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Gc 977.1 C7270 1634272
M.
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
OC
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 02398 8311
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/details/ohiofuturegreats00coml_0
OHIO:
THE FUTURE GREAT STATE.
HER MANUFACTURERS
ANDA HISTORY OF HAR COMMERCIAL, CITIES.
CINCINNATI AND
CLEVELAND,
---- > WITH
PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF SOME OF THE OLD SETTLERS, AND MANY OF THE MOST PROMINENT BUSINESS MEN.
BY-
W. J. COMLEY AND W. D' EGGVILLE, M. D.
SPLENDIDLY
ILLUSTRATED.
-
FIAT
CINCINNATI AND CLEVELAND: COMT.EX BROTHERS MANUFACTURING AND PUBLISHING COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. 1875.
Sult w subscribers only by appointed and authorized aged's.
RICA FIVE DOLLARS.
For sale by leading bookan ters throughout the Cared S Aterand Canada.
1634272
TO THE INHABITANTS OF OHIO
This Book is Respectfully Dedicated BY THE AUTHORS.
Citigeng of Chia, Ofeceting :
IT is the custom of most nations to have a Patron Saint, for the purpose of protection and conciliation, and most books have some powerful Mæcenas to introduce them to the world under favorable auspices. To you we dedicate this book, and claim you as our patrons. It is you who have developed the resources, and built up the cities, of this Western State. It is you who have given it its wealth, its fame, and its business. You have given it reputation abroad and prosperity at home. You have made it also famous for its hospitality, and the pilgrim and the stranger feel conscious, when they enter the grand Buckeye State, that there are warm hearts and friendly hands to welcome thein. Ohio is still young, though in growth a Titan, and this . history shall record many of your names as being instrumental in carving out its progressive destiny. There is scarcely a family in it but, in turning over the pages of this book, will see the name of some friend or relative who have acted well their parts, and shall have honorable mention in this record. And since Ohio has become worthy of a history, through the enterprise of her citizens, it is good and proper that "Ohio and her Commercial Metropolis" be dedicated to the citizens located in her boundary.
27-28
15300
-
PREFACE.
IN laying before the public a new work, designed to present the growth and importance of the commerce and manufactures, and the developments of the agriculture and mineralogy of Ohio, it is not to be expected that a plan so entirely new, and so ambitious, should be executed with either the precision or the completeness that may be attained by those who travel in a beaten path.
That the task has been adequately performed, is an assertion which it is left for other and less deeply interested persons to make. Yet it is not our purpose to offer one word of apology for faulty arrangement, or for imperfections the causes of which are as patent as the blemishes themselves.
The history of trade, like the history of any other of the transactions in human affairs, can only be intelligently presented to the mass of readers by seizing upon such. facts as most fully illustrate its 'character, and holding up a series of pictures which constitute a congruous whole.
All candid minds must pronounce at once upon the impossibility of elaborating in every detail, in a single volume, the workings of the wonderful engine of trade which is operating continually in our midst. Such a result has not even been attempted, but in its place it has been sought to give a series of outlines, presenting the most prominent features of the relations of Ohio, with her tributary country, in such manner as to best convey an idea of the magnitude and direction of her commerce, and the requirements it lias to supply.
The biographical feature of the work is not new, since biography in some Orm Is inseparable from the relation of any human action; yet, in its treatment in the book, the history of men is interwoven with the record of their affairs, in the same intimate connection which they sustain in the daily current of commercial life. Business affairs do not transact themselves; therefore it seemed eminently proper that their history should be blended with the life struggles and triumphs of the men who are charged with the responsibility of their movement.
While not deprecating honest criticism, I will yet express the hope that the difficul- ties, inherent in such a task as we have undertaken, will meet with due consideration, when the value of the work itself is being estimated.
29-30
---
-
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE. !
PAGE.
Omo To-day. 33
Conl Trade, Development and Extent of, .
34
38
W. Wood, 189.
Mineral Statistics, Coal, Iron,
39
Amos W. Coates,
Rolling Mills in Ohio, ..
40
Elisha Teeters,
195
Hanging Rock Iron Region,
42
Jacob TIeatherington, 199
Pome:cy Region, .
53
John Fink,
201
Mineral Resources of South-eastern Ohio,
58
-
William G. Barnard,
205
Agricultural Statistics,
68
James Leffel, . Leopold Burckhardt.
207
Wine, .
71
Orchards-and Vineyards, .
72
W. W. Johnson, 213
Benevolent and Reformatory Institutions, .
74
W. D. Kelley, 217
Education in Ohio,
79
John Gould, 219
New Structures,
So
66
D. Kinsey, . 223
Corporations,
80
John Van, 225
P. Kinney, 229
Cities and Incorporated Villages in Ohio, .
85
George Barber, 231
Cincinnati, .
91
Alvah Buckingham, 235
Cleveland,
122
Freeland T. Harney, 237
Cleveland Opera-house,
128
James Ward, 211
George Fisher. 243
247
Hon. Valentine B. Horton,
I33
66
William M. Mills,
249
David Tod, .
137
John Tempie.
25-1
William Kirkup,
139
Thomas Holliday:
253
John Campbell .. 142
Joseph Sutplin,
257
: : Henry B. Curtis, 147
George W. Erwin, 259
Henry Blandy, 149
Francis j. Tytus, 263
F. J. L. Blandy,
153
66 Charles F Gunckel, 255
R. M. Bishop,
155
6 :
W. W Crawford, 269
$6 Lemuel Crawford,
159
$6 J. L. Hibbs, 271
W. B. Maddux,
161
William Lambert,
275
A. J. Beatty, .
165
Dr. James L. Chase,
277
A. C. Richarils,
167
‹ : John A. Ellsler,
28:
A. E. Burkhardt,
170
G. O. Griswold,
283
George Willard, .
173
Thomas Sharp,
. 287
John Boushield,
177
65 D. B. Stewart,
239
Jeha G. Peebles,
179
Biography of J. B. Wilson, . 292
31
Biographies,
129
Portrait of David Sinton,
131
66
A. I. Stout
--
-----
Portrait of Thomas W. Means, 183
John A. Mohlenhoff, . 1.55
:
66
.
RailroadIs,
66
.
32
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
FAGE.
Portrait of Samuel Quinby, 293
Portrait of J. W. Foote, 297
pool, O., 4,20
399 | C. C. Thompson & Co .. Fellow and Rocking- .
ham Ware, East Liverpool, O., 427
S. & W. Bagot, Yellow and Rockingham Ware, East Liverpool, O., 127
La Belle Glass Co., Bridgeport, O., 4.28
! Massillon Excelsior Works, Massillon, O.,
C. Aulonan & Co., Agricultural Implements, Canton, O., 4.29
Ballard, Fast & Co., Canton, O .. 430
Diebold, Norris & Co., Safe Manufacturers,
Mix & Cooke, Oil Refiners, Cleveland, O., 410 Canton, O., . . 432
Wrought-iron Bridge Co. Canton. O., . 434
: B. F. Renick & Co., Printing Presses, Can- ton, O., 433
C. Russell & Co., Reapers and Mowers, Can- ton, O., 435
414 M. L. Gibbs & Co., Plows, Cantou, O., 436
King Iron Bridge and Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, O., .
415
-- P. P. Bush, Engines an I Mill Work, Centon, O., 436
John Ball & Co., Plows, Canton, O., 412
Ogden House, Canton, O., 447
West House, Sandusky. O., 447
Alliance White Lead Co., Alliance, O., 436
L. Haldeman & Son, Building Stone, Cleve- land, O.,
417
Isaac Leisey & Co., Brewers, Cleveland, O., . 417
Akron Chein Works, Akron, O., .
435
Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Co., 66
418
Aultman, Miller & Co., Akron, O., 438
Barber Match Co., Akron, O., 439
Lake Shore Foundry,
Ferdinand Schumacher's Mills, Akron, O., 440
L. Schlather, Brewer, 66
419 | Taplin, Rice & Co., Foundry, etc., . 441
Corrigan && Co., Oil Works,
420 420
--- Silver & Deming Manufact'ring Co., Salem, O., 442
Novelty Iron Works, 6%
421 Amos Rank & Co., 443
421 Excelsior Fertilizing Works, 443
422 Edwards & Morlan, 66
443
National Flour Mills,
Delaware Fence Co., Delaware, O., .
Sandusky Wheel Co., Sandusky, O., · 424
Wick, Ridgway & Co., Youngstown, O., 425
A. Stephan & Co., Brewers, Toledo, O .. .
Gaylord Rolling Mill Co., .
425 450
.
Ohio Manufactures, .
Barney & Smith Manufact'ing Co, Dayton, O., 400 Stout, Mills & Temple, Dayton, O., . 403 Beckel House, Dayton, O., . 446 P. P. Mast & Co., Springfield, O., 404 Cleveland Rolling Mill Co., Cleveland, O., . 406 Standard Oil Works, Cleveland. O., . 407
Meriam & Morgan Paraffine Co., Cleveland, O., 403
Forest City Varnish, Oil, and Naphtha Co., Cleveland, O., · 4.09
C. L. Morehouse & Son, Oils, Cleveland, O., 411 412 413
W. Il. Doan, Oils and Naphtha, Cleveland, O., American Lubricating Oil Co., 66
Sherwin, Williams & Co., Paints, Oils, etc., Cleveland, O.,
Schofield, Shurmer & Teagle, Oil Refiners, Cleveland, O .. . Griswold & Dunham, Linseed Oil, Cleveland, Ohio, .
415
416
A.J. Tschantz, Organ Manufacturer, Orrville, O., 437 Orrville Engine Works, Orrville, O., 437
Cleveland Scale Works,
418 419
Sumner House, Akron, O., 447
C. E. Gehring, Brewer,
Peter Gerlach & Co., Saws. 66
Alfred. Eyears, Importing Tailor,
4-3 Buckeye Engine Co., 444
423 ! Burgess Iron and Steel Works, Portsmouth, O., 448
C. S. Weatherby & Co.'s Building, Cincin- nati, O., 449
1
PACE.
Laughlin Bros., Ironstone China, East Liver-
33
OHIO TO-DAY.
Tur superiority of Ohio as a State for capital and skill must be familiar to those in any degree acquainted with its natural advantages and treasures. Her valley and uplands, containing inexhaustible deposits of iron and co !! , multiply the population and wealth, adding daily to the fame of our vast natural resources. Coal veins, vary- ing from four and a half to ten feet in thickness, are placed by bountiful nature where the simplest mechanical contrivances, united with comparatively trifling man- ual labor, enables the manufacturer to avail himself freely of the greatest aid in Reducing the valuable ores to every forin and condition required to supply the needs of civilization. The benefits derived from this treasure bed of coal which abounds in our State can scarcely be estimated. Its presence suggests and its use is synonymous . with economy. It has been aptly remarked that the secret of wealth and progress of more than one modern nation may be found in the statistics of this mineral. Some idea of the influence exerted by its possession may be inferred from the fact that it is equally essential to the successful operation of the factory, the steamer, or the loco- motive, and from the fact that Ohio produced over 110, 000,000 bushels of coal in 1872. As it would be impossible to convey any idea of the variety and extent of the important manufactures of Ohio in an article of this nature, we have confined our- selves to some of the leading features which render us peculiar as a manufacturing State. The products of our manufacturing establishments enter into countless articles, from the commonplace trifles in domestic use to the grandest' and most beautiful achievements of human ingenuity and art.
The iron from her milis is handled in every hamlet in the Western country. Her od is at once a necessity in millions of households. Her coal contributes comfort to countless firesides, reduces the valuable ores, conduces' to successful operation in the factory, and illuminating cities, while the product of her refineries is in demand in
5
-
-- -
34
OHIO TO-DAY.
remote cities and villages in Europe. No State in the Union possesses greater natural advantages, greater resources, or better facilities for transportation, than Ohio. Her natural position, her inexhaustible coal fields, her river, lake, canal, and railroad trans- portation, her central location, and her proverbial industry, combine in rendering her the foremost in manufacturing in the Union.
DEVELOPMENT AND EXTENT OF COAL TRADE.
ONE of the greatest aids to civilization is to be found in a single mineral de- posit-coal. At the present day coal may be termed the real staple wealth of all manufacturing and commercial countries. Through the aid of this magical mineral we derive the comfort of artificial light and heat. It is the great aid in reducing the valuable ores to every form and condition required to supply the needs of civiliza- tion. In a word, the genii of modern industry and progress. If we may be guided by the past, the future fame and wealth of a country may be measured by the char- acter and extent of the area of its coal fields. In this connection, the "reports from Her Majesty's Secretaries of Embassy and Legation respecting coal" can not fail to be interesting. According to these reports the proportion of the whole area covered with coal in the following countries, is as follows: British Islands, 1-10; Belgium, 1-22; France, 1-100; United States, 2-9; Prussia, 1-90; British North . Anierica, 1-20; Bohemia, 1-20; Spain, 1-52. Since these reports were published, discoveries have been made in the Western States showing that upward of one-fourth of the whole area of the United States is covered with coal! What a future is involved in this single statement. The same reports inform us that the production of coal in the United States amounted to, in 1865, 17,417,617 tons. The total production of the United States at the present time is about 25,000,000, or twice the amount produced in France; more than six times the amount produced in Aus- tria, and over a third more than the average annual product of Prussia. The average annual product of England is given at 80,000,000 tons. France imports from six to seven million tons of coal annually. Russia, although the banks of the Donetz are rich in coal, also imports a large amount; and Spain, notwithstanding
35
1634272
THE COAL TRADE.
wer internal resources, depends upon England for her coal. While England is as ity consuming her mineral treasure, we have scarcely begun to develop our antense resources. Take, for instance, the treasure bed surrounding Pittsburg, em- 1: ing 15,000 square miles, equal to 8,600,000 acres of coal, which has scarcely Even tapped. This immense coal field contains two seams, the upper seam aver- ows the thickness of eight feet, which, valued at two dollars per ton, would *ament to $107,032,860,000. All of the coal contained in this huge deposit is : the best quality, being admirably fitted for open fire-places and manufacturing proposea. It is to this soft, bituminous coal, that the greater portion of the western and south-western cities are indebted for their gas. It is also an indispensable aid to the manufacturer; owing to its freedom from sulphur, the coke made from it has ob- tuned a national reputation.
The coal fields of Ohio are second in importance only to the great coal fields of Pennsylvania, and comprise an area 10,000 square miles, or 6,500,000 acres. The estimated yield of twenty-seven cubic feet to the ton would give the coal deposits in Ohio, as here estimated, to be 209, 733, 333, 340 tons. It would require 51,200 years to exhaust these mines, were they operated at the same rate they are now being mined: or, it would supply the entire demand at present inade upon the colliers of the United States for 4,560 years; or, it would supply Great Britain with coal for 1, 600 years, with a pro- duction equal to that mined at the present time. From a volume entitled "Coal Regions of America," we find the following brief outline of the coal seam in Ohio :
"The coal basin is bounded on the west by a continuous but crooked line from the Ohio River, in Scioto County, to the Pennsylvania line near Sharon, within a line run- ning from that place to Ravenna, Akron, Wooster, Dover, Brownsville, Logan and Hanging Rock; or, to follow the line of outcrop more particularly, we have in the north, in Trumbull County, the boundary of the coal field from where the Pymatuning Creek crosses the State line, curving southward, and the other side of the curve being on Mahoning Creek, at Youngstown. Thence the line is westward, nearly along the north ine of Mahoning County, from the north-west corner of which it puts out a long, slender rape through Portage into Geauga County, its west boundary being near the Cuyahoga Rier, until it enters Summit County. From Ravenna the line is nearly south-west to the north line of Holmes County, except a well-defined cape running into the south-east corner of Medina County. Thence southward it follows near the east line of Holmes airl Knox Counties, and includes the south-east corner of Licking County. It then
36
OHIO TO-DAY.
passes near the line between Fairfield and Perry Counties, with a deep indentation at the Hocking River Valley, extending to the west line of Athens County. Thence west- ward and south-west to include the south-east part of Hocking County, three-fourths of Vinton, nearly all of Jackson. and the eastern part of Scioto Counties. The counties wholly covered with coal are Mahoning, Columbiana, Stark, Holmes, Tuscarawas, Carroll, Jefferson. Harrison, Belmont, Guernsey, Coshocton, Muskingum, Perry, Noble, Morgan, Monroe, Washington, Athens, Meigs, Gallia, Lawrence, and nearly all of Jackson. All' the counties of which the eastern or south-eastern parts only are covered with coal are Trumbull, Portage, Summit, Medina, Wayne, Licking, Fairfield, Hocking, Vinton and Scioto. There are also some outliers, or small detached basins, in Wayne, Ashland, Richland and Knox Counties."
The discovery of mineral coal and its uses is an event of the present century. Coal was known to exist at various points in Northern Ohio when the forest was first pene- trated by the early settlers. The first coal mining in Northern Ohio was done about the year 1810. The coal was dug from a pit near Talmage. in Summit County, and used for many years for blacksmithing purposes. About the year 1819 or 1820 Messrs. Asaph Whittlesey and Samuel Newton opened a bank near that place, which was followed, a few years later, by the opening of other mines. The coal, as yet, had never been tested for heating purposes, and, aside from blacksmiths, there was no demand. Coal was known to exist by the settlers in the Mahoning Valley, and as the country became more thickly settled and wood began to be more scarce, coal was taken from the outcrops and used by blacksmiths ind also for fuel; a more systematic method of mining was soon adopted, and coal was teamed in large quantities to other places. In 1840. David Tod was operating a mine at Brier Hill, and upon the completion of the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal from Akron, Ohio, to Beaver, Penn., he shipped a couple of boat loads to Cleveland, for the purpose of introducing it as fuel on lake steamers, which was not easily accomplished, there being considerable hostility manifested toward it by engineers and firemen. Mr. Tod, however, was not to be discouraged by these difficulties, and finally succeeded in making a successful experiment, and, in 1845, coal supplanted wood on the steamers on the lower lakes. Large quantities were subsequently mined and shipped to Cleveland from the Mahoning Valley by Mr. Tod, and but a few years elapsed until the mining and shipping of coal became a prominent industry; later, the opening of the Cleveland and Mahoning Railway from Cleveland to Youngstown-traversing the heart of the coal region-gave fresh impetus to the mining interests.
1
37
THE COAL TRADE.
The discovery that the coal in the Mahoning Valley could be used in reducuts ores without coking was the result of mere accident, in the year IS45; and then the iron made from the use of the raw coal proved to be of a superior quality to that produced by the use of coke. This discovery was of incalculable benefit both to coal operators and iron manufacturers, and extensive operations were soon entered into for the mining and shipping of'coal and the erection of manufacturing establishments, which consumed large quantities at home. in manufacturing iron and its products. The State Geologist, in his report of the geological survey of Ohio, says:
"The coal of the Mahoning Valley, nearly all of which is a first-class coal, is superior to that from any other coal field in the State. and not excelled by any bituminous coal mines any where. The coal is generally remarkably free from sulphur and other impurities, containing a small per cent of ash and a large per cent of fixed carbon. As the analysis of specimens taken from various openings, and published in the chemist's report, will show, it is generally a dry, open burning coal, its mechanical structure causing it to take fire rapidly through the center of the largest pieces, especially adapting it to the smelting of iron.
"The coals in this valley were the first bituminous coals mined in the country . for the reduction of iron ores without coking-a fact which made them widely known, and gave them, at the time, a reputation above all other bituminous coals. Notwith- standing continuous explorations have largely increased our knowledge of the coals of the country, and have brought to notice of manufactures many varieties of great excel- lence, these still maintain the reputation thus acquired. They are still the standard with which iron-making coals are to be compared."
The coal mines in the Mahoning Valley are principally located in the townships of Brookfield, Liberty, Vienna, Hubbard, Weathersfield and Houland, in Trumbull County, and Austintown, Youngstown and Coitsville Townships, in Mahoning County. In our exhibit of the coal trade in this region, we had hoped to give a complete report. In this, however, we are somewhat disappointed, as there are some mines in operation from which we could get no statistics. We give reports from works located contiguous to Youngstown, and, as great care was used in gathering the data, it may be considered a fair report. The total number of men employed in thesc mines is 3, 48o, to whom are paid for labor $1, 821,480 per annum. There was 507.375 tons of coal mined in 1873. employing a capital of $1.670,000. The number of acres of coal land being worked is 6,680, which is valued at nearly $5,000,000.
3$
MINERAL STATISTICS.
COAL. -
The amount of Coal reported as mined in Ohio in the last year is 22, 644, 514 bushels less than that reported for the year previous.
The amount mined in the State for a series of years was reported as follows :
BUSHELS.
BUSHELS.
1840
3,513,409 8,000,000
1867
46,703,820
1850
1868
55,264.392
1860
50,000,000
I869 54.955,057
1863
26,887,899
47,584,792
1864
40,527,291
1865
34,290,359
1872
. 110, 438, 754
1866
42, 130, 02 I
1873
87,794,240
In the following table is given the amount of coal mined in the several counties in the year 1873:
BUSHELS.
BUSHELS.
Athens County,
7,803,637
Morgan County, 17,459
Belmont County,
2,889, 266
Muskingum County,
1, 679, 169
Carroll County, 210, 300
Noble County, 245,600
Columbiana County,
6,728,570
Perry County,
9,979,056
Coshocton County, 891, 100
Portage County, 221,600
Guernsey County,
1,895,500
Scioto .County,
91,266
Harrison County,
600,768
Stark County, .
10,002,642
Hocking County,
4,287,276
Summit County, .
5,395,444
Holmes County, .
115,000
Trumbull County, . 8,217.248
Jackson County,
2,307,736
Tuscarawas County,
1,715,300
Jefferson County, Lawrence County,
2,024,300
Vinton County, 1, 120,6S2
Mahoning County,
3,937,676
Wayne County,
5, 189,018
Medina County,
92,000
Meigs County,
5,757,203
Total,
87,794,240
Monroe County,
32,970
Washington County, 316,690
4,029,773
1870 1871 55,316,666
·
39
MINERAL STATISTICS.
IRON.
In the following tables are given the amount of iron ore mined, and pig iron made, in Ohio in the last two years, as reported by the assessors, and the amount of pig iron made in the same time and in the first six months of 1874, as learned from the manufacturers, except eight blast furnaces not reported for the last six months of 1873 and the first six months of 1874. These reports show as follows:
Years.
Tons ore mined.
Tons pig iron manufactured.
1872, 1873,
336,758
426,626
332,972
394,751
Difference,
3,786
31,875
IRON ORE MINED.
TONS.
TONS.
Columbiana County,
10,000
Scioto County,
27,576
Fairfield County,
700
Stark County,
30,500
Hocking County,
8,987
Trumbull County,
1,500
Jackson County,
71,288
Tuscarawas County,
36,850
Lawrence County,
105,724
Vinton County,
31,084
Muskingum County,
3,407
Perry County,
13,356
Total,
332,972
The amount of pig iron made in the first half of 1874, by all the blast furnaces in . the State, as reported to this office by the manufacturers, except eight furnaces not reported, is 199, 149 net tons. The production of pig iron in Ohio, in a series of years, was as follows:
TONS.
TONS.
1840,
25,950
1868, 1869,
207.746
1850,
52,658
211, 074
1860,
105,500
IST0, 309,933
1863,
353,000
1864,
1865,
50,704 62,536 63,991
1871, 1872, *426,626 1873, *394,751
1866,
81,790
1874, first 6 months, ¥199,149
1867,
167,591
$ These amounts were obtained from the manufacturers by correspondence from this office.
--
40
OHIO TO-DAY.
ROLLING MILLS IN OHIO IN 1874.
LAKE COUNTIES. Annual capacity in tons.
American Sheet and Boiler Plate Company's Works, Cleveland, . 6,000
Ashtabula Rolling Mill Company's Works, Ashtabula,
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