USA > New York > Steuben County > A history of Steuben County, New York, and its people, Vol. I > Part 54
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Corps won immortal glory. After the pursuit of the enemy for two days the Eleventh and Fifteenth Corps were headed for Knoxville, where Longstreet was making a threatening demonstration; but upon the approach of Sherman and Howard he beat a hasty retreat over the Virginia line for safety. This ended the march in that direction, and the regiment returned to its old camp at the base of Lookout Mountain, having in twenty-four days marched in the mud and rain about three hundred miles. It remained in winter quarters until January 24, 1864, when the Second Brigade was ordered to Shell . Mound, twenty-two miles from Chattanooga, where it re -. mained doing the usual picket duty, drilling, etc., until May 2nd, when it joined the First Brigade, First Division, Twentieth Army Corps, under the command of General Hooker, and immediately, in conjunction with the armies of the Cumberland, Tennessee and Ohio, made for Ringgold to attack the enemy, under the command of Joe Johnston. The battle of Resaca followed that of Ringgold, in which the regiment lost ninety-five men killed and wounded. Lieutenant Barber fell, instantly killed, and several officers were wounded. The . One Hundred and Forty-first also fought gallantly at Dallas, Pine Mountain and at Peach Tree Creek-the latter being the opening siege of Atlanta, where Colonel Logie and Lieutenants Warren and- Rabbitt were killed. Colonel A. J. McNett, who had been appointed to the position late in the December previous, in place of Lieutenant Colonel Patrick, resigned, lost his right arm. Major Clauharty, Adjutant Hazard and Lieutenant Shapper were severely wounded ; Captain Townsend and Lieutenant Willor were slightly wounded. Half the regiment was disabled, but stood its ground nobly under Captain Baldwin, who succeeded to the immediate command of the regiment during the slaughter of its officers and men, and victory continued to perch upou its banners. More fighting was at hand, and Atlanta fell September 2nd. The Twentieth Corps was the first to enter Atlanta. Soon afterward "Sherman's march to the sea" was begun, and after about a six weeks' campaign the Union army entered the city of Savannah December 21, 1864. Leaving Savannah January 17, 1865, Sherman swept northward through the Carolinas towards Virginia, constantly engaged in skirmishing with the enemy, but in no general engagement until the 17th and 19th of March, when the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville were fought. Here amid swamps and under every discouragement the One Hundred and Forty-first gained its last glory in severe battles ; and in its last campaign marched over five hundred miles, at the most inclement season of the year. After Johnston's surrender the march was commenced homeward from Raleigh, North Carolina, to_ Alexandria and Washington ; on May 24th the regiment participated in the Grand Review at Washington and soon after was mustered out . of service, reaching home June 13, 1865.
Among the men who served throughout the war and who re- turned to their home in Hornellsville at its close none was better known or more popular than Dr. Joseph W. Robinson, known to every man, woman and child for miles around as "Doc Joe." Dr. Robinson was the son of Dr. Charles D. Robinson, who died in Hor- nellsville in 1873. Joseph Robinson received his education at Alfred . University and at Oberlin College, Ohio. After a course of study with his father he entered the Buffalo Medical College, from which
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he graduated M. D. in 1860. He subsequently took a post-graduate course at Bellevue Medical College, New York. He entered the army in March, 1862, and was commissioned assistant surgeon, Eighty- second New York Volunteers. In February, 1863, Dr. Robinson was, for meritorious service at the battle of White Oaks, promoted to be surgeon of the One Hundred and Forty-first New York Volunteers, and while connected with this regiment held the position of brigade and division surgeon and received honorable mention by the generals commanding in their reports. On account of the failing health of his father, Dr. Robinson resigned his position in April, 1864. He returned in a short time and was commissioned surgeon of the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth Regiment, with rank from May 16, 1864, which position he filled until mustered out of the service at the close of the war, under general order of June 16, 1865. To write a history of Dr. Robinson's connection with the army would be to sketch an outline history of the camps, marches, battles and scenes of carnage in which his regiment took part. At the close of the war he returned to his home in Hornellsville, where he resumed the practice of medicine. Dr. Robinson was a bluff man who never minced matters, but spoke straight to the point, whether diagnosing a case or speaking on the topics of the day. He was generous to a fault and gave his services as freely to the poor as to those in afflu- ence. When he knew that he could live but a short time he called his assistant, and together they went through his books, and as the name of a needy person who owed the doctor money was encountered he directed that a receipt in full be sent. Dr. Robinson died at his home in Hornellsville, New York, January 4, 1887. His funeral was one of the largest ever held in the city.
ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIRST NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS.
Governor Morgan authorized the raising of the One Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment in the summer of 1862, and on August 15th the recruiting commenced. The regiment was reported full on Octo- ber 25th and on the 27th was organized and mustered into the I'nited States service at Elmira, New York, by Major A. T. Lee, as the One Hundred and Sixty-first. The following were the regi- mental and line officers: Colonel, G. T. Harrower; lieutenant colonel, Marvin D. Stillwell ; major, Charles Strawn; adjutant, Will- iam B. Kinsey; quartermaster, Marens E. Brown; surgeon, Lewis Darling ; first assistant surgeon, Joseph S. Dolson; second assistant surgeon, Charles M. Pierce ; chaplain, Thomas J. O. Wooden; ser- geant major, Philip L. Beach : quartermaster sergeant, J. C. Bee- man ; commissary sergeant, Rufus S. Alderman; hospital steward, George M. Beard. Company A-Captain, B. F. Van Tuyle; first lieutenant, John Gibson; second lieutenant, S. S. Fairchild. Com- pany B-Captain, Horace B. Brown; first lieutenant, George R. White ; second lieutenant, William H. Clark. Company C-Captain, Robert R. Dumars ; first lieutenant, Orlando N. Smith ; second lieu- tenant, D. D. Kniffin. Company D-Captain, George E. Biles ; first lieutenant, James M. Cadmus ; second lieutenant, T. Scott DeWolf. Company E-Captain, Peter H. Durland; first lieutenant, Robert J. Burnham ; second lieutenant, George O. Howell. Company F- Captain, John Stosuin ; first lieutenant, John F. Little : second lieu- tenant, James Faucett. Company G -- Captain. Edmund Fitzpatrick ;
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first lieutenant, Nelson P. Weldrick; second lieutenant, George B. Herrick. Company I-Captain, Samuel A. Walling ; first lieutenant, -Myron Powers ; second lieutenant, Edwin A. Draper. Company K -- Captain, George M. Tillson; first lieutenant, Mathew B. Ludding- ton; second lieutenant, Henry O. Jewell.
The regiment left Elmira November 17th, proceeded to New York and encamped at Union Course, where they remained until December 4th, when, having received orders to join the expedition of General Banks, the regiment embarked on the steamer "North- ern Light" and with the fleet sailed under sealed orders. Their destination proved to be New Orleans, at which place they landed December 17th. After remaining for a few weeks on the banks of the Mississippi river above the city the regiment moved to the rear of the city, where it went into winter quarters. The One Hundred and Sixty-first Regiment was assigned to the Second Brigade on December 31st, Colonel H. W. Birge; First Division, Brigadier Gen- eral Grover, and the Nineteenth Corps. January 21st, together with the Thirtieth and Fiftieth Massachusetts. One Hundred and Seventy- fourth New York and Second Louisiana, it was assigned to the Third Brigade, Colonel, N. A. M. Dudley ; First Division, Major General Augur, and the Nineteenth Corps. During the winter the One Hun- dred and Sixty-first had spent a great portion of the time in hat- talion and brigade drill and became in all respects one of the best disciplined regiments in the Department of the Gulf. At this time Admiral Farragut was in command of the marine forces at New Orleans, and being anxious to run a portion of his fleet past the batteries of the enemy at Port Hudson, on the 12th of March ordered the Nineteenth Corps up the east side of the river, to attract the attention of the garrison, thereby affording the water forces an ad- vantage. After marehing thirteen miles the order was counter- manded and the main body sent to New Orleans, while the One Hundred and Sixty-first, together with three other regiments, was shipped on transports and landed eighteen miles up the river, on the west bank. General Banks now made preparations to march towards Port Hudson, and on May 12th the Third Brigade broke . camp and commenced the march. May 21st the main force came upon the enemy at the Plain's Store road, where a sharp engage- ment took place, and the Rebel forces were routed and driven towards Port Hudson. The regiment moved forward, and on May 24th the whole command halted within one and one-half miles of the center of the enemy's works. It soon became evident that a charge was the only effective means of reaching the enemy's works, and on the 26th of May a storming party, consisting of thirty men, a captain and a lieutenant from each regiment of the First Division, was called for. The material of which the One Hundred and Sixty-first was made up can be imagined, when, in response to the call for volun- teers, so many officers and men volunteered for the perilous task that it became necessary to appoint a special committee to make the seleetions. All arrangements being completed, May 27th the entire land force, the artillery brigade and the fleet of gunboats upon the river opened a simultaneous attack. The contest was a terrible one; the artillery and fleet poured a flaming sheet of fire of shot and shell; the land forees fought with bravery and per- severance never excelled; while the assaulting column rushed into
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the very jaws of death. The enemy from his strongly intrenched position poured a murderous fire of grape and canister into the ranks of blue, and men fell like grain before the reaper's siekle. After the attack the regiment continued to hold its old position in the ravines until June 14th, when another grand attaek was made, and again were the Union forees compelled to withdraw. On July 4th Vicks- burg was surrounded and General Gardner in command of Port Hudson, having defended the position as long as he deemed his duty required, on July 9th the stronghold was surrendered and oeeupied by the Union forces. From Port Hudson the regiment pro- ceeded down the river, and on the 9th disembarked at Donaldson- ville and on the 12th moved to Cox's plantation, six miles distant. On the following day the enemy threatened an attaek, and, after forming in line of battle, the Union forces, seeing that they were greatly inferior to the enemy in numbers, fell back in good order to a position that offered more advantages, near the town. The enemy opened a brisk fire, which was kept up for some time, the One Hundred and Sixty-first losing six killed and thirty-nine wounded, with nine missing. The regiment remained at Donaldsonville until July 31st, when they embarked for Baton Rouge and returned to their "Old Camp Ground." August 15th the regiment was assigned
to the First Brigade, First Division, Tenth Army Corps. September 2nd the regiment embarked for New Orleans and was ordered to General Bank's expedition to Sabine Pass. Four companies were detailed as sharpshooters on the gunboats-A and B on the "Arizo- na," E. on the "Granite City" and D on the "Sachem." Companies C, F, G and I, under command of Captain W. E. Craig, were de- tailed as a storming party to attack the enemy and foree a landing. These companies, with others of different regiments, were command- ed by Captain Fitch, of the Seventy-fifth New York, and were on the steamer "General Banks." Companies H and K were with Lieutenant Colonel Kinsey on the "N. H. Thomas." Upon arriv- ing near the Pass the gunboats opened fire, and soon one became dis- abled and another grounded. The troops were not landed, the expe- dition proving a failure, and the regiment returned to New Or- leans. In the action at the Pass Company D had two men wounded and ten scalded, and Lieutenant Lindsay with seventeen men were taken prisoners. They were exchanged July 22, 1864. The One Hundred and Sixty-first was ordered to join the expedition to the Teche country, and on September 15th the soldiers left camp. After a series of marches the regiment went into camp November 17th, near Bayou Teche, where it remained until January 7, 1864, when it began the march towards Franklin, which was reached on the 9th. Here the regiment went into camp, and the men enjoyed themselves for eight weeks.
SAVED THE ARMY OF THE GULF.
March 15th the entire army broke camp and began its march on the famous Red River expedition, and, after a series of fatiguing marches, came upon the enemy at Pleasant Grove. Here a terrible engagement was fought, in which the gallant One Hundred and Sixty-first saved the whole army from a most humiliating defeat. It lost nine killed, thirty-four wounded and thirty-nine missing. At the close of the battle Brigadier General Dwight, on an official visit
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to the regiment, addressed the men as follows: "Officers and men of the One Hundred and Sixty-first New York Volunteers: I ap- pear before you to thank you for your gallant conduct in the battles through which you have just passed. In that of Pleasant Grove you were ordered, upon your arrival, to advance and hold the enemy in check until the division could form in line of battle. Under a hot and destructive fire you accomplished your mission. By your gal- lant bearing you saved the Army of the Gulf from destruction, and it affords me the highest pleasure to convey to you the thanks of the commanding general. Again, at Pleasant Hill, in your move- ments by 'column of company' under fire, you marched with as much order and precision as if you had been upon a review. To your lieutenant colonel much praise is due for the skillful manner in which he handled the regiment. Officers and men of the One Hun- dred and Sixty-first New York, I thank you."
The regiment participated in all of the movements of the dis- astrous Red River campaign. The One Hundred and Sixty-first went into camp at Morganzia, where it remained until June 18th, when, having been selected to form part of an engineering brigade, it marched to Vicksburg, arriving in that city on the 20th. The regi- ment had hardly begun preparations for engineering work when or- ders were received to move. and on July 23rd they embarked for White River, Arkansas. Here the regiment remained for a few days and returned to Vicksburg, where it was joined by Lientenant Lindsay and seventeen others, who had been prisoners in Texas for eleven months. August 13th the engineering brigade was abandoned, and the One Hundred and Sixty-first was attached to the Nineteenth Corps, in the Department of the Gulf. The regiment now com- menced a series of marches and skirmishes, changing position almost daily. August 14th it left Vicksburg for New Orleans, and on the day following their arrival returned and were transferred to the Seventeenth Corps. On the 20th it again embarked for New Or- leans, where it shipped on the steamer "Cahaba" for Mobile bay, to assist in the reduction of Fort Morgan, arriving in front of that stronghold on the day of its capitulation. On the 25th it was sent across the bay to Cedar Point, and September 2nd embarked on the old blockade runner "Kate Dale," en route to Morganzia, which place was reached September 6th. About six weeks was taken up
in changing from place to place. The regiment was ordered -to Paducah, Kentucky, and on the 26th marched to Columbus and encamped, where it remained until November 20th, when it was ordered to Memphis. December 19th they left Memphis and em- barked for New Orleans. January 11th the One Hundred and Sixty- first landed at Kennersville, twelve miles above the city, and went into camp. February 11th it left Kennersville for New Orleans and thence proceeded to Mobile bay. The regiment participated in the capture of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely and was present at the surrender of Mobile, April 12th. Here it remained in camp nntil May 20th, when orders were received detaching the One Hundred and Sixty-first from its brigade, with instructions to establish a military post at Apalachicola, Florida. While here the weather was intensely hot, and much sickness prevailed. On the 26th of July an order was received to embark for the Dry Tortugas, to relieve the One Hundred and Tenth New York, whose term of service would
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soon expire. The regiment remained in this desolate plaee until September 25th, when, having been mustered out on the 20th, it embarked for New York city. The city was reached on the 6th of October and Elmira on the 12th, where the battle-scarred One Hun- dred and Sixty-first were the recipients of a grand ovation tendered by the patriotic residents of the city. The address of welcome was delivered by the Hon. Tracy Beadle, of Elmira. In the words of the chaplain of the regiment: "Thus closed the military history of the One Hundred and Sixty-first New York-a regiment which had traveled eleven thousand miles by water and twelve hundred by land, carrying its tattered flag, torn by the enemy's bullets, over the burning plains of the south, into the thickest of the fight and into seven different states and come home with not an act to regret, not a stain on its banners and with a history for endurance and hero- ism untarnished and glorious."
ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-NINTH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS.
The One Hundred and Seventy-ninth New York Volunteer In- fantry was organized April 13, 1864, and was mustered into United States service on the same day. It served with honor throughout the war and was mustered out at the close of hostilities, after tak- ing part in the Grand Review at Washington. The regiment par- ticipated in the following engagements: Petersburg, July 17 and 30, 1864; Weldon Railroad, August 29, 1864; Poplar Springs Church, September 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, October 27, 1861; was before Petersburg April 1, 1865; capture of Petersburg, April 2, 1865. The field-and-staff officers of the regiment were as follows: Colonel, William M. Gregg; lieutenant colonel, Franklin B. Doty; major, Albert A. Terrill; surgeon, Joseph W. Robinson ; assistant surgeon, P. E. Rose; chaplain, E. A. Taft; adjutant, George W. Cook ; quartermaster, N. P. T. Finch.
Of the men who went out from Hornellsville with the One Hun- dred and Seventy-ninth regiment none was better known or more popular with both the officers and men of the regiment than Lieu- tenant Colonel Franklin B. Doty and Lieutenant Martin V. Doty, afterwards brevetted major. Colonel Franklin B. Doty, after whom Doty Post No. 226, G. A. R., of Hornell, is named, was a captain in the Twenty-third New York Infantry. He was made lieutenant colonel of the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth New York Volun- teer Infantry. Colonel Doty was born April 15, 1830. He was wounded in front of Petersburg, June 17, 1864; mortally wounded while in command of the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth and while leading a charge at the capture of Petersburg, April 2, 1865; died of his wounds April 5, 1865. Martin V. Doty, of Hornellsville, was a lieutenant in the Twenty-third New York Volunteers. He was made captain in the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth regiment and afterwards brevetted major for gallant conduct. He was born No- vember 1, 1832 ; died at his home in Hornellsville February 17, 1884.
ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINTH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS.
The One Hundred and Eighty-ninth regiment was organized in September, 1864. Four of its companies were raised in Steuben county-Companies A, C, G and H. The remaining six companies were raised in the counties of Alleganv, Oswego, Madison and Onei-
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da. Of the field and staff officers the following were from Steuben county : Colonel, William W. Hayt, of Corning; quartermaster, J. L. Brown, Corning; Captain Jolin Stocum, of Company A, was from Bath; First Lieutenant B. N. Bennett, of Company A, came from Howard, as did Second Lieutenant John W. Brown, of that company ; Captain Burrage Rice, of Company C, came from Bath ; First Lieutenant Dwight Warren, of Company C, also came from Bath; and Second Lieutenant Mortimer W. Reed, of the same, came from Urbana. Captain William Washburn, of Company G, came from Cohocton, as did his first lieutenant, Edwin A. Draper. Cap- tain Nathan Crosby, of Company H, came from Bath, as did his first and second lieutenants, Hiram F. Scofield and L. G. Ruther- ford. Company A was raised by Captain John Stocum, in the town of Bath; unaided and alone he raised and equipped it in nine days. At the election of its officers the company unanimously chose Benjamin N. Bennett for its first lieutenant and John W. Brown for second lieutenant. Company C was enlisted in August, 1864, in Wheeler, Bath, Kanona, Avoca and Urbana, by Captain Rice, assisted by Lieutenants Robinson and Warren. Mustered and clothed by the 13th, it was first assigned to the One Hundred and Seventy-fifth New York, but a revocation of that assignment was secured by Captain Rice, and it was afterwards made a part of the One Hundred and Eighty-ninth regiment. On November 4, 1864, Captain Rice was promoted to brigade inspector on the staff of Brigadier General Gregory, of the Second Brigade, to which the One Hundred and Eighty-ninth belonged, a position he held with great .credit until January 11, 1865, when he was shot dead by am- bushed guerrillas, who attacked a foraging party under his command. Company G was recruited in the towns of Cohocton, Avoca and Wayland. The maximum number of men was raised by the per- severance and addresses of William Washburn assisted by E. A. Draper; and was mustered in September, 1864. Mr. Washburn was chosen captain and Mr. Draper first lieutenant ; A. J. Alden, sec- ond lieutenant. Company H, of this regiment, was raised chiefly in the town of Bath. In the fall of 1864, after Captains John Sto- cum and Burrage Rice had each raised a company of men, the quota of the town of Bath not yet being full, for the call for five hundred thousand, Hon. D. B. Bryan, of Sonora, John T. Allen and others, of Bath, proposed to supervisor John L. Smith that the authority be obtained for Professor N. Crosby to recruit a company of in- fantry. Duly authorized from Albany and assisted by Lieutenants H. F. Scofield and L. G. Rutherford and Sergeants D. Crosby, R. McMann and S. P. Teachman, he succeeded so well that in five days were mustered at Elmira, on the 13th of September, over seventy men for this company, who thereupon received furlough's home until the 26th. At the appointed time they returned, with enough others, to fill the complement and about one hundred besides. Captain Crosby and his lieutenants were mustered on the 19th, and Company H awaited orders to move to the front. The companies of Captains Bernan, Washburn, Hill and Pond were sent forward before the regimental organization was completed and, arriving at City Point, encamped near the depot of the United States Mail Railroad and engaged in guard duty and drilling under General Patrick. On Monday, October 24th, the remaining six companies arrived from
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Washington. The first movement of consequence was to Warren Station, fifteen miles, November 1st, Colonel Hayt having been ordered to report to General Warren, commanding the Fifth Corps, in front of Petersburg. Upon its arrival here the regiment was placed in General E. M. McGregor's Second Brigade, Griffin's First Division, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, General Meade commanding. The following few days were mainly spent in build- ing tents, policing streets and fitting up the camp in comfortable military style. On the 5th Colonel Hayt went down to City Point, leaving the regiment in command of Captain Stocum, and while there, on the 12th of November, died suddenly of congestion of the brain. When this sad news reached the command at Warren Sta- tion the commissioned officers of the regiment were convened by order of Lieutenant Colonel Allen L. Burr. After mutual con- sultation, by request, the commanding officer appointed Captain Barrage Rice, Chaplain William H. Rogers and Captain William H. Withey a committee to draft resolutions expressive of the sentiments of the regiment. November 24th, 'Thanksgiving Day, was spent in camp by the regiment partaking of a bountiful supply of baked poultry, etc., sent from the north. December 6th commenced the celebrated raid on the Weldon railroad. After destroying miles of the road, tearing up the tracks, burning up the ties and heating and bending the rails so as to render them useless and effectually cut- ting of the Rebel's communications with their supplies and rein- forcements from North Carolina, the regiment returned and went into camp before Petersburg, between the Jerusalem Plank Road and the Gurley House, where the whole brigade rendezvoused for the rest of the winter. A foraging expedition was sent out on Janu- ary 11, 1865, and visited a forsaken plantation at a considerable dis- tance off the Jerusalem Plank Road, about six miles outside the Union lines and some eight miles from camp. Captain Rice was in command. While the teamsters were loading he stationed picket guards at a distance, to be on the watch for the enemy. He was informed by a resident of the near proximity of a band of Rebels. They soon made their presence known by firing twice upon his com- mand and retreating, so that when the reserve guard was sent for- ward they could not be discovered. The train was loaded and as quickly as possible commenced the return. By order of Captain Rice Company H, under command of Lieutenant H. F. Scofield, had the advance, both going and coming, throwing out skirmishers on each side of the road under Lieutenant J. G. Rutherford. About a mile from the Jerusalem Plank Road a dense wooded swamp, swollen full by the recent rains, compelled the flankers on the left of the train to come into the road to pass. The enemy, secreted in this swamp, as near the road as possible, fired upon the middle and rear of the passing train. Instantly riding back from the front, Captain Rice ordered it forward as rapidly as possible, commanding the men to halt and form in line of battle. The firing of the enemy, the hurry of the teams and wagons produced such confusion that the two companies of the One Hundred and Eighty-ninth were the only ones that stood firmly and deliberately returned the fire of the ene- my. Here Captain Rice fell from his horse mortally wounded. The officers and men gathered around him. The firing of the enemy had ceased. With rare presence of mind in such an extremity, Captain
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