USA > New York > Dutchess County > The history of Dutchess County, New York > Part 39
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CHRIST CHURCH. The edifice of the Episcopal society was erected in 1854 during the rectorship of the Rev. Henry de Koven, who was in charge of St. Paul's Church at Tivoli. The building was conse-
f.W. Chiffer
S .A. Matthieu, Publisher
435
TOWN OF RED HOOK.
crated July 21, 1855, under the name of Christ Church, Lower Red Hook, by Bishop Potter. The Rev. Frederick Sill was appointed Dr. de Koven's assistant, and was succeeded in 1861 by the Rev. John W. Moore. In 1867 Dr. de Koven, who was sole trustee of the church property, resigned his trust and deeded the same to the following trustees : Rev. John W. Moore, Hon. John W. Chanler, William Chamberlain, Henry Astor, Andrew Crane, John H. Lord, and Dr. John Bates. Rev. R. V. K. Harris is the present rector.
ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, Tivoli. This church was admitted into the Union of the Protestant Episcopal Church, October 21, 1817. It was until 1820 under the charge of Rev. Henry Anthon, afterwards rector of St. Mark's, New York City. On the 27th of May, 1819, St. Paul's was consecrated by Bishop Hobart, and was the second Episcopal congregation organized in Dutchess County; that of St. James of Hyde Park, being the first.
The first church building was an unpretending structure of wood, and was replaced in 1868 by the present substantial stone edifice.
Rev. Richard D. Pope, who was appointed rector of St. Paul's in 1903, also has charge of Trinity parish at Madalin.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, Tivoli. The earliest members of this society, which was organized in 1842, were George Gleason, Jacob Van Steenburgh and wife, James Kent and wife, and R. Gleason. The society belonged to the Lower Red Hook charge. A meeting house was built in 1843, on land given by Eugene Livingston. This in time became too small, and in 1860 the present edifice was erected. The society is in a flourishing condition to-day.
A sketch of the Roman Catholic Church at Barrytown will be found in another chapter.
The records of the town have been carefully preserved and are in possession of the present town clerk, Mr. John Troy. The first an- nual town meeting was held at the house of Henry Watter, the first Tuesday in April, 1813, when the following persons were duly elected town officers for the ensuing year: David Van Ness, Supervisor; Matthias Row, Town Clerk; Peter Contine, Nicholas Allendorpt, George Shook, Henry Cooper, Jacob C. Miller, Assessors ; Philip N. Bonisteel, Jacob Stall, Overseers of the Poor; Simon Hermanse, Col- lector.
The succession of Supervisors from 1814 is as follows :
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THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
1814-'15
Peter T. B. Myer
1858-759
Uriah Fuller
1816 Philip N. Bonisteel
1860-'61 Peter H. Fraleigh
1817 Peter T. B. Myer
1862-'63 George Shoemaker
1818 Cornelius J. Elmondorph
1864 Thomas Elmendorf
1819-'20 Peter Van Allen
1865-'68
Edward Salpaugh
1821-'25 Nathan Beckwith
1869-'70
Lewis Salpaugh
1826-'28 George Shook
1871 James A. Stoutenburgh
1829-'30
Henry Staats
1872 Peter G. Fraleigh
1831-'34 Jacob Benner
1873
James A. Stoutenburgh
1835-'36 Henry Staats
1874-'76
Edward Feller
1837-'88 Philip H. Knickerbacker
1877
Edgar L. Traver
1839-'40
Henry Lambert
1878
Charles E. Sands
1841
John V. A. Lyle
1879
Philip H. Stickle
1842
Philip H. Lasher
1880
Thomas J. Barton
1843-'44
John V. A. Lyle
1881-'82 Frank S. Ormsbee
1845-'46
James Outwater
1883 Fred E. Ackerman 1884 W. S. Beckwith
1848-'49 Augustin Martin
1885-'87
Henry E. Miller
1850-'51
Jeremiah Hendricks
1888-'89
Clinton J. Rockfeller
1852-'53 Cornelius E. Elmondorf
1890-'91 Edward Sturgess
1854 Henry Staats
1892-'01 Clinton J. Rockfeller
1855
Egbert Staats
1902-'03
Daniel Van de Bogart
1856 Edmund Green
1857
Egbert Staats
1904-'09
Lewis S. Chanler
1847
John Bates
EGBERT BENSON. JACOB RADCLIFFE. LEVI P. MORTON.
COL. P. J. SCHUYLER. ROBERT SCHELL. COL. JOHN JACOB ASTOR.
437
TOWN OF RHINEBECK.
CHAPTER XXX.
THE TOWN OF RHINEBECK.1
T HE territorial limits of the present town of Rhinebeck embrace 18,945 acres in the northwestern part of the county border- ing the Hudson River. The town is bounded on the north by Red Hook; on the east by Milan and Clinton; and on the south by Hyde Park.
Landsman Kill, the principal stream, was so named by Casper Landsman, who explored its course in search of mill sites. It flows in a southwesterly direction to the Hudson, and receives several smaller streams, notably Kipskill, or Rhinebeck creek. At Buttermilk Falls these waters pour over a precipice some sixty feet in height.
Rhinebeck was formed as a town, March 17, 1788. Red Hook was taken off and formed into a separate township in 1812. These two towns comprised the greater part of Rynbeck precinct, organized De- cember 16, 1737, which contained
"all the lands purchased of the Widow Pawling and her children, by Dr. Samuel Staats, deceased; all the land granted to Adria Roosa and company. That land patented to Col. Henry Beekman, deceased, and the lands granted by patent to Col. Peter Schuyler, commonly called Magdalen's Island purchase."
The first deed for lands described in Rynbeck precinct bears date of June 8, 1686, and is recorded in Book AA, Ulster County Clerk's office, in Kingston, N. Y. It is a transfer on the part of Aran Kee, Kreme Much, and Korra Kee, young Indians, to Gerritt Artsen, Arie Rosa and Jan Elton, of
"a certain parcell of land, lying upon the east shore, right over against the mouth of Redout Creek, bounded between a small creek and the river, the which said creek is sold to the purchasers."
The considerations of this purchase were a variety of articles useful to the Indians, and included blankets, kettles, guns, powder, axes and knives.
1. The materials for this chapter are drawn malniy from Historic Old Rhinebeck, by Howard H. Morse, 1908. We are also indebted to Mr. Morse for the use of several copy- righted illustrations.
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THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
Another Indian deed for land in this vicinity, conveys to Hendrick Kip, of Kingston,
"a parcel of land lying over against the Redout Kill, on the north side of Arie Rosa, on the river."
It bears the marks of the owners, Ankony, Anamaton and Calycoon, Esopus Indians. This deed, not of record, is dated July 28, 1686. It is written in English, and is in the possession of Henry Spies Kip. It states no consideration or boundaries.
Confirming these sales a patent was issued by King James II on the 2d day of June, 1688. The patentees, Gerritt Artsen, Arie Roosa, Jan Elton, Hendrick Kip and Jacob Kip, divided the lands into five equal portions, made up of eight separate parcels to cover their individual shares, and deeds thereto were recorded in Ulster County, May 26, 1702. The whole tract containing about 2,200 acres, received the name of "Kipsbergen," which it retained until the organization of Rynbeck Precinct in 1737.
The lands thus patented lie between Landsman and Rhinbeck creeks and the river, and extend from Vanderburgh's Cove north to a line drawn directly west from the Hog Bridge to the Hudson. The patent, which is of parchment, has been carefully preserved and is now in the possession of Hon. Levi P. Morton. It was originally in the hands of the Roosa family, and was subsequently owned by Hon. John N. Cramer, a descendant, and later by the Hon. William Kelly.
The Beekman patent, granted to Henry Beekman, April 22, 1697, covered only a small frontage on the river between the Kip and Schuyler lands. Beekman was not satisfied with his grant and ob- tained another patent in 1703, which covered all of Kipsbergen and part of the Schuyler tract, the boundaries of which are described in Chapter IV. Schuyler crowded Beekman down from the Sawkill to "Steen Valetje," the small brook which divides the present towns of Rhinebeck and Red Hook. August 9, 1715, Beekman's son, Col. Henry, bought of Peek De Witt and Maritje, his wife, then owners, 5,541 acres of the Col. Schuyler land to the north of the Beekman patent. This gave the Beekmans title to all the land in the present town of Rhinebeck, except the 2,200 acres patented to Artsen, Roosa, Elton and Kip, and it is not known whether Beekman, senior, ever asserted any claim to this tract; but on March 9, 1726, Col. Henry
439
TOWN OF RHINEBECK.
executed a formal release and quit claim of his paper title to Kips- bergen.
Following the grant of the patent covering Kipsbergen, the paten- tees engaged in clearing their lands and preparing it for occupancy, but we have no evidence of a settlement in the town previous to the year 1700, when Hendrick Kip built a small stone house on his south lot. It is still standing, and is now known as the "Heermance House." On the east side is a stone lintel with this inscription distinctly cut: "Ao 1700 H K A K," evidently the initials of the owner and his wife. In 1728 this house was the residence of Col. Henry Beekman, who enlarged, improved and occupied it until his death in 1776.
Jacob Kip, the other patentee, built in 1708, on the west side of his lot, a stone house which is also standing.
Gerrit Artsen, with a family of ten children, came to live upon and cultivate his land in 1702. One of Artsen's daughters married Hen- drickus Heermance, and another Jacob Vradenburgh. Both sons-in- law located on the Artsen land.
The Roosa tracts were occupied by Laurens Osterhout, a son-in-law of Captain Roosa; and also by a Van Etten and an Ostrander, each related to the Captain by the marriage of sons.
Jan Elton had four sons-in-law, Newkirk, Wynkoop, Paulding and DuBois, among whom the Elton portion of the patent was partitioned.
The elder Beekman early sought settlers for his lands. He foresaw the necessity and advantage of a grist and saw mill near the river, accessible from the settlements on the Artsen, Roosa, Elton and Kip's lands, and below. A mill site convenient to the settlers was very im- portant; these numbered in 1709 about thirty families. Beekman bought land of Captain Roosa in 1710, built a dam on his land adjoin- ing, and a saw and grist mill on the Roosa land, utilizing the water of Landsman creek to turn the wheels. These mills were among the earliest in Dutchess County.
In 1715 Beekman induced many Palatine families, then living at East Camp on Livingston Manor, to locate on his lands, which he had laid out for these "High Dutchers," principally in the vicinity of the old German Church. Along the King's highway north and south of the church, the Neher, Bearinger, Teder, Polver, Drum, Zipperley, Hainor, Stickell, Shever and other families took up land under life leases, re- quiring them to make all improvements and to "pay an annual rent of
440
THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
a schepel of wheat to the acre," and to lose the fruit of their toil at the expiration of their leases. Others who entered upon land in the south end of the patent, under the same conditions, were the families of Froelick (Fraleigh), Hegeman, Schryver, Ostrom, Ackert, Bergh, Schultz and Uhl. To the east, skirting and on the Wurtemburgh hills, early leases were held on farms by Cookingham, Eighmie, Lown, Mar- kel, Moore, Marquart, Progue, Pier, Teal, Westfall and others.
Judge Henry Beekman succeeded in scattering these settlers well over his land. In the erection of mills and the development of his property, he had brought to his aid two sturdy, capable men, who proved valuable acquisitions to the neighborhood. One was William Traphagen, who planned and built the mills; the other was Casper Landsman, soon installed as the miller.
Traphagen purchased of Beekman, in 1711, a large tract described in the deed as "plain." It was about a mile in length, extending northward from the junction of Landsman and Rhinebeck creeks; the easterly boundary was along the post road. Traphagen called his purchase "the flatts," by which name it has been known for more than a century. He settled upon it four or five years before he got his deed, and built in 1709 a stone house on the north side of the Sepasco trail or path, now West Market street, and between Garden and Oak streets, in the village. This house, which served many years as a tavern, was torn down in 1882.
Judge Beekman applied the name Ryn Beck to his patent as early as 1713, and in a deed dated November 29, 1714, conveying 124 acres of his land to Peter and William Ostrander, of Esopus, he says that the land is in "Ryn Beck." John Beatty, a surveyor, on a map which he made of these lands in 1714, spelled it "Rieneback." It has been generally supposed that the origin of the name Rhinebeck was a combination of "Rhine" in honor of the river of that name, and "Beek," for the owner of the land. The Palatines are reputed spon- sors for this derivation. Mr. H. H. Morse, author of Historic Old Rhinebeck, declares the name can be traced to a more certain source. He says :
"The name most likely intended, and, in fact, given the locality, is 'Rheinbach.' This is the name of a small village in Rhenish-Prussia, about fifty miles south of the noted city of Cologne, and some eight miles back of the river Rhine. It is in the Palatinate. Several of the early settlers came from this locality. Karl Neher,
Thomas Red
441
TOWN OF RHINEBECK.
a list master, was one of them. He was a leader and had considerable following." "Judge Beekman may have had this in mind in laying out the land for the "high Dutchers.' Spelling it Ryn Beck did not change the actual name."
The county was divided into three wards in 1714, and the territory between Crom Elbow creek and Roelaff Jansen's Kill comprised the North ward. The list of taxpayers in this ward, in 1718, numbered sixty-four persons, with the total assessed valuation of property placed at £426. Their names and the amount of individual assessment will be found in Chapter V.
William Traphagen (Wellem Trophage) was one of the largest taxpayers. He opened a blacksmith shop adjacent to his tavern, and early craftsmen found the locality convenient for their trades. This formed the nucleus of the present village of Rhinebeck. Nearby was a grist mill, operated by Schut. By 1722 the neighborhood had de- veloped in a marked degree. The assessor's list of that year numer- ates ninety-six taxpayers, most of whom lived within the present town limits. In 1730 it was decided to have a church in the immediate vicinity, which was erected on the site of the present "Old Dutch Church." Simon Cole (Kool), son of Isaac and Geesje (Tropage) Kool, was the first merchant in the town. He was a grandson of William Traphagen. John Kip was a carpenter; Ananias Teel, a wheelwright ; Laurence Teder, a mason; Henry Shop, a harnessmaker; Jacob Van Ostrander, a linen weaver.
The erection of several grist, saw and woolen mills on the Lands- man Kill, were potent factors in the early development of Rhinebeck. The Beekman mill, built in 1710, near the river, was followed in 1715 by the Beekman-Livingston mills, below "the flatts." The Rutsen mills, on the turnpike east of "the flatts," were built in 1742, and the Traphagen mill in 1750. The General Montgomery and the Gov- ernor Lewis mills were built in 1774 and 1800, respectively.
The establishment of ferry service at Rhinebeck in 1752, brought the inhabitants in closer connection with Rondout. The charter was granted to Abraham Kip on the east side of the river, and to Moses Contine on the west side
"to run a ferry across the Hudson between the landing place of said Kip on the east shore of said river, and the landing place of said Contine on the west shore of said river, exclusive of all others within the space of two miles below the said landings, and to take tolls."
442
THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
The grant was perpetual on condition that two sufficient ferry boats were to be kept, one on each side of the river. The Kips owned it until 1790, when it passed into the hands of the Elmendorfs, who sold it in 1851 to the present company. The earlier ferry boats were operated with oars and sails. Captain Elmendorf introduced first the open horse boat, and later the steam ferry boat.
Before the close of the eighteenth century the little village at the intersection of the King's highway with the Sepasco road to the river, was fast becoming a business center. Evardus Bogardus had suc- ceeded the Traphagens, father and son, in the ownership of the tavern. Koert and Henry Du Bois were merchants. Asa Potter was post- master, and occupied the "red store on the corner," the property of John T. Schryver and Tunis Conklin. Dr. Ananias Cooper and Dr. Hans Kiersted administered to the sick of the town. Henry B. Liv- ingston and William A. Duer were early legal practitioners.
The village of Rhinebeck was incorporated April 23, 1834, and a month later the following officers were elected: Trustees, Eliphalet Platt, Peter Pultz, John Drury, John I. Smith, John T. Schryver, Jacob Heermance, John Jennings ; Assessors, John A. Drum, Theophi- lus Nelson, Stephen McCarty; Treasurer, Nicholas Drury. John T. Schryver was chosen president of the Board of Trustees. The act of incorporation was amended in 1867, and the village limits extended.
One half of the business section of the village was destroyed by fire May 8, 1864. It was soon rebuilt with substantial brick structures.
The Bank of Rhinebeck was organized in 1853, with a capital of $125,000. Henry De Lamater was elected president; William B. Platt, vice-president ; DeWitt C. Marshall, cashier. This institution was one of two banks in the State of New York that did not suspend specie payment during the great panic of 1857. It became a national bank in 1865, following the enactment of that banking law. The list of presidents from its organization to the present time have been as as follows: Henry De Lamater, 1853 to 1868; William B. Platt, 1868 to 1880; Edwin Hill, 1880 to 1895; John D. Judson, 1895.
The Rhinebeck Savings Bank was organized in 1862. Joshua C. Bowne was its first president, and Simon Welch its treasurer. These offices are now filled respectively by Augustus M. and Thaddeus A. Traver. July 1, 1908, its resources were $826,913.42. Its surplus $39,430.73. It had on deposit $774,117.62.
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THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
The Starr Institute is a gift to the people from Mrs. Mary R. Miller, as a memorial to her husband, the Hon. William Starr Miller, a prominent citizen of New York, who died in 1854. The building was erected and furnished in 1862, at a cost of $15,000. It contains a reference and circulating library, and a large hall for public pur- poses. The building was enlarged in 1907, to meet the requirements of a branch of the Young Men's Christian Association, then organized.
In 1805, the district school system was introduced, and one district followed another to meet the demand of population. There are now twelve school districts in the town. In 1869, after much controversy, a Union Free School was erected, now the Rhinebeck High School. It was enlarged in 1901. The Rhinecliff school is the second largest in the town.
The Rhinebeck Academy, incorporated in 1840, was the successor of Rev. Samuel Bell's Classical School, which had existed for several years. The property was purchased in 1860, by James E. De Garmo, who continued the educational institution until 1890, when he removed to Fishkill-on-Hudson.
The Memorial Building at Rhinecliff contains a library, a reading room, and an auditorium. It is a spacious structure, and was erected in 1907 by Hon. Levi P. Morton, as a memorial to his deceased daugh- ter. It is the only public building in Rhinecliff.
CHURCHES.
The first church in Rhinebeck, and one of the earliest in the county, was the Old German Church, which stood until the year 1800, on the post road, three miles north of the present village of Rhinebeck. It was erected by the Palatines in 1716, on the land of Judge Beekman. It was a union church, because these settlers were both Lutherans and Calvinists. December 10, 1729, the Lutheran people sold out to the Reformers, receiving for their interest in the church and four acres of ground, "twenty-five pounds current money of New York."
During the period it was a union church, Rev. John Frederick Hager, a Calvinist, and Rev. Johannes Spaller, a Lutheran, ministered there. The Calvinists then secured the services of the Rev. George Michael Weiss. The records are in his handwriting from 1734 to 1746. He was followed by Rev. Casper L. Schnorr, who remained until 1755. Rev. Johan C. Rubel was the next pastor. During his pastorate of four years he baptized two hundred and twenty children,
445
TOWN OF RHINEBECK.
and added eighty members to the church. The next settled pastor was Rev. Gerhard Daniel Koock, who came to America in 1763, and at once took charge of this church. His pastorate here covered an unbroken period of twenty-eight years. He baptized one thousand eight hun- dred and nineteen children. Rev. Koock died in 1790, and is buried at Germantown, Columbia County, N. Y. He was succeeded by Rev. Johan Daniel Schefer. Prior to 1801 the German society built a new church in Red Hook village, and the "Old German Church" passed out of existence.
THE LUTHERAN (STONE) CHURCH. When the Lutherans disposed of their interest in the German church, they applied to Gilbert Liv- ingston for a lot for a church and cemetery near the German church. Mr. Livingston granted their request, and the edifice was built in 1730. In the cemetery is the gravestone of Carl Neher, which gives the date of his death as the 25th of January, 1733. The original building was replaced shortly before the Revolution by the present "Stone Church," which was remodelled and enlarged in 1824. The parsonage was built in 1798, and is well preserved. Among the pastors from 1730 to 1850 were Reverends Spaller, Hagadorn, Hart- wig, Berkemeyer, Reis, Pfeiffer, Quitman, Eyer, Goertner, and Schaef- fer. Subsequent pastors were William D. Strobel, F. M. Bird, G. W. Schumacker, Charles Koerner, S. G. Finkle, J. A. Earnest, Chester H. Traver, C. L. Barringer and D. W. Laurence.
THE REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH, on the "Flatts," had practically its origin in 1730, when Henry Beekman presented to Laurence Oster- hout, Jacob Kip and William Traphagen "and the rest of the inhabi- tants of the North Ward" a deed for two pieces of land, one contain- ing two acres, and the other forty-four acres, for church and burial purposes. With the exception of the Catholic church property on the corner of East Market and Mulberry streets, all of the village of Rhinebeck lying east of Mulberry street and south of Chestnut street, is built on the church land. The lots have all been sold under leases, subject to a yearly rent. There are over one hundred houses on this land, from which the church collects rent.
The church was built before 1733, as required by the terms of the deed. It was in charge of Rev. Petrus Vas, of Kingston, until 1742, when it found itself "in quality" to support a minister in connection with the German church, a few miles north.
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THE COUNTY OF DUTCHESS.
Rev. George Michael Weiss served it until 1746. From that year until 1750 there was no settled dominie. Then Eggo Toukens Van Hovenburg came into the pastorate and remained until 1763. Until 1769 the church was served at intervals by Dominie Koock of the German church. March 26, 1769, Rev. Warmaldus Kuypers came into the pastorate and remained until September, 1771. He added fifty members to the church. For nearly five years the church was again without a settled pastor. On the 2d of June, 1776, Rev. Stephen Van Vorhees, the first candidate licensed by the American Synod, was called. He remained until December, 1785. His records of the church are in the English language. Dominie Petrus De Witt was the next pastor. During his pastorate the church became a body corporate by an act of the State Legislature, passed March 7, 1788. It took the name of The Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Rhyn- beck Flats. John Broadhead Romeyn succeeded De Witt in 1799, and was followed in 1804 by Rev. Jacob Broadhead. During his min- istry the present church edifice was built in 1808. The largest sub- scriptions to the building fund came from the heirs of Col. Henry Beekman, the children of his only child and daughter Margaret.
Dominie Broadhead had William McMurry for his successor in 1812. Then came David Parker in 1820; then the eminent divine, George W. Bethune, in 1827. The present parsonage was built for Dr. Bethune. He laid out the grounds, planted the trees, and directed the interior arrangement of the house. He kept a span of good horses, and a colored groom to care for them. He took no one's dust when out driving. He was an eloquent preacher, and well liked by the people. After him Rev. James B. Hardenburgh served from 1830 to 1836. Then Dr. James Lillie from 1837 to 1841. He was a gradu- ate of Edinburgh University, a profound scholar, and a magnetic speaker. Subsequent pastors were Brogan Hoff, Peter Stryker, W. A. Miller, H. R. Timlow, Goyn Talmage, brother of the famous Brooklyn clergyman, Alonzo Peake, L. Walter Lott, J. Romeyn Berry, Dr. J. Howard Suydam, and the present incumbent, Charles G. Mallery, who is continuing the good work of his predecessors.
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