USA > New York > Broome County > Broome County, New York, rural directory, 1917 > Part 2
USA > New York > Broome County > Broome County, New York, rural directory, 1917 > Part 2
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
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Windsor
iv
Wood, Frank Autos
Deposit
24
Woodard, Geo., & Son General Store
W. Colesville
212
Workers Trust Co. Banking
Johnson City
227
Young- Men's Christian Asso-
ciation
Binghamton
270
Youngs, J. D. General Store
Port Crane' 212
Zapoleon's Quality Shop.
Women's Wear
Binghamton
268
.
4
RURAL DIRECTORY
Concrete
Concrete is made by mixing together Portland cement, sand and stone (or gravel). Various proportions of each are used, depending upon the use to which the concrete is put. About half an hour after mixing these materials together, the mass begins to stiffen, until, in from half a day to a day, it be- comes so hard that you cannot dent it with the hand. By a month the mass is hard as stone-indeed, harder than most stones. The best way to buy cement is in cloth sacks. Manufacturers charge more for cement in cloth sacks, but allow a rebate for the return of the empty sacks. A bag of cement weighs 95 pounds, and four such bags make a barrel of 380 pounds.
It is important that your stock of cement be kept in a dry place. Once wet, it becomes hard and lumpy, and in such condition is useless. If, how- ever, the lumps are caused by pressure in the storehouse, the cement may be used with safety. Lumps thus formed can be easily broken by a blow from the back of a shovel.
In storing cement, throw wooden blocks on the floor. Place boards over them and pile the cement on the boards, covering the pile with a canvas or a piece of roofing paper. Never, under any circumstances, keep cement on the bare ground, or pile it directly against the outside walls of the building.
Do not use very fine sand. If there is a large quantity of fine sand handy, obtain a coarse sand and mix the two sands together in equal parts; this mix- ture is as good as coarse sand alone.
Sometimes fine sand must be used, be- cause no other can be obtained; but in such an event an additional amount of cement must be used-sometimes as much as double the amount ordinarily required. For example, in such a case, instead of using a concrete 1 part ce- ment, 21/2 parts sand and 5 parts stone, use a concrete 1 part cement, 11/4 parts sand and 21/2 parts stone.
Besides being coarse, the sand should be clean. The presence of dirt in the sand is easily ascertained by rubbing a little in the palm of the hand. If a little is emptied into a pail of water, the presence of dirt will be shown by the discoloration of the water. This can be discovered also by filling a fruit jar to the depth of 4 inches with sand and then adding water until it is within
an inch of the top. After the jar has been well shaken, the contents should be allowed to settle for a couple of hours. The sand will sink to the bottom, but the mud, which can be easily recognized by its color, will form a distinct layer on top of the sand, and above both will be a clear depth of water. If the layer of mud is more than one-half inch in thickness, the sand should not be used unless it is first washed.
To wash sand build a loose board platform from 10 to 15 feet long, with one end a foot higher than the other. On the lower end and on the sides nail a board 2 by 6 inches on edge to hold the sand. Spread the sand over . this platform in a layer three or four inches thick, and wash it with a hose. The washing should be started at the. high end and the water allowed to run through the sand and over the 2-by-6- inch piece at the bottom. A small quantity of clay or loam does not injure the sand, but any amount over 5 per cent. does.
Great care should be used in the selection of the stone or gravel. The pebbles should be closely inspected to see that there is no clay on their sur- face. A layer of such clay prevents the "binding" of the cement. If neces- sary, stone or gravel may be washed in the same way as above described for sand. Dust may be left in the crushed stone without fear of its inter- fering with the strength of the cement, but care should be taken to see that such dust is distributed evenly through the whole mass, and when dust is found in stone, slightly less sand should be used than ordinarily. As to the size of stone or gravel, this must be de- termined by the form of construction contemplated. For foundations or any large thick structure, use anything from 1/2 to 21/2 inches in diameter. For thin walls use 14 to 1-inch stone. The best results are obtained by the use of a mixture of sizes graded from small to large. By this means the spaces be- tween the stones or pebbles are reduced and a more compact concrete is ob- tained. Moreover, this method makes it possible to get along with less sand and less cement.
Water for concrete should be clean and free from strong acids and alkalies. It may be readily stored in a barrel
5
BROOME COUNTY
McManamy & Rodman The Largest Stove and Housefurnishing Store in the Southern Tier
Ranges, Furnaces Plumbing Material Kitchen Furnishings Gas and Electric Fixtures Lighting Effects Electric Supplies
39 and 41 Chenango Street
Binghamton
:
:
New York
6
RURAL DIRECTORY
beside the mixing board and placed on the concrete with a bucket.
. If you are at all in doubt about the purity of the water that you contemplate using, it would be well to make up a block of concrete as a test, and see whether the cement "sets" properly.
For ordinary work a very satisfac- tory concrete mixture is 1 part of Port- land cement, 212 parts of clean sharp sand, 5 parts of broken stone. In heavy foundation work, the quantity of cement can be considerably less. The important thing is to have the sand and cement thoroughly mixed, and to use only clean sand. Use only as much water as necessary. It is not well to work con- crete in freezing weather.
Cold Storage Without Ice
Why not have a cold storage room somewhere on the farm? Winter apples may be kept in such a place until spring, thus avoiding the necessity of market- ing the fruit at unprofitable times. A Pennsylvania farmer has such a place built in one part of his barn-a double- walled, double-doored, paper-lined space wherein he stores many hundred bushel crates of selected fruit. He says that the main essentials are to keep out heat and frost from the room. On cool nights he leaves the doors open, shut- ting them again when the sun begins to warm things up in the morning-the idea being to use cold air instead of ice for reducing the room's temperature. He aims to get the temperature in the room as low as possible without freez- ing the apples, and then hold it there. Night air is cheaper than ice, he says, and about as good.
How to Make and Use a Fireless Cooker
A saver of time, fuel and labor is the fireless cook stove, which can be made at home, absolutely without ex- pense, and, though not adapted to all kinds of cooking, answers well for food that requires long, slow cooking to soften tissues, bring out flavors and conserve the juices, such as stews, pot roasts, soups, cereals, rice, tapioca, dried fruits, vegetables, etc. It consists of a kettle of agate or tin, inclosed in a box with insulating material between them to pre- vent the heat of the kettle from escap- ing. Food brought to the boiling point over a fire, and inclosed, still boiling, continues to cook. This is the whole
principle. Choose a kettle with tight- fitting lid and a box large enough to allow six or eight inches of insulating material. Line the box, bottom, sides and hinged-on lid with stout packing paper, or several thicknesses of news- paper. Make a firm, cylindrical shape to fit easily around the kettle and fasten a circular bottom to it. This might be of asbestos paper, or paper soaked in alum water and dried. Then no matter how hot the kettle there would be no danger of scorching. Fill the bottom of the box with packing, which can be of cotton, wool, ground cork (in which im- ported grapes are packed and which grocers are usually willing to give away). Hay will answer, but does not pack so closely as these. Pack hard to a depth of three inches, place the cylinder, con- taining the kettle in the middle, ~and pack tightly around it, even with the top. The insulating material can be covered neatly with cloth, or a thin board with a round hole in the middle. A thick cushion will insulate the space between this and the lid, which must be fastened down tightly. If desired to cook several things at once it is best to have two or three such cookers, as the box should not be opened after the food is put in, except to reheat. Some persons prefer using a sort of double boiler, the inner kettle, containing the food, being placed in a larger one, partly filled with hot water. In this case the water in both kettles must be actually boiling. An additional vegetable can be put in the outside kettle, or water kept hot in it for dishwashing.
Ready-made cookers can be bought, but are rather expensive. Some of these will also bake and roast by means of thick disks of concrete which must be made very hot on the stove, then put under and over the kettle containing the food. The idea might be applied to the home-made cooker by heating soapstone griddles. These might be heated at the same time with a large iron pot. The meat or chicken, which should be sea- soned, can be put in a kettle, a hot disk put in the bottom of the pot, the kettle, set on this; the other disk put on top, then put the lid on the pot and bury in the cooker. The pot, however, should be inclosed in asbestos paper to avoid pos- sible ignition. It would be interesting for each housekeeper to experiment and invent improvements on the central idea. The time required for cooking vegetables varies according to their age and fresh-
7
BROOME COUNTY
POPULAR PRICED SHOES FOR THE FAMILY
A Store catering to your every want in footwear line. Always a complete line of SHOES AND RUBBERS for men, women and children from the newest in novelties right down to plain, every-day shoes. ALWAYS BEST VALUES
PARLOR CITY SHOE COMPANY 57 CHENANGO ST., Near Henry. BINGHAMTON, N. Y.
Binghamton Optical Company
Wholesale Opticians
Prescription Lens Grinding .. Optical Goods
212 Press Building BINGHAMTON, N. Y. 1
8
RURAL DIRECTORY
ness, so only the approximate time neces- sary can be given. There is little danger of their being overdone, or at least in- jured by long cooking, and if under- done it is always possible to take out the kettle, reheat, and return to the cooker, or if needed quickly, to finish on the range.
It is not worth while to use the cooker for food that takes but a short time to cook, such as corn, spinach, young peas, asparagus, etc., since the water for these must be brought to the boil anyhow, they can as well be cooked on the stove. Do not place the kettle next the flame but always have a lid under it.
POTATOES
Five minutes over fire, an hour in the box. Potatoes must not be left overtime in box or they become watery.
RICE PUDDING
Mix together in the kettle 1/2 a cupful of rice, a quart of milk, a tablespoonful of butter, 1/2 a cupful of sugar, a little salt and grated nutmeg. Boil on stove five minutes, in cooker six hours.
BREAD PUDDING
Soak 1/2 a pint of bread crumbs in a pint of milk, add a beaten egg, 2 table- spoonfuls of sugar and a pinch of salt. Beat with a spoon; heat on the stove till just short of boiling, stirring all the time. Put in the cooker an hour and serve with vanilla sauce.
CHICKEN FRICASSEE
Disjoint a chicken, roll in flour and brown in a little fat; as the pieces brown pack them in the kettle, and make ·some gravy in the skillet. Put this and a little water to cover the chicken. Boil twenty minutes, then put in cooker over night.
BOILED HAM
If wanted for 6 o'clock dinner, put ham weighing six pounds in kettle at 9 a. m. Cover with cold water and bring to a boil; boil briskly fifteen min- utes. Put the lid on the kettle when it begins to boil and don't take it off till it is taken out of the hay box, in which it should be put while still boil- ing. At 2 o'clock take out, boil up again, put in a few cloves and 2 or 3 peppercorns. At 5.30 take out, skin, put in a pan, fat side up, stick in a few cloves, sprinkle slightly with sugar and plentifully with bread crumbs and bake in the oven till well done.
ONIONS
Of moderate size, boiled ten minutes on the range, should be tender after four hours in cooker.
STRING BEANS
Cut off the strings and slice down the middle; give five minutes over the fire, four hours in cooker.
CAULIFLOWER AND YOUNG CABBAGE
Five minutes over fire, five hours in cooker.
Cereals started over the fire at sup- per time and placed in the box should be ready for breakfast with just re- heating. Half a cupful of cereal poured into three cupfuls of boiling water, with a teaspoonful of salt is about the pro- portion.
A fireless cooker can be used for things to be kept cold as well as hot. Ice cream, if frozen, then packed in a kettle with ice and sunk in the box will not melt, and butter if put in it cool and hard will keep in the same condition, as the air is practically excluded.
BOSTON BAKED BEANS
Soak 2 cupfuls of beans in cold water a whole day. At supper time drain, cover with fresh water, put over the fire and simmer slowly for half an hour; pour off the water, scrape a 14 pound of salt pork, cut off a slice and push it down through the beans to the bottom of the pail; score the rest and put, rind side up, in middle of the beans. Mix a teaspoonful of salt, a tablespoon- ful each of sugar and molasses, just a dust of mustard, a half teaspoonful of baking soda and a cupful of boiling water. Add enough more water to come to the top of the beans. Cover, and boil ten minutes; then put in cooker. In the morning reheat for ten minutes, re- turn to the box and about half past five in the afternoon take out, sprinkle a tablespoonful of sugar over the top, leave off the cover, put in hot oven for half an hour.
POT ROAST
Season the meat with salt and pepper, brown on all sides over a flame, and put in a stone jar, dry, no water whatever. Cover tightly. . Put the jar in a kettle of hot water. Boil fifteen or twenty minutes. Place in a cooker for six hours. Even tough meat becomes tender and the juice at the bottom is very rich.
9
BROOME COUNTY
BROOME COUNTY OFFICIALS
Sheriff-JESS C. HOVER
Under Sheriff-EDWARD COLE
County Judge & Surrogate-HON. BENJAMIN BAKER
District Attorney-URBANCE C. LYONS
County Clerk -- FREDERICK. P. OCKERMAN
County Treasurer-WALKER F. SHERWOOD
Superintendent of Highways-CHARLES VAN AMBURGH
County Attorney-FRED WELSH
Coroners-HARVEY WILCOX
RALPH SEYMOUR
AUSTIN J. STILLSON DON M. HOOKS
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors-WILL H. WEEKS Clerk of the Board of Supervisors-H. A. WILLIAMS
F. L. JORDAN & CO.
GENTS' FURNISHINGS CLOTHING AND HATS
90 CHENANGO ST. : BINGHAMTON, N. Y.
10
RURAL DIRECTORY
Handy Things to Know
A rod is 161/2 feet, or 51/2 yards.
A mile is 320 rods.
A mile is 1,760 yards.
A mile is 5,280 feet.
A square foot is 144 square inches. A square yard contains 9 square feet. A square rod is 2721/4 square feet. An acre contains 43,560 square feet. An acre contains 4,840 square yards. An acre contains 160 square rods.
A quarter section contains 160 acres.
An acre is 8 rods wide by 20 rods long.
An acre is 10 rods wide by 16 rods long.
An acre is about 2083/4 feet square. A solid foot contains 1,728 solid inches.
A pint (of water) weighs 1 pound.
A solid foot of water weighs 621/2 pounds.
A gallon (of water) holds 231 solid inches.
A gallon of milk weighs 8 pounds and 10 ounces.
A barrel of flour weighs 196 pounds. A barrel of salt weighs 280 pounds.
A barrel of beef weighs 200 pounds. A barrel of pork weighs 200 pounds. A barrel of fish weighs 200 pounds.
A keg of powder equals 25 pounds.
A stone of lead or iron equals 14 pounds.
A pig of lead or iron equals 211/2 stone.
Anthracite coal broken-cubic foot- averages 54 pounds.
A ton loose occupies 40-43 cubic feet. Bituminous coal broken-cubic foot- averages 49 pounds.
Cement (hydraulic) Rosendale, weight per bushel, 70 pounds.
A ton loose occupies 40-48 cubic feet. Cement (hydraulic) Louisville, weight per bushel, 62 pounds.
Cement (hydraulic) Portland, weight per bushel, 96 pounds.
Gypsum ground, weight per bushel, 70 pounds.
Lime, loose, weight per bushel, 70 pounds.
Lime, well shaken, weight per bushel, 80 pounds.
Sand at 98 pounds per cubic foot, per bushel, 1221/2 pounds.
18.29 bushels equal a ton. 1,181 tons cubic yard.
MEASURING HAY AND CORN
Hay is often sold in the mow or stack where the weight has to be estimated. For this purpose .400 cubic feet of hay is considered a ton. The actual weight of 400 cubic feet of hay will vary ac- cording to the quality of the hay, time of cutting, position in mow, etc. For making an estimate in a given case multiply together the length, breadth and height of the mow or stack in feet and divide the product by 400. The quotient will be the number of tons.
Corn is measured by the following rule : A heaped bushel contains 2,748 cubic inches. To find the number of bushels of corn in a crib it is therefore necessary merely to multiply together the length, width and height in inches and divide the product by 2,748. The number of bushels of shelled corn will be two-thirds of the quotient. If the sides of the crib are slanting, it will be necessary to multiply together one- half the sum of the top and bottom widths with the height and length.
The legal weight of a bushel of shelled corn in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland and Virginia is 56 pounds.
In Pennsylvania, Virginia and Mary- land 32 pounds constitute a bushel of oats; in New Jersey, 30 pounds.
A bushel of wheat is placed at 60 pounds by most of the states of the Union.
Pennsylvania recognizes 56 pounds as a bushel of white potatoes. In Mary- land, New Jersey and Virginia the legal weight is 60 pounds.
A bushel of clover seed in Pennsyl- vania must weigh 60 pounds; in Mary- land, 60 pounds; in New Jersey, 64 pounds; in Virginia, 60 pounds.
A bushel of timothy seed in Pennsyl- vania must weigh 45 pounds, and the same weight in most adjacent states.
To estimate the amount of land in different fields under cultivation use the following table :
5 yards wide by 968 yards long, 1 acre
10 yards wide by 484 yards long, 1 acre
20 yards wide by 242 yards long, 1 acre
40 yards wide by 121 yards long, 1 acre
70 yards wide by 69 1/7 yards long, 1 acre
80 yards wide by 601/2 yards long, 1 acre
60 feet wide by 726 feet long, 1 acre
110 feet wide by 396 feet long, 1 acre
120 feet wide by 363 feet long, 1 acre
220 feet wide by 198 feet long, 1 acre
240 feet wide by 18112 feet long, 1 acre
440 feet wide by 99
feet long, 1 acre
11
BROOME COUNTY
SHOES
We carry a full and complete line of ENDICOTT-JOHNSON SHOES for the whole family.
Our prices are Right. Why pay more when for less you get more.
SAVE A DOLLAR BY BUYING AT
BULL'S BOOT SHOP QUALITY BOOT SHOP
101-103 State St. 55 Chenango St.
BINGHAMTON, N. Y.
Parcel Post packages sent free of charge.
11 12
1
10
2 10
3.3
60
,4.0 ,
50
10
20
7
-40
20
30
Fred P. Carter JEWELER
Any Farmer in Broome County
can own a good watch by joining the
Carter Watch Club
Club fee only $1.00 Balance in payments to suit you
20 Court Street Binghamton, N. Y. At the "Sign of the Watch."
12
145
RURAL DIRECTORY
Seed Per Acre
It requires less seed per acre to sow in hills or rows than to sow broadcast. The hill or row system permits of after cultivation, which is not possible with a broadcasted crop. In all calculations for hill and drills it must be remembered that an acre of land contains 43,560 square feet. A square piece of land, 209 feet on a side, contains about an acre. The following figures are merely suggestive, as practice varies with locality :
ALFALFA, 25 to 30 1bs, broadcast.
ASPARAGUS, 4 to 5 lbs. in drills; 1 oz. to 50 feet of row.
BARLEY, 112 to 2 bushels drilled; 2 to 212 bushels broadcast.
BEANS, bush, 112 bushels in drills.
BEANS, pole, 10 to 12 qts., in hills.
BEETS, 5 to 6 lbs., in drills.
BUCKWHEAT, 1 bushel, broadcast.
CABBAGE, 14 1b. in seed bed, to be trans- planted.
CARROT, 3 to 4 1bs., in drills.
CELERY, about 1 oz. for 2,000 plants; 1 1b. per acre.
CLOVER, red, 8 to 10 lbs., broadcast.
CLOVER, crimson, 15 lbs., broadcast.
CLOVER, white, 6 lbs., broadcast.
CORN, field and sweet, 8 to 10 qts.
CORN, ensilage, 12 qts., in drills.
Cow PEAS, 1 bushel, in drills; 11/2 bush- els, broadcast.
CUCUMBERS, 2 lbs., in drills.
EGG PLANT, 1 oz. seed for 1,000 plants ;
14 1b. to the acre.
GRASS, lawn, 2 to 4 lbs., broadcast.
LETTUCE, 1 oz. of seed to 1,000 plants ; 1/2 lb. to the acre.
MELON, musk, 2 to 3 lbs., in hills.
MELON, water, 4 to 5 lbs., in hills.
MILLET, 1 bushel, broadcast.
OATS, 3 bushels, broadcast.
ONIONS, 5 to 6 lbs., in drills; for sets. 30 to 50 1bs., in drills.
PARSNIPS, 4 to 6 lbs., in drills.
PEAS, 1 to 2 bushels, in drills.
POTATOES (cut) 8 to 10 bushels.
PUMPKINS, 4 to 5 lbs., in hills.
RADISHES, 8 to 10 lbs., in drills.
RYE, 3/4 to 11/2 bushels, in drills.
SPINACH, 10 to 12 lbs., in drills; run- ning sorts, 3 to 4 1bs.
SQUASH, bush, 4 to 6 lbs., in hills.
TIMOTHY, 15 to 20 lbs., broadcast, if used alone; less if sown with other grasses. TOMATOES, 1/8 1b. in seed bed, to be › transplanted.
TURNIPS, 1 to 2 lbs., in drills; 2 to 3 lbs., broadcast.
WHEAT, 11/2 bushels, broadcast.
Suitable Distance for Planting Trees
Apples-Standard .. 25 to 35 feet apart each way Apples-Dwarf
(bushes) 10
Pears-Standard
10 to 20
Pears-Dwarf
10
Cherries-Standard .18 to 20
Cherries-Dukes and
Morrellos 16 to 18
Plums-Standard
.15 to 20 "
Peaches
16 to 18
Apricots
16 to 18
Nectarines
16 to 18
Quinces
10 to 12
Currants
3 to 4
Gooseberries
3 to
4
"
Raspberries
3 to 5
Blackberries
6 to 7
Grapes
8 to 12
Shingles Required in a Roof
Double the rafters and multiply by length of building. Multiply this by 9 if exposed 4 inches, by 8 if exposed 41/2- inches, and by 7 1/5 if exposed 5 inches to the weather.
· One thousand shingles, laid 4 inches to the weather, will cover 100 square feet of surface.
Eight hundred shingles, 5 inches to the weather, will cover 100 square feet.
One thousand shingles require 5 pounds of four-penny nails.
Five to ten per cent. should be al- lowed to these figures to cover waste and shortage.
One thousand laths will cover 70 yards of surface, and take 11 pounds of nails. Two hundred and fifty pickets will make 100 lineal feet of fence.
Nails Required
For 1,000 shingles, 31/2 to 5 pounds 4d., or 3 to 31/2 pounds 3d.
For 1,000 laths about 7 pounds 3d. fine, or 8 pounds 2d. fine.
For 1,000 feet clapboards (siding), about 18 pounds 6d. box.
For 1,000 feet covering boards, about 20 pounds 8d. common, or 25 pounds 10d.
Nails-Common
Size
3d
4d
6d
8d
10d
12d
Length
11/4
11/2
2
21/2
3
314
No. to 1b.
500
300
165
90
62
45
Size
16d
20d
30d
40d
50d
60d
Length
. 314
4
41/2
5
51/4 6
No. to 1b.
35
24
18
13 10
8
Eighteen to twenty-five
pounds of nails are required per 1,000 feet of lumber.
Grease a nail and it won't split wood.
13
1
BROOME COUNTY
Solvay Pulverized Limestone
"The Last Word in Lime"
` Highest Test-Finely Ground Reasonable Prices Prompt Service
Made and Sold by THE SOLVAY PROCESS CO. SYRACUSE; N. Y. Inquire for booklet
The Truth About Poultry Get the Facts by Reading The One-Man Poultry Plant
Successful Methods of Men on Farms or Small Acreage Complete in twelve parts; printed in one volume. By Dr. N. W. SANBORN
R EAL work, with real poultry, on a real New England Farm. This is a simple story of what has been done by a man, at forty-five years of age, town bred and city educated, getting out of practice of medicine, buying a small farm in the hill country, and making a success of the venture. Not only is the rearing of chicks and the management of adult fowl completely covered, but the interesting side issues of fruit growing, grain raising and the production of milk, that cannot be escaped on a real farm. You get rugged facts-rarely found in print. The truth about poultry as found in actual life on a one-man poultry farm.
You Can Do the Same, Book Tells How OUR SPECIAL OFFER-The One- Man Poultry Plant, in twelve parts (book form), and the American Poultry Advocate, one year, for only 50 cts., book and Advocate, three years, for only $1.00, if order is sent at once.
Our paper is handsomely illustrated, practical, progressive and up-to-date onpoultry matters. Estab- lished 1892. 44 to 132 pages monthly. 50 cents a year. 3 months' trial 10 cts. Sample copy free. Catalogue of poultry lit- erature free. Address
THE BOARD OF EDUCATION Oklahoma City, Okla., Nov. 9, 1915
Mr. Clarence C. DePuy, Syracuse, N. Y.
My Dear Sir:
The copy of One-Man Poultry Plant, by Dr. N. W. Sanborn, came to me promptly, and I have spent several pleasant evenings reading and rereading its sensible, timely suggestions. I find time to care for a profitable flock of 250 as a side line to a very busy life. I have read many works recently along the line of this book, but I have found nothing else so inspir -. ing to a love of the real work of poultry keeping as is this little pamphlet, and thank you for directing my attention to it. Very cordially yours, G. V. Buchanan.
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