History of Onondaga County, New York, Part 2

Author: Clayton, W.W. (W. Woodford)
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Syracuse, N.Y., D. Mason & Co.
Number of Pages: 840


USA > New York > Onondaga County > History of Onondaga County, New York > Part 2


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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.. J (. Woodruff,


..


Lyman Clary, M. D .


16.


Hon. Joshua Forman, (steel)


102


.. Gen. E. W. Leavenworth. isteel)


.. " J. M. Wieting, M. D., 166


.. Rev. E. O. Haven. D. D .. LL. D.,


16


Syracuse University Buildings, (double page) .


between 16 -. 169


Martin's Block,


faring


Residence of John Eastwood,


Portrait of L. H. Redfield, (steel


11


Horace White. (steel)


between 198. 199


The White Memorial Building.


198, 199


- Portrait of Hamilton White. (steel) 200, 201


N. F. Graves, steel 2011 201


D P. Wond. stee )


facing


PAGE


INTRODUCTION,


CHAPTER I -Early Discoveries-Claims of different Nations-New York under Dutch Rule-First Colonial Assembly-The Revolution and Progress of settlement Westward.


CHAPTER I1 .- History of the Military Tract, . 7


(CHAPTER III .- Interesting Early Records-Town Meetings-For- mation of Counties prior to Onondaga-Organization of Onondaga County. 10


L'HAPTER IV .- The Iroquois Confederacy. 12


CHAPT' R V .- The Onondaga Indians and the French -- War between the English and French-Count Frontenac's Invasion of Onondaga, etc .. 17


CHAPTER VI .- The Iroquois and the English-The Onondagas in the French War- English and German Missions among the Onondagas-schools-Treaties. etc .. . 23


CHAPTER VHI -Migration of the Onondagas-Location of their vari- ous Town sites -- Period of their Residence in each Lo- vality.


CHAPTER IX -Internal Navigation-The old Canal-Origin of the Elle Canal-Part taken in it by Eminent Men of Onon- daga Connty -- Its Completion and Advantagea. Br


CHAPTER X .-- History of the Courts -- Erection of the County Build-


CHAPTER XI - History of the Salt Springs, and Manufacture of Salt, with Statistics, etc., 14


CHAPTER XII. -- History of the Salt Springs, continued, with tables showing amount of Salt made since 1797, .


50


CHAPTER XIII .- Topography of Ouondaga County, . 55 CHAPTER XIV .-- Geology of Onondaga County, . CHAPTER XV .-- Geology, continued. 00


CHAPTER XVI .- Agriculture-f'lassification of Soils-Climate -- Tim- ber -- ('learing Land -- Pictures of Pioneer Life -- Produc- tions of the County. . 64


CHAPTER XVII .-- Comparative Statistics-Influential Agrienitur- ists-County Agricultural Societies-The present Joint Stock Company-General Agricultural Statistics of the County, . 64


CHAPTER XVIII .- Judicial and Executive Officers under Ilerkimer County -- Onondaga County Civil List-Military Organi- zation-Population of the County from IN0 to 1>:5, .


CHAPTER XIX .- County Poor House and Insane Asylum -- Counts Penitentiary -- State Asylum for Idiota.


Manufactures.


337


156


"Plan of Onondaga County.


HISTORY OF ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


Portrait of E. F. Rice


faclog


Detween 212. 213


.. Hon D. Pratt isteel Willam C. Roger, steel 212, 213 Purtia tef Marvin W. Hardy.


..


MIzur Clark, ist el


414, 215


('. T. Longstrent steel


411. 217


Empire State Hils-Inch Amos& Sour.


fucing =14


l', rtrait of John Greenway


View of Greenway » Brewery


Portrait of S. P. Pierre.


v Wmn. A. Cock


John Crouse, Atpel


la ing 313


R. sidenee ef J B. Bennett, (with portraits dont le


Horace Bronson,


Hetweeu 14 315


Residence and Farm of Heniy Winchell, ( with portraits) " 314, : 15


LYSANDER.


Former Realdence of John Halsted, Inewig 315


Kesidenice of Mrs Electa Van Derveer.


Portrait of B. B. »henck. M. L.,


between 315. 319


Residence of B. B. sebenck, 31. D., Plainville. 31%, 319


Residences of J HI. and Lyman Norton 320. 321


320. 321


Portrait of Lyman Norton. " Dr. J E. Ililts. facing


Resilence of MIrs F. W Feurer, (with portrait 4)


Residence and Tobacco Barns of W tham Wilson, facınz 324


Portrait of John Halsted, 'steel 325


Residence and Hop Farm of H H Russ, with portraits)


VAN BUREN


Portrait of A. W Bigham. .. . Henry Daboll.


between


.. Residence of : 2. 357


Portraits of H. B. Binghani and wife,


Residence of A. W Binghamn. .x 321


Residence of the late Moses Wormuth, with portraits), :30 321


" George Ecker, (with portraits), 230, 331


·· Russel Foster. facing 331


OLAY


Late Residence of William Wormoth, facing 333


Residence of Thomas HI. Scott, between 331, 335


Residences of Mosley, Horace S. aud Ilomer Dunban, iwith portraits . between 331, 335


Residecee of French Fairchild, with portraits, (double


page) between 336, 17


CICERO.


Resilence of William Il. Carter, with portrait),


facing 934


Portrait of samuel Emmous and wife,


310


Portraits of Hon. Asa Eastwood and wife.


between 310, 341


. Orsamus Jobuson oud wife, 310, 341


Portrait of Isaa . Coonley.


facing 311


" Vilney King "


facing 2.0


Residence of Austin | Wyckoff, (with portraits " Jerathinael Hunt.


between 2-2. 2-3


Portrait of M. H. Blyan, M. D., .. 343. H3


Portraits of samuel Cushing and wife.


.. 34, : 13,


Hosidence of David H Hoyt, with portialts)


facing


SPAFFORD.


Residence of Samnel H Stantin, with portraits), faring 317


OTISCO


Residences of Thomas aud Janis H. Redway. .


between 52 319


Portraits of Thomas Redway and wife,


" James Il. ..


. 345. 319


Residence of James L Niles. Amber, with purtralt+) . 1. 31- 311


Residence and Store of A J Nile. , Amber, with portraits) .


845. 110


Residence aud Farm View of John Van Benthuysen, (double page) 35),350


Residence of W C' Fish.


330 351


Portraits of W. C. and Eliza Ii. Fish,


350. 351


Residence of 1 T Frishie, with portrait4)


faring 351


Portrait of L'riab Fish. 35


Residence of George W Card double pages between 352. 35


Portraits of George W Card and family.


Residence of Warren K uney, with portraits) 354 455


Residence and Shop of Myron Hillyer, with portraits. .. 351. 175


TULLY


Portraits of Hon. Samuel Willis and wife,


between 856. . 57 .. 356. 357


Residence of Ilon. Samuel Willis.


LA FAYETTE.


Residence of Morris Baker, with portrait)


facing


359


.. · Ezekiel Skinner,


.. 304. 303 1


Portraits of Deac in Isaa, Hit hod wife, .. ,Jacob Halst- ] 300


CAMILLUS,


Portint of David Muuro fL.Ing


..


30g


Portrait - of Robert Hopkins and wife, 910


" Eno- Pers 311


Portrait of Sidney H. Cook 312


· Daniel Bebhet !. " Jonathan White.


between 312. 514


Ilou. Peter buras, steel,


230


" Johnson Hall.


Onondaga County Milk Association Depot Portrait of Capt Oliver Teall, steel


George J Gardner, Istrel


..


.. Major -General John J. Peck,


Hutus Stauton.


..


.. Hon Y W. smith


..


.. Ilon. Dennis MeCarthy.


1. Robert Gere. (s'veli


Residenen of Jacob Aon , wit i portrait1


21.


Portrait of Mrs. Ann M T. R. He d, istech)


+ JJames M Ellis. Steel


.. (' Tallman, steel


H1. N. White,


SALINA


Residence of John Pad ork.


facing


Portraits of John Paddock and Wife,


..


Portrait of B. Burton.


265


Portraits of Miles Adams and Wife


GEDDES


Portrait of Dr. W. W. Parter.


facing


ONONDAGA.


Residence of J W. Pars wos, with portrait )


facing


Portrait of Hon. Al ner Chapman. .


Portraits of John F. and Minerva Clark, .


between 2TH, 273


Portrait of Leonard P. Field.


212, 273


Portraits of Jeremiab E'verringham and wives, .


facing 273


..


between 271. 275


" Theophilus Hall


274, 275


" E B. Bradley


facing 273


Portrait of George T Catk. M. I ...


.. . W. W. Newman.


between ghi, srî


Portraits of Charles Carpenter and wife,


..


Residence of George Hall,


Portraits of George Hall and wife,


275 273


Portraits of David Chafee and wife,


..


" Ranstl S. Kenyon and wife. facing : 3


MARCELLUS.


Marcellus Wovlen Mills L. Moses, 'd muble page)


between 444. 43


SKANEATELES.


Residence of the late Julius Earll, . between UN5. 2-9


Portralt of Judge Hezekiah Eurll, . ..


Residence of A. J. Earll with portraits, double page) .


Darvel Mills, Property of Thomas Morton, (double page) " 214, 241


Portrait of ( Pardee, facing :01


Portraits of D. C. Thornton and wife


Thomas Morton's Mills, at Mottville. double page' between 202, 293


Draycott Paper Mills (double page 2044. 295


Residences of W. T and F G Weeks,


291, 25


F A. Sinclair's Union Chair Factory. (double page


..


Portraits of F. A. Sinclair and wife,


Portrait of Benoni Lce. (stee!) facing


ELBRIDGE


Residence of Thomas W Hill, (with portraits


faring


300


. Chauncey B Lnird,


between 310, 301


" Hon. John D. Rbon Jen.


300, 301


. James Rodger


facing 502


Portraits of Dr. Titus Merriman and wife,


903


Portrait of T. K Wright,


30 1


" John A. Stevens,


between 304, 305


Maj. F. J. Farrington, (with portraits)


360


2-1


13


Residence of Robert Henderson, " Capt. V. Danban,


bet weet : 344. 31


" Horaen Hltebings and wife.


Muses Fowler


23


233


210


211


.:


fa m_ 32x


..


PAGE


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Plan of ONONDAGA


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HISTORY


OF


ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


CHAPTER I.


GENERAL HISTORY-EARLY DISCOVERIES-CLAIMS OF DIFFERENT NATIONS-NEW YORK UNDER DUTCH RULE-FIRST COLONIAL ASSEMBLY- THE REVOLUTION AND PROGRESS OF SETTLE- MENT WESTWARD.


T HE County of Onondaga as a civil organiza- tion is of comparatively recent date. The history of this locality, however, extends back into a remote period, and is intimately connected with the earliest discoveries and settlements on the continent of North America. There are evidences that this region of country was visited by Euro- peans a hundred years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, almost a century before the Dutch settled the New Netherlands, and eighty- eight years before Quebec was founded by the French. The monumental stone discovered ir. Pompey, bearing date 1520, carries back our local history three hundred and fifty-seven years from our own time, to a period when the Spaniards were making their discoveries in Florida, and forty-five years before the founding of St. Augus- tine.


A brief review of the early discoveries will be proper in this place.


In less than a decade after the discovery of America by Columbus, the different maritime pow- ers of Europe were engaged in active competition for the prizes of the New World. Spain, actuated by the greed of gold and the lust of conquest, seized upon the rich treasures of the Montezumas, and after conquering and plundering Mexico and South America, took possession of Florida and of that por- tion of the Northern Continent bordering on the Gulf of Mexico. The first Spanish colony in North America was planted at St Augustine, Florida, in 1565, about fifty years after Ponce de Leon had


discovered the southern-most cape of the United States


The English meanwhile were not idle. Author- ized by letters patent from Henry VII, John Ca- bot, a Venetian, accompanied by his son, Sebas- tian, set out on a voyage of discovery to America. He struck the sterile coast of Labrador, June 24, I'497, and was the first European to see the Conti- nent of North America. In 1498, Sebastian Cabot, returning, explored the coast from Newfound- land to Florida.


In 1501, the Portuguese explored nearly the whole coast of North America.


Attracted by the prize of the Newfoundland fisheries, the French of Normandy and Britany sent thither their sailing vessels as early as the begin- ning of the sixteenth century. From this point they discovered the Island of Cape Breton and gradu- ally passed westward into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. To Jacques Cartier, a French mariner of St. Malo, be- longs the honor of having discovered and named the River St. Lawrence. Sailing up its broad ex- panse of waters on St. Lawrence Day, (August IO,) 1534, he gave it the name of that distinguished saint, and ascended the river as far as the Island of Orleans. The following year he explored it to the ancient Indian town of Hochelaga, now Mon- treal. The French under Champlain, founded Que- bec in 1608. One year earlier the English colo- nists had made their first permanent settlement at Jamestown, Virginia, and in 1620 the Mayflower landed another colony at Plymouth Rock, destined to have an important influence in the settlement and institutions of the country for all time to come. These two colonies were the successful rivals of all others of every nationality, in that competition for empire which has made their descendants the masters of North America.


Meanwhile the French had also explored the


-


6


HISTORY OF ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


coasts of New England and New York Emu- latin_ the enterprise of England and Spain, Fran- cis I, of France, had sent upon a voyage of ex ploration the distinguished Florentine mariner, Jobin Verrazzam. This persevering navigator visited America in 152., sailed along the coast a distance of twenty-one hundred miles in trail vessels and safely returned to report his success to his sovereign.


The Dutch East India Company employed Henry Hudson to seek a northern passage to India In a mere yacht he ventured among the northern icebergs, skirted the coast of North America, and sailing up the noble river which perpetuates his name, cast anchor in the stream and opened a trade with the Indians. From them Hudson obtained corn, beans, pumpkins, grapes and tobacco, - products indigenous to the soil and climate of America, and to them he imparted a knowledge of the bandful effects of intoxicating liquor.


On account of the foregoing explorations and discoveries, three nations laid claim to a portion of the territory embraced in the State of New York On the ground of the discoveries of Sebas- tian Cabot in 1498, was based the English claim of ter- ritory, eleven degrees in width extending indefinitely westward ; the French claimed a portion of the eastern Atlantic coast on the ground of the discov- eries made by Verrazzani ; and Holland laid claim to the country from Cape Cod to the southern shore of Delaware Bay, bising her right upon the discoveries of Hudson, made in September, 1609.


Of this thrice-claimed region the Dutch be- came the actual possessors and gave it the name of New Netherlands. They planted a fort on Manhattan Island in 1614, and in 1623 made settle- ments at New Amsterdam and Fort Orange. For a time on amicable terms with the Indians the colonists lived in peace and security, but the cruelty of Keith, one of the four colonial Governors, awakened the fires of revenge and threatened the colony with extermination. Restricted in their rights, and desirous of the privileges and liberties accorded the neighboring English colonists, the Dutch settlers refused to contest supremacy with the naval expedition of Admiral Nichols, sent out by the Duke of York in 1664; and the warlike Steuyvesant, reluctantly yielding to the English, resigned his command, and the province re- ceived the name of NEW YORK. The settlement at New Amsterdam was changed to the same name, and Fort Orange to Albany, the present State Capital.


Hailing with satisfaction the charge of masters,


the Dutch and English colonists, whose plantations had been devastated by the Raritans and their allies, and whose lives had been saved by the inter- position of the friendly Mohawks, soon found them- selves in a protracted struggle with the royal Gov- ernors. Repeatedly defrauded of their means, they raised revenues under their own officers and stout- ly defended and successfully maintained their rights and liberties.


In October, 1683, the first Colonial Assembly for the Province of New York held its session. It consisted of a Governor, Council of Ten, and House of Representatives of seventeen members elected by the people.


In conflict with their French enemies on the north, the timidity and delays of the Governors brought the English into contempt with their fierce allies, the Iroquois, on the west ; but the misfor- tune was averted before treaties were annulled by the sagacity and activity of Schuyler and Fletcher in the winter of 1693. The changes and revolu- tions in England extended to the royal province and occasioned an event of vast importance in its bearing on the future of the State. The circum- stances of the hanging of Leisler and Millbourne, so familiar to many, opened a chasm between the people, whose hardships in a new land entitled them to a voice in their own government, and pro- prietors of large tracts of land, with aristocratic tendencies and pretensions, who aimed at a com- plete usurpation of popular rights and privileges. The antagonism thus fostered kindled to a flame upon the breaking out of the Revolution, and un- der the appellations of Whig and Tory the people were arranged in nearly equal numbers.


During the Revolution, eastern New York was the scene of various severe struggles. The defeat of the Americans on Long Island was the com- mencement of a period of gloom and depression ; but the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga in- spired a hope and a resolution which never ceased till the close of the war. With the arrival of peace and freedom from foreign influence, and during the cessation of internal dissensions, many soldiers re- ceiving grants of land in lieu of bounties, proceeded westward to find and settle upon their tracts. Large areas of land were bought, and sometimes after many changes of ownership, the proprietors or com- panies offering liberal terms, invited settlers, laid out counties and towns, and founded villages and hamlets, which have grown into cities important and populous.


At the close of the Revolution, Central and Western New York was a wilderness ; but the


?


7


HISTORY OF ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


march of armies and the forays of detachments had made known the future promise of this hitherto un- trodden region ; and companies, the State and the general Government, immediately took steps, as policy and duty seemed to dictate, to acquire im- mediate ownership.


The conclusion of that peace by which American Independence was acknowledged secured no terms to England's savage auxiliaries. Their ancient possessions, by the treaty of 1783, passed into the hands of the United States. The new Government desired to consolidate a peace with the Six Na- tions, and to this end the General Assembly of New York made provision for a treaty, by passing an act, April 6, 1784, associating with Governor George Clinton, President ex-officio of the Board of Commissioners, and his three associates, such other persons as should be deemed necessary, who were authorized to proceed to form a compact with the Indians. The place selected was Fort Stanwix. But pending the meeting Congress took action in the matter, appointing Oliver Wolcott, Arthur Lee and Richard Butler, Commissioners to make a treaty with the same parties. This brought the general Government and State into conflict ; the general Government maintained its prerogatives, and, by the Commissioners appointed, concluded a treaty with the Six Nations at Fort Stanwix, Octo- ber 22, 1784. This treaty ceded a large portion of land in Western New York. By a treaty with the Onondagas, concluded September 12, 1788, the lands known as the Military Tract were acquired.


CHAPTER II.


HISTORY OF THE MILITARY TRACT.


I N our introductory chapter we have brought down the thread of events to the extinguish- ment of the Indian title to the Military Tract. That portion of the State was afterwards organized into the County of Onondaga. The history of this famous tract of land may properly begin with the action of Congress on the 16th of September, 1776, in mak- ing provision for the bounties of the soldiers to be enlisted in the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution. The following is an extract from the journal of Congress, dated as above :


"Congress then resolved itself into a committee of the whole to take into consideration the report of the Board of War; and after some time the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Nelson re- ported that the committee have had under consid- eration the report from the Board of War, and have made sundry amendments; which they ordered


him to lay before Congress. Congress then took into consideration the report of the Board of War, and the amendments offered by the committee of the whole, and thereupon came to the following resolutions :


" That eighty-eight Battalions be enlisted as soon as possible, to serve during the present war ; and that each State furnish their respective quotas in the following proportions, vis .:


New Hampshire Three Battalions.


Massachusetts Bay. Fifteen


Rhode Island Two


Connecticut


Eight


New York Four


New Jersey


Four =


Pennsylvania.


Twelve 64


Delaware


One


Maryland


Eight


Virginia .


.Fifteen


North Carolina .Nine


South Carolina .Six


Georgia


One


.


" That twenty dollars be given as a bounty to each non-commissioned officer and private soldier who shall enlist to serve during the present war, unless sooner discharged by Congress.


" That Congress make provision for granting lands in the following proportions to the officers and soldiers, who shall so engage in the service, and continue therein till the close of the war, or until discharged by Congress, and to the representatives of such officers and soldiers as shall be slain by the enemy.


" Such lands to be provided by the United States ; and whatever expenses shall be necessary to procure such land, the said expenses shall be paid and borne by the States, in the same propor- tion as the other expenses of the war, viz :


To a Colonel . 500 Acres.


To a Lieutenant-Colonel 450


To a Major .400


To a Captain .300


=


To a Lieutenant .200


To an Ensign


150


Each non-commissioned officer and soldier. 100


By an act of the 12th of August, 1780, Congress also made provision of land bounties for Major Generals and Brigadier Generals, as follows :


To a Major General 1,100 Acres.


To a Brigadier General . .. 850


At the close of the war, in 1783, the Legislature of the State of New York, took action with regard to these promised bounty lands, not only with a view of discharging the aforesaid engagement of Congress, but, in consideration of the virtue and patriotism of the troops of New York, to add there- to a large gratuity of State lands. The resolution of the Senate was introduced by Mr. Duane, and is dated March 27, 1783. It is in the words fol- lowing :


S


HISTORY OF ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK.


" Reached therefore. It the honorable, the House of Assemb's concur herein.) That besides the bounty ot lat l so premfeed as atoresaid, this Legis- lature will by law provide that the Major Genera's and Brigadier Generals now serving in the line of the arthy of the Umtel States, and ben y citizens of this State , and the officers, non-commissioned officers and privates et the two regiments com- mangled by Colonels Van Schaik and Van Cort- landt. such officers of the regiment of artillery commande l by Colonel Lamb, and of the corps of sappers and miners, as were when they entered the service, inhabitants of this State , such of the non- commissionel officers and privates of the said last mentioned two corps as are credited to this State as part of the troops thereef, all officers designated by any act of Congress subsequent to the 16th of September, 1776, all officers recommended by Congress as persons where depreciation on pay ought to be made good by this State, and who may hold military con missions in the line of the army at the close of the war , and the Rey John Mason and John Garo, shall severally have granted to them the following quantities of land, to wit :


To a Maar Gereral 5 500 Acres.


lo a Br vier General 4.250 ..


To a Colorel . 2,500


To a Licit Colonel 2.250


To a Major 2,000


A Captain and a Regimental Surgeon each . . . . 1.500


Each of sud Chaplains . 2,000


Every Sabaltern and Sur- Leon's Mate


.. 1,000


Every non commissioned off-


cer and private 500


" That the lands so to be granted as bounty from the United States, and as gratuity from the State. shall be hil out in townships of six miles square ; that each township shall be divided into 156 lots of Bares each, two bts whereof shall be reserved for the use of a minister of ministers of the gospel. and two lots for the use of a school or schools; that each person above described shall be entitled to as many such lots as his bounty and gratuity land as afore and will delimit of; that one half the lots each person shall be entitled to shall be improved at the rate of tive aeres for each hundred acres, within five years after the grant, if the grantee shall re- tain the possession of such lots, and that the sand bounty and gratuity lands be located in the district of this State reserved for the use of the troops by an act entitled, " An Act to prevent grants or loca- tions of the lands theren mentioned, passed the 25th day of July, 1752.


" Resched. That His Excellency the Governor be requested to communicate these resolutions in such manner as he shall conceive most proper.


" Rested, That this House do concur with the Honorable, the Senate, in the last preceding reso- lutions.


" Ordered, That Mr John Lawrence and Mr Humfrey carry a copy of the preceding resolution of concurrence to the Honorable, the Senate."


Previous to the date of the above extract the Legislature of the State had by an act passed March 20, 1781, further provided for the raising of troops to complete the line of this State in the ser- vice of the United States ; and two regiments to be raised on bounties of lands and for the further defense of the frontier of the State. The land granted by these last mentioned acts being bounty lands , those granted as provided for in the extracts above being gratuity lands.




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