History of Chautauqua County, New York, and its people, Volume I, Part 45

Author: Downs, John Phillips, 1853- ed. [from old catalog]; Hedley, Fenwick, Y., joint ed. [from old catalog]
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Boston, New York [etc.] American historical society, inc.
Number of Pages: 649

USA > New York > Chautauqua County > History of Chautauqua County, New York, and its people, Volume I > Part 45

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

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drew scholars from all of Western New York, but in 1839 from the Canadas and the thirteen States and Territories. The second story was reserved perpetually for the Presbyterian church for a place of worship. For a commu- nity which so early established churches and schools it comes as a shock to learn that at an early period there were eighteen distilleries in the town, and the use of whiskey almost uni- versal. In the Washingtonian movement in 1840, men awakened to the ravages of intem- perance. In every community some were snatched as brands from the burning.

Churches were organized in Pomfret through the efforts of Rev. Joy Handy and Rev. John Spencer, and that other pioneer in Christian work, the Methodist circuit rider. The first church in the town, the Baptist, was also the second church in the county, its birth date, October 20, 1808. The Presbyterian church followed on September 29, 1810, the Methodist Episcopal church in 1811, and Trinity Prot- estant Episcopal Church on August 1, 1822. The First Baptist Church, which became the Fredonia Baptist Church, May 25, 1859, really dates from a meeting held by nine people in November, 1805. The next recorded meeting s March 1, 1807, but on September 8, 1808, articles of faith and a covenant were adopted, and on October 20, 1808, sixteen persons were examined and a church organized. Rev. Joy Handy was pastor until 1822, and was suc- ceeded by Rev. Elisha Tucker. A brick church valued at $20,000 was dedicated July 7, 1853. Among the noted pastors of this church are Rev. Arnold Kingsbury, Rev. Charles E. Smith, and Rev. M. J. Winchester. The pres- ent pastor (1920) is Rev. C. L. Rhodes.

The First Presbyterian Church of Pomfret was organized September 29, 1810, as a Con- gregational, Rev. John Spencer, its founder, being a missionary of that faith from Connec- ticut. Eight men and six women comprised the first membership, thirteen members being added during the next four years. On Janu- ary 30, 1817, the congregation adopted a Pres- byterian form of government. The Presby- terian Society was incorporated in 1819, and n 1836 a church, sixty-five by fifty feet, was erected on the site of the present church. About 1875 that church was replaced by the present commodious structure. The first pas- tor was Rev. Samuel Sweezy, installed March 13. 1817; the present pastor is Rev. George H. Allen, Jr.

While the Methodist circuit rider followed closely upon the advent of the pioneer settlers n Chautauqua county, coming first in 1805, it

was not until 1811 that Rev. Elijah Metcalf, preacher in charge of the Chautauqua circuit, organized a class. The members of that his- toric class were: Justin Henman and wife; Daniel Gould and wife; William Ensign and wife; Jeremiah Baldwin and wife. A plain church edifice, forty by fifty feet, was erected in 1822. The eccentric but sincere minister, Lorenzo Dow, preached in that old church, which was replaced by a larger church at the corner of Center and Barker streets in 1839. In 1843 the annual conference, presided over by Bishop Joshua Soule, D. D., was held in that church, this his last to preside over as a bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church, he with others in 1844 seceding to form the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1867 a site was secured fronting on Barker Com- mon (now Lafayette Square), and the present church structure, begun in 1868, finished in 1869, was dedicated by Bishop Matthew Simp- son, assisted by Rev. Benoni I. Ives. John P. Hall Memorial Parsonage adjoining the church was erected in 1881-82, during the pastorate of Rev. J. A. Kummer. Among the noted pas- tors were: Rev. R. W. Crane, Rev. J. M. Bray, Rev. A. J. Merchant, Rev. J. A. Kum- mer, Rev. W. P. Bignell, Rev. Robert E. Brown, and Bruce S. Wright. The present pastor is Rev. S. L. Maxwell.

Trinity Protestant Episcopal Church was organized August 1, 1822, and a church edifice dedicated in 1835. The first rector was Rev. David Brown, the first wardens, Michael Hin- man and Watts Wilson, Jonathan Sprague, Abiram Orton, Joseph Rood, Abraham Van Santvoord, Benjamin Douglas, Nathan Hemp- stead and Joseph G. Henman composing the first vestry. Noted rectors of the past have been Rev. W. O. Jarvis and Rev. John J. Lan- ders. The present rector is Rev. Henry Miss- ler. Other churches in Pomfret are an Evan- gelical church at Laona, a Free Methodist, a Lutheran, a Church of Christ (Scientist) Soci- ety, St. Joseph's Roman Catholic, St. An- thony's Italian Roman Catholic, and Penti- costal Mission.

Original Purchases in Township 5, Range 12. 1805-March, Eliphalet Burnham, 6; Zattu Cushing, 16; Samuel Perry, 8: April, Augustus Burnham, 7. 1806-June, Philo Orton, 48; August, Philo Orton, 40; September, Elijah Risley, 32, 33.

1804-June, Benjamin and Isaac Barnes, 40.

1808-April, Samuel Berry, 24: October, Thomas Bull, 17.

1809-January, Thomas Bull, 18; April, Thomas Warren, 55: June, Philo Orton, 39: August, Augustus Burnham, I; September, James Morgan, 31; Jeremiah Rood, 31: Joseph Coates, 3; November, Cushing and Holmes, 63.

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1810-January, Daniel Barnes and Oliver Wood- cock, 47; Philo Orton, Simeon Fox, 47; September, Philo Orton, 56.

ISII-March, Stephen Porter, 41; Ammi Williams, 49; Israel Lewis, 13: April, William Hinds, 62; Au- gust, Joseph Webster, 61; November, Zattu Cush- ing, 25.

1812-December, Stephen Barrett, 3.

1813-February, Amos Sage, 54; May, Philo Orton, 64; December, Erastus H. Clarke, 64.

1814-June, Richard Kelly, 42; November, James Hale, 42.

1815-January, Elisha Webster, 41; September, Ben- jamin Barrett, 16.

1816-June, Abiram Orton, 5; July, Zattu Cushing, 62; October, Benjamin Perry, 5.

1817-February, Thomas Bull, 15, 6; March, Thomas Clark, 13; April, Eli Webster, 34; May, James Nor- ton, 61, 64; Jonathan Sprague, 49; Ira Seeley, 34; Josiah Munger, 34; June, Standish Rood, 38; August, Luther Harmon, 53; October, Jonas Litch, 53; Mat- thew W. Cossity, 54; November, Rensselaer Crosby, 52; Jonathan Sprague, 57.

1818 January, Benjamin White, 60; July, Seth Ris- ley, 28; August, Allen Bills, 28; September, Robert Gardner, 52; October, Leverett Todd, 45; Reuben Bartholomew, 45.

1819-April, Asa Rood, 37; July, Parley Munger, 42; September, John Hilton, 38; November, Edmund W. Barlow, 37.

1821-October, Benjamin Perry, 13; Robert Mellen, 44 .

1822-February, Thomas A. Osborne, 29; July, Eze- kiel Johnson, 21; October, Isaac Bussing, 35.

1825-December, Joel H. Johnson, 5.

1826-October, Marcus Miller, 35.

1827-February, Lemuel and Rowland Porter, 51; March, Calvin Hutchinson, 57; May, Jacob Turk, 43; July, Samuel Barlow, 34.

1828-March, Watts Wilson, 37.

1829-January, Porter S. Benjamin, 46; June, Orris Crosby, 43, 44.

1831-January, Leverett Todd, 45.

Original Purchases in Township 6, now in Pomfret. 1803-December, Thomas McClintock, 8, 14, 20.

1804-August, Low Miniger, 26. October, Zattu Cushing, 28, 29, 33.

1810-May, Benjamin Barnes, Jr., 15.

1814-March, James Mark, 25.

1815-May, Justus Adams, 38.

1816-December, Sylvanus Marsh, 38.

1821-December, William Gates, 35; George D. Gates, 35.

1822-June, Pearson Crosby, 26; August, Thomas A. Osborne, 35; Octoher, David Elliott, 30; Nathan Hempstead, 37; Alva Elliott, 34; Anson and Calvin Hutchinson, 34.

1823-September, Nathaniel Crosby, 31.

1824-October, Pearson Crosby, 26.

1825-August, Isaac A. Lovejoy, and others, 30; Zattu Cushing and others, 30; Stephen Wilson and others, 30.

Supervisors-1808-18, Philo Orton ; 1819-22, Leverett Barker; 1823-25, Abiram Orton ; 1826-28, Benjamin Douglass; 1829, Leverett Barker: 1830-33, George A. French; 1834, Orrin McClure; 1835, Elijah Risley, Jr. ; 1836, Elisha Norton : 1837, Pearson Crosby; 1838- 39, Squire White; 1840-44, Elisha Norton ;

1845-46, Leverett Barker; 1847, Daniel W. Douglass ; 1848-49, Rosell Greene; 1850, Wil- liam Risley ; 1851-53, Alva H. Walker ; 1854, Hiram P. Smith ; 1855, Abner W. Camp ; 1856, Elisha Norton ; 1857-58, Edmund Day ; 1859- 60, Elisha Norton; 1861-62, Orson Stiles; 1863-64, Henry B. Benjamin; 1865, Orson Stiles; 1866, Horace White; 1867-68, George D. Hinckley ; 1869, John P. Hall; 1870-72, Franklin Burritt; 1873, Harmanus C. Clark; 1874, Franklin Burritt; 1875, James D. Wells; 1876-77, John S. Russell; 1878-79, M. M. Fen- ner; 1880, George S. Joslyn; 1881-82, John S. Lambert; 1883-85, B. F. Skinner; 1886, Arthur R. Moore; 1887-88, Otis M. Hall; 1889-90, Warren B. Hooker; 1891, D. G. Pickett ; 1892, James R. Adams; 1893-99, Willis D. Leet; 1900-05, Gaius M. Tremaine, Jr .; 1906-13, WVil- liam S. Stearns (chairman, 1908-13) ; 1914-20, Edward N. Button.

Although never an elected supervisor, Louis Mckinstry, born in Fredonia, December 9 1844, died there March 5, 1919, was for fifty years in the clerical service of the county (not continuous), and year after year was unani- mously elected assistant clerk of the board of supervisors. He was the son of Willard Mc. Kinstry, who in 1842 bought the "Fredonia Censor," which he published until his death then was succeeded by his son Louis, who continued editor and owner of "The Censor' until his death seventy-seven years after the paper came under the Mckinstry ownership Louis Mckinstry attended the meeting of the supervisors at Mayville late in December, 1918 but owing to infirmities could not ascend th stairs leading to the board room. He did however, attend the annual banquet of th. board, and made a characteristic speech, which he regarded as his farewell to official count? life, although he was continued assistant cler !. as long as he lived.

The village of Fredonia lies in the heart c the grape belt. The first settlement in Fre donia by a white man was made in 1804, nea the Beebe place, on Risley street. The Indian had named the stream which flowed by hi cabin Gon-no-do-wao, meaning in the Senec tongue, "flowing through the hemlocks;" h pronounced it Can-a-da-wa, and this was th name of the little settlement beside the strear which flowed beneath the hemlocks, until th first newspaper, "The Chautauqua Gazette, appeared in 1817, dated at Fredonia. In 182 the village was legally incorporated, Fredoni: It then contained from 600 to 700 inhab tants and was the largest village in Chat tauqua county. Concerning the name Fre

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donia, the following is taken from Morse's "Universal Geography." published in Boston in 1812. The name Fredonia is not mentioned in the first edition published in 1789, nor in an edition published in 1804. This extract is from the sixth edition :

Fredonia, a generic name proposed to be given to the territory now called by the descriptive name of the United States of America, including the annexed terri- tory of Louisiana. Its extreme length is upwards of 2,000 miles. Extreme breadth 1,500 miles. It is esti- mated to contain two million square miles or about four-fiiths as many as all contained in all Europe. It is twice the size of the Chinese Empire, which sup- ports upwards of 300 millions of inhabitants, and Russia excepted, is by far the largest territory on earth whose inhabitants live under the same govern- ment.

The Mississippi river divides Fredonia nearly in the center from north to south. She has a sea coast of many thousand miles in extent, full of convenient har- bors. With the exception of New England, it is very sparsely settled. It contains upward of 7 millions of inhabitants, exclusive of Indians, more than a seventh of whom are in Slavery.

In 1826 the Fredonia Academy was opened for students. The outside world heard of Fre- donia because of the use of natural gas for lighting public places in 1821. In 1839 Fre- donia was still the largest village in the county. and three hundred miles from a railroad. With the completion of the Erie railroad to Dunkirk in 1851. her supremacy ended.

Fredonians are proud to enumerate the ideas which first developing in their village have been appropriated by the world at large until they have grown to be a mighty power in political and social life. Here was organized in 1868 the first subordinate grange, Fredonia No. I, Patrons of Husbandry, an order which has been of inestimable advantage to the farmer and his family and has revolutionized the politics of several States.

The first Woman's Crusade was inaugu- rated in Fredonia, and at the same time the organization of the Woman's Christian Tem- perance Union was effected, an organization which has proved to an important factor in the sociological problems of the whole county.

The Lake Shore railroad, now a part of the great New York Central system, was organ- ized at a meeting held in Fredonia, and the stock was subscribed for them. It has been said that Fredonia was the first village in the State to own a public building. The first acad- emy in Western New York was located here, and when Lafayette visited Fredonia in 1825. the village was illuminated as part of the cele- bration and natural gas was used for the pur- pose.

Reference has been made to the Risley brothers being the first seedsmen in Fredonia. From a paper prepared and read by Louis Mc- Kinstry, of grateful memory, the following extracts are taken :

The Risleys were our first seedsmen, starting the business in 1833. The seeds went in wagons painted in bright colors and labeled in large letters upon each side, Risley Brothers, Garden Seeds, Fredonia, N. Y. At every considerable town they would leave a box containing an assortment and the next year the store- keeper would pay for what he had sold and receive a fresh supply. Great fields of onions were in the rear of the Risley homes on the Risley flats and it used to be said that there was "a sixpence in every onion top." The business proved very profitable and when they sold out to U. E. Dodge in 1853, the three Risleys were the wealthiest men in Fredonia.

Elijah Risley, father of the three seedsmen, came here with his family in 180;, arriving by ox-teams from Cazenovia, Madison county, N. Y., in April. He set- tled on West Hill, where Berry street has since been opened, built the first sawmill and gristmill at the foot of Main street, and died in 1841, aged 84.

A description of the Risley calin was written by William Risley, son of Elijah in 1873. He said the cabin was floored with large flat stones from the creek, to save splitting and smoothing logs. There was a hole in the roof to let out smoke, and when the fire was built upon the stones under it, the stones began to crack and pieces to fly, driving everybody out of the cabin.

Elijah Risley, Jr., was our first storekeeper, opening a small grocery in 1808, west of the creek, on the east side of Main street, where the hill begins to rise. Yet when he was married to Nabhy Brigham, a few years afterward, his wedding journey consisted of a trip with some young people walking through the woods down to the shore of Lake Erie, where they skipped stones on the water and had a picnic. His bride at that sim- ple wedding lived to see her husband sheriff of the county, major-general of the militia of the region, and in 1848 elected to Congress. If you should see a large engraving of the scene in the United States Senate, when Daniel Webster delivered his famous reply to Hayne, of South Carolina, you will see the portrait of Elijah Risley in the foreground.

All the Risley brothers were fine looking and men of high character.

Said a banker: "I would as soon hand money to Levi Risky in the dark without counting as to give it to other men in daylight and take a receipt."

John Jones, an architect and builder, came from England to New York, thence to Westfield about 1837. He built the Episcopal and Baptist churches, the Johnson House and three stately homes with tall pil- lars in front for Elijah, William and Levi Risley, all on Risley street. Two of those homes remain, hut Levi Risley's home was destroyed by fire.

The Risley brothers beautified their own home with shrubbery and flowers and also set out many of the trees which now adorn our village parks. When Wil- liam Risley was village trustee, he aided in securing an ordinance allowing a tax rebate for those who planted maple trees on the line of the streets. But the climax of style and elegance was reached when the three brothers had each a fine standing top carriage built and Mr. Mckinstry says: "When the carriage, drawn by well groomed horses with silver-plated harness,

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drove in procession to church every Sunday morning, the sight filled my boyhood's eye with feeling akin to awe."

Not a Risley descendant now remains in Fredonia.

The Fredonia of 1920 is a beautiful village of over 6,000 inhabitants, abundantly supplied with all the necessities, comforts and many of the luxuries of modern life. It is a village of churches and schools, of clean-living right- minded people proud of their village and its good name. Two banks serve as financial agents for the community. The Barker Li- brary affords book-lovers a pleasant retreat, while Barker Common, now Lafayette Park, faced by the City Hall, the Methodist, Bap- tist and Presbyterian churches on the west, Trinity Episcopal Church and Barker Library on the north, offers shade and rest to the passersby. A fountain, erected by the Wom- an's Christian Temperance Union in 1912 to the memory of . Esther McNeill Crusader, adorns the southeast corner of the Common. Electric lines leave the village at frequent in- tervals and all points are covered by their con- nections.

Fruit products and fruit juices are the towns only manufactures, although grape and fruit baskets are made.

Much might be written of the literary side of Fredonia life, the village being noted as the one-time abode of many celebrities and for its cultured and refined society.

The leading fraternal orders are well repre- sented, an active Young Woman's Christian Association pursues a course of work peculiar to that organization, Benjamin Prescott Chap- ter, Daughters of the American Revolution, offers patriotic inspiration and example, while nine well attended churches offer religious consolation. As the home of a State Normal School and high grade public schools, Fre- donia offers a full and free education to her sons and daughters, through courses of study which fits them for many avenues of occupa- tion or to enter higher institutions of learning. Truly the lot of Fredonians are "cast in pleas- ant places." The Shakespeare Club is a wom- an's organization of high merit, and is the lead- ing literary club of the village. Since the World War the Citizens' Club has not resumed its former activities. Pomfret bore her part nobly in that great struggle, about 325 men going into the different branches of the service from the town. Two of her men were killed in action, Louis Goth and Jay Zender ; one, John H. Wilder, was killed in an airplane acci-

dent ; and a nurse, Miss Annie Williams, died of disease at the front.

Fredonia has the distinction of having been the first place in the United States whose buildings were illuminated with natural gas. The utilization of natural gas was begun in 1821, when the fluid was introduced into a few of the public places, among them the hotel which then occupied the site of what was afterwards the Taylor House, and which was thus illuminated when Lafayette passed through the village. The gas works in Fre- donia were the first in this country. The gas on Canadaway creek was first discovered by the burning of driftwood lying over the water. Child's "Gazetteer and Directory" says that the first spring discovered, and from which gas was first used, was on the north bank of the creek, at the Main street bridge. The gas from this well, enough for thirty burners, was used alone until 1858, when Preston Barmore sunk another well on the creek, in the north- west part of the village. In the year men- tioned, Elias Forbes became interested in the well and formed a company. Three miles of mains were laid through which gas was con- ducted to the village, where it was used in stores. In 1859 the company put in a gas holder and supplied private houses. In 1871 Alvah Colburn drilled a well, bought the Bar- more interest in the Gas Company and con- nected his well, since which time the supply of natural gas available has partially met the demand.

Wells have been sunk and gas found in the towns of Pomfret, Sheridan, Hanover, Port- land, Westfield, and Dunkirk, wells in Han- over, Sheridan, Dunkirk and Pomfret being yet good producers.

About the year 1900, William H. Frost came to Pomfret and later became interested in the production of gas and in its sale as a com- mercial enterprise. He sank his first well in 1906 on Professor Freeman's farm at Fredonia, that well supplying several families of the neighborhood. Later in the face of much com- petition, Mr. Frost received a franchise from the village, stipulating a price to consumers not to exceed thirty-two cents per M. feet and agreeing to furnish not less than sixty families the first year.

Mr. Frost organized the Frost Gas Com- pany, Inc., and continued drilling for gas until he had sunk fifty-three wells, and was supply- ing consumers (house and factory) in Brocton, Portland, Cassadaga, Lily Dale and Stockton. He also sold gas to the amount of $2,000 monthly to the Brooks Locomotive Works in

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Dunkirk, although the South Shore Gas Com- pany supplied Dunkirk and the northern lake towns and villages. Mr. Frost continued the active executive head of the Frost Gas Com- pany, Inc., until January, 1917, when he trans- ferred his interest to Henry L. Doherty & Company, who continue business under the original charter and corporate name, The Frost Gas Company, Inc. In 1892 Mr. Frost drilled a well on the estate which is yet his home in Fredonia, that well yet supplying the house with gas for both light and heat, al- though it has never been uncapped since be- ginning to flow.

Portland-The act erecting the original :own of Portland was passed April 9, 1813, but the town as originally created did not long continue. An act, passed March 1, 1816, erect- ed the town of Ripley as at present consti- .uted, and in addition took from Portland all of the present town of Westfield lying west of Chautauqua creek. Friction arose between the people of the village of Westfield and Port- and, which finally resulted in an act erecting he town of Westfield, passed March 19, 1829. This brought Portland down to smaller pro- portions than the other towns of the county, ave Kiantone and Dunkirk, its assessed area '0,510 acres, including roads, and a real area f 20,749 acres. The town borders Lake Erie long its entire northern border of more than ight miles, Pomfret forming the eastern boundary, Chautauqua and Stockton the outhern, and Westfield the western boundary. The town has few streams, and these in sum- ner dwindle to mere rivulets, yet in rare cases he rainfall has been sufficient to keep the treams full and the source of considerable vater power. Slippery Rock creek is the prin- ipal stream, rising in the southern part of the own, flowing north and northwest to Lake Erie. Springs abound in profusion and fur- ish an abundance of pure water. Natural gas vas found in Portland as in the entire lake egion from Erie, Pa., to Cattaraugus creek, nd sulphur springs have been found in vari- us parts of the town.

The first in the town of Portland was Capt. ames Dunn, who came from near Meadville. 'a., in 1804, and located about 1,100 acres near he center of the town, not yet surveyed into ots. In 1805 he built a log cabin on lot 31, own 5, and with his wife and six children moved in. This was the actual beginning of he town population, a town which one hun- red and ten years later reported a population of 3.352. The first year (1806) Nathan Fay, Elisha Fay, Peter Kane, John Price, Benjamin

Hutchins, David Eaton and Nathaniel Fay came ; of these, Elisha Fay was the last sur- vivor. In 1811 Deacon Elijah Fay came, and to him Chautauqua county owes the great grape industry of which Portland is the center.

Original land purchases in Portland Township 5. 1804-May, James Dunn, 25, 30, 31, 34, 35.

1806-June, Benj. Hutchins, 37, 41; July, David Eaton, 37; Nathan Fay, 25: October, Peter Kane, 38. 1808-February, Thos. Klumph, 37, 41.

1800-June, Rufus Perry, 33; July, Jolin Price, 39; Peter Ingersoll, 41; October, Philo Hopson, 27, 33; November, Jere. Klumph, 19; December, Martin Pot- ter, 12; Robert Sweet, 21.

1810-February, Absalom Harris, 33 (sold to Jere. Potter); Rachel Perry, 33; March, Daniel Barnes, 3, 4; June, Nathan Fay, 12.

1811-May, Elijah Fay, 20; July, Wm. Hutchins, 41. 1813-December, Hollis Fay, 13.

1814-September, John R. Gibson, 13; November, Roe Goldsmith, 5, 6.

1815-April, Moses Sage, 2, 6, 4, 14, 21: Jethro Gerry, 32.

1816-January, Aug. Soper, 12; February, Wm. Corell, 36; May, Samuel Geer, 8; July, Wm. Dunham, 27: Calvin Barnes, 32; Isaac Baldwin, 36; October, Solomon Coney, 42; Lewis Hills, 3: Elijah Fay, 42.

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History of Chautauqua County, New York, and its people, Volume I, Part 45

Author: Downs, John Phillips, 1853- ed. [from old catalog]; Hedley, Fenwick, Y., joint ed. [from old catalog] Publication date: 1921 Publisher: Boston, New York [etc.] American historical society, inc. Number of Pages: 649

Author: Downs, John Phillips, 1853- ed. [from old catalog]; Hedley, Fenwick, Y., joint ed. [from old catalog]
Publication date: 1921
Publisher: Boston, New York [etc.] American historical society, inc.
Number of Pages: 649