 686.
Larno. James, 558. I awrence, Frank H., 720. Lawrence, Ray G., 785. Lawyers, 179. T.ebart. Joseph W .. 625. Lee, A. T., 404.
Lee, Walter L., 901.
Lee, Wellington Gray, 420-6.
Leland, Ziba A., 305.
Lemen, William S., 358.
LeMunyan, Bert, 437.
Lewis, Edgar A., 825.
Lewis, John L., 475, 743.
Leonard, George H., 442.
Lillie, C. W., 189.
Lincoln county, 168.
Lindley (town), 91, 132.
Lindsley, Eleazar, 76, 91, 106, 124, 132, 175, 494.
Lindsley, Samuel, 368.
Literature fund, 329.
Little, John F., 539.
Loheck, Herman E., 749.
Lockhart, George, 148.
Lockwood, Belva, 335.
Logie. William K., 401, 402, 403, 462.
Loon lake, 5.
Lothrop, E. P., 187.
Lumher manufactures, 290.
Lumber points (early), 239.
Lumber rafts and raftsmen, 237.
Lusk. Graham, 188.
Lyon, Charles G., 632.
Lyon, James, 308.
McBurney, James, 369.
McBurney, James, 766.
McBurney, John B., 765.
McBurney, Thomas, 473, 483.
McBurney home, 483.
McCabe, Frank L., 808.
McCall. A. E., 209. McCall, Ansel J., 179.
McCarty, Walter S., 755.
McClay, William, 236.
McClure, George, -370, 446.
McConnell, Benton, 506.
McConnell, Joseph G., 532.
McCorn, Leroy, 589.
McCorn, Van Buren, 722.
McCoy, Cornelius, 154. McCoy, John, 361. McCurdy, James, 154.
McDougall, Avery, 414, 415, 416, 418. McDuffee, Daniel, 116.
McGlen, J., 337.
McHenry, Henry. 147.
Mckay house, 494.
McLean, W. F., 287.
McMaster, David, 175, 179, 307.
McMaster, Guy H., 92, 168, 177, 179, 180, 228, 615. McMaster. James S., 284.
McMichael, William, 746. McNamara, Michael F., 748. McNett, A. J., 403.
1
INDEX
XVII
Magee, John, 257-64. Magee homestead, 483. Mager, John, 250. MaGill, Robert J., 568. Major, Elizabeth, 148. Mallory, Lauren, 473, 474.
Malter, Nicholas, 575. Manley, Lucius N., 479, 944. Mann, Allison S., 888.
Manning, George A., 647.
Mapes, William, 48. Marlatt, Hamilton, 338.
Marts, George W., 610.
Marsh, Salem A., 828.
Marshall, Otto F., 305, 494.
Masonic history, 469.
Masterson, Peter, 180. Mathews, Vincent, 180. Maxwell, Hugh, 76. Mead, Eldad, 473.
Mead, Eli, 105. Messenger, Thomas, 209. Mexican war, 372.
Middletown, 163.
Military tract, 64, 74, 85.
Military history - Revolutionary pensioners, 351; soldiers of the war of 1812, 365; Steuben's na- tional militia, 366; the county's first militia, 368; War of 1812, 370; Mexican war, 372; the Can- acadea Rifles, 373; Companies C and D, Sixtieth Regiment, 374; in the Civil war, 376; Thirty- third New York Infantry, 376; Battery E, First New York Ar- tillery, 381; Thirty-fourth Regi- ment, New York Volunteers, 382; Eighty-sixth New York Volun- unteers (Steuben Rangers), 383; Third Corps at Chancellorsville, 386: heaviest losses of the Eighty-sixth, 389; One Hun- dredth and Seventh New York Volunteers, 395; Antietam and Chancellorsville, 396; One Hun- dred and Forty-first New York Volunteers. 401; One Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment, 404; saved the Army of the Gulf, 406; One Hundred and Seventy-ninth New York Volunteers, 408; One Hundred and Eighty-ninth New York Volunteers, 408; the "John- son Greys," 413; Forty-seventh Separate Company, N. G., N. Y., 414; three soldiers of fortune, 420.
"Mill at the Narrows," 492. Miller, Charles A., 585. Miller, Henry, 638. Miller, L. M., 102.
Miller, Peter, 359. Miller, Robert J., 645.
Milne, John, 867.
Mitchell, John D., 560.
Moffit, Eli, 360.
Mohawk grant, 21.
Montgomery county, 108.
Montour, Andrew, 18, 48. Montour, Catherine (Queen of the Senecas), 18, 49. Montour, John, 18.
Moore, James, 353.
Moore, William W., 435.
Morgan, Edwin D., 467.
Morrell, Robert, 175.
Morris, Robert, 31, 74, 76-80, 92-4, 125, 229, 499.
Morris, Thomas, 106, 136, 180. Mud lake, 5. Murray, Louise Welles, 117.
"National American," 218. Near, Irvin W., 335. Neel, Edith K., 668.
Nelson, Frank J., 750.
Nelson, Samuel, 175.
Newell, Henry B., 864.
Newman, George W., 435.
Newman. Winfield S., 436.
New Pre-emption line, 75.
Newspapers, 195.
Newtown, 39, 46, 49, 134.
New York Genesee Land Company, 57.
New York, Lackawanna & Western Railroad, 253.
New York & Erie Railroad, 250. New York & Pennsylvania Rail- road, 254.
Niagara Lessee Company, 71, 110, 124.
Nichols, William M., 267.
Niver, Abner T., 960. Noble, Mary L., 631. North Dansville, 156.
North Dansville (town), 163.
Norris, Carlton H., 814.
Norton, Thomas L., 566.
Officers of the line, 446. Ogden, Joseph, 355. O'Hara, James J., 778. "Old Academy," Bath, 331. Old Homes, 481. Old Pre-emption line, 74, 75, 80. Olney, Henry C., Jr., 753. Oneidas, 55, 62, 65. One Hundred and Seventh Regi- ment, 395. One Hundred and Forty-first N. Y. Volunteers, 401.
XVIII
INDEX
One Hundred and Sixty-first N. Y. Volunteers, 404.
One Hundred and Seventy-ninth N. Y. Volunteers, 408. One Hundred and Eighty-ninth N. Y. Volunteers, 408. Onondagas, 54, 61.
Ontario county, 104, 108, 131, 134, 164 ..
Orange (town), 158. Orcutt, William W., 606. Original towns (six), 163. Ossian (town), 151. Otsiquette, Peter
(see Dominie Peter).
Painted Post, 19, 47, 76, 91, 105,
110. 113, 114, 116, 127, 130, 134, 135, 234, 245, 297, 470, 471.
Painted Post (town), 163. Painted Post Lodge No. 117 (Ma- sonic), 470, 475.
Painted Post Lodge No. 203 (Ma- sonic), 469.
Palmateer, Isaac, 354.
Palmer, William E., 647.
Park, Charles F., 849.
Park, William R., 684.
Park school, Hornellsville, 333.
Parker, Phineas, 362.
Parker, Zenas L., 232, 937.
Parkhurst, John F., 175, 207, 267, 268, 596. Patchen. Walter, 356.
Patchin, Burt C., 849.
Patchin, Gordon M., 732.
Patchin, Warren, 186, 494.
Patrick, E. L., 401, 402.
Patrons of Husbandry, 309.
Patterson, Benjamin, 231, 234, 472. Patterson, George W., 270, 333.
Paul, Edwin A., 479.
Peck, Charles F., 216.
Peck, George W., 576.
Penny, Lowell A., 884.
Pettibone, Oliver, 106.
Phelps, John, 353. Phelps, Oliver, 70, 71, 73, 77, 90, 91, 104. 117-23, 125, 126.
Phelps and Gorham Purchase, 70-3, 82. 85, 90-4, 104, 106, 117-20, 228. T' 1j --. Alanson S., 326. 1 : il --. John E., 838.
Physicians (first), 185.
Pickering treaty, 104.
Pierpont, Charles Herbert, 78.
Pittinger, William E., 285.
Platt, Mary E., 614. Pleasant Valley Wine Company. 294. Pomeroy, Mark M. ("Brick"), 212. Pomona granges, 311.
Porter, Augustus, 74, 76. Potatoes, 319. Poultry, 319. Powers, David, 180.
Prangen, William H., 505.
Pratt, George W., 209-12, 705.
Pratt, Harry H., 210-12, 707.
Pratt, Henry V., 859.
"Prattsburg Advertiser," 225.
"Prattsburg News," 225.
Prentice, Narcissa, 343, 348.
Prentice, W. R., 337.
Prentiss, J. W., 294.
Press (see Newspapers). Preston, Geo. L., 623.
Pritchard, Truman S., 799.
Pulteney, Henrietta Laura (Coun- tess of Bath), 95, 499.
Pulteney, William, 77, 78, 92, 99, 103, 499. Pulteney estate, 78-80, 147.
Purdy, Frank L., 789.
Quackenbush, Samuel E., 643.
Railroad shops, 294.
Railroads, 162, 249.
Rathbone, 240.
Rathbun, Joseph A., 147, 148, 149.
Ray, Monroe D., 863.
Read, Elizabeth A., 654.
Read, Mortimer W., 599.
Reading (town), 156.
Reagan, Michael J., 964.
Red Jacket, 31, 71.
Redman, Elmer S., 336, 580.
Redsecker, Andrew, 857.
Reed, Ashahel W., 682.
Reed, Willard S., 717.
Rettig, Valentine, 798. Revolutionary pensioners, 351.
Reynolds, William H., 413, 414.
Rhodes, William C., 197.
Rice. Burrage, 409, 410.
Richardson, Cass, 286.
Richardson, William, 285, 559.
Richmond, Ardeen, 809.
Ridge road, 9. Riker, John, 364.
Ringrose, Charles L., 941.
River navigation, 236.
Robbins, Fred A., 548.
Robbins, Peter, 358.
Robie, Reuben E., 556.
Robinson, Charles P., 816.
Robinson, Emery A., 874.
Robinson, James N., 658. Robinson, John W., 440.
Robinson, Joseph W., 403.
Rockwell, L. Wilson, 681. Roff, David J., 766.
Rogers, Thomas F., 723.
INDEX
XIX
Rogers, William C., 339.
Rogersville Union Seminary, 340.
Roscommon (village), 161.
Rosenkrans, Lee V., 718. Rosenkrans, Maynard H., 822.
Ross, Stephen, 180.
Rudolph, George, 730.
Rumsey, David, 175, 802.
Rumsey, David, Sr., 206. Rumsey, William, 175, 282, 461, 478, 479, 800. Rutherford, Thomas R., 267.
Ryan, George W., 797. Ryan, Jesse A., 742. Ryder, J. H., 574. Ryers pond, 6.
Safety Fund system, 256. St. Ann's Academy, 337. St. Clair, Arthur, 128. St. James Mercy Hospital, Hornell, 468.
Sanborn, Nathaniel, 106.
Sanford, Ephraim, Jr., 156.
Santee, Fred C., 420-6.
Santee, John, 284, 285. "Savona Review," 226.
Sawyer, Samuel N., 170.
Schools and academies .- School acts, 324; schools of past and present, 328; high schools and academies, 330; Hornellsville schools, 333; academies at Addi- son and Howard, 337; Ham- mondsport and Rogersville, 339; Franklin Academy, 342; Whitman and Spaulding, 343; Canisteo Academy, 349. School acts, 324.
School districts, 327.
Schultz, Christopher, 357.
Schultz, William F., 655.
Schuyler, Philip, 136.
Schwarzenbach, James E., 566. Sebring, James O., 768.
Senecas (The), 19, 23, 25-34, 42, 54, 61, 65, 71.
Seneca Castle, 43, 75.
Shannon William E., 373. Shattuck, S. D., 224.
Sheep, 318.
Sheldon, John R., 701. Sheldon, Nathaniel, 361.
Shepard, Grover C., 817. Shepherd, Erastus, 206. Sherman, Myron C., 779.
Sherwood, Walter V., 437.
Shoemaker, Daniel, 924. Shults, Clyde E., 591.
Shults, William S., 680. Shumway, J. Nelson, 837. Sill, Allen N., 462.
Simmons, Frank H., 444. Simpson, Andrew, 475.
Simpson, Leverett, J., 975. Sixtieth Regiment, State Militia (Companies C and D), 374. Six Nations, 53, 54, 55, 57, 60, 126, 127. Smead, Benjamin, 305, 306.
Smith (C. P.) Bank, 287.
Smith, David F., 644.
Smith, Douglass H., 587.
Smith, Edwin C., 848.
Smith, Edwin F., 382, 383.
Smith, Georgetta, 880.
Smith, H. B., 779. Smith, John B., 878.
Smith, Joseph, 104.
Smith, Nancy, 620.
Smith, Sarah A., 783.
Smith, Sherman, 898.
Smith, Stephen, 362.
Smith, Thomas N., 507.
Smith, William J., 887.
Sodus Bay, Corning and New York Railroad Company, 254.
Soil, 8.
South Dansville, 156.
Southard. Henry, 363.
Southwick, W. Burton, 479.
Spaulding, Henry K., 344, 348, 349.
Specr, Frederick W., 178.
Spike, Daniel, 357.
Spore, John, 362. Stearns. Isaac, 486, 487.
Stephens, Elijah, 335.
Stephens, Jedediah, 193.
Stephens, John, 123.
Stephens, Joshua, 495.
Stephens, Uriah, 354.
Stephens, Uriah, Sr., 20, 117, 364.
Steuben, Frederick William Von, 139-46.
Steuben county-Evolution of, 108; Painted Post and Genesee coun- try. 113; the old Canisteo Flats, 117; "associates" divide town- ship; 121; what is now Hornell City, 122; causes of Phelps-Mor- ris ruin, 125; St. Clair and Wayne campaigns, 128; popula- tion in 1790, 132; futile treaty of Painted Post, 134; first legisla- tive representative, 135; rivalry between north and south towns, 136; Steuben country created, 136; the county's namesake, 138; boundaries and settlement of town of Almond, 147; pioneers of Alfred, 149; first settlers of Andover, 150; towns of Inde- pendence and Ossian, 151; Dans- ville, 153; losses of county terri-
XX
INDEX
tory, 156; town of Barrington, 156; Reading, 157; town of Or- ange, 158; Bartles and his arks, 158; settlement of Tyrone, 160; topography, 161; county seat and railroads, 162; six original towns, 163; divided into two jury dis- tricts, 164; Hornellsville protests, 166: three jury districts, 166; court terms, 167; third court house at Hornell, 169.
"Steuben and Allegany Patriot," 197.
Steuben County Agricultural Socie- ty, 299-309.
Steuben County Bank, 257, 263.
"Steuben Courier," 207.
"Steuben Evening Leader," 213. "Steuben Farmer's Advocate," 205. "Steuben Messenger," 206.
Steuben Society of the City of New York, 476.
Steuben Traction Company, 254.
Steuben's national militia, 366.
Stevens, A. D., 719.
Stevens, Edmund G., 762.
Stevens, Henry, 474.
.Stevenson, Jonathan D., 372.
Stewart, Alexander M., 945.
Stewart, Otto K., 663.
Stillwell, Marvin D., 404.
Stocum, John, 381, 409, 410.
Stone, Amos, 353. Stone, Emmett F., 646.
Storms, Frank E., 432.
Stowell, Claud V., 891.
Straight, Amos B., 775.
Strawn, Charles, 404, 465.
Streight, Abel D., 453. Strong, Joseph, 942. Strong, Nathan, 357.
Stuart, Donald, 338.
Stuart, Spencer H., 687.
Stuart, William, 180. Sturdevant, James, 358. Sullivan, John, 39, 40, 39-51.
Surrogate's court, 168, 178. Sutherland, Geo. R., 287, 479, 818.
Sutton, Orlando W., 810. Sutton, William R., 604. Swartwout, Aaron, 363. Swartwout, Anthony, 363. Swartout, B. C., 226. Swarthout, M. C., 558. Switzer, Andrew J., 582.
Taggart, James, 335. Tamarack, 466. Taylor, John. 57. Taylor, John D., 514. Terry, Fred W., 639. Teyawarunte, 17.
Thacher, Nathaniel, 335.
Thacher, Sarah, 333.
Thatcher, Safford M., 218.
Thirty-fourth Regiment, New York Volunteers, 382. Thomas, Joel, 117-20.
Thompson, Samuel, 361.
Thomson, Charles H., 270, 271.
Thornton, Madam Susan, 100-3.
Thornton, Presley, 100, 101.
Times Association, 219.
Tioga Iron, Mining and Manufac- turing Company, 250.
Tioga Navigation Company, 250.
Tioga river, 2.
Todd, Ephraim, 192.
Todd, Luzerne, 374, 464.
Tomer, H. S., 219.
Topography, 1. Townships and ranges (first), 75.
Train, Isaac, 353.
Trant, James F., 739.
Travis, David H., 907.
"Tribune-Times," 220.
Tripp, Vincent L., 225, 862.
Union Free School,
Troupsburg 338. True, George I., 534.
Tull, Joseph H., 385.
Tully, William J., 670.
Tuscarawas, 55.
Tuthill, Henry G., 375, 845.
Tuttle, Martin A., 865.
Tuttle, Russell M., 219, 220, 400.
'Tyler, Comfort, 85.
Tyler, Peter, 353.
Tyrone (town), 160.
'Twenty-third New York Infantry, 376.
Underhill, Anthony L., 198-204, 206 Underhill, Edwin S., 213, 960. United States Deposit fund, 329.
Upson, Asa, 335.
Urbana Wine Company, 295.
Van Auken, Elias, 360.
Van Campen, Moses, 147.
Van Gorder, Abraham, 356.
Van Sexter, Phillip, 468.
Van Valkenburg, Robert B., 396.
449.
Vegetables, 319. Vehicle manufactures, 292.
Vernon, Harold, 347.
Verplank, William B., 180.
Vogt, John B., 601.
Vineyards, 321.
Wadsworth, William, 244. Wagner, Nicholas J., 516. Wagner, William M., 548.
- INDEX
XXI
Waldo, Lucius A., 479, 813.
Walker, Charles C. B., 272, 737.
Walker, James E., 946. Wall, T. C., 226. War of 1812, 365, 370.
Ward, Abijah, 48.
Warner, John, 387.
Warren, Phineas G., 873.
Washburn, William, 409.
Watrous, Benjamin, 359.
Watson, Elkanah, 301-4.
Waugh, Joseph L., 640.
"Wayland Register," 226.
Wayne, Anthony, 130. Webb, Marion H., 870. Webster, Ephraim, 85. Weiss, Carl S., 420-6. Wellington, Quincy W., 271, 272, 518.
Wells, Benjamin, 369.
"Western Republican," 206.
Wheeler, Chandler, 488.
Wheeler, Charles C., 382.
Wheeler, George, 486.
Wheeler, Grattan H., 494.
Wheeler, Jeremiah, 485, 486.
Wheeler, Monroe, 563. Wheeler, Silas,. 494.
Wheeler homestead, 485.
White, Dexter M., 624. White. Fay H .. 888.
White, Hugh, 85, 87.
Whitestown, 85, 87.
Whiting, Leslie, 286.
Whitman, Marcus, 343-8.
Wilcox. Henry P., 952.
Wildman, Roundsville, 341. Wilkes, Robert B., 307.
Wilkinson, Jemima, 87, 88, 89, 132, 156. Willard, H. Burr, 860.
Willard, Waldo W., 679.
Williams, Aaron F., 665.
Williams, Charles D., 286.
Williams, Francis C., 744.
Williamsburg fair, 300.
Williamson, Charles, 77-80, 92-9, 104, 106, 128, 130, 175, 228-33, 299. 301, 368, 499. Williamson, Leon K., 941.
Williamson, Seymour C., 635.
Williamson (town), 105.
Williamson lake, 98.
Williamson road, 95, 98, 99. Willis, Clarence, 551.
Wilson, Lewis. F., 826.
Wine making, 294.
Winton, David B., 964.
Winton, Frances G., 964.
Wixon, Elizabeth. 156.
Wood, Israel, 306.
Woodlock, Thomas F., 347.
Woodworth, William, 357.
Wolfanger, Katharina B., 522.
Wolfanger, William, 522.
Wright, Benjamin J., 607.
Wyoming massacre, 23.
Young, Charles G., 892.
Zimmerman, Peter H., 540.
CHAPTER I.
TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY.
PART OF CONTINENTAL BACKBONE-THE UPLAND REGION-STREAMS REDUCED IN VOLUME-THE TIOGA RIVER-CHEMUNG AND CO- HOCTON RIVERS-THE CANISTEO, A GREAT WATERWAY-VEN- TURESOME ARK BOATS-BEAUTIFUL AND ROMANTIC LAKES- COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS-SOIL OF THE COUNTY-POOR COAL MINING PROSPECTS-MARKS OF AN INLAND SEA-BOULDER DE- POSITS AND DRIFT ROCK-NO UNIFORMITY OF DRIFT-HISTORIC AND ACTIVE GEOLOGY.
This county lies on the south border of the state, considerably west of the center and is one of the southern tier of the counties of New York. It is centrally distant from Albany, the state cap- ital, one hundred and eighty-eight miles. It is forty miles in ex- tent from east to west, and about the same distance from its north- ern to southern boundary, and contains about one thousand five hundred square miles. Its surface consists mostly of ridges and high rolling uplands, forming a spur, and the northern continua- tion of the Alleghany Mountains.
PART OF CONTINENTAL BACKBONE.
The watershed between the streams flowing into the affluents of Lake Ontario and the Susquehanna River extends across the county from west to east. The deep valley of Crooked, or Keuka, Lake breaks the continuity of the highlands and extends thirty miles from the foot of the lake, connecting with the Cohocton val- ley at Bath, and forming one of the numerous natural passes be- tween the southern valleys and the basin of Lake Ontario. The highlands occupying a portion of the western and northern portions of the county also form parts of the watershed drained by the branches of the Tioga, Canisteo and Cohocton Rivers, flowing southerly, and of the Genesee river and the lakes of central New York, flowing to the north. Indeed, this county must be regarded as a part of the backbone of the North American continent lying east of the Rocky mountains; for contiguous to the western border are sources of streams that feed the tributaries of the Mississippi, so that the waters of this county find their way to the sea by three great river systems, the St. Lawrence, Susquehanna and the Mis- sissippi.
Vol. 1-1
2
HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY
These are the highest summits and locations in the county above tidewater: Lake Keuka, 718 feet; Corning, 950 feet; vil- lage of Bath, 1090 feet; summit between Bath and Mud Lake, 1579 feet; Hornell, 1161 feet; Howard, 1840 feet; West Union, 1912 feet; Troupsburg, 2500 feet.
THE UPLAND REGION.
The upland region has nearly a uniform elevation, the range of altitudes is above mentioned, with slight inelinations toward the north. It is interseeted by numerous deep valleys, evidently excavated by the action of more powerful eurrents of water and of greater volume than now flow through them. Their formation be- longs to the drift period of geology. The formation of the steep hillsides bordering these valleys is such as to prove conclusively that they were once united, and that a wide rolling plateau spread over the region, now so irregular and broken. The principal of these valleys are those of the Tioga, Cohocton, and Canisteo riv- ers and their larger tributaries extending generally nearly north- west and southeast through the county. From these valleys num- erous other and smaller valleys diverge at nearly right angles, and branch off into countless deep, crooked ravines intersecting the plateau in every direction and disclosing many admirable, wonder- ful and romantie scenes, and interesting objects of study, not ex- celled by any other county in the state. The hills that border on these valleys are usually steep, from three hundred to six hundred feet high.
STREAMS REDUCED IN VOLUME.
These streams were all much larger before the destruction of the forests; in time of high water the early residents describe them as being full from hill to hill. Mud creek flows into the Co- hocton river at Savona in the town of Bath, and is the outlet of Mud lake in Schuyler county. At the time of the first settle- ment of this county this stream was navigable. Arks were floated from Mud lake, laden with grain, cattle and lumber from the adjacent territory, down this creek, the Cohocton and the Susque- hanna to the Baltimore market. Since the clearing away of the forests the stream has entirely failed for purposes of navigation, and now in summer it is almost entirely dry and can be forded without wetting the feet of the traveler.
THE TIOGA RIVER.
The Tioga river rises in Tioga county, in the northern part of Pennsylvania, in a wild, rugged country, flows through deep mountain valleys, north; crosses the state line in the town of Lind- ley, receiving the waters of a large tributary, the Cowanesque creek, whose source is in the highlands of the northeastern part of Potter county, Pennsylvania, whose western slopes are the source of many tributaries of the Genesee river, flowing north into Lake Ontario. The course of the Cowanesque creek is in an easterly direction, generally parallel and near to the south boundary line of Steuben county, receiving many considerable streams therefrom. Both the Tioga river and the Cowanesque creek were, until the completion of the railroads through their valleys, utilized for rafting naviga-
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HISTORY OF STEUBEN COUNTY
tion, the former from Blossburg and the latter from Westfield, Pennsylvania, during seasons of high water.
CHEMUNG AND COHOCTON RIVERS. .
The Tioga river is joined by the Canisteo, river in the town of Erwin in Steuben county, and with the Cohoeton river at. Painted Post in the last named town and county. At this place the combined streams take the name of the Chemung river, flow- ing from thenee in a southeasterly direction until it falls into and becomes the Susquehanna river at Tioga Point, Pennsylvania, about ten miles below Waverly, New York. The Chemung river. and its principal tributary was formerly and in some localities is yet called the northwest branch of the Susquehanna river.
The source of the Cohocton river proper is principally in the town of Wayland, in the northeast corner of the county, flowing in a southwesterly direction through the central part of the county., uniting with the Tioga river at Painted Post, these forming the Chemung and, farther on, the Susquehanna river. It receives the following tributaries from the southwest: Neil's, Goff, Camp- bell, Stockton and Michigan ereeks; and from the northeast : Twelve Mile, Ten Mile, Five Mile, Mud and Mead's ereeks. The summits from which these streams are recruited are from 1,600 to 1,800 feet above tide.
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