USA > New York > Allegany County > Gazetteer and business directory of Allegany County, N. Y. for 1875 > Part 2
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38
Allegany County Reporter. pub- lished weekly at Wellsville, by G. W. Dickinson, is a first rate newspaper and a welcome visitor in the hands of its pat- rons. It presents a neat appearance and its literary. local and general news col- umins show experienced management. We commend it to business men as nu advertising medium. The Job Depart- ment is well stocked with the necessary type &c., to do good work of all kinds. See card on page 211.
Clark & Easton. of Wellsville, man- ufacture Sash, Doors and Blinds, Window and Door Frames, Moldings, Siding, Floor- ing, Ceiling. Pickets &c., and deal in Building Material generally. This firm is one of the oldest in the business in Alle- gany County, having been established in 1856. They employ about 20 men in their works, have about $25.000 Capital invest- ed, and their machinery is capable of manufacturing about 2,000,000 feet of lum- ber per year. Our patrons would find it to their advantage to deal with a respon- sible tlrm like Messrs. C. & E. Card on last fly leaf.
The Canaseraga Times, II. C. Scott, proprietor, is advertised on page 223. The Times speaks for itself. It is o good family paper and worthy the patron- age it enjoys.
V. D. Godfrey. House. Sign, Scenic and Fresco Painter and Grainer at Wells- ville, executes first-class work in all parts of the country. He employs none but the best workmen, and for Decorative and Ornamental Painting cannot be excelled. See his Cupids at work on page 241.
Strong & Burdick, Undertakers and deales in Furniture, Picture Frames, Books, Stationery &c.,at Friendship, print an advertisement on page 2. We ad- vise those who have not examined their stock of goods to do so when opportunity prosents.
Sisby Bros., Manufacturer of But- ter Firkins, Pails and Tubs, and all kinds of Water Pails &c., at Belmont, advertise on Ist cover. They commenced business at Seneca Falls In 1867 and removed to Belmont in 1870, and now have the most extensive manufactory of the kind in the United States. The motive power is fur- nished by a 50 horse power engine; they employ 25 men: capital invested $40.000 and their annual sales amount to $30,000 to $40,000. With an experience of 7 years, with good facilities and skilled workmen. they turn out none but first-class work, which they warrant. They deal exclusive- ly with the Trade, to whom they offer special inducements.
The Angelica Republican, pub- lished weekly by P. S. Norris, is a well conducted paper, its miscellany, local and general news columns being well sustain- ed. The Republican has an extended cir- culation which makes it an advantageous advertising medium. This office has fa- cilities for doing all kinds of Job Printing. See card on last fly leaf.
E. B. Abbott's Hair Dressing Sa- loon, Friendship, is the place to go for a good easy shave, and if you want your hair cut and dressed in the latest style, all you have to do is to drop in and take one of Abbott's easy chairs and in a few minutes it will be accomplished to your taste. Ladies' hair cutting a specialty. Card on page 244.
Frlendchlp Register, published weekly by R. R. Ilelme, is a Republican sheet and contains both local and general news and selected reading matter. It is ono of the best advertising papers in Western New York. All kinds of Job Work executed with neatness and dis- patch. Card on page 168.
Wilson & Rathbun, Dentists, at Wellsville, are prepared to perform all operations in the Dental art in a skillful and satisfactory manner at moderate prices. If your teeth or gums aro diseas- ed they will relieve you. They guarantee all their work. See advertisement on page 200.
F. J. Kern«, dealer in Stoves and Tinware, at Belfast, publishes an illus- trated card on page 168. Mr. K. has a fine stock of goods in his line and war- rants all as represented. Ho is also pre- pared to do jobs in a neat and satis- factory manner. Give him a call.
Geo. W. Fries, of Friendship, is agent for Erie R. R. and U. S. Express Cos,, and manager of W. U. Telegraph Office. He is also denler in Lime, Coal and Plaster. His enrd is on back cover.
The Alleganian is published weekly at Belmont, by B. D. Southworth. It is A Republican paper, well tilled with news, has a good circulation and is a welcome visitor to its patrons. Job work is exe- cuted to order. See card on page 200.
17
POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS.
POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS.
LETTERS. - The law requires postage on magazine, or other printed mitler, other all letters (Including those to foreign coun- tries when prepaid), to be prepaid by stamps or stamped envelopes, pre-payment in money being prohibited.
All drop-letters must be prepaid. The rate of postage on drop-lettera, at offices where freo delivery by carrier is establish- el, 14 two cents per hall ounce or fraction of a half onnee ; at officey whero auch free delivery la NOT established the rate Is one cent.
The single rate of postage on all domes. tlc mail letters throughont the United Staten, le three cents per half ounce, with an additional rate of three cents for each additional half ounce or fraction of a half ounce.
NewsPAPERS, KTO .- Letter postage isto be charged on all handbilla, circular», or other printed matter, which shall contain any manuscript writing whatever.
Newspapers addressed to subscribers røsiding within the county of publication are not subject to postage, but are sont fre0).
All newspapers and periodleal publi- cations inailed from a known oflee of publication of news-agency, and nd- dressed to regular subscribers of news- agenta, postage abali be charged at the following rates: On newspapers and periodical publications, issued workis and oftener, 2 cents a pound and fraction thereof; less frequently 3 cents a pound and traction thereof.
Any word or communication, whether by printing, writing, marks of signs, npon the cover or wrapper of a newspaper, pamphlet, rior-2 cents cach.
than the name or address of the person to whom it is to be sent, and the date when the enharription expires, subjects the pack- age to letter postage.
Publishers may write or print upon their publications, sent to regular subscribers, In addition to the address, the dates when subscriptions expire, and may also incloso therein bills and receipts for subscrip- tions, without extra charge for postage.
On pamphlets, occasionnl publientions, transient newspapers, magazines and periodicals; hand bills, posters, sheet- music, unaenled circulars, prospectuses, book manuscripts and proof sheets, print- ed cards, mapa, lithographs, prints, chro- no lithographs and engravinga, seeds. cuttings, bulla, roots and scions-1 cent for each two ounces or fraction thereof weight of packages limited tofour pounds.
Ou flexible patterns, samples of ores, metala, minerals and merchandise, sani- ple cards, phonographic paper, letter en- velopes, postal envelopes and wrappers, unprinted cards, plain and ornament- al paper, photographs, and all other articles for which other rates of po. tago are not prescribed in this table, and which are not by law excluded from the mails- t rent for each two ounces or fraction thereof -- weight of packages limited to four pounds.
On books-t cent for each two ounces or fraction thereof weight of packages limited to four pounds.
On periodicals exceeding two ounces In wright, when deposited in a letter-carrier offer for delivery by the office or its car-
18
PUBLISHER'S NOTICES.
Bela Barlett, the Undertaker at | Belmont. publishes a card on last fly leaf. He Is prepared to make Coffins and Caskets to order, and his many years experience in the business warrants us in saying he does his work in a superior maaner. He also makes Shrouds and Burial Suits to order and has a complete assortment of trimmings.
The Cuba Weekly Herald, pub- lished by Jas. A. M'Kibbin is a good reli- able Newspaper. Its miscellaneous, news and local columns are well up to the tinies and are evidently appreciated by its many readers. Advertisements inserted at reasonable rates. Job Printing of all kinds executed to order. Card on page 216.
John F. Welr, general Insurance Agent, at Angelica, represents some of the best insurance companies in the world, and for life, accident or fire in- surance we recommend our patrons to give him a call. Card on page 152.
Win. L. Jones, House Painter and Paper Hanger, of Wellsville, publishes a card on colored page 2. Mr. J. also col- ers walls and ceilings in Oil and Kalso- mine colors and does his work well and satisfactorily, He is also prepared to do Sign Painting. Patronize him and "help him through the world."
Mrs. S. E. Cameron. dealer in Millinery and Fancy Goods at Belmont, is prepared to furnish Ladies with a first class line of goods and at reasonable prices. Card on baek cover.
I. F. Hull, of Whitesville, adver- tises "Harry Blake's Patent Cream Strain- er" on page 152. Dairymen will consult their own interests by using it, for it saves labor, makes more butter and of better quality. For particulars address Mr. Hull.
Moore House. (formerly Fobes House, ) Olean, M. V. Moore, prop., offers superior accomodations to the traveling community. It is furnished new through- out and no pains are spared to secure the comfort of guests who put up there. When you go to Olean try the Moore House. Card on back cover.
J. Henry Arnout. the Undertaker at Cuba, advertises on page 228. Hle is prepared to furnish Coffins, Burial Cases and Caskets, and has a fine assortment of Shrouds, Robes and Habits. Picture Frames made to order and an assortment of picture frame moldings.
C. L. Farnum, general Insurance Agent, Wellsville, represents some of the best companies in the world. Those of our patrons about to insure their lives or property should not fail to consult Mr. Farnum. Card on page 228.
Cuba House, A. Warner, proprietor' is advertised on page 216. Mr. W. will do his best to make the visits of guests agreeable: will care for their teams and charge them moderately. A Billiard Parlor, Restaurant and Livery attached. A free 'bus to and from the cars. When you go to Cuba dont fail to stop at the Cuba House.
The Andover Weekly Adver- tixer, a weekly Republican newspaper, issued by E. S. Barnard, has gained a good reliable circulation. It is well filled with the news of the day, both local and general, and with other good reading matter, As an advertising medium, business men are aware of its value. The book and job printing department is complete, and all work done in a neat and workmanlike manner. Card on page 152.
S. Osborn, Undertaker and dealer in Cabinet Ware, Picture Frames, Moldings, Coffins &c .. at Belfast, publishes a card on page 168. Mr. O. is prepared to at- tead funerals on short notice, and will do all kinds of repairing in his line. We advise our patrons to examine his goods before purchasing elsewhere.
S. L. Cole, Wellsville, advertises the celebrated Globe Pump on page 136. To those in need of a good pump, one that is durable, cheap, and has especial advan- tages over those in common use, we recommend the GLOBE. Mr. Cole will be pleased to put them in on trial and we are confident they have only to be used to be appreciated.
D. D. Nye, at Belfast, N. Y., dealer in all kinds of boots and shoes, and is prepared to furnish the best quality of goods at low rates. There was a little un- pleasantness near his store a short time since, the particulars of which are illus- trated on page 136. The seedy looking stranger was allowed to go to Nye's, and he left a happier man.
Nellie L. Keith. M. D., Physician at Cnba, prints a card on back cover. We are glad to learn that ladies of some of the best minds in our land are giving attention to the study and practice of medicine, and many of the obstacles hitherto existing are being removed from their path. We commend Madame Keith to the afflicted
The Sabbath Recorder, is pub- lished weekly at Alfred Center, Rev, N. V. Ilull, editor. It is a good, high-toned religious paper, and a welcome visitor to its patrons. Its articles are very select and well adapted for family Sabbath reading. Its wide circulation make it an excellent advertising medium. We com- mend it to our patrons. See card on page 136.
19
TWENTY YEAR CALENDAR.
Almanac or Calendar for 20 Years.
CB
A
G
F
ED
B
A
GF
E
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
D
C
BA
G
E
DC
F
E
D
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1SS1
1882
1883
1 8 15 2229
Sun.
Sat.
Frid'y.
Thurs.
Wed.
Tues.
Mon.
2 9162330
Mon.
Sun.
Sat.
Frid'y.
Thurs.
Wed.
Tues.
3.10 172131
Tues.
Mon.
Sun.
Sat.
Frid'y.
Thurs.
Wed.
4 11 18 25
Wed.
Tucs.
Mon.
Sun.
Sat.
Frid'y.
Thurs.
5 12 1926
Thurs.
Wed.
Tues.
Mon.
Sun.
Sat.
Frid'y.
6 13 2027 . .
Frid'y.
Thurs.
Wed.
Tucs.
Mon.
Sun.
Sat.
7 142128
Sat.
Frid'y.
Thurs.
Wed.
Tues.
Mon.
Sun.
Jan. and Oct.
A
B
C
E.
F
G
May.
B
C
D
G
.1
August.
C
D
B
Feb., Mar., Nov.
D
E
A
B
C
June.
E
G
A
B
C
D
Sept. & Dec.
F
G
A
B
C
D
April & July.
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
A
EXPLANATION .- Find the Year and observe the Letter above it; then look for the Month, and in a line with it find the Letter of the Year; above the Letter find the Day ; and the figures on the left, in the same line, are the days of the same name in the month
Leap Years have two letters : the first is used till the end of February, the second during the remainder of the year.
TABLE OF DISTANCES IN
VILLAGES.
Alfred.
Alfred Center.
Allen Center.
Alma. Almond.
Andover.
Angelica.
Belfast.
Belmont.
Belvidere.
Birdsall.
Black Creck.
Bolivar.
Canaseraga.
Caneaden.
Centerville.
Clarksville
Friendship.
Hallsport.
Little Geneseo.
Phillips Creek.
Richburg.
Rushford.
, West Almond. Whitesville.
West Almond ... 8 0 8.1 13 7 23 5 8.4 13.9 7.1 13.8 12. 1 12.5 8. 1 19.4 27.9 14 7 17 .9 29. 8 85 8 27 6 25 1 18.6,22 6 21.8 81 .5 19 8 15 8 4.5 26 1 23 5 17. 0 25.2 17 2 23.8 14.8 17 1 ;- 17.9 17.3 81 8 19.0 22 1 9 0 29 0 31. 0 22. 4 25 6 31 .0 33 8 27 0 83. 4 85 4 47 4 82. 7 82. 7 35.0 27.9 6 8 12 .8 80.2 27 . 2,38. 9 21. 8.28 2 42 4 17 8 8.2 39.8 8 8 37.8 18.0.88.5 - 33 9-31.6 10.9.87 823.9137 8:17 5 15.4:2 643.0 13.522 836.6 18.4 11.3 9.6 41 0 33.8 20.8 25 8.99.4 4.210.2 28.8 13.4 25.6.81 8.19 6 27 .9 40 8: 7.4 49.0.18.932.7.94.6 13.7
Whitestille ...
Little Genesee. . 33.1;31.0 30 4.11.8.37 3|27 7 21. 6:21.8 19.4 19.2 35. 1 21.5 3.6 41,3.28 9 35.5| 3 8| 9.0 16.0 14 4,21 5 36.0 - 121.6 22.7 18 5,12.6:28 3 22.2 12.7 12.9 8.3| 7.3 23.8 10 7 8.3 32.5:17.0/20.7 13 7 7.2 9.3| 2 5,20.9 24 1|11 9'- Oramel 124 4|22 8: 7.8:26 3.21.2 28.5; 8.7 2.0 11 5| 9 6 12.7 9.4 23 221.9| 2.1 14.030 6 21.9 14 9 12.4 27.6 9.2.26 8 11.9- Phillips Creek : 7.7 6.0 11. 720 5.11.4:11.7 8.1 14.8 8.6 11.5|12. 6 20 4 24.0 19.2 18.9 30 8 31 4.24. 1 22. 2 14 4 20 0 32 8 27 6,16.9 16.8 -- Richburg .. 27.6.25.5:25 0| 7 8 31 . 8 22.4 19 2 19.4 14.0 13. 8 20,7 17.2 1.8 38 9 23 5.33.0 9 2 6 5 13.5 9 0 19 9 30.6 5 4, 6.5,21.422.1 Rushford 32.1 30.5.13. 1:33 0 31.9 36.2 16.4 9 7 20.0 17.3;18 9, 9.7 26.7 28 1 5.8 6 3,33 0 20.2 13 2 18.9 36.1 9.4 99 2 20 4: 7.7 21 5 26 7 Scio - Scio. Shongo. Shengo 15.1;13 0:17.0.10.9 19.3:12.5 11.2 13.8 4.9 7.8|20. 6,17.8 14.4 81.7 17.9 29.891.8.16 9 17 5 9.7 11.5 25 0 18.0 9.7 16 4 9.6 12 5 21.9 [21. 122.229.9.12.428.8 11.8.21.1.26 7/17.5 20.7 33.2 30.4 18 8 39.6 30.5 12 .4 21.5 27.0 30. 1 22.3 6.4 37. 9 22.0.22 3 29 0 21 . 1 20.6 37.5 12 0 - Short Tract. 25.8.21.2/ 3.5 30.4 21 5 09 9.10 1 10 6 16.2 11.7 8. 1 18 9 30 8 11 2 10 0 13.837 7 29.2 21 4 20.8 32.0 7.5 83 9 22. 0 10.7 18.2 28.5 15 8 20.533.4 Short Tract. Spring Mills. 21.220.6.38 1/21. 1 25. 4 12.9 32 3 34. 9 25 7 23.9 34 938 6 27.5 36 7 38.7 50.7.33 2 36 0 38.3 30.5| 9.6 46. 1 30.7 30.5 37.2 24 .6 29.8 45.7 21.1 8 7 41 6- Spring Hills. Swainville. 20.0.21.9 13.8 39 815.8 28.2 18.9 17 4 21.0.21.2 9.3 29 2 40.6 1 5 20,3 23. 6 48.0 39.5 34 7 31.1 36.7 17 .3 43.4 31 6 21 1 18.8 38 0 26 . 1 28. 9 39.3 10.341 . 1 - Swainville. Wellsville .. 116.2.14.1 21.8 8 4 20.4 9.2 16 0 18 6: 9.4 12 6 25 1 22.8 11 .9 31 . 7:22 .4 31 3.22.3 19.7 22. 0 14.2 6 7 29 .8 18 5 14 . 2 20 . 9 13.8 13 2 29.4 4.8 8 1 25.8 16.3 31.4 - Wellsville.
Nile.
22. 1 20.4 17.3 15. 1 25.8,22.2 11.5 10.4 5.8 4.8|22.1 9.2 10.8 81 3 11.5 25.218 2 9.7 7.8 |16.0 16.1 23.5 12 720.9| 8.4 22 7 25.3 16 . 1 19. 3:30. 7 29.0 20.9 32.2.29 1 11.1 28 3,23 4 28.7 20 9. 32.9:38.8 10. 0:31 9 29. 0 22 2 17 2 11 .2 20. 7.18 8 15. 6 18 6 32.4 21.8 7.1: 6.339 8 29.6 22.6 21.6 36.6
Iluine
20.5 24 9 7.3 27 . 8 20.3:30 6 10 8: 4.1 13.6 11.7 13 1 11.5 25.3 22.3 . 138.4 38.8 16 9 39 3 36. 1.42.5 22 7 16 0 25.5 23 . 6:22.7 16.0 34.7 28 1 11.9- :36 9:34.8 31.2 15 .6 41 . 1 |31.5 28 4 28.6 23. 2 23. 0:38 9 25 3 7.4 48 1 :32 7 39 3
('enterville ..
Ceres
Clarksville Cent. 31 8|29 .9 25. 7 14 . 3'36 .2:28.9 19 9 20 1 15.5 14. 5 30.5 12.5 8.2 39.7 24 .1 26 5:12.8 -
Cuba ..
29. 9:28.2 21 . 7 21. 9 33.5 30 0 18.0 13.8 13 6.12.6 28 6: 5.5 13.2 37.8 17.0 19.5 19.8 7.0.
Friendship ..
Hallsport ..
Nile.
Oramel.
Bolivar.
29. 0 98.4 16. 2 23.8 27.8,31.5 12.3, 8.3 12 9 10,0:22.0 23 .5|27.4 28.8 8.2 35.4 24.1 21.0 21 2 15 8 15.6|31.5 19.0'_ 15 5|17.6 15.0 39.7 11.3 23 8 19 8 22. 9 22. 3 25.2| 9.2 31 2 40.7 -
Canaseraga ...
Ceres.
Center.
C'aneadea.
16.3 14.6 12 7 14.8 20.0 18.6| 6.9 9.5,
Belvidere.
19.2 17.5 11 2 17.7 22.9 21.8 5.4 7.6 2.9-
Birdsall .. 16 7|16.21 5.8 30.5 13.4 22.0 10.0 13.7 15.7,16.0
Black Creek,
4.2| 6 3 19.2 28.8-
Andover ..
8.3/ 7.7 26 4 17.6 12.5
Angelica .
115.7 14 1 0.6.21.1 15.5 19.8
22.4 20.8 7.923.722.2 28 5 6 7
Belfast. Belmont .
24.0.22.5 26.9'.
Alma ..
Almond ..
Showing the Distance in Miles and Tenths of Miles, measured on the nearest Public Road between the principal Villages.
Alfred Center ... Allen Center .....
2.1 22.3.20.7
ALLEGANY COUNTY.
Cuba.
Hume.
21
ALLEGANY COUNTY.
ALLEGANY COUNTY.
ALLEGANY COUNTY was formed from Genesee, April 7, 1806. The seventh range or western tier of townships of Steuben county was annexed March 11, 1808. A portion was re-annexed to Genesee in 1811; and the towns of Eagle, Pike and Genesee Falls in Wyoming county, and Portage, Nunda and Ossian in Livingston county, were taken off in 1846. It lies npon the south line of the State, west of the center, and is bounded on the north by Livingston and Wyoming counties, on the south by Pennsylvania, on the east by Steuben county, and on the west by Cattaraugus county. It is centrally distant from Albany 220 miles, and contains 1,033 square miles. The surface is mostly a hilly upland, separated by the deep valleys of the streams, and much of it presents the rugged character of mountains, whose highest summits are 500 to 800 feet above the valleys and 2,000 to 2,500 above tide, and whose declivities are mainly too steep for profitable cultivation. The north part is less hilly and broken. The hills terminate abruptly on the Genesee, which flows through a deep valley.
Turner, in his Pioneer History of Phelps & Gorham's Purchase, in refer- ing to the scenery of the southern portion of the Genesee country remarks, "that the traveller or tourist of what Mr. Williamson called the 'northern plains,' who breaks out for a summer excursion to the east, the north or the west, may be told that a day's journey to the south will bring him to a region of hill and valley, rivers and creeks, mountains and rivulets, cul- tivated fields and wild woodlands, which would satisfy any reasonable desire of the romantic and picturesque. And if health is the object of his summer wanderings, nowhere can he breathe 'freer and deeper' of a pure and invigorating atmosphere, or drink from purer springs and streams, than in all our local southern region."
The drainage of its streams sufficiently indicate its elevated character. Two main ridges, extending parallel with the Gene- see River, and distant from it about ten miles form the water- shed to streams flowing into that river and the Canisteo, a tribu- tary to the Susquehanna, on the east, and Allegany River and Cattaraugus Creek, on the west. The Genesee flows in a north- B
22
ALLEGANY COUNTY.
erly direction through the central part of the county, and re- ceives as principal tributaries on the east, Rush, Wigwam, Angelica, Philips, Vandemark, Dykes, Chenunda and Cryder creeks, and on the west, Wiscoy, Cold, Six Town, Caneadea, Crawford, Black, White, Van Campens, Knight and Ford's creeks. The principal streams flowing east from the east ridge are Canisteo River and Canaseraga, Karr Valley, McHenry Valley, and Whitney Valley creeks; and those flowing west from the west ridge are Vil, Wolf, Dodges, Deer, Little Genesee and Honeoye creeks.
The rocks of the county belong to the shales and sandstones of the Portage and Chemung groups, the former appearing in the deep valleys in the north part, and the latter covering the tops of the south hills. At varions localities the sandstone fur- nishes an excellent building material; and in Rushford it is qnarried for grindstones. The shales in the south-west part are highly charged with bituminous matter, and explorations for oil have been made in many places. The soil upon the up- lands is generally a heavy clay, and in the valleys are extensive deposits of rich alluvium and gravelly loam. " It is," says Spaf- ford, "with justice reckoned of superior richness." Although wheat and spring grains are successfully raised, it is best adapt- ed to grazing, and the business of dairying has become one of great importance. From the census of 1865 it appears that there were six cheese factories in the county, 18,525 milch cows, 1,655,776 pounds of butter and 1,325,748 pounds of cheese pro- duced, and 250 gallons of milk sold ; while from that of 1870 it appears that there were thirty-five cheese factories. 27,849 milch cows, 1,908,721 pounds of butter and 220,880 pounds of cheese produced, and 3,397,465 gallons of milk sold. The Ium- bering business, which was once very prominent, has in a great measure ceased, and the extensive pine forests which filled the valleys have mostly disappeared.
On the erection of the county, courts were directed to be held at Angelica on the 2d of June, 1807; and by an act of March 11, 1808, the county seat was permanently located there and a court house and jail were authorized to be erected under the direction of Moses Carpenter, John Gibson and Wm. Higgins. A jail was soon after erected, but the building of the court house was delayed till 1819, up to which time courts were held in pri- vate rooms. The first county officers were Philip Church, First Judge ; Jacob S. Holt, County Clerk ; John Gibson, Sheriff ; and Luke Goodspeed, Surrogate. The jail remained in use till 1849, when it was superseded by a wooden structure. April 2, 1858, an act was passed providing for the immediate removal of the county seat to a point on the line of the Erie railroad, but
23
ALLEGANY COUNTY.
the execution of the law was arrested by the institution of legal proceedings in the State courts, and on the 17th of April, 1860, provision was made for two shire towns and for the reconstruc- tion and repair of the old court house at Angelica. Under the act of 1858 a clerk's office was erected at Belmont, where it has since been maintained. The courts are now held alternately at Angelica and Belmont. The county poor house is located on a farm of 180 acres two miles east of Angelica. The building is constructed of stone, and though old, its interior presents a clean, neat and inviting appearance. The present number of inmates is sixty, for whom the building affords ample room. The main building is thirty by forty feet, with two wings, all two stories high. The building and grounds are valued at $15,000.
The principal works of internal improvement are the Erie R. R., which enters the county upon the enst border, a little north of the center, and, passing in a circuitous course through the towns of Almond, Alfred, Andover, Wellsville, Scio, Amity, Friendship and Cuba, leaves it a little south of the center of the west border ; the Buffalo Branch of the Erie R. R., which cross- es the north-east corner of the county, passing through the towns of Burns and Grove: The Rochester and State Line R. R., which crosses the north-west corner of the county, in the town of Centerville ; and the Genesee Valley canal, which enters the county on the north border, a little west of the cen- ter, and extends along the valley of the Genesee to Belfast, thence up the valley of Black Creek to New Hudson, and thence across to and down the valley of Oil Creek to the west border of the county, which it leaves contiguous to the Erie R. R., passing in its course through the towns of Hume, Caneadea, Bel- fast, New Hudson and Cuba. The Rochester, Nunda & Penn- sylvania R. R. is surveyed through the county and passes through the towns of Grove, Birdsall, West Almond, Angelica, Belfast, New Hadson, Cuba and Clarksville.
This county with Chemung and Stenben compose the Twen- ty-Ninth Congressional District ; and with Livingston and Wyo- ming, the Thirtieth Senatorial District. It is in the Eighth Judicial District of the State ; and forms one Assembly District.
Previous to its occupancy by the whites the territory em- braced in the limits of this county formed a part of the broad domain of the Senecas, who lived in considerable numbers upon the rich alluvial flats of the Genesee, where they cultivated corn and potatoes in sufficient quantity for their subsistence, and occasionally camped and hunted upon the uplands, where they also resorted for the purpose of making maple sugar. The Indian title to the lands embraced in Phelps & Gorham's Pur-
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