USA > New York > Rensselaer County > Landmarks of Rensselaer county, New York, pt 1 > Part 33
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The necessity for a government building in Troy for the use of the post-office and other local federal officials had been apparent many
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years before the federal government finally decided to erect one. Feb- ruary 5, 1885, a bill making an appropriation of $200,000 for such a building passed the house of representatives and soon afterward be- came a law. In the summer of 1886 a commission appointed by the secretary of the treasury purchased for $99,000 the Gross-Hall and Griffith properties on the northeast corner of Broadway and Fourth streets. Subsequently the appropriation for the building was in- creased to more than half a million dollars. The structure was com- pleted in the spring of 1894 and the post-office opened therein in May of that year. The building is fireproof throughout and its architecture is very handsome. The exterior is of gray stone and all the floors are of tile.
Before the establishment of a post-office in Lansingburgh in 1792 residents of Troy received letters through the Albany post-office. When an office was established in Lansingburgh letters for Troy were left there and sent to the latter place by a carrier. The first post- master appointed for Troy was Nathan Williams, in 1796. He was a law student in the office of John Woodworth, surrogate of Rensselaer county, where the first post-office was opened. Since the establish- ment of a post. office in Troy, twenty-one postmasters have held the position of postmaster: Nathan Williams, 1796 to 1797; John Wood- worth, 1797 to 1800; David Buel, 1800 to 1804; Ruggles Hubbard, 1801 to 1806; Samuel Gale, 1806 to 1829; William Pierce, 1829 to 1832; Isaac McConihe, December, 1832 to 1842; Charles H. Reed, August, 1812 to 1843; George R. Davis, August, 1843 to 1849; Thomas Clowes, 1849 to 1851 ; William T. Willard, 1851 to 1853; Foster Bosworth, 1853 to 1851; W. W. Whitman, 1851 to 1858; James R. Fonda, December, 1858, to October 15, 1861; George T. Blair, September, 1861, to 1862; Thomas Clowes, 1862 to April 9, 1866 (J. W. Freeman, Thomas Clowes's bondsman, on the death of the latter, performed his duties until the appoinment of his successor); Alonzo Alden, appointed June 1, 1866, to 1874; Gilbert Robertson, jr., appointed February 18, 1878; reappointed April 4, 1882-term expired March 16, 1886; Edward Do- lan, appointed April 28, 1886, and entered upon his duties May 17. Francis N. Mann, jr., 1890 to 1895. Michael F. Sheary was appointed by President Cleveland June 10, 1895. The present free delivery sys- tem was inaugurated in Troy in 1864, with five carriers. The system now includes Lansingburgh and Green Island.
The death of one of Troy's most distinguished citizens, Major Gen-
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GEN. JOSEPH B. CARR.
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eral Joseph Bradford Carr, occurred at his home on Fifth avenue on the morning of Sunday, February 24, 1895. General Carr had been a sufferer from a cancer on the jaw for several years and had undergone several surgical operations, but the only effect was to prolong his life. The funeral was held on the afternoon of Wednesday, February 27, from the house at one P. M. and from St. Peter's Roman Catholic church at three r. M. The body lay in state at his residence from ten A. M. to one P. M. and during that time was viewed by thousands of persons. After the service at the house the funeral cortege proceeded to the church, headed by Doring's full military band and members of the municipal police department, Superintendent W. W. Willard in com- mand. The local companies of the New York National Guard followed, after which came the caisson, flanked by the active pall bearers-Major Edward Murray Green, Colonel Francis N. Mann, Colonel Charles S. Francisand Colonel Arthur MacArthur, representing the Third Division Staff association ; Past Commanders W. W. Rousseau and George H. En- nis of Griswold post, G. A. R., and Arthur W. Bradley and J. J. Hagen from the Second New York Volunteer Regiment association. The caisson was covered by the American flag which was used at Fortress Monroe; and the flag preserved from the battle of Yorktown was wrapped about the remains. The honorary pall bearers, who were next in line, were General Daniel E. Sickles, ex-Governor Alonzo B. Cornell, General Tremain, Major Richardson, General Alonzo Alden, Colonel Charles L. MacArthur, Lieutenant Governor Charles T. Sax- ton, Hamilton Fish, speaker of the Assembly; Congressman John A. Quackenbush, John M. Francis, William Kemp, George H. Starbuck, James 1. Breslin of New York, Thomas C. Breslin of Waterford, Major Isaac Arnold, U. S. A., Captain Isaac P. Gregg, William P. Devery and William A. Smith of General Carr's Massachusetts brigade, Colonel Sidney W. Park and the following members of the Third Division Staff association : Colonels Jacob C. Cuyler, Chester Griswold, Le Roy MeLean, Edgar L. Fursman, Matthew HI. Burton, John A. McDonald, John Don, David M. Greene, Lee Chamberlain, Harry M. Alden, Robert C. Pruyn, George P. Lawton, Charles H. Stott and Major Albert Hoysradt. Then followed the United States Army offi- cers, Brigadier General Robert Shaw Oliver and staff of the Third Brigade, New York National Guard; Second Regiment association, Tibbits Veteran Corps, Grand Army veterans, city officers, a committee from the State Senate and Assembly and representatives of Governor Morton.
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At St. Peter's church the entire service was conducted by Rev. Father John Walsh, assisted by Rev. Fathers O'Connor and Fogarty of St. Peter's church and Rev. Father McQuaid, S. J., of St. Joseph's church. The Grand Army ritual service was performed at the grave in Oakwood cemetery and was conducted by Post Griswold. Com- mander E. A. Fry was in charge, assisted by L. M. S. Haynes, D. D., as chaplain.
The death of Rev. John Ireland Tucker, D. D., for more than half a century rector of the Church of the Holy Cross, Episcopal, occurred just before noon Saturday, August 17, 1895. Five days before he had been stricken with paralysis, from which henever rallied. Dr. Tucker was born in Brooklyn, November 26, 1819. He entered the ministry in 1844, coming to Troy in that year, where he remained until his death as the beloved rector of Holy Cross church. His funeral occurred Tuesday morning, August 20, at 10:30 o'clock, from that church, and was attended by a very large number of clergymen from various parts of the country. The officiating clergymen were Rt. Rev. William Croswell Doane, Bishop of Albany; Rev. Dr. Edgar A. Enos, rector of St. Paul's Episcopal church of Troy, and Rt. Rev. Henry C. Potter, Bishop of New York. The honorary bearers were Rev. Canon Fulcher of Albany, Rev. Joseph Carey of Saratoga, Rev. James Caird, Rev. G. A. Holbrook, Rev. R. B. Fairbairn, General Selden E. Marvin of Albany, William Kemp, C. W. Tillinghast and John I. Thompson. The active bearers were William Il. Young, Thomas Colwell, Elias G. Dorlan, A. G. Goldthwaite, Dr. J. D. Lomax, F. W. Crawford, Swift Martin and E. J. Cridge. At the grave the service was conducted by Bishop Doane, assisted by Rev. Dr. Eaton W. Mascy.
One of the most famous murder cases in the annals of Troy was that of Robert Ross by Bartholomew Shea. The crime was committed during a charter election March 6, 1894, at the polling place in the third district of the thirteenth ward, and was the outcome of a politi- cal quarrel. During the fight several shots were exchanged, and Rob- ert Ross was killed and his brother William badly wounded. Bartholo- mew Shea and John McGough were both arrested for the crime .. The inquest continued from March 14 to March 21 and resulted in holding Shea for the crime. So great was the public feeling over the matter that mass meetings were held and public committees of safety formed. For a long time the crime was the leading topie of conversation in all cireles and charges were freely made implicating high officials as being
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indirectly responsible for the murder. Shea was tried at an extraordi- nary term of the Supreme Court, presided over by Justice Pardon C. Williams of Watertown. The prosecution was conducted by Assistant District Attorney Thomas E. Fagan, assisted by George Raines of Rochester, and Shea was represented by John T. Norton of Troy and Galen R. Hitt of Albany. The trial began May 28 and continued until July 3, and at one o'clock on the morning of July 4 the jury brought in a verdiet of murder in the first degree. Shea was sentenced July 10 to be executed by electricity in Clinton State prison during the week be- ginning August 21, 1894, after which every possible legal effort was made to save him. The case was taken to the Court of Appeals, which affirmed the decision of the lower court, and November 14 Shea was brought to Troy and again sentenced by Justice Edwards to die during Christmas week. December 20 a respite was ordered by Governor Morton until January 2, 1896, and Jannary 6 he was again respited un- til February 4, 1896. The second respite was caused by the confession of John MeGongh that he shot Ross, following which Shea's attorneys applied to Judge Mayham for an order to show cause why a new trial should not be granted. After a two days' argument on the motion it was denied and the sentence of death was executed February 11, 1896.
Before the excitement caused by the execution of Bartholomew Shea had begun to subside a colossal calamity visited Troy in the burning of the big Burdett building on the northwest corner of River street and Broadway. Fire caught in the fifth floor of the building on the after- noon of February 17, 1896, and so rapidly did the flames spread that escape by way of the stairs was impossible. The upper floors were occupied by two collar manufacturing firms, and nearly all the employés were women and girls. Nearly all these reached the street in safety by way of the fire escapes, assisted by the firemen, but several jumped to the street. Mrs. Patrick Carroll, Mrs. Robert Kane and Mrs. Ann Foley were killed by jumping, and Millie Broek was burned to death. John J. Farrell, a member of the Arba Read steamer company, distin- guished himself by saving fully a score of lives, and subsequently he was made a fire commissioner, at the time of his appointment being the youngest man in New York State to hold such an office. The total money loss by the fire was about $185,000, and was practically covered by insurance. The building was owned by Mrs. George C. Burdett. The building of the Truesdell estate, adjoining the Burdett building on the south, was also burned, and several occupants of the Mccarthy
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building on the north suffered more or less damage by smoke and water, The fire was one of the fiercest that the firemen of Troy were ever called upon to fight. During its progress the thermometer stood at zero, and most of the water froze before it reached the upper stories, forming a mass of ice from twelve to fifteen feet high on the street and sidewalk.
On the morning of May 26, 1896, the steamboat City of Troy, of the Citizens' line of steamers, arrived at her destination in Troy at 3:15 o'clock, having made the trip from New York in nine hours and eight minutes, the fastest time ever made by a boat of this line. The usual running time of the steamboats City of Troy and Saratoga had been about eleven hours.
CHAPTER XVII.
Industries and Institutions of Troy-The Leading Manufactures and Mercantile- Establishments-Troy Famous for its Collar and Cuff Industries-The Manufacture of Iron and Steel, Stoves, Ranges and Valves-Other Big Industries-Troy's Cele- brated Educational Institutions -- History of Its Churches- Municipal Departments -Statistics Showing Development Along Various Lines.
MANUFACTURING AND MERCANTILE ESTABLISHMENTS.
Troy is noted more for the manufacture of collars and cuffs than for anything else, though the manufacture of iron products has been very extensive since the business was established. So numerous and varied are the industries of the city that a history of the most important only will be given.
The largest collar, cuff and shirt manufacturing house in Troy, as well as in the world, is that of Cluett, Coon & Co., located on the east side of River street above Jacob. There have been many changes in the firm since the business was established. The house originated in a combination of two firms in November, 1889.
The two firms were George B. Cluett, Bro. & Co. and Coon & Co., and composed of the following members: George B. Cluett, J. W. Al- fred Cluett, Robert Cluett, John II. Coon, Daniel W. Coon, Henry C. Statzell and Frederick F. Peabody. George B. Cluett, Bro. & Co. was
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founded in 1863, succeeding Maullin & Cluett. In 1851 Joseph Maullin and E. D. Blanchard began manufacturing men's collars at 310 River street. In 1856 they were succeeded by Maullin & Bigelow. In 1861 George B. Clnett, who had had charge of the manufacturing department, was admitted to partnership, and the firm became Maullin, Bigelow & Co., the members being Joseph Maullin, Charles II. Bigelow and George B. Cluett. In 1862 Joseph Maullin and George B. Chuett organized the firm of Maullin & Cluett. In 1863 on the death of Mr. Maullin the firm of George B. Cluett, Bro. & Co. was organized by George B. Cluett, J. W. A. Chuett, and Charles J. Saxe. J. W. A Cluett had previously held an important position in the business, covering a period from 1852 to the close of 1857. In 1866 Charles J. Saxe withdrew from the firm and Robert Cluett became a partner, having been an employé since 1862. In 1874 the name of R. S. Norton was associated with the firm, and was so continued until his death in 1887. The factory of George B. Cluett, Bro. & Co. was located from 1862 to 1874 at No. 390 River street; from 1845 to 1880 at Nos. 74 and 76 Federal street, the building being destroyed by fire on March 20, 1880. Before the fire was extinguished a new location was found at 556 Fulton street. In 1881 the first of the five factories occupied by the present firm, eover- ing an area of one hundred by one hundred feet, was erected and occupied. In 1884 the second factory fifty by one hundred feet was built. In 1890 the present firm centralized its entire manufacturing opera- tions by occupying its third building one hundred by one hundred feet ; the entire establishment then having a frontage of two hundred and fifty feet, and making one of the most prominent features of the city.
'The history of the origin and progress of the successful firm of Coon & Co. is a record of business devotion and unremitting perseverance. This house was established in 1856 by John HI. Coon and II. W. Cole, the former having recently returned after a successful venture in Cali- fornia. The firm of Cole & Coon first manufactured collars at the northwest corner of Grand Division (now Grand) and North Third streets, but in 1859 removed to the Manufacturers' Bank building. In that year J. M. Van Volkenburgh was admitted to the firm, and the firm became Cole, Coon & Co. In 1861 the business was removed to No. 7 Union street, where it remained until destroyed in the great fire of 1862. In 1861 Mr. Cole had withdrawn and Coon & Van Volken- burgh had succeeded to the business. In 1868 J. M. Van Volkenburgh withdrew and J. H. Coon, W. H. Reynolds and Daniel W. Coon founded
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the firm of Coon, Reynolds & Co., which continued in successful opera. tion to the death of W. H. Reynolds in 1879. In that year the firm of Coon & Co. was founded by J. H. Coon, D. W. Coon, Il. C. Statzell and F. F. Peabody, the last two members having held important posi tions with the preceding firm. In 1881 the factory was removed to the upper stories of No. 556 Fulton street, where the operations of the firm were for a while suspended by fire, the building being partly destroyed on the night of February 19, 1885. The success of Coon & Co. was the natural result of the individual enterprise of the several members of the firm, D. W. Coon having charge of the factory, and J. H. Coon, H. C. Statzell, and F. F. Peabody having the care of the salesrooms in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago and San Francisco. The suceesses of Cluett, Coon & Co. have run parallel with the growth and prosperity of the city. The business had reached such proportions in 1894 that it was found necessary to still further increase the manufac turing facilities, and the fourth factory was added, giving a hundred feet additional on the north. May 1st, 1894, John H. Coon retired from the firm after an active business career of thirty eight years. During the summer of 1896 a still further addition to the factories of Cluett, Coon & Co. was made by extending fifty feet still further on the north, so that at the present time the five factories have a frontage on River street of four hundred feet with a depth of nearly one hundred feet. Cluett, Coon & Co, are unquestionably the largest manufacturers of shirts, collars and cuffs in the world.
The collar and cuff manufacturing firm of Earl & Wilson is also one of the most celebrated in the world. The concern was the first of its kind in Troy to creet a building particularly designed for its business. The experience of the senior proprietor, William S. Earl, in the manu- facture of collars and cuffs began in 1848, when he was employed in the factory of his father in-law, Jefferson Gardner, on King street. In 1850 he engaged in the business alone and from 1856 to 1858 was asso- ciated with Edwin D. Blanchard. January 1, 1867, he and Washington Wilson entered into partnership under the name of Earl & Wilson. In 1873 his son, Gardner Earl, was admitted into the firm, and in 1881 Arthur R. Wilson, a brother of Washington Wilson, was admitted. Gardner Earl died in 1887 and later in the same year Edgar K. Betts joined the firm. In 1876 Earl & Wilson moved into their building on the southwest corner of Broadway and Seventh street.
The firm of Corliss, Coon & Co., collar and cuff manufacturers, was
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founded in 1838 by John M. Corliss and Arnold II. Holdridge. The partnership was dissolved in the following year and Mr. Corliss con- tinued the business alone until 1840, when he and John White were in partnership. From 1840 to 1846 he was associated with Hiram House, and in 1854 Samuel N. Ide was admitted as a partner. He retired in 1857, and in 1868 the firm was succeeded by John M. Corliss & Son (Wilbur F. Corliss). The firm of Corliss Bros. & Co. was formed in 1882 by Wilbur F. Corliss, Charles H. Corliss, John A. Corliss and Elmer H. Garrett. Charles HI. Corliss retired in 1890, and in 1895 Albert E. Coon was admitted, the firm becoming Corliss, Coon & Co.
The house of Miller, Hall & Hartwell was originally established in 1866, when Justus Miller, A. P. Hamlin and Joseph Wheelock, under the name of llamlin, Miller & Co., began manufacturing collars and cuffs at 464 Fulton street. ' On the dissolution of the partnership in the following year, Miller & Wheelock continued the business. In 1844 E. W. Bingham became a member of the firm, which then took the name of Miller, Wheelock & Co. In 1825 the firm was succeeded by that of Miller & Bingham. After the death of E. W. Bingham in 1877, his widow retained an interest in the business until 1878, under the name of Miller & Bingham. Justus Miller conducted the business at Nos. 485, 482, 489 and 491 River street until December 7, 1879, when the building was burned. Until July 1, 1880, he occupied the building on the corner of River and Hoosick street, whence he moved into his new and commodious manufactory on the west side of River street, north of Hoosick street. In 1884 the present firm was organized, its members being Justus Miller, William L. Hall and Chas. E. Hartwell. In 1890 the firm erected the new addition to their factory, making in all a plant 175 by 100 feet, six stories in height. Employment is fur- nished in the several departments to upwards of 1,200 persons. The firm also operates branch factories at Hoosick Falls and Mechanicville, N. Y., and supplies factories in cities and villages contiguous to Troy, furnishing work to nearly 1, 500 other operators in these localities.
George P. Ide & Co. are the latest successors of the firm established in 1865 by George P. Ide and S. V. R. Ford. Samuel N. Ide was ad- mitted in 1867, and in 1872 Mr. Ford was succeeded by Charles E. Bruce. In 1878 the firm was dissolved and George P. Ide, James M. Ide and Charles E. Bruce formed a copartnership, which was succeeded in 1884 by George P. Ide & Co. (George P' Ide, James M. Ide and Frank B Twining.) Alba N. Ide, son of George P. Ide, was admitted to the
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firm in 1889. The Brokaw Manufacturing company, formed in 1890 by George P. Ide, W. B. Brokaw and Frank B. Twining, occupies a part of the big building of the firm on River street.
The founder of the house now controlled by William Barker was J. W. Wheeler, who engaged in business in 1866. His successors were Wheeler, Bisco & Corning, 1866; Bisco, Corning & Abbey, 1866; Bisco & Corning, 1872; Douglas Corning, 1826; Douglas Corning & Co. (William Barker), 1881; Corning & Barker, 1885; and William Barker, 1887.
The house of Holmes & Ide was originally founded December 1, 1869, by Messrs. Parks, Ide & Holmes, occupying the second and third floors of the Manufacturers' National Bank building at River and King streets. They moved in 1872 to the Cole building in Sixth avenue, north of Union depot, where they occupied two floors. In 1877 Stephen Parks, the senior member of the firm, retired from the business, and the present firm was organized, the individual members being Henry Holmes and John C. Ide. About 1883 the factory was moved to the Tib- bits buildings, River and Federal streets, the upper floor of both build- ings being occupied. In 1886 the firm leased three floors of the Tibbits building, 407 to 417 Federal street, where they have been located to the present time.
Tim & Co. engaged in the collar business in 18 ?? , the members of the firm at that time being Louis Tim, Solomon Tim and Max Herman. J. O'Sullivan joined the firm in 1876. The new factory in the rear of Sixth street south of Broadway was built in 1881. In 1883 M. Ober was admitted to the business. He withdrew in 1888 and was followed the next year by Messis. Herman and O'Sullivan. April 1, 1818, the firm of Tim, Wallerstein & Co, was organized by Louis Tim, Solomon Tim, E. Wallerstein and Max Herman.
Van Zandt, Jacobs & Co. began business in 1889 in the Cronin build- ing on the corner of River and Federal streets. Three years afterwards they moved to the Burdett building, and soon after that property was burned in 1896 they began the erection of a new factory at the corner of River and Rensselaer streets, which they expect to occupy before the beginning of the year 1897.
Of the numerous other collar, cuff and shirt manufacturing firms in Troy, Fellows & Co. originated from the house of Lyman Bennett, founded in 1834; J. Stettheimer, jr., & Co. succeeded J. Stettheimer, who started in business in 1863; Joseph Bowman & Sons originated in
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the house of Bowman & Mosely, founded in 1853; H. C. Curtis & Co., founded by II. C. Curtis and Charles Cleminshaw in 1884; Ball Bros. (John C. Ball), succeeded Gallup & Tucker, founded in 1864 ; C. H. Me- Clellan & Co. originated in the house of Gallup & Tucker ( William H. Gallup and Sidney D. Tucker); Wilbur & Co originated in the firm of Wilbur, De Bois & Wilbur, formed in 1883; Gunnison & Marvin orig- inated as Gunnison & Stewart in 1854; E. W. Marvin began business November 1, 1894.
The Troy Steel company, one of Troy's mammoth manufacturing concerns, was the outgrowth of the Albany Rolling and Slitting mill, built in 1807 by Brinckerhoff & Co. of Albany on the site of the De Freest fulling mill on the north side of the lower fall of the Wynants kill. It was purchased in 1826 by Erastus Corning, who called it the Albany nail factory. Soon after John T. Norton became associated with him under the firm name of Norton & Corning. Four years later the firm was dissolved, James Horner entering into partnership with Mr. Corning. In 1838 John F. Winslow was admitted to the firm, which became Corning, Horner & Winslow, and the plant was called the Albany Iron Works. In 1849 the steam mill on the south side of the Wynants kill was erected. Later Erastus Corning, jr., and Gilbert C. Davidson were admitted and the firm became Corning, Winslow & Co. In 1864 the firm became Corning & Winslow, and three years later Erastus Corning & Co. assumed control. The great plant also includes the extinct Troy Vulcan company's works, established in 1846, in which Henry Burden, John F. Winslow, John A. Griswold, Erastus Corning, sr., Erastus Corning, jr., and Chester Griswold were at various times interested ; and the plant of the Bessemer steel works established in 1863 by Alexander T. Holley, John F. Winslow and John A. Griswold. The plant for more than a quarter of a century has produced the best grades of steel in the United States. Erastus Corning & Co. and John A. Griswold & Co. consolidated March 1, 1875, under the name of the Albany & Rensselaer Iron and Steel company, with Erastus Corning as president, Chester Griswold as vice president, and Selden E. Marvin as secretary and treasurer. September 1, 1885, this concern was suc- ceeded by the Troy Steel & Iron company, with a capital stock of $2,500,000. Three great blast furnaces were erected by the company on Breaker Island in 1885 and 1886, the first being put in operation in May, 1887. From that time the Albany Iron works department has been devoted mainly to the production of merchant iron, rivets and
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