USA > New York > Saratoga County > Our county and its people : a descriptive and biographical record of Saratoga County, New York > Part 35
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SARATOGA IN THE SPANISH WAR.
CHAPTER XIV.
The War With Spain, and the Participation of Saratoga County Therein-Enlist- ment of the Twenty-second Separate Company of Saratoga Springs-Assigned to the Second New York Provisional Regiment-Its Gradual Movement to Hempstead Plains, L. I., Thence to Chickamauga Park and Tampa, Fla -Promotions in the Regiment-Those Who Volunteered-Others from This County Who Volunteered in Other Commands -- Relief Measures -- The One Hundred and Twenty-second Sepa- rate Company.
While the country was recovering from the disastrous effects of the financial and industrial panic which began in 1892 and left a depressed condition in the business world for nearly half a dozen years, it was suddenly plunged into a war with Spain as the result of American in- terference in behalf of the patriots of Cuba who had been fighting for indpendence from the Spanish crown since February, 1895. From the early days of the Cuban revolution filibustering expeditions had fre- quently left the shores of the United States, the Cuban Junta in New York in this way furnishing the revolutionists with arms, ammunition and other stores necessary for the continuance of the struggle and the success of Cuban arms. The United States government did everything in its power to prevent the sailing of these numerous expeditions. It dispatched armed vessels to suspected rendezvous, and on numerous occasions, in its efforts to prevent Americans or others who found a shelter in this country from violating the laws of nations, it prevented, by force, the sailing of these expeditions, even arresting and imprison- ing some of the filibusters.
But Spain was not satisfied with the efforts of this country and accused America of duplicity. Gradually the relations between the two countries became more strained. In the winter of 1897-98 Senor Dupuy De Lome, the Spanish ambassador to the United States, inju- diciously gave expression to his personal opinions and ideas in an un- diplomatic manner, and was recalled. In the meantime Congress had been considering the question of Cuban independence. Finally, in April, 1898, that body decided upon intervention in behalf of the Cubans, and President Mckinley issued a dispatch recalling Gen.
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Stewart L. Woodford, our ambassador at Madrid. Through an act of Spanish treachery the Spanish government was made aware of the con- tents of the note to Ambassador Woodford before it was transmitted to him, and, to circumvent the United States government, it thereby gave to Senor Palo de Bernabe, De Lome's successor at Washington, a chance to resign before Woodford could be recalled. This incident nerved each country up to a highly excited state, and each considered the action of the other tantamount to a declaration of war.
Acting upon the assumption that Spain, by her treacherous and un- friendly act, had practically declared war, President Mckinley acted quickly. Havana and other ports on the north coast of Cuba were de- clared to be blockaded and our navy began seizing prizes flying the Spanish flag. Soon a formal declaration of war was made by our gov- ernment. The national troops were mobilized at points on or near the Atlantic seaboard and gulf coast, a portion of our navy was dispatched to Cuban waters, the squadron under command of Commodore Dewey was sent from Hong Kong to the Philippine Islands, and, on April 23, President Mckinley issued a call for 125,000 volunteers. The call read as follows:
By the President of the United States. A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas, By a joint resolution of Congress approved on the twentieth day of April, 1898, entitled "Joint resolution for the recognition of the independence of the people of Cuba, demanding that the government of Spain relinquish its authority and government in the island of Cuba, and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and directing the President of the United States to use the land and naval forces of the United States to carry this resolution into effect," and
Whereas, By an act of Congress entitled " An act to provide for temporarily in- creasing the military establishment of the United States in time of war and for other purposes," approved April 22, 1898, the President is authorized, in order to raise a volunteer army, to issue his proclamation calling for volunteers to serve in the Army of the United States:
Now, therefore, I, William Mckinley, President of the United States, by virtue of the power vested in me by the Constitution and the laws, and deeming sufficient occasion to exist, have thought fit to call forth, and hereby do call forth, volunteers to the aggregate number of 125,000, in order to carry into effect the purpose of the said resolution; the same to be apportioned, as far as practicable, among the several States and Territories and the District of Columbia, according to population, and to serve two years, unless sooner discharged. The details for this object will be im- mediately communicated to the proper authorities through the War Department.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
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Done at the city of Washington this twenty-third day of April, A. D. 1898, and of the independence of the United States the one hundred and twenty-second.
WILLIAM MCKINLEY.
By the President :
JOHN SHERMAN, Secretary of State.
These troops were immediately recruited from the ranks of the Na- tional Guard organizations of the various States of the Union. New York's quota was about 12,000 men. The Twenty-second Separate company, New York National Guard, otherwise known as the Saratoga Citizens Corps, was assigned as one of the twelve companies which formed the Second Provisional New York Regiment. In the organiza- tion of this regiment James W. Lester, captain of the Twenty-second Separate company, was promoted to the office of major of the Third Battalion of the regiment. Amos W. Rich, first lieutenant of the com- pany, was subsequently elected to the captaincy.
Monday, May 2, 1898, the company left the armory soon after 6 A. M., headed by Major Lester and Captain Rich, and marched to the depot under the escort of the veterans of Post Wheeler, G. A. R., other vet- erans and citizens, village officials, the staff of the Citizens Corps, the veterans of the Citizens Corps and the Jeffersonian club, headed by the Seventy-seventh Regiment band. The departure of the company was described in these words by the Saratogian of that date:
While the spectators thronged the line of march and inspected the marching bodies with curiosity and the veterans with the admiration that was due their past, still the thoughts of all were on the citizen soldiers in the rear, who were voluntarily answering their country's call and going to the front.
Never before probably was there such a jam of people at the Delaware and Hud- son depot. Every inch of platform surface had a covering of jostling, pushing, struggling humanity. The Corps reached the depot just previous to the arrival of the train that was to take them on the way southward. The thought that the im- mediate destination of the troops was only Hempstead, Long Island, did not allay the fears of the multitude and the good-byes were just as fervent and demonstrative as if the boys were going directly to Cuba. The crowd was so dense that the sol- diers had to cut their way through the depot platform to reach the cars. The train from the north with the Whitehall and Glens Falls companies had to plow its way through the crowd that blocked both sides of the track. Groups of young men gath- ered on the tops of the cars and looked down on the sea of faces, the scene Leing illuminated by flags and bunting galore.
The Seventy-seventh Regiment band played patriotic airs as the parade ap- proached the station, but the din at the depot drowned out many of the notes of the musicians. "Union Forever" and " Way Down in Dixie " were readily recognized during the intervals when the atmosphere was not surcharged with explosions of fire-
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works and artillery. High above the cheers and the clamor and the powder crackers was heard the detonating and reverberating discharges of the artillery. The armory cannon had been transferred to Franklin Square, and in charge of Clarence Fish, who had also fired the reveille, did thundering work. The concussion of the cannon shattered probably fifteen large windows in the United States hotel. The cost and trouble of replacing these will be a substantial contribution to patriotism.
Eyes which on these gala occasions have gleamed with joy were dimmed with tears. There were cheers and noise, it is true, but there was also an undercurrent of regret, for in a town of this size, eighty-four men of the kind to volunteer their services must be missed.
The stay at the depot seemed all too short. At seventeen minutes of seven o'clock the Saratoga cars were switched across Washington street and joined to the cars from the north, and the gaily decorated locomotive was soon disappearing in the dis- tance, while the band struck up the historic but always appropriate refrain of " The Girl I Left Behind Me." The girl tearfully wended her way homeward and commit- ted her love to the mercies of the God of battles. A firing squad of twelve sturdy veter- ans under command of R. S. Remington fired three salutes at the speeding train. The cannon roared a good-bye. Nine locomotives at the round house emitted a valedictory, as their whistles blew until a pressure of from 80 to 120 pounds of steam was exhausted. Railroad torpedoes punctured the engines' blasts, and the train was lost in a cloud of steam and smoke as the reverberating echoes of a glorious good-bye lingered in the ears of Saratoga's volunteers.
The company, with the Ninth of Whitehall and the Eighteenth of Glens Falls, proceeded to Troy, where they were joined by the other companies comprising the regiment, and all proceeded to Camp Black, at Hempstead Plains, Long Island. The Twenty-second Separate company, when it left Saratoga Springs, was constituted as follows:
Captain-Amos C. Rich.
First Lieutenant-John A. Schwarte.
Second Lieutenant-Obed M. Coleman.
Quartermaster-Sergeant-Charles M. Dobbin.
Corporals-John K. Walbridge, Fred E, Calkins, Lynn R. Rich, Jesse S. Morris, Fred L. Pennoyer, Frank G. Ritchie.
Musicians-Robbin Mingay, Louis J. Follett. **
Privates -John X. A'Hearn, Edwin M. Arnold," Frank A. Burd, George P. Ban - nister, jr., Joseph P. Brennan, Charles A. Baker, John Burt, Joseph H. Blichfeldt, Fred A. Brazee,* Bert A. Burrows," Stanley J. Bush,* Foster K. Carpenter,* Frank J. Clements, George I. Clements, Thomas C. Coleman, Townsend, J. Durkee, Elmer E. Durkee, Raymon E. Dennin,* George H. Dowd, J. Rem- sen Ditmars," Fred W. Dunson,* Walter J. Flynn,* George E. Foster, Winsor P. French, Benedict D. Gerberg, Charles W. Gibbs,* Albert M. Greenough," Edwin P. Hays, Fred P. Heminway, Arthur E. Hope, Rockwell P. Holden, ** George W. Heaslip,* George W. Ingalls, William P. Kinns, * Charles T. Lockhart, William H. Lee," Joseph Monahan," Edward A. Mabie," James H. McGhan," Harry J. Morris, James F. Miner," Harry J. Olmsted, Samuel Ostrander,* Fred C. Paul, ** Ernest L,
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SARATOGA IN THE SPANISH WAR.
Potter,* Robertson Parker, Fred Reagan, George Ramsey, Fred A. Russell, ** Wil- son A. Sawyer," George P. Smith, William J. Searing, George Schmidt, Henry E. Starks, Alfred G. Schwarte, John H. Squires, James F. Swartwout, jr.," Harry E. Simpson, " Edgar H. Spaulding," Earl St. John,* James J. Sweeney," William F. Town, Hiram C. Todd, Harry F. Thomas, Henry Wildy," George M. Welsh," Will- iam H. Waterbury, Benjamin K. Walbridge, James W. Whitney, Fred W. Wells, William F. Winchester,* Orville E. Wells .*
* Recruits, 30.
Ex-members, 4.
Soon after reaching Camp Black the company with the balance of the Second Regiment, was mustered into the service of the United States for the term of two years, unless sooner discharged. The Twenty-second Separate Company was designated as Company L. May 16 the Third Battalion, composed of men from the Forty-sixth, Thirty- first, Thirtieth and Thirty-seventh, designated respectively as Com- panies H, G, E and F, were mustered in, and Maj. Austin A Yates of Schenectady was mustered in and placed in command of them; after which the companies composed of men from the Eighteenth, Thirty- second, Twenty-second and Ninth, designated respectively as Compan- ies K, M, L and I, were mustered in, and Maj. James W. Lester of Saratoga Springs was mustered in and placed in command. Part of the other battalion being absent on provost guard duty, only two com- panies from it were mustered in, viz., the Seventh and Twenty-first, designated respectively as Companies B and D. Lieut-Col. James H. Lloyd of Troy was mustered in and placed in command of the ten com- panies. May 17 the companies composed of men from the Twelfth and Sixth, designated Companies C and A, were mustered in, after which the regiment was formed in line of masses and the oath was administered to Col. E. E. Hardin, who was placed in command.
No change was made in the officers of the regiment as they came from their home stations except in the following cases: Lieut. B. L. Aldrich of Company K was not mustered in, owing to his physical con- dition; Lieut. Michael Sullivan of Company D was mustered in in place of Lieut. Sylvester W. Wright; Quartermaster-Sergeant Chester D. Wager of the Twenty-first Separate Company was not mustered in; First Lieutenant John S. Wilson, who was appointed assistant surgeon of the regiment, resigned to accept the position of surgeon of the Twenty- second Regiment, New York Volunteers.
The officers of the regiment and the companies constituting it at this time were as follows:
Colonel, Edward E. Hardin, Seventh U. S. Infantry; lieutenant-colonel, James H.
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Lloyd (Troy), Thirteenth Battalion, N.G.N. Y .; major, James W. Lester (Saratoga Springs), Fourteenth Battalion, N.G.N.Y .; major, Austin A. Yates (Schenectady), Fifteenth Battalion, N.G.N.Y .; surgeon, Lewis Balch (Albany), major and acting assistant surgeon general; chaplain, Hector Hall, D.D. (Troy); adjutant, James J. Phelan (Troy), adjutant Thirteenth Battalion, N.G. N. Y. ; quartermaster, George M. Alden (Troy), qurtermaster Thirteenth Battalion, N.G.N.Y .; sergeant-major, W. Swift Martin (Troy), Sixth Separate Company, N.G.N. Y.
Thirteenth Battalion .- Company B (Seventh Separate Company, Cohoes): Cap- tain, T. Campbell Collin; first lieutenant, John J. McGaffin ; second lieutenant, Ed- ward J. White. Company C (Twelfth Separate Company, Troy): Captain, John P. Treanor ; first lieutenant, Rufus M. Townsend; second lieutenant, William Baker. Company D (Twenty-first Separate Company, Troy): Captain, Merrill M. Duns- paugh; first lieutenant, William J. Gilbraith; second lieutenant, Michael Sullivan. Company A (Sixth Separate Company, Troy): Captain, E. Courtland Gale; first lieu- tenant, Henry P. Sherman ; second lieutenant, Carroll L. Maxcy.
Fourteenth Battalion, Major James W. Lester commanding .- Company K (Eighteenth Separate Company, Glens Falls): Captain, Loyal L. Davis; first lieu- tenant, Seldon W. Mott. Company I (Ninth Separate Company, Whitehall): Cap- tain, Ernest A. Grenough; first lieutenant, Emmet J. Gray; second lieutenant, Alanson D. Bartholomew. Company M (Thirty-second Separate Company, Hoosick Falls): Captain, Frank L. Stevens; first lieutenant, Walter A. Wood, jr .; second lieutenant, Louis E. Potter. Company L (Twenty-second Separate Company, Sara . toga Springs): Captain, Amos C. Rich; first lieutenant, John A. Schwarte; second lieutenant, Obed M. Coleman.
Fifteenth Battalion, Major Austin A. Yates commanding .- Company H (Forty- sixth Separate Company, Amsterdam): Captain, Darwin E. Vunk; first lieutenant, George Hughes; second lieutenant, Daniel Masten. Company F (Thirty-seventh Separate Company, Schenectady): Captain, Frank Bauder ; first lieutenant, George M. Crippen; second lieutenant, Albert Wells. Company G (Thirty-first Separate Company, Mohawk): Captain, Horatio P. Witherstine; first lieutenant, Delos M. Dodge; second lieutenant, Wilbur Eddy. Company E (Thirty-sixth Separate Com- pany, Schenectady): Captain, J. M. Andrews, jr .; first lieutenant, George De B. Greene; second lieutenant, Donald Hutton.
A number of the volunteers of the regiment failed to meet the re- quirements of the severe examinations of the surgeons at Camp Black, and were sent home on account of disability. Those from the Saratoga company who failed to pass this severe physical test were Privates Sawyer, Welsh, Clements, Blichfeldt, Wells, Heaslip, Durkee, Reagan and Hope. Subsequently the ranks of the company were filled by the following recruits.
Howard C. Jamieson, Fredrick P. McNair, William H. Wells, Arthur J. Case, Don Agard Epler, James H. Gillis, Walter H. McNaughton, Charles G. Fryer, Thomas R. Pierce, Oscar Welch and George Ross.
Subsequently the following members of the new One Hundred and
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SARATOGA IN THE SPANISH WAR.
Twenty-second Separate Company were sent to the front to help com- plete the regiment :
Philip Reilly, William J. Fortin, jr., J. Maxwell Browne, Harry S. Fosmire, Erwin M. Rouse, Frank J. Eighmey, Willard H. Myers, F. F. Legnard, J. O. Holmquist, C. Brayman, James H. Holden, Charles A. Ostrander, James H. Teeling, Frederick H. West, Tracy E. West, Frederick W. Harper, Charles H. Hawkins, George W. Ainsworth, W. T. Porter, Elmer J. Jordan, Charles Reed, Thomas W. McNamara, James E. McGarr, William Neef, Archibald Kaulfuss, James Turner, Frederick King and D. Hill.
May 18 the Second Provisional Regiment left Camp Black for Chick- amauga Park, near Chattanooga, Tenn. Every man was perfectly uniformed and equipped. Not a single piece was missing from any man's equipment. Colonel Hardin being a "regular army " officer, and a perfect disciplinarian, the men showed the result of the terrific drilling they had been subjected to during their stay in their first camp. The New York Herald, in describing the departure, said :
In excellent trim, with equipments complete and all details of its transportation promptly executed, the Second Provisional Regiment, formed of crack separate companies from Troy and other up-state towns. left for Chickamauga yesterday under the command of Colonel E. E. Hardin, formerly of the Seventh United States in- fantry. The Second contains a small percentage of raw recruits as compared with other regiments. A committee of the Society of the Sons of the Revolution presented a flag to the regiment before its departure. Members of the Second left Camp Black yesterday morning on two special trains, which arrived at Long Island City shortly after 11 o'clock. "Here they come!" was the cry that came from the crowd gath- ered three blocks above the station when the soldiers made their appearance. A great cheer went up. Less than two score relatives and friends of the up-state sol- diers accompanied them from camp. Wives and sweethearts, mothers and fathers marched by the side of their heroes as the troops passed down Borden avenue to the river front. Men and officers, 1,017 strong, went aboard the ferryboat Central, which descended the river, followed by floats carrying the freight cars. In the fac- tories on the New York and Long Island shores, the noon whistles had just sounded. Workmen, busy with their lunches, no sooner beheld the big transport heading down the river than they cheered with might and main, From windows and roofs caps were waved. Hoarse whistles sounded from tugboats, and from crowded piers on either shore came a medley of cries.
Into her slip, at Communipaw, ran the Central at 20 minutes to 1 o'clock. The troops marched into the passenger yard, where there were waiting three special trains of 14 cars each, of which 11 were passenger and one Pullman. There had ar- rived also the members of the committee of the Sons of the Revolution, consisting of Charles Woodruff, one of the vice-presidents of the society ; Captain J. M. Andrews, Melville Hatch and Messrs. Olyphant and Montgomery. When the committee pre- sented the national colors to Colonel Hardin, Mr. Woodruff expressed his regret that the state colors to be bestowed upon the regiment had not yet been completed. The
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state arms are being embroidered upon a yellow field and will be sent to the regi- ment within 30 days. The disappointment was caused by the hurried orders re- ceived by the Second. The flag presented had been finished only a few hours before. Being a provisional regiment, the Second possessed no regimental colors, each com- pany having colors of its own. Colonel Hardin thanked the members of the committee and the soldiers gave voice to a great cheer, as their flag was carried by its bearer to the colonel's car.
The regiment arrived at Chattanooga on the night of May 20, and early next morning proceeded to the site for its new camp on the great Chickamauga battle ground of the Rebellion. They were tired and begrimed, but the march was made in good order. The regiment went into camp Saturday, May 21, in the southeastern part of the Na- tional Military Park just north of the intersection of the Thedford Ford road with the Dalton Ford road. At first the command suffered from a lack of good water, but after three or four days a pipe line was laid in the rear of the camp and good water for bathing and culinary pur- poses was at hand. The first few days there was a number of cases of sickness, due to the change in drinking water and the advent into a warmer climate.
Here the regiment was brigaded with the Fifth Maryland and the Second Nebraska, under command of Colonel Hardin, as the Second Brigade, and attached to the First Division, commanded by Colonel Frederick D. Grant of the Fourteenth New York Volunteer Infantry, and the First Army Corps under Major-General Wade. Colonel Har- din subsequently was succeeded by Colonel Bills of the Second Ne- braska Volunteer Infantry, and Colonel Grant by Brigadier-General L. H. Carpenter. Major Lewis Balch was detached and assigned to duty as acting chief surgeon of the First Division. He organized a divis- ion hospital and ambulance company. Lieutenant George De B. Greene of Company E was appointed acting assistant adjutant-general of the brigade under Colonel Hardin, and Lieutenant Walter A. Wood, jr., was appointed brigade commissary. Lieutenant-Colonel Lloyd was advanced to the command of the Second Regiment; Lieutenant John A. Schwarte was made quartermaster of the division hospital; Dr. H. C. Baum was appointed regimental surgeon; Captain Andrew assistant adjutant-general of the division, and Surgeon A. Burgman assistant surgeon of the Second Brigade.
On June 1 four regiments left Chickamauga for Tampa, Fla., where the main body of the army was to encamp preparatory to the invasion of Cuba. The first regiment to leave was the Second New York.
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After a hurried breakfast, eaten in the gray dawn of the summer morn- ing, the order was given to fall in. The members of the two regiments with which the Second New York was brigaded were on the alert, and as the New York boys wheeled into line they gave them a rousing cheer. The bands struck up a lively march, and, with Colonel Hardin in command, the boys started on the march along the dusty road to- ward Rossville, five or six miles away. It was a most inspiring scene. The innumerable hucksters, wagons and other vehicles on their way to the camp turned aside for the soldiers to pass, and many of the long- haired mountaineers gazed in wonder on the unexpected scene of a marching regiment on the Rossville road, along which Forrest's cavalry thundered on the day after the great fight at Chickamauga, in Septem- ber, 1864. To the Second New York was given the honor of being the first regiment to lead the way to Tampa. At Rossville the entire command embarked on the cars of the Southern railroad, and in a re- markably short time section after section rolled away, bearing the regi- ment on the journey southward. Tampa was reached after some de- lays, June 3, when the regiment encamped and awaited orders to board transports to carry them either to Santiago de Cuba, where Commodore Schley had the Spanish squadron under Admiral Cervera's command effectually " bottled up" in the harbor, or to San Juan, the capital of Porto Rico, where, it was then generally believed, the administration intended to land troops for the capture and occupation of this Spanish possession.
June 6 the resignation of Lieutenant Carroll L. Maxcy of Company A was accepted and he was honorably discharged. Private John Flynn, jr., of Company A was also discharged to accept a position as lieuten- ant in the Engineer corps. June 8 Private Michael F. Sheary of Com- pany A was directed to be discharged to accept a commission as pay- master, with the rank of major, in the U. S. Volunteers, and on the same day Private Sanford L. Cluett was transferred to the First Reg. iment U. S. Volunteer Engineers. June 14 Private Eugene Warren of Company A was discharged to accept a clerkship under Major Sheary. June 15 the resignation of Rev. Hector Hall as chaplain was accepted and he was honorably discharged. June 21 Private George W. Kinne of Company D was transferred to the First Regiment U. S. Volunteer Engineers. June 10 Major Lewis Balch, surgeon of the regiment, was appointed chief surgeon of the division, and First Lieutenant Rufus M. Townsend of Company C was appointed chief commissary of subsist-
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