USA > Ohio > Cuyahoga County > Cleveland > Annals of Cleveland, 1818-1935 > Part 2
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"The 'Suckers' manifest great regard for the welfare of the whole world, save that portion only they owe so much."
(2)
36 - H Nov. 22; ed:2/1 - The Oregon question is no doubt the leading topic of the press just now, and the Washington JOURNAL, official ad- ministration organ, devotes column after column to prove our title to the whole of Oregon and the necessity of U. S. jurisdiction over the disputed territory. The JOURNAL has, however, tempered its voice somewhat, and whereas before it screamed for all or none of Oregon. it declares now that "in saying 'the whole or none, ' we spoke distinct- ly and exclusively of our title."
"It is evidently laboring to get up a war feeling, and hopes to gain strength to the party in power by exciting the prejudices and passions of the people, particularly of the West, against the policy of England in regard to Oregon."
(12)
37 - H Nov. 25; ed:2/1 - We fear the madness of our rulers is pushing on a crisis in our affairs, the ultimate end of which no man can pre- dict in all its aspects. That we have a good claim to the whole or to some part of Oregon, we have no doubt, but as to how much, discreet and impartial men differ.
The whole of it is hardly worth as much to us as a nation, as the single county of Worcester in Massachusetts, Lancaster in Pennsylvania, or even Richland or Licking in Ohio, and certainly not half as much as Hamilton county. Now we ask what two men should do who desired nothing but justice and who claimed the same land, whether good, or, like Oregon, not worth having?
If we engage in a war about it, we have got to end it by a treaty, and a common sense man would ask, why not have the treaty first? Why not select a mutual and disinterested friend to say where lays the right? If it be not done, and war comes upon us, it will be such a one in destruction of life and property and human happiness as earth never yet
8
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 38 - 43
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION (Cont'd)
looked upon.
"Look well to the consequences then. before drawing the sword, for if we do this under present circumstances, we may as well at the same time throw away the scabbard."
(18)
38 - II Dec. 19; ed:3/1 - "It seems that Oregon is determined to come in- to the Union, whether Mr. Pakenham and John Bull will let it or not. Mr. White has been appointed a delegate to Congress by the self appointed government of that territory, and is now in Washington, to ask a seat in our National Assembly to represent the territory." (verbatim) (1)
Texas
39 . H Jan. 13; ed:2/1 - The message of Governor Briggs of Massachu- setts, which was read to the legislature on Jan. 4, opposes the annexa- tion of Texas, as unconstitutional and inexpedient under any circum- stances whatever.
"It is brief, well written, and presents the condition of the Old Bay State in a very flattering light."
(3)
40 . H Jan. 15:3/1 - The New Orleans JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICAN says they must have "Texas with her slaves or not at all." There is the se- cret of the anxiety of the South to annex Texas; the spread of slavery, and a controlling slave influence in Congress, are the only objects cared for by these "sympathizing patriots." (verbatim)
(1)
41 - H Jan. 30; ed:3/1 - "The llouse on Saturday voted to annex Texas to the United States, by a small majority, and the same appliances and mo- tives that carried the scheme through the House will very possibly give it favor with a majority of the Senate ....
"As a bare majority is alone necessary to carry the proposition, the chances are in favor of its adoption."
(9)
42 - H Jan. 31; ed:2/1 - A resolution declaring the terms on which Con- gress will admit Texas into the Union as a state was passed by the House on Jan. 25. It was copied from the bill reported to the Senate by Foster, of Tennessee, which is now before the Senate committee on : foreign relations.
It will be seen that but two of the Ohio Locos voted against the resolution, Brinkerhoff and St. John.
"All the Whig members from Ohio voted with the nays. Some eleven New York Locos had independence enough to vote against the Resolution."
(14)
43 . H Feb. 4; ed: 3/1 . "Read the letter we publish today from the wor- thy Representative from the Lorain District. It is an able expose and commentary on the extraordinary conduct of a majority of the House in regard to the admission of a slave-cursed Foreign Government into our
9
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 44 - 47
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION - Texas (Cont'd) Union of Confederated States, and shows clearly that our written Con- stitution is of no more effect than blank paper in arresting the im- perious demands of the Representatives of Slavery for power. Let the people of the Free States with alacrity rally around Freedom's banner and sustain its fearless champions."
(4)
44 - H Feb. 4; ed:3/1 - "What Will the Senate Do?' . This is now a ques- tion of absorbing import, and frequently asked, but as yet cannot be sat- isfactorily answered." Some say the Texas question will be very close, and others say that a small majority will be found opposed to it. The Baltimore AMERICAN says: It is probable that the Committee on foreign relations, which has this whole subject in charge, will report that the Senate has no constitutional power to annex Texas except as a party to the treaty-making power.
"If this Report is sustained, ... then there is an end of the Texas question for the present session, if not altogether." (6)
45 - H Feb. 24; ed:2/1 . "The debate in the Senate on the Joint Resolu- tion from the House annexing Texas, continues to be the point of attrac- tion in Washington, and the Chamber is crowded daily to hear the able discussion."
The constitutional power has been discussed at length. A great deal of contemporary history is brought to bear upon the clause of the con- stitution which is claimed as authority for admitting a new state into the union.
"It would have been deemed a gross infraction of the Constitution in the early history of the Government to attempt what was now thought can be done."
(12)
46 . H Mar. 4; ed:3/1 - Information received by eastern mail is to the effect that in the Texas annexation matter, on the motion of Walker, the bill by Benton was substituted for the joint resolution by a vote in the Senate, 27 for, 25 against.
"Mr. Benton has triumphed in the Senate. He openly declared that Mr. Polk's Administration should have the responsibility of annexation, and his Bill was submitted expressly to that end ....
"If Mr. Benton's Bill has passed the House, the whole Texas question remains in status quo and Texas agitation will be the prominent charac- teristic of the Polk Administration."
H Mar. 6:2/3 - See Sectionalism (6)
47 . H Mar. 7; ed:2/1 - "Southern policy and Southern influence have had the supremacy in our National Congress for some years - not as the result of power, but as the result of the political servility of Northern
'dough-faces.' By the acquisition of Texas and its division into four or five slave states, the preponderance of Southern influence, etc. in the Government will be based upon numerical strength, instead of the easy
10
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 48 - 52
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION - Texas (Cont'd) political virtue of Northern trading politicians ....
"Congress has finished the work and thereby sanctioned, in the face of the civilized world, the execrable purpose of the American nation - the extension and perpetuation of human servitude. Whether the people of the free states will quietly acquiesce we know not, nor do we wish to raise the veil and attempt to record the probable or possible conse- quences that will sooner or later follow." (13)
48 - H Mar. 31; ed:2/1 - It is amusing to note how earnestly the Texas scrip holders beseech the Lone Star to take a place in our constellation. The hot annexationists are just beginning to learn that it "take two to make a bargain," and Texas well knows she can get any terms from the party in power in the United States that she chooses to ask for.
Her public debt will have to be assumed, her battles fought, her frontier protected, her Indians kept in subjection, her slave institu- tions upheld, and her public lands left at her own disposal.
"Are the people of the free States ready to sign the bond?" (4)
49 - H Apr. 1; ed:3/1 - Some weeks since the OHIO STATE JOURNAL pro- posed the holding of a state convention in Columbus of those opposed to the iniquitous Texas annexation scheme, and the suggestion has been responded to with considerable favor by a respectable portion of the press in the state.
"We have no great faith in the efficiency of Conventions in prevent- ing the consummation of the annexation scheme .... Conventions now to arrest the evil look very much to us like attempting to 'lock the door after the horse is stolen. '"
(4)
50 - HI Apr. 10:2/1 - Speech of Mr. Giddings. - We commence to-day the publication of the able speech of the member from this district, on the Annexation question, copied from the NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. The "signs of the times" indicate that the Texas question is not yet disposed of, and the speech of Mr. G. is worthy of the perusal of every Northern freeman. (verbatim) (1)
51 - H June 5; ed: 2/1 - The Washington UNION very coolly takes the posi - tion that "Mexico has been seeking to involve the United States in a quarrel about Texas, and has failed in her object."
"This will certainly be news to the people of the United States, for it has been pretty evident from the day Tyler first broached his Annex- ation scheme, that the 'quarrel about Texas' has been of our own seek. ing. We covet the property of others, and appear bent on quarreling to get it." (4)
52 - H July 18; ed:2/1 . The annexation of Texas will no doubt induce a great deal of emigration from the slave states, particularly the older states which have been exhausted by slave tillage. The rich soil of Texas and the favorable climate for cotton and sugar will draw largely
11
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 53 - 56
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION - Texas (Cont'd)
from the population of sections in which these crops are now unprofitable.
"A new and extensive slave mart will be opened, and we should not be surprised to see a decided decrease in the slave population of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, Maryland and the Carolinas, during the ensuing ten years ... .
"Texas is a much more desirable country to locate in than Oregon, and annexation will have the effect to change the destination of many who feel that they lack elbow room in the old States."
(5)
53 - H July 21; ed:2/1 - The indications now are strongly in favor of a war with Mexico. Mexico is too weak and too unsettled in her policy to enter upon a war with any hope of success, and we apprehend nothing more serious than bluster will grow out of the annexation of Texas.
"The intelligence from Vera Cruz is warlike, and it was thought there that war was inevitable, and that the next advices would bring the dec- laration." (7)
54 - H July 21: ed:2/1 - "At the last Presidential election in Texas, less than thirteen thousand votes were polled. There are fifty counties in the different States of the Union which cast a heavier vote. These Texasites will be greatly favored, for they will have two Senators in the United States Senate and one member of the House of Representa- tives, whereas a larger number of voters in other sections of the Union must content themselves with one or two votes in a state legislature." (2)
55 - H July 24; ed:2/1 - The Detroit FREE PRESS recently stated that the Cleveland HERALD was exhibiting a marked favor toward the admission of Texas into the Union.
"We know not why our friend of the FREE PRESS should be of the opin- ion we are 'not very strongly opposed to receiving Texas into the Union'. ...
"We have opposed the annexation of Texas to this Union, and shall con- tinue to oppose it, until the iniquity is fully consummated by the 'powers that be' at Washington ....
"We are 'liberal,' but not liberal enough to give to Texas, with its 13,000 voters, the same power in the Senate of the United States as our own State with its 312,224 voters. We are not liberal enough to extend the unjust and unequal representation, made up of slave population. We are not liberal enough to make five Texas slaves equal in political power to three freemen of Ohio. We do not believe in a representation based upon property, whether animate or inanimate ....
"We say now, as we said more than a year ago, 'We do not want Texas We do not want territory annexed to our Union, that was taken from a Government by violence and wrong. '" (11)
56 - H Aug. 12; ed: 3/1 - "According to the Detroit EXPRESS the U. S. troops stationed there have been ordered to Texas. The 'lone star' will be a costly addition to our constellation." (1)
12
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 57 - 62
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION - Texas (Cont'd) 57 - H Aug. 19; ed: 2/2 - Mexico appears unwilling to sanction the annex- ation of Texas to the United States and formal declaration of hostilities is an event of the very near future. The Mexicans are aroused and can easily be worked into a frenzy to protect their rights and territories.
"It will be seen that although there is no actual declaration of war by Mexico, the indications are pretty strong that war may soon be expected. Some of the New Orleans editors think it will all end in Mexican bluster, which, unless Mexico is backed up by England, is quite probable." (8)
58 - H Aug. 21; ed:3/1 - "War with Mexico is threatened, and who knows but John Bull and all Canada may be down upon us before we see the begin- ning of the end, if the dogs of war are let slip?" The trouble between Texas and Mexico is the start, and the annexation of Texas to the United States adds impetus to the war movement. "Heaven avert that paltry Texas should now set the world in a brimstone blaze!" (4)
59 - H Aug. 23; ed:3/1 - "The PICAYUNE says a plan has just been thought of by which 'Uncle Sam' may save considerable expense in prosecuting the Mexican war; it's a pity it hadn't been thought of before the troops were sent down. The plan is to send a Daguerrotypist over to the Texan borders and let him take the whole Mexican army as it appears." (1)
60 - H Aug. 26; ed:3/1 - The Mexican chamber of deputies proposes a loan of 15 millions to carry on the war against the United States, urging that such a war is the only alternative against slavery and infamy and the per- manent loss of Texas.
"The tone of the report is grave and earnest; but it is somewhat doubt- ful whether the fifteen millions will be forthcoming, unless something like force is employed - the necessity of which is indeed hinted at." (2)
61 - H Aug. 29; ed:3/1 - A volunteer regiment may soon be formed in St. Louis to march against Mexico in the event of a war over the possession of Texas. Santa Fe and California are to be marched against, and Major General Lee of the second division, Missouri militia, proposes to gather and lead 5,000 men to battle.
"The Missourians appear anxious to make the trial at any rate." (3)
62 - H Aug. 30; ed:3/1 - New Crleans papers state Texas can, at a word, raise 5,000 ready and able riflemen to defend her borders, these men being willing to fight without pay - all they want is provisions and ammunition. "What a chivalrous, magnanimous set of fellows these Texan patriots are .... Pay they want not, but it would be acceptable if offered. Rather think it would be acceptable; and we guess when the Bills are exhibited to the public which have been paid out of the pockets of Uncle
13
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 63 - 67
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION - Texas (Cont'd)
Sam, the people will find out that the pay was offered and accepted by the Texans ....
"Texans will only fight for pay . and the people of this country will have to pay, unless we are much mistaken, before this Texas outrage is consummated, at least one Hundred Millions Of Dollars, as a consideration for the glorious privilege of 'extending the area of freedom,' for the purpose of cursing that area with human slavery."
(5)
63 - H Aug. 30; ed: 3/1 . The Texan congress has passed resolutions ap- proved by the president of Texas, authorizing the calling out of the Texas militia, in the event of a Mexican invasion, and inviting United States troops to occupy the republic's borders. In all, Texas may be protected by U. S. militia and regulars, by volunteer troops, and by her own fighting forces. "So that, in view of the activity displayed in preparing for the crisis, it is not probable that there will be a deficiency of force to meet any emergency."
(4)
64 - H Sept. 1; ed:2/1 . The Mexican congress has passed the law author . izing a loan of $15,000,000 for the conquest of Texas, and it is rumored the money has been raised with the help of England and California. On July 22, the government is also supposed to have drawn up a declaration of war against the United States, to take effect when it is definitely known that U. S. troops have landed in Texas.
"It is now evident that the Mexican government does not consider a formal declaration of war necessary, previous to commencement of hos- tilities, deeming their threat of war, in the event of annexation, as sufficient."
(6)
65 - H Sept. 1; ed:2/1 - The Washington UNION says General Gaines had no right to request troops of the governor of Louisiana for service in Texas. The command of "the army of observation" is especially entrusted to General Taylor.
"We have suspected, since the news first reached us, that General Gaines was acting 'on his own hook' in making a requisition on the Gover- nor of Louisiana for volunteers for Texas; and we have now, in the Wash- ington UNION, a direct declaration to that effect."
(4)
66 - H Sept. 5; ed:3/1 - "A letter from an officer of the Army, dated at Corpus Christi, Aug. 15th, states that so far there is no sign of hostil- ities on the part of the Mexicans, and that a courier, who had been des- patched by Gen. Taylor to Matamoras, had returned and reported that there were only four hundred Mexican troops in or near that place.
"What shadows have frightened Gen. Gaines and Father Richie!" (1)
67 - H Sept. 6; ed:3/1 - General Gaines has written to the President for 100 battalions, with which he promises to plant the American flag in the capitol of the Montezumas.
"His pretty wife, who has lectured the country through on the subject of Peace, had better turn her attention to quieting her bellicose spouse."
(2)
14
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 68 - 73
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION . Texas (Cont'd) 68 - H Sept. 9; ed:3/1 - "Unless the Government at once puts a stopper on Gen. Gaines, he will set the whole country in an uproar by his va- garies. A letter of the 27th ult. from New Orleans, states that Gen. G. has called on the Texan Government for 3,000 volunteers, to be mustered into the service of the United States! He is about calling for some 30,000 volunteers on drafts from all the States bordering on the Miss- issippi below the Ohio river !! " (1)
69 - H Sept. 12; ed:2,1 - The Texan congress has, after much debate, approved a measure which is intended to prevent collection of claims against Texas inhabitants by United States citizens, in the event of annex- ation. "Annexation may well be popular in the 'lone star Republic,' if by that means she may cancel at once her public and private debts. An indefinite portion of the citizens of the new state, it is true, fled to it to be secure against the just laws of some of the old States of the Union, and annexation would be a poor business for them if justice could go along with it."
(6)
70 - II Sept. 20; ed:3/1 - The war fever at Vera Cruz and Mexico has sub- sided; General Paredes and his 7,000 troops refuse to cross the Rio Bravo and engage the Texans until back-pay and three months' advance pay is forthcoming. Mexico is, moreover, on the verge of a home revolution which will overturn the government. "The gasconades and bluster of Mex- ico, which so frightened Gen. Gaines and Father Ritchie, are passing off very harmlessly, and our army, drawn together on the Gulf from the ex- tremes of the Union, will probably soon enjoy the pleasure of marching back again." (8)
71 - H Sept. 26; ed:3/1 - "During the Presidential canvass, all the Locofoco Papers persisted in protesting, that, in the event of the an- nexation of Texas, there would not be the slightest chance of a war be- tween the United States and Mexico. And yet, no sooner is Texas annexed, than the United States, in anticipation of war, is hurrying troops to Texas, at immense expense, from all parts of the country. So, whether we are to have war or not, we are at any rate to be burdened with the ex- penses of one."
(1)
72 - H Oct. 3; ed:3/1 . It was confidentially expected in Mexico that the annexation of Texas to the Union would cause a rupture between En- gland and the United States, and bring about a British-American war, but now that England has refused to oblige, the Mexicans must retire peace- fully and quiet their empty blusters.
"It now seems to be settled, almost beyond a question, that there will be no war, nor difficulty of any sort with Mexico."
(5)
73 - H Nov. 11; ed: 3/1 - The U. S. Steamship MISSISSIPPI arrived at Pen- sacola on the 29th ult. from Vera Cruz direct in five days. The Mobile TRIBUNE says she brings no general intelligence of interest, but she
15
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 74 - 78
ANNEXATION & EXPANSION . Texas (Cont'd)
brings important communications from the Mexican Government; so important, indeed, that the PRINCETON was despatched with duplicate copies, and both Steamships were directed to reach Pensacola with all possible celerity. What is in the wind now? (verbatim) (2)
74 - H Nov. 15; ed: 2/2 . There can be no doubt of the peaceful import of the despatches recently received by our government from Mexico. In an authentic letter published at Vera Cruz, the writer states his belief that the present government of Mexico is desirous of avoiding a war with the United States. It is further stated that the object of the despatches is to open a renewal of diplomatic relations between the two countries that the Mexicans had offered to withdraw their forces from the frontier if the United States would order its troops to retire. They would also pay up the installments due on the indemnity, and acknowledge the in- dependence of Texas.
"This may be classed as important - if true." (3)
See also Militia; Political Parties; Politics & Government ยท United States; United States Army
ANNIVERSARIES
75 - H Apr. 8:3/1 . The 17th of March occurring the present year during Holy Week, the sons of the Emerald isle in this city deferred the usual solemnization of the natal anniversary until last evening. A large audience assembled in St. Mary's in honor of Ireland's patron saint, and an eloquent oration was delivered by the Rev. Mr. Howard. (verbatim)
(1)
76 - H Dec. 8:3/1 - The citizens of Cleveland who are in favor of a "Pilgrim Celebration" on Dec. 22 are requested to meet tomorrow at the council hall.
(1)
77 - H Dec. 11:2/2 - A large number of the sons of New England and de- scendants of the Pilgrims, residents of this city, assembled in the coun- cil room, Dec. 9, for the purpose of making arrangements to celebrate the anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims.
John W. Allen was appointed chairman and S. L. Mather, secretary. The Reverend Mr. Canfield will deliver the oration.
A committee was appointed to extend invitations and make the necessary arrangements. (4)
78 - H Dec. 17:3/1 - The Anniversary of the Landing of the Pilgrims, as heretofore noticed, will be commemorated on Monday evening next, Dec. 22, at half past six, in the Second Presbyterian church in this city.
In addition to the address of the Rev. Mr. Canfield, a rich treat of appropriate music will be given by our most gifted singers under the di- rection of Capt. Bingham. Accompaniments on the splendid organ of the church by Prof. Long.
To the descendants of the Pilgrims the occasion will be one of pe- culiar interest, and will attract a large assembly. (verbatim) (2)
16
CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1845
Abstracts 79 - 83
ANNIVERSARIES (Cont'd)
79 - H Dec. 23:3/1,2 - Last evening the celebration of the anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims took place in the Second Presbyterian church. The exercises commenced with Mozart's grand chorus, "Glory to God on High," executed with fine effect by Captain Bingham's select choir. A prayer was delivered by Reverend Walden. The address of Rev. erend Canfield was admirably adapted to the occasion. In rapid review the speaker traced the influence of the principles of the Pilgrims in the republican institutions of our country.
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