USA > Ohio > Franklin County > Columbus > Centennial history of Columbus and Franklin County, Ohio, Vol. I > Part 20
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cents each, or eighteen dollars and sixty-eight and three-fourth cents plus three months' board, and they were duly instructed in the three R's-Read- ing 'R'ting and 'Rithmetic according to the antediluvian short system of spelling then in vogue, as the written contract required. This munificent sum, as it was not to be sneered at in those days, was paid by the seven subscribers.
Dr. Peleg Sisson, afterward a member of the first school board, taught a subscription school on the west side of the river in 1816. A few years later he came to the east side and taught a classical school, and then a school for boys only.
William Lusk, the almanac maker, astronomer, civil engineer and mathematician taught an advanced school on the west side in 1817, and afterward was a successful teacher in the advanced schools on the east side. He was the author of the first Columbus Almanac.
The first school on the east side was opened in the hewed log church, which was erected in 1814-1815 on the site of the present school library building on east Town street-a prophetic and fitting monument to the pioneer church and school. William T. Martin was the first teacher, begin- ning with the spring ,of 1815.
A classical school was opened by a Mr. Butler. Dr. Sisson succeeded to it and consolidated it with his school on the Franklinton side. For a time it was a school for girls and boys. Then the Doctor taught boys only.
A Womanly Woman.
In 1818 the wife of David Smith, editor of the Monitor, opened a school for girls, not only teaching them the usual branches of learning, but in sew- ing, embroidery and like womanly accomplishments.
Rudolphus Dickinson, later a congressman from northern Ohio, taught languages in 1820 or thereabout. One of his pupils, David Bigger, became a famous lawyer and governor of Indiana.
The first school book, The Explanatory Monitor, published in Colum- bus, appeared in 1818, under the supervision of John Kilbourne. Private and select schools kept pace with the growth of population, active in which were Squire John Shields, Miss Reed and Miss Wait hitherto mentioned. Rev. James Labaree, J. B. Masterson, Horace Wilcox, Abiel Foster and Miss Catharine Foster, his sister, Mr. and Mrs. Schenck and others whose names have disappeared from the mildewed and mouldered records of the past.
The Columbus Academy, erected in 1821 by Lucas Sullivant and a score of associates, with Aaron G. Brown, Anna Treat and other workers, built out in the wooded district where the second Presbyterian church now stands, performed its mission and passed on, as did the Esther Institute, to shelter which, what is now known as the Trinity House on East Broad, opposite Trinity, with the well-trained educators, Professors Charles Jucksch and T. G. Wormley and Miss Hermine A. P. Tetu-all, schools and teachers alike valuable contributors to and ingredients in the great educational triumph of the twentieth century flashing greetings to the centuries to come.
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1850-CAPITAL UNIVERSITY-1909.
Capital University is a child of the church and its purpose is to serve the church. It is distinctively a Christian institution of learning. It was establshed in 1850 as an academic department mainly for the theological seminary which was founded by the Evangelical Luthern Joint Synod of Ohio and other states in the city of Columbus, Ohio, in 1830. This organi- zation, an Evangelical Lutheran body with a communicant membership of more than a hundred thousand and a clerical roll of over five hundred pas- tors serving eight hundred congregations, has now for a half a century con- trolled Capital University. While the chief purpose has been and still is to serve as a feeder to the theological seminary, the institution seeks also to prepare men for other professions by offering them a truly liberal education on the basis of the principles of God's Word. Instruction in this word accordingly constitutes a regular part of the curriculum, but is not obliga- tory for those whose parents or guardians desire to have them excused. While the institution is a Lutheran school, young men not of this denomination are also welcomed.
There are two courses in the college, the classical and the scientific-the former leading to the degree of A. B., the latter to the degree of B. S. In the classical course the ancient languages are given the prominence in ac- cordance with the traditional pedagogical methods of the Lutheran church of Germany, as these are best exemplified by the German gymnasium work, the conviction being entertained by the authorities that the thorough study of the classical languages constitutes the best basis to achieve that mental drill and development which it is the chief object of a college to furnish. But side by side with the work in the classical languages, the other depart- ments, those of mental and moral sciences, of the English language and literature, of mathematics, of history, etc., all receive their proper attention. Chiefly for practical reasons special attention is paid to the German, as the great majority of the congregations of the synod of Ohio, for whom the insti- tution aims to prepare thoroughly equipped pastors, are either entirely or partly German. The scientific course was opened in the year 1895 in re- sponse to a request of the alumni. It purposes to teach the natural sciences thoroughly and from the point of view that in this department too the fear of God is the beginning of wisdom.
In connection with the college there is also a preparatory department, the purpose of which is to give a solid English education, to lay the founda- tion for a thorough study of the classics, mathematics, German and the sciences, and especially to lead up to the regular collegiate course. The course extends over two years.
The college was formerly situated in the old Capital University build- ing, now Northern Hotel, north of the depot in Columbus, but in 1876 moved to a new locality east of Columbus, just beyond the city limits, but connected with it by two street car lines. The college grounds are about three miles from the center of the city. The large building erected when the change
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took place is used solely as a dormitory, society hall, etc., while a new build- ing erected in 1891 contains the recitation rooms, library, chapel, labora- tory, etc. The college campus includes eighteen acres. Opposite the campus is the college church with a regularly organized congregation and regular services in German and English. A combined auditorium and gymnasium was erected in 1905-06.
The original incorporators were: James Manning, C. G. Schweizerbarth, Christian Spielmann, Christopher Albrecht, John Leist, Jacob Beck, Gustavus Machold and Lewis Heyl. Trustees of said seminary, Samuel Galloway, Henry Stanbery, Lincoln Goodale, Samuel M. Smith, George M. Parsons, Thomas Sparrow, John P. Bruck, Thomas Roberts, Matthew Good- ing and Fernando C. Kelton, of Franklin county; George W. Boerstler, of Fairfield county; Andrew Henkel and Emanuel Gebhart, of Montgomery county ; Henry Lang, of Sandusky county; Emanuel Greenwald and John Minnich, of Tuscarawas county; Dewalt Rothacker, Augustus B. Bierde- mann and Jacob Stemple, of Carroll couny; Henry Everhard, of Stark county, in this state; and Jonas Mechling and John Zimmermann, of West- moreland county, in the state of Pennsylvania.
The Course of Instruction consists of a Department of Latin, Prepar- atory Department, College Department, Department of Greek, Department of English Language and Literature, Department of German, Philosophy, Mathematics, Department of Natural Sciences, Department of History, De- partment of Religious Instruction, Department of Music, Drawing and Department of Public Speaking. The Rev. W. Schmidt, of Canton, Ohio, who had projected the Theological Seminary there brought with him the idea and eventually established the university in the eastern suburb of the city. The Rev. Louis H. Schuh is the president and head of the faculty of the university.
THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.
The Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College, Columbus, was founded on a grant made under an act of congress approved July 2, 1862, donating lands to the several states and territories which might provide colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts. Under the provisions of this act any state in order to receive and retain the grant of land or scrip must within five years provide "at least one college where the leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts" in such a manner as the legislature of the state may prescribe "in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions of life."
The above designation of the institution continued until 1878, when, after various changes in boards, and slow progress toward its destined ends, it took its present title "The Ohio University," and the shackles of school restrictions and limitations. In January, 1871, another long discussion arose in the board, and after many opinions and shades of opinion had de- veloped, the report of a special committee on the subject was adopted, which,
ARMORY AND GYMNASIUM OF OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.
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as it is the basis of the educational organization of the institution, is here given in full:
The committee to which have been referred the various propositions re- lating to the course of study in our institution beg leave to report, as indi- cating the general scope to be ultimately embraced, without going into de- tails, and principally with a view of guiding us in the construction of our buildings, the following schedule of the departments, to serve as a basis in the organization of the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College: Depart- ment of Agriculture; Department of Mechanic Arts; Mathematics and Physics; General and Applied Chemistry; Geology, Mining and Metallurgy; Zoology and Veterinary Science; Botany, Horticulture, Vegetable Physi- ology, etc; English Language and Literature; Modern and Ancient Lan- guages ; Department of Political Economy and Civil Polity.
This plan or schedule was substantially that of Joseph Sullivant, of Columbus, one of the trustees, who had brought it before the board at a pre- vious meeting and had labored long and earnestly to establish the projected institution on the broadest basis consistent with the terms of the congres- sional grant. The action of the trustees shows that at the outset a middle course was adopted and that, while on the one hand the institution was not made merely an agricultural college, neither were agriculture and the mechanic arts relegated to the background, as in some of the colleges founded on the grant of 1862. The aim was "to teach the farmer and the mechanic their trades and also to educate them."
After the scope of the college had thus been determined and while the main building was in process of erection the trustees undertook the selec- tion of a president and faculty. After careful consideration of many names, Edward Orton, Ph. D., then president of Antioch College, was elected presi- dent and professor of geology. By September, 1873, when the college threw open its doors for the reception of students, a faculty of seven members in addition to the president had been elected to fill the following chairs: Geology, physics and mechanics, general and applied chemistry, English and modern languages, agriculture, mathematics, zoology, ancient languages.
The institution grew steadily, however, and all apparent as well as real difficulties were adjusted, the educational scope of the institution was broad- ened and expanded until it ranks favorably with the kindred institutions of the continent. In 1874 a reorganization of the board of trustees was made by the legislature by which the number of members was reduced to five, appointable by the governor, and holding office for five years each. Again, in 1877, organization was changed so that as in the first board there should be one member from each congressional district in the state, and each men- ber should hold his office for six years. Finally, in 1878, the general as- sembly again reorganized the institution and provided for a board of seven trustees, to be appointed by the governor and to hold office for seven years each. after the first appointments, which later were to be so made that the term of one member should expire each year.
By this same act of the legislature the name of the institution was changed from the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College to Ohio State
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University. The reasons for this change of name were set forth by Presi- dent Orton in an earlier report in which he advised and asked the change as follows: "Those who take their estimate of the institution from its title alone are sure that it has nothing in its courses which they desire, while some who judge the college from its its generous range and scope of its courses of study are sure that it is proving false to a narrow purpose which they deduce from its title." The labors of President Orton, after these reor- ganizations, or rather adjustments, bore fruits worthy the laborer, and the great institution, with its splendid buildings and well poised faculty; its museum and archaelogical trophies; its rare library treasures in art and literature bespoke the higher destiny that awaits.
The presidents of the institution have been: Edward Orton LL. D .; W. O. Scott, D. D .; William H. Scott, LL. D .; James H. Canfield, D. D .; William O. Thompson, D.D., LL. D.
The faculty of 1873 was thus constituted : Edward Orton, LL. D., President and Professor of Geology; T. C. Mendenhall, LL. D., Professor of Physics and Mechanics; Sidney A. Norton, LL. D., Professor of Chemistry; Joseph Milliken, A. M., Professor of Modern Languages; N. S. Townshend, M. D .. Professor of Agriculture; R. W. McFarland, A. M., Professor of Mathematics and Civil Engineering; J. H. Wright, A. M., Assistant Pro- fessor of Ancient Languages; A. H. Tuttle, M. SC., Professor of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy.
The present faculty consists of : William Oxley Thompson, President; Thomas Corwin Mendenhall, Emeritus Professor of Physics; Sidney Augustus Norton, Emeritus Professor of Chemistry; Robert White MeFar- land. Emeritus Professor of Civil Engineering; Stillman W. Robinson, Emeritus Professor of Mechanical Engineerng; William Henry Scott. Pro- fessor of Philosophy; Nathaniel Wright Lord, Professor of Metallurgy and Mineralogy, Director of the School of Mines; Samuel Carroll Derby, Pro- fessor of Latin; William Rane Lazenby, Professor of Horticulture and Forestry; Josiah Renick Smith, Professor of the Greek Language and Liter- ature ; Henry Adam Weber, Professor of Agricultural Chemistry; Benjamin Franklin Thomas, Professor of Physics, and State Sealer of Weights and Measures: George Wells Knight, Professor of American History and Politi- cal Science and of Law; Rosser Daniel Bohannan, Professor of Mathe- matics; Albert Martin Bleile, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology; Wil- liam Ashbrook Kellerman, Professor of Botany (died March 8, 1908) ; George Beecher Kauffman, Professor of Pharmacy and Dean of the College of Pharmacy; Benjamin Lester Bowen, Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures: Joseph Villiers Denney, Professor of English and Dean of the College of Arts, Philosophy and Science; Allen Campbell Barrows, Pro- fessor of English (died January 19, 1908) ; Edward Orton, Jr., Professor of Clay-Working and Ceramics; Emilius Oviatt Randall, Professor of Law: William Thomas Magruder, Professor of Mechanical Engineering; Edgar Benton Kinkead, Professor of Law; William Herbert Page, Professor of Law; William McPherson, Professor of Chemistry; Joseph Nelson Bradford. Professor of Architecture; David Stuart White, Professor of Veterinary Med-
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icine, and Dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine; Herbert Osborn, Professor of Zoology and Entomology, and Director of the Lake Laboratory ; Olive Jones, Librarian; Henry Curwen Lord, Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Emerson MeMillin Observatory; Frank Edwin Sanborn, Pro- fessor of Industrial Arts and Director of the Department; Frank Arnold Ray, Professor of Mine Engineering; John Allen Shauck, Professor of Law, Captain George L. Converse, U. S. A. (Retired), Professor of Military Science and Tactics; John Wright Decker, Professor of Dairying (died June 20, 1907) ; Embury Asbury Hitchcock, Professor of Dairying (died Engineering; Francis Cary Caldwell, Professor of Electrical Engineering; Charles Smith Prosser, Professor of Geology; John Adams Bownocker, Professor of Inorganic Geology and Curator of the Museum; Wilbur Henry Siebert, Professor of European History; Christopher Elias Sherman, Pro- fessor of Civil Engineering; Charles Sumner Plumb, Professor of Animal Husbandry; William W. Boyd, Professor of School Administration and Dean of the College of Education; Septimus Sisson, Professor of Compar- ative Anatomy; Homer Charles Price, Professor of Rural Economics and Dean of the College of Agriculture and Domestic Science; Lewis Addison Rhoades, Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures; Edmund Both- well Dillon, Professor of Law; James M. Butler, Professor of Law; Wade H. Ellis (resigned January 1, 1908), Professor of Law; James E. Hagerty, Professor of Economics and Sociology; David R. Major, Professor of Psychology; Charles Bradfield Morrey, Professor of Bacteriology; Gilbert Holland Stewart, Professor of Law; Joseph H. Outhwaite (died January 1, 1908), Professor of Law and Dean of the College of Law; Frank Harvey Eno, Professor of Municipal Engineering; Alfred Vivian, Professor of Agri- cultural Chemistry ; Emily Eaton Bracken, Professor of Art; James Ells- worth Boyd, Professor of Mechanics; Thomas Ewing French, Professor of Engineering Drawing; Arthur Gillett McCall, Professor of Agronomy ; George Washington Rightmire, Professor of Law; II. Shindle Wingert, Di- rector of Physical Education for Men; Oscar Erf, Professor in Dairying; Frank Pierrepont Graves, Professor of the History and Philosophy of Edu- cation ; Frederick Rupert Marshall, Professor of Animal Husbandry; Henry Russell Spencer, Professor of American History and Political Science; Alonzo Hubert Tuttle, Professor of Law; Ruth Aimee Wardall, Professor of Domestic Sciences; Lewis C. Laylin, Professor of Law; Carmi A. Thompson .. Professor of Law; George Washington McCoard, Associate Professor of Mathematics; Arthur Winfred Hodgman, Associate Professor of the Class- ical Languages; William Edwards Henderson, Associate Professor of Chem- istry; Joseph Russell Taylor, Associate Professor of English; Charles 1. Bruce, Associate Professor of the Romance Languages; Charles William Foulk, Associate Professor of Chemistry; John H. Schaffner, Associate Pro- fessor of Botany; James Stewart Hine, Associate Professor of Zoology and Entomology; Francis Leroy Landacre, Associate Professor in Zoology and Entomology; Wallace S. Elden, Associate Professor of the Classical Lan- guages; Denny Hammond Udall, Associate Professor of Veterinary Medi- cine; Oscar V. Brumley, Associate Professor of Veterinary Medicine: Mat-
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thew Brown Hammond, Associate Professor of Economics and Sociology; James McIlvaine Phillips, Associate Professor of Veterinary Medicine; Gustavus Adolphus Anderegg, Associate Professor of Electrical Engineer- ing; Virginia Babb, Associate Professor of Domestic Art; Clair Albert Dye, Associate Professor of Pharmacy; Karl Dale Swartzel, Associate Professor of Mathematics; George Burridge Viles, Associate Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures; Edward Elsworth Sommermeier, Associate Pro- fessor of Metallurgy and Mineralogy; Harry Waldo Huhn, Associate Professor of Mathematics; Frederick Edward Kester, Associate Professor of Physics; J. Warren Smith, Lecturer on Meteorology; William Lucius Graves, Assistant Professor of English; Charles Lincoln Arnold, Assistant Professor of Mathematics; George H. McKnight, Assistant Professor of English; Vernon Morelle Shoesmith, Associate Professor of Agronomy; William Ab- ner Knight, Assistant Professor of Machine-Shop Practice; Thomas Harvey Haines, Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Psychological Laboratory; Vernon H. Davis, Assistant Professor of Horticulture and Forestry; Horace Judd, Assistant Professor of Experimental Engineering; Edwin F. Coddington, Assistant Professor of Mechanics; Edgar Shugert Ingraham, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages; Robert F. Earhart, Assistant Professor of Physics; Thomas Kenyon Lewis, Assistant Professor of Engineering Drawing; Edgar Holmes McNeal, Assistant Professor of European History; William Lloyd Evans, Assistant Professor of Chemistry ; Fayette Avery Mckenzie, Assistant Professor of Economics and Sociology; Carson Samuel Duncan, Assistant Professor of English; George David Hub- bard, Assistant Professor of Geology; Roy K. Schlafly, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering; Arthur Ernest Davies, Assistant Professor of Philosophy; John Christie Duncan, Assistant Professor of Economics and Sociology; Berthold August Eisenlohr, Assistant Professor of the Germanic Languages and Literatures ; Albert D. Fitzherald, Assistant Professor of Comparative Anat- omy and Pathology; Robert Fiske Griggs, Assistant Professor of Botany; Walter Thompson Peirce, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages; John Bowker Preston, Assistant Professor of Mathematics; Samuel Eugene Rasor, Assistant Professor of Mathematics; James Renwick Withrow, Assistant Pro- fessor of Chemistry; Frederic Columbus Blake, Assistant Professor of Physics; Charles St. John Chubb, Assistant Professor of Architecture; John Herman Hunt, Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering; Ross C. Purdy, Assistant Professor of Clayworking and Ceramics; May Rebecca Laver, As- sistant Professor of Art; Carl Ridgon, Assistant Professor of Experimental Engineering; Bertha M. Hopkins, Director of Physical Education for Women; William C. Mills, Curator of Archaeology.
First Degrees-The following baccalaureate degrees are conferred at graduation upon those who have successfully completed the regular courses leading to such degrees and who have fulfilled all other requirements of the university: Bachelor of Arts; Bachelor of Science in Agriculture ; Bachelor of Science in Horticulture and Forestry; Bachelor of Science in Domestic Science; Bachelor of Science in Education; Bachelor of Science in Chemi- cal Engineering; Bachelor of Science in Industrial Arts; Bachelor of Science
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in Pharmacy; Ceramic Engineer; Civil Engineer; Civil Engineer in Arch- itecture; Engineer of Mines ; Mechancal Engineer; Mechanical Engineer in Electrical Engineering; Bachelor of Laws; Doctor of Veterinary Medicine;
Higher Degrees-In the College of Arts, Philosophy and Science : Master of Arts; Doctor of Philosophy. Advanced degrees are also given for graduate work in the technical colleges. The comparison of these different faculties indicates wonderful growth of the institutions.
1817-OHIO STATE LIBRARY-1909. By Whom Established.
The Ohio State Library was established by Governor Thomas Worthing- ton in the year 1817. For several years previous to that time the need of such a library had been discussed. There was no provision for the preserva- tion of regular sets of the laws and journals, nor any authorized place of deposit for maps, laws, documents or journals, which might be sent from other states. The general assembly which met December 2, 1816, appro- priated three thousand five hundred dollars as a contingent fund for the governor in 1817. In the summer of that year Governor Worthington made a visit to cities in the eastern states for the purpose of investigating the plans of management in practice for penitentiaries and other state institutions. While in Philadelphia, he determined to purchase a collection of books for the establishment of a state library in Ohio. On his return to Columbus he authorized the fitting up of a room over the auditor's office in the south end of the state office building, then on High street, just south of the avenue to the west entrance of the state house. He had deposited therein the books he had selected and had them arranged on shelves.
When the sixteenth general assembly met in December, 1817, the gov- ernor reported in, detail the steps he had taken for the founding of a state library. In his message, which was read to the general assembly, December 2, 1817, Governor Worthington said: "The fund made subject to my control by the last general assembly, besides paying the ordinary demands upon it and for articles mentioned in the resolution of the legislature of January 28, 1817, has enabled me to purchase a small but valuable collection of books, which are intended as a commencement of a library for the state. In the performance of this act I was guided by what I conceived the best interest of the state, by placing within the reach of the representatives of the people such information as will aid them in the discharge of the important duties they are delegated to perform."
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