USA > Ohio > Summit County > Centennial history of Summit County, Ohio and representative citizens > Part 2
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Koonse, Henry 687
Koplin. Christian.
340
MeCausland, James C .. 848
Middleton, Jesse
Kreighbaugh, Hiram F. 672
MeChesney, Frederick W 1090
Miles, Lucius C ..
Kuhlke, Frederick
804
Kuhn, Luther A.
712
Ladd, Hon. Charles G. 313
McConnell, Isaac S.
614
Laffer, James M .. 452
McCourt. P. T.
944
Miller, Jonas F
Lalır, William H.
674
McEbright, Dr. Thomas. 255
Miller, Perry R.
:
PAGE
Kauffman, L. M. 1083
Lodge, Ralph H. 940
Mallison, Albert H. 436
Keller, W. L., AL.D. 762
Kemery, John. S6G
Loeb. Louis. . 598
Kempel, C. A. 885
Lombard, Nathaniel. 384
Marshall, Willis G.
Lusk, Alfred G .. 444
Lyder, Dr. John W 258
Lyman, A. E.
Koch, Jacob. 383
Kohler, Albert A., M.D 999
Kohler, Hon. Jacob .\
McClellan, William A
McClure, Samuel \\'
264
17
INDEX
PAGE
Moore, Samuel 731
Payne, John W. 900
Robinson, Robert.
Moore, William
451
Peck, Edward R ..
815
Rockwell, F. J
270
Morgan, Charles R. 473
Peebles, Robert R. 441
Rockwell, F. W. 376
Morgan, Crannell
952
Perkins, Charles E. 1110
Morris, Mordecai J
1079
Perkins, Col. George T 1019
Perkins, Col. Simon
325
Morse, Nathan
318
Morton, C. H.
566
Morton, William A.
543
Mottinger, Arthur S 270
Motz, John 483
Pettitt, Nathaniel.
$45
Roepke, Edward.
894
Munn Brothers 696
Pettitt, Willis E.
454
Roethig, Ferdinand J
437
Munn, Abram C. 696
Pfeiffer, Frank
573
Munn, Amos R 696
Pfeiffer, Frederick 573
Roethig, William W 604
Rogers, Edward F.
Myers, Alphens 585
Pflueger, George A.
735
Rogers, George W
290
Myers, Harvey A 585
Pflueger, J. E. 354
Rogers, Norman.
Myers, Henry 472
$73
Myers, Joel. 606
Myers, Samttel.
606
Post, William M. 983
Poulson, James M. 271
Root, George H.
Rose, George 915
Rose, John. 915
Rothrock, Amos A 421
Rowley, Arthur J.
Rowley, Enoch 416
Nerhood, Amos. 560
Nerhood, Isaac ..
559
Nesbit, Alexander. 302
Neuman, M. M 505
Putterill Brothers.
405
Noland, James D
1020
Noland, James P 1020
Nolte, Frank
508
Quine, C. R.
Sackett, Clark. 595
Sackett, Clark A 595
Sackett, George. 375
Sackett, W. A., M. D.
906
Olin, Samuel. . 575
Rankin, Irving C., M. D. 899
O'Marr, Daniel 675
Ranney, Jake L. . 694
Ranney, Luther K 827
Ranney, Moses 694
Rattle, William ..
446
Salisbury, Chancv. . 1047
Sanford, Hon. Henry C. 311
Sanford, Ransome M. 1025
Sanders, Col. Wilbur F 263
Sawyer, William T 317
Scheck, Christopher. 624
Schnabel, Charles W 431
Schnabel, George Philip 392
Schnabel. Philip R 430
Schott. Louis .. 724
459
Palmer, J. Dwight. 1111
Palmer, Josiah 795
Rhodes, Thomas .. 1065
713
Scott, L. H ..
645
Palmer, Richard F
578
Richey, Jacob F. J 528
Scudder, Walter ..
Searl, William A., M. D. 610
Parker, David L.
1011
Richey. Thomas 528
Ries. Frederick.
721
Seedhouse, Edwin. 671
Parks, Charles T
771
Ritchie, George G. S17
Paul, A. J.
614
Ritchie, Thomas P. 817
772
Paul, George ..
681
Robinson, B. W 1012
857
Seiberling, John F. 326
Paul, Robert S.
603
Robinson, Elmer
Paul, T. Dwight. 812
Robinson, Henry 992
Seiberling, Milton A ¥11
Seiberling, Wilson F 642
Paulus, James B. 922 Robinson, Leonard 787
Rogers, Samuel G. 312
Rohrbacher, A. C. 470
Rook, William H. 1002
Root, Frank Lewis. $53
Nash, Hophni. 921
Priest, Rev. Ira A
454
Prickett, Samuel H
792
Neale, A. S.
Neale, John. 708
Prior, Frank S.
462
Prior, Henry W.
295
Rowley, William. 416
Ruckel, Alhert H 663
Ruckel, Clinton. 1095
Ruckel, George W
€92
Putterill, Edward
405
Putterill, Thomas.
405
Olin, Alonzo B 575
Rabe, James W., M. D. 755
Olin, John G. 575
Rankin, George T., Jr .. M. D ... 459
Sackett, William C .. 906
Sackmann, Walter L 016
Sadler, O. L. 004
Sadler, Rollin W. 267
Orr, James W 882
Rattle, William J 446
Rawson, Levi 972
Raymond, C. B. 793
Read, Matthew C. 272
Reagle, Daniel 986
Reagle, Jacob A .. 986
Ream, Capt. Frederick K. 952
Reed, Frank C., M. D 408
Reed, Hiram .. 400
Renner, George J 438
Replogle, Mark A 480
Schumacher, Ferdinand.
Scott, Dr. Daniel A
Palmer, Lewis S. 795
Richey, Andrew F
Richey, Andrew K 528
Scudder, Arthur W.
Parker, T. M., Sr
Seiberling, Charles W 457
Seiberling, Francis.
Seiberling, Frank A. 143
Paul, Edward W.
604
Roach, Alhert E.
Palmer, C. H. 898
Palmer, Ebenezer 982
Schneider, P. H
Otis, Ellsworth E 289
Oviatt, Benjamin. 863
Oviatt, Edward 268
Oviatt, L. H .. 863
Oviatt, Loran L. 507
PACK
PAGE
Rodd, Robert J. 641
Rodd, William J. 641
Rodenbangh, Abraham. . 355
Rodenbaugh, Bert, M. D. 1113
Peterson, Dr. James H 2258
Petersen .A. 505
Rodenbangh, Norman F., M. D. 384 Roeger, Charles. .
726
Pettitt, Charles $45
Roeger, George W.
726
Roethig, Harrison T. 437
Munn, Hiram. 696
Pflueger, Ernest A 486
Plumer, George 841
Polsky, A 465
Post, Frederick R. 983
Powell, William J 1066
Prior, Emory A
204
Prior, Simeon
293
Prior. William.
295
Noah, A. H .. 788
O'Neil, M. 410
O'Neil, William J 392
Oplinger, Augustus O 1009
Otis, Edward P 289
Saalfield, Arthur James. 42%
794
Myers, I. S.
Nash, Capt. Sumner 921
731
Morriss, Aaron
Perkins, Gen. Simon. 327
Seiberling, Hon. Gustavus 1053
Palmer, William N
1072
18
INDEX
Sell. D. Ilenry.
Spencer. W. A.
Teeple, J. Frank.
Senn, Charles.
795
Sperry, Henry B. 494
Theiss. F. B ..
306
Senter, James B.
465
Spielman, Andrew A. 955
Thomas, Charles E. 871
Senter, John
465
Spriggle, Frank. 587
Stahl, Charles H. 257
Thomas, George C. 871
Thomas, John 661
Seward, John W
634
Stanford, George.
.854
Thompson. Benjamin F 362
Seward, Louis D
296
Stanford, George
853
Thompson, Dr. Moses. 1099
Seybold, Louis
350
Stanford, Jame
Thompson, Otis Reed. 362
Thompson, Sherman P 1099
Thompson, Sylvester. 1100
Shaw. Bert L
Starr. Simon.
470
Thompson, Virgil 409
Shaw, E. C ..
904
Stauffer, Reuben
¥11
Thornton, Aaron
652
Shaw, Frank J.
570
Stebick, T. J.
763
Thornton, Harvey
6522
Shaw. George A
555
Steele, Henderson
613
Tibbals. Hon. Newell D
305
Shaw. Harvey F
705
Stecle, Isaac.
615
Tifft, John D.
858
Shaw, Merwin.
570
Steele. St. Clair.
924
Tifft, Smith
858
Shaw, W. Il.
705
Steese. Abraham.
1036
Tobin. W. T ..
514
Sheldon, C. E. 745
Steese, Alexande
1056
Tod, Hon. David.
741
Sherbondy, Frederick G. 52>
Steigner, William
932
Todd. Harry D., M. D.
604
Sherbondy. Harry Nelson. 933
Stein, Daniel P.
626
Tracy, Benjamin
1113
Shirey, J. L., M. D. 804
Stein, Harvey F
538
Treash, Philip B.
286
Shoemaker, W. Lewis 826
Stein, Henry
626
Treman, Milan.
617
Shook, George A.
946
Stelzer. A. J
950
Triplett, Austin J.
355
Shook. Solomon E
424
Stettler, James A
564
Triplett, John. . 35G
Short, Wade G.
283
Stettler, William.
565
Triplett, William
356
Shumaker. M. B.
728
Stipe. Frank G
427
Shumaker. William
725
Stocker. Philip
487
Shriber. George W. 698
Stone, N. C ..
371
Sicherman, Armin. M. D. 1019
Stone, Nelson B.
401
Sieber, Hon. George W 298
Stoner, Willian H. .
461
Sippy. Asher F., M. D
Stotler, Sherman B.
449
Skinner, Bradford W. 549
Stratton, Preston D.
782
Slabaugh, Watson E. 288
Strobel, George. 537
Strobel, Lorenzo.
537
Smcad. George A 1114
Strobel, William
Underwood, Ira L. .
858
Smith, Alonzo.
1066
Underwood, Warren J., M. D. 477
Smith, David C.
332
Stroh, Henry 714
Upson, Anson. 628
Smith, Fred E. 774
Stroman, Charles Ilenry 1023
Stroman. John. 1023
Upson. Philo B. 365
Smith. James Albert 53%
624
Stubbs, George J. $51
Upson, Reuben 366
Smith, Lewis.
342
Stuhldreher, Augustus F 423
Upson, Hon. William H
272
Smith, William H.
341
Stump, Elmer E. 751
Snyder, Abraham
Stump. Ephraim 590
Stump, Hiram.
559
Snyder, Harvey A .. M. D.
874
Stump. Jacob.
590
Snyder, Hiram F
583
Stump, John. .
590
Vallen, Durastus. 619
Vandersall, William L 911
Van Horn. Milton A 460
Van Horn. Robert. 460
Snyder. Michael
583
Swartz, J. V.
485
Snyder, Mrs. Susannah 1015
457
Swigart. Aaron A.
542
Snyder. William E.
299
Swigart. Charles H 596
Viall, George
328
Sorrick, John W., M. D
1082
Swigart, George. 516
Viall. John F
563
Souers, David
910
Swigart, George A
516
Viall, Otis K.
563
Souers, William
910
Swigart, Homer A.
517
Viall, Sullivan
472
Sowers. John.
336
Swigart. Joseph. 542
Viele. Henry C .. 959
Spangler, Charles S
$26
Switzer. Charles 912
Vogt, Christian
1086
Spangler, Irvin H.
Spangler, Toseph.
584
Taylor, Daniel 496
Vogt, Henry .. 623
Sparhawk, Arthur.
Taylor, H. H. 736
Vongunton, Gottlieb 1110
Sparhawk. Harvey A 676
Taylor, Theodore. 496
Voris, Hon. Alvin C. 30G
Voris. Edwin F. 305
Spaulding. Rufus P 262 Teeple. Aaron 397
Vallen, Abel. 619
Snyder. Jacob A. 1049
Snyder, John G.
1015
Snyder, Maurice G. 370
Swain, Forest.
693
Vanghan, John R. 313
Sweitzer. Louis S., M. D.
981
Vaughan, William T 312 Viall, Fred S. 466
Viall, Sylvester G. 471
Spade. Calvin.
554
Swinehart. J. A 353
Vogan. F. Daton 764
Vogt, Daniel 682
Spangler. Joseph,
826
Thomas, David J .. 661
Serfass, Peter
638
Seward, Amos
634
Stall, A. H., M. 1) .46
Shaffer, Frederick N 996
Starr. George
469
Shaw, Arthur R
1106
Starr, John J.
Turner, Robert. 380
Tweed, Fred W'
508
Underwood, E. S., M. D ... . .. 474
Slater. J. D.
Stroh, Freeman W
714
Upson, Edwin. 628
Smith, George E .. 1066
Stuart, Hon. E. W. 299
Upson, Rufus P 626
Smith, John.
Tryon, Charles 703
Tryon, Jesse. 703
Tschantz, Charles 697
537
Snyder, George M. 457
Sturgeon, Samuel Il., M1. 1) 983 Sullivan, James 831
Snyder, Thomas T.
PAGE 275
PAGE
19
INDEX
PAGE
PAGE
Wadsworth, George H.
. 1054
Weeks, Frederick H.
PAGE 1010
Wise. Daniel
913
Waggoner, William.
513
Weidener, Charles A.
Wise, Harvey .1.
573
Wagoner, George
372
Weimer, Adam ..
718
Wise, llenry ..
Wagoner, Henry L
722
Weimer, Henry H
₹18
Wise, Louis J., M.D). 762
Wagoner, Philip
372
Welton, Allen
893
Wise, Norman.
893
Wagoner, William H
529
Werner, Paul E.
811
Wisc. W. G.
438
Wainwright, Walter
748
Wesener, Joseph E.
883
WVitner, Urias C .. 1099
Wakeman, T. W
299
West, H. A.
794
Wolcott, Christopher P'
Waldkirch, John.
926
Wetmore, Charles B. .
564
Wolt, Fred W.
911
Walker, Richard B.
801
Wetmore, Edwin.
564
Wolf, John. .
843
Wallace, Hiram H
901
Wetmore, Silas. .
364
Wolfsperger, Walter R
783
Wallace, James W
002
Weygandt, John F
334
Wood, Alfred
599
Walsh, John W
766
Weygandt, Jonathan
35-4
Wood, Benjamin
599
Walsh, William
*66
White, Abia ..
688
Wood, Frederick.
Walters. William
971
White, John W
595
Waltz, David.
597
White, Milo ..
685
Wood, Thomas
. 1005
Waltz, Frank
758
White, Walter A.
705
Wood, William
1005
Waltz, Madison.
397
Whitman, John.
Woods, A. T., M. D.
378
Wannamaker, Hon. R. MI
314
Whitman, John .
580
Woolf, Clark E.
Warburton, Joseph, M.D
636
Whitmore. George T
1043
Worden. Lynn
609
Ware, Israel
539
Whitney, Joseph A. P
300
Work, Alanson
419
Warner, Adam K
885
Wiekline, Charles W
551
Work, Gerald S.
764
Warner, C. C.
342
Wigley, Joseph
Worron. George H
43%
Warner, Frank
Wilcox, Frank .1
896
Wright, Dr. Amos
665
Warner, John ..
921
Wilcox, Orlando
Wright, Col. George M. 279
Warner, John A
Wildes, W. J
Wright, Francis H 664
Warner. John J.
713
Williams, Harry
934
697
Warner, Milton H
435
Williams, John K.
926
Wright, Hon. Thomas
1029
Warner, Solomon
435
Wills, W. J
557
Wunderlich, Frederick
576
Warner, William A
920
Warner, W. Wallace
486
Wilson, R. M. 916
Yeager, Joseph
493
Waters, Lorenzo Dow
269
Windsor, John T.
686
Watters, Charles H.
1012
Windsor, William, Jr
685
Way. Ezra.
370
Way, Joseph.
375
Winkler,
385
Zeller, George
623
Way, Loren.
372
Winter, William H
:11
Ziliox, Samuel F 803
Weber, John C ..
4-42
Winum, Joseph
Zimmerly Brothers. 668
Weber, John H., M.I)
178
Wise, Byron P. 444
Zindel, Fred. 539
Weeks, Arthur J
387 Wise. Charles E. 913 Zwisler. Clarence MI 666
Wright,
Warner, Samuel.
1074
Williamson, Julius O
825
Warner, Samuel
877
Williamson, Palmer
825
Wuchter, William 1029
Wills, J. M 552
Waterman, Lawson
892
Wilson, W. E ..
1086
Young, William E.
317
Ware, Norman 539
Whittemore, F. E.
286
Work. B. G.
Warner, Henry
927
Wilcox, H. C.
970
Wright, Elizur.
284
557
Wuchter, George W'
Zeller, Fred ( 774
Winegerter, Dr. Joseph. 752
Wood. Frederick C.
Index of Views
Akron Brewing Company's Plant, Akron, The. 112
Akron City Hall SS
Goodrich, B. F. Company, Akron 150
Akron City Hospital and Nurses' Home 258
Hamilton Building, Akron 112
Akron Public Library 96
J. O. O. F. Building, Akron 250
In Perkins Park 456
Adolph Avenue, Looking Sonth. 96
Entrance to Akron Rural Cemetery 106
Entrance to Grace Park 106
Market House, Akron 150
From West of the Canal-1833 42
Masonic Temple, Akron 126
From West of the Canal-1904 42
Moody & Thomas Mill, Peninsula 870
Nursery, Mary Day, Akron 126
Old Maid's Kitchen, The Gorge 106
American Cereal Mills 52
Post Office, Akron
96
RESIDENCES-
Andrews, James H 76
Baldwin, Harvey 136
Baughinan, Reuben B. 700
Campus 208
Breitenstine, John
948
Crouse Gymnasium 208
Conger, Mrs. A. L.
136
Brown, John, Home 230
Gault, Elmer A.
136
Campus, The, Hudson 42
Hoye, N. W. 456
258
Marvin, Mrs. Richard P.
C6
Mason. F. H.
258
Perkins Homestead
76
Raymond, Charles B.
258
Seiberling, Hon. Gustavus
1057
Seiberling, Milton A. 708
Warner. Milton H. 434
Work, Bertram G. 76
Work, Mrs. Etta W. ₾6
SCHOOL BUILDINGS-
Crosby School, Akron 182
Findley School, Akron 182
First High School 456
First School House 456
Fraunfelter School, Akron 86
High School, Akron S6
High School, Cuyahoga Falls 116
Kent School, Akron 182
Cuyahoga Falls-Square Showing the Churches. 116
Cuyahoga River, A View on the 116
Diamond Match Company, Akron 150
Diamond Rubber Works, Akron 150
Dobson Building, Akron 250
Fire Engine House, No. 5, Akron 52
First National Bank, Akron 250
Flatiron Building, Akron 250
Fisher Bros.' Plant, The, Akron 112
German-American Music Hall 52
52
Court House, New 456
Court House, Old 52
Miller School, Akron S6
St. Bernard's School, Akron 58
St. Mary's School, Akron 58
St. Vincent De Paul's School, Akron 126
Spicer School, Akron 182
Silver Lake Park 52
Union Depot. Akron 112
Werner Company, Plant and Office of The 160
Y. M. C. A. Building, Akron 88
Y. W. C. A. Building, Akron 456
CHURCHES-
Baptist, Akron 222
First Church of Christ
First Congregational, Akron
First Congregational, Hudson 116
First M. E., Akron
First Presbyterian, Akron 86
First Universalist, Akron
Grace Reformed, Akron 999
High Street Synagogue, Akron
St. Bernard's Catholic, Akron 38
St. Mary's Catholic, Akron 58
St. Paul's Episcopal, Akron 58
St. Vincent De Paul's Catholic, Akron 5.8
County Infirmary 106
County Jail, New
Lake Anna, Barberton 106
Lakeside, Summit Lake
96
Main Street Looking South From Market. 150
West Market Street 150
Big Falls-The Gorge 106
BUCHTEL COLLEGE VIEWS-
Academy 208
Buchtel Hall 208
Residence of the President 86
Franklin, Walter
Manton, H. B.
Children's Home, Akron 126
Glens, The, Cuyahoga Falls 116
AKRON VIEWS-
history of Summit County
CHAPTER I
TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
Description of the Physical Features of the County-Its Economic Geology-The Soil; Its Drainage and Fertility-Coal-Gas-Oil.
The surface of Summit County presents a remarkable variety. The Westerner, stand- ing in the midst of "The Plains." as the terri- tory lying north of the city of Akron used to be called, sees much to remind him of Ne- braska and Kansas. Parts of other townships are also as level, or as gently rolling, as the prairies of the West. Stand on the summit of some of the Northampton Hills, and the view reminds you of the fine seenery of New England. Ponds abound in all parts of the county. Silver Lake and Wyoga Lake are the principal ones in the northern part; Tur- key-foot Lake and Long Lake lie ensconced among the green hills in the southern town- ships; Springfield Lake is a beauty spot in the eastern part, and Shocolog Pond and White and Black Ponds diversify the west- ern portion, while Summit Lake occupies the central part of the county and gives to the citizen of Akron the advantages of a water- ing place within the very limits of his city.
Brooks and rivers flow in nearly every di- rection. Their economic uses are many. The Cuyahoga River bisects the northern half of the county and furnishes extensive water power for manufacturing purposes. In many
places its waters are diverted for irrigating purposes, and the fortunate farmers who till the land along its course fear no season of drought. In the southern part of the county the same advantages are furnished by the Tus- carawas River. These are Summit County's principal streams. They have many branches or tributaries which ramify even to the remotest corners of the county. Among others should be named Wolf Creek, Pigeon Creek. Yellow Creek, Tinker's Creek. Brandy- wine Creek, Mud Brook and Sand Run. This enumeration will give the reader some idea of the wonderful way in which this favored county is watered by running streams. In earlier times the Cuyahoga and Tusearawas rivers were navigable by boats of consider- able size. New Portage, at the southern ter- minus of the Portage Path, was the head of navigation on the Tuscarawas, while boats from Lake Erie ascended the Cuyahoga as far as Old Portage, at the northern end of the Path.
Perhaps all will agree that the most strik- ingly beautiful section of Summit County is the Cuyahoga Valley, which begins at Akron and gradually grows in depth and increases
22
HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY
in width as it approaches the northern limits of the county. In Cuyahoga County it parts with much of its beauty. Finally the hills and great bluffs cease altogether and the river, murky, muddy and ill-smelling from the con- tamination of several hundred thousand citi- zens of Cleveland, flows lazily into Lake Erie.
There is an interesting geological story con- nected with this river which will be told later on in this chapter. Another striking feature of the topography of this county is the Gorge of the Cuyahoga, which extends from Cuya- hoga Falls. a distance of about three miles west, or almost to the meeting-place of the waters of the Big and Little Cuyahoga. It
has many of the elements of beauty which characterize Watkins Glen and other famous resorts for travelers. The Gorge was caused by the erosion of the river, which now flows at the foot of precipitous eliffs, two hundred feet or more below the surface of the sur- rounding country. On both sides the land stretches away in level fashion, and the trav- eler approaches without any warning from Nature that a great chasm yawns in front of him. Suddenly he stands on the edge of the precipice, and through the interwoven branches of the hemlocks sees the foaming, tossing water far below him, in the cool depths of the Glens. About half way down the Gorge the river tumbles over a ledge of harder sandstone and makes a very pretty cascade known by the prosaic name of "Big Falls." It is a pity that so charming a spot should be called by so commonplace, if not ugly, name. At Cuyahoga Falls there are more cascades, but their beauty is largely destroyed by the factories and buildings, which line the banks of the river there. There is a remark- able variety in the flora of these glens. The procession of the flowers is uninterrupted from the first skunk-cabbage of early April to the last aster and witch-hazel blossom of late October. The oaks. the maples, the elm, the ash, many of the nut trees and several of the evergreens flourish here most luxuriantly. Only the great, dripping walls that rise sheer to the top are bare of vegetation, and even these are covered in places with mosses and
lichens, and here and there one can see a little green hemlock that has obtained a root-hold in a crevice in the cliff.
A close second in the popular choice for beauty is the famous "Lake Region," stretch- ing from the southern limits of Akron to the extreme south part of the county. The hills rise here to a considerable elevation-the highest being more than eleven hundred feet above sea level. A chain of lakes fed by springs and subterranean streams stretches north and south between them. These lakes are a legacy from the great glacier, or glaciers, which in the ice age flowed down from the north and covered all this region. These hills of sand, gravel and boulders had their birth at that period, too. In fact, the face of Sum- mit County, as we know it at the present time, is largely the result of the titanic forees of Nature, which operated during the so-called Ice Age, in North America. This is not the place to refer to the proofs that a great ice sheet did at one time cover all the northern and western portions of Ohio; it is perhaps sufficient to say that the investigations of geologists have demonstrated beyond reason- able doubt the glacial hypothesis first ad- vanced by Louis Agassiz. The terminal mo- raine which marks the southern boundary of the ice has been traced across Olio by Prof. George Frederik Wright, of Oberlin, with great accuracy. This terminal moraine is the deposit of boulders, gravel and drift which was left upon the original surface by the melting of the ice. Akron lies a few seconds north of the 41st parallel, north latitude. Be- ginning in Western New York at the 42nd parallel, the southern ice limit crosses into Pennsylvania and takes a course almost di- reetly south to Homewood, which is on the 41st parallel. It then turns almost due west and passes through Massillon, and when it reaches Mansfield it turns at an angle of ninety degrees and proceeds due south to Logan. Its course is then southwest, through Chillicothe and across the 39th parallel into Kentucky. It passes a few miles south of Cincinnati, and near Louisville it turns abruptly north and proceeds into Indiana to
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AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS
near the 40th parallel. All the land lying north of this line was covered for centuries with a river of solid ice, which was not less than 200 feet in thickness or depth, and which may have been as great as 500 or 600 feet. It is spoken of as a "river" of ice. That means it was flowing. It advanced very slowly-about a quarter of a mile each year. It required nearly a thousand years for it to cross the State of Ohio. The great Canadian boulders, which were brought by the ice from their original home in the Laurentian Hills and deposited about Cincinnati, were, per- haps, more than 2,000 years in making the journey. Is it any wonder that their sharp edges and angles were worn off and that we find them today smooth and rounded? Countless boulders of this kind are distributed over the whole surface of Summit County. No metamorphic or granite rocks occur here naturally. Our "hard-heads," as the farmers call them, were all transported, then. When detached from the parent cliffs or ledges they were all of sharp edges and possessed of many sharp angles. The grinding and rolling and abrasion to which they were subjected as the great ice river rolled them on made them smooth and rounded as we find them today.
The citizen who keeps honse nowadays will understand that ice is heavy. Perhaps it is possible to ascertain mathematically the power exerted by a moving mass of ice several hun- dred miles wide and 500 or 600 feet in thick- ness. Whether that be true or not, we can see about us the results of such tremendous forces. On Keeley's Island in Lake Erie, for instance, there are places where the pre-gla- cial limestone surface was planed off as smooth as a floor. In other places are grooves six to twenty-four inches in depth. and as wide, where a granite boulder was pushed bodily through the hard limestone, with as much ease, apparently, as though the resisting sur- face had been so much butter. So, the great ice sheet plonghed and planed its way sonth, scooping out depressions, scraping off the hills, and widening the old canyons and val- leys. When it reached the Ohio River it made a dam 500 or 600 feet high across the
Ohio valley. The dammed up waters spread out on all sides and as far back as the head- waters of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. This made a deep lake more than 400 miles long and 200 miles wide. The geolo- gists have named it Lake Ohio. The present site of Pittsburgh was then 300 feet under water. The present site of Summit County was under as many feet of solid ice. The northern shore of this lake did not extend be- vond Massillon. The Cincinnati ice-dam may have held these waters impounded for cen- turies, but, like all other lakes, there came a time when its existence must end. When the climate ameliorated, the cold of winter was no longer able to repair the ravages made on the ice by the increasing heat of the summer sun. The ice-barrier weakened and at length gave way. The imprisoned waters rushed in tremendons fury down the Ohio and Missis- sippi valleys to the sea. What a flood there must have been then !
When the recession of the ice sheet began these floods became an annual affair. Taking as a basis Professor Agassiz's figures as deter- mined by his observations in Switzerland. it is easy to estimate that from the natural melt- ing of the glacier during cach summer enough water was formed to cover the ice-free portion of the State to a depth of 40 feet. These floods. occurring annually for many years. washed great quantities of gravel and sand toward the south. Thus the great gravel hills in the southern parts of Summit County were formed. The glacier, as it ploughed its way south, uncovered subterranean water-courses and made many depressions in the surface of the land. Thus our lakes were formed. For many centuries they were supplied with water from the melting ice. slowly retreating north- ward. Since then the loss by evaporation has been replenished by rainfall and the water from bottom springs.
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