USA > Ohio > Hamilton County > Cincinnati > Cincinnati illustrated: a pictorial guide to Cincinnati and the suburbs > Part 11
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reputation for health will not long remain at the present high standard.
DRINKING FOUNTAINS (See Fountains).
DRUIDEN SÆNGER-CHOR, THE .- Was organized June 8, 1856. Its object is singing and social amusement. The Society con- sists of 38 active and 400 passive members. The officers are as follows : Elias Guthardt, President ; Henry Shaufert, Vice-Pres- ident; Adolph Saile, Secretary; Iquaz Woertz, Treasurer; Carl Barus, Musical Conductor; and Win. Fenstermacher, Assistant.
DRUIDS. - A secret benevolent order, whose rites and cere- monies are supposed to conform to those of the Ancient Druids. There are seven "Groves" and one Chapter in the City, which are under the jurisdiction of a grand State organization. The Groves will average about 75 members cach. Western Grove No. 1, Armenia Grove No. 3, Germania Grove No. 5, and Hum- boldt Chapter No. 1, meet at the Hall No. 26 West Court street. Jefferson Grove No. 4 meets at the corner of Main and Abigail streets, and Franklin Grove No. 8, at No. 469 Vine street. The Chapter holds monthly meetings, and the various Groves meet twice each month.
EAST WALNUT HILLS .- The Madisonville turnpike enters East Walnut Hills about three miles north- east of the Court House, The acquisition of some great park in the neighbor- hood had been discussed for many years before any definite plan was arrived at. Various plans were suggested but nothing was done until December 6, 1865, when the City pur- chased of the Longworth estate what was known as the Garden of Eden. It embraced 156 acres of the highlands lying between Deercreek valley and the Ohio river, and between Mount Adams and Walnut Hills. The price agreed upon was $3,000 per acre. The necessary deeds were executed on the 9th of Jan- uary, 1866. The immediate purpose of the purchase was the construction of the reservoir, but the at- THE ECLECTIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE. tention of the public was and continues thence in a northeasterly direction. The Methodist church is on the right, and adjoining the church the old Kemper homestead. This beautiful suburb is also reached by Columbia Avenue, running from the intersection of Water and Third streets along the slope of the hill. The Avenue is a hundred feet wide and well macada- mized. The drives are ex- cellent, particularly the Madisonville, the Grandin and the Linwood roads. The Grandin road especi- ally is celebrated for its numerous and beautiful views. From either side the landscape is lovely along its whole length, and thickly dotted with cottages and gardens, bright with many-colored flowers. Nearly at the extreme eastern limit quickly drawn to the opportunity presented for laying out a of this Avenue are the residence and grounds of Joseph Longworth. The art gallery, lighted exclusively from the roof, is filled with a collection of paintings chiefly from the German School, unequaled in the West. The gallery embraces some of the most valuable works of the Achenbachs and Knaus of Dusseldorf in existence. East Walnut Hills is indeed dotted over its whole length and breadth with the residences and grounds of many of the most honored citizens of Cincinnati. The surface of the land is undulating, and the rich verdure, the groves of trees, the hedges, and the trim lawns, remind the visitor of the well-kept and older English parks.
ECLECTIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE, THE .- On the northwest cor- ner of Court and Plum streets, has been in existence for 30 years. The present College was erccted in 1871, on the site of the old. It contains a hall 30 by 70 feet, and seating 300, Faculty rooms, chemists' rooms, an amphitheater, and a dissecting-room. The building is 38 by 90 feet. Abont 190 students are graduated
yearly. The course of study embraces Chemistry, Materia Medica, Physiology, Theory and Practice, Surgery, Anatomy and Obste- tries, and clinical instruction isgiven in the Cincinnati Hospital. The Winter Sessions begin on the 4th of October; the Spring, on the 1st of February. The fees, including matriculation, tui- tion, and demonstrator's ticket, are $70; and a certificate of scholarship is issued for $125, entitling the holder to attend any number of courses previous to matriculation.
EDEN PARK is the largest and the most beautiful in Cincin- nati. The grounds are laid out upon a hill, east of the City proper, and lying between the City and East Walnut Hills, with Columbia Avenue on the east, and Gilbert Avenue on the west. It contains 216 acres of beautiful rich lawn, grassy hill slopes, and valleys, penetrated in every direction by broad, smooth gravel carriage roads. To the southwest of the park there is a well stock-fenced inclosure for deer; a little below it at the summit of a gentle hill, a house for shade and refreshments, and to the east of these the two new city water reservoirs, ECLECTIC so exactly corresponding with the character of the scenery that they look ahnost like natural lakes. They have each a capacity of 100,000,000 gallons, and arc of the value of $4,247,557.
beautiful park and the improvement of the ground, with this design began in 1868. On the 8th day of January, 1869, the city couneil, by a vote of thirty-one to six, adopted a resolu- tion authorizing the purchase of additional lands, embracing twelve acres belonging to Washington McLean, for which one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars were paid; four and one fourth acres of Joseph Whittaker, for one hundred thousand dollars; and nineteen acres of the estate of Nicholas Longworth, for which the City was to pay an annual ground rent of fifty-five hundred dollars. The purchase of six acres from John Bates was also authorized, which added to the remainder of the purchases, and to the six acres of the work- house lot, made two hundred and three and a quarter acres, thus increasing the area of the park about thirty-three per cent.
The main approach is from the intersection of the Lebanon and Montgomery roads, by an Avenue one hundred feet wide, to
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Gilbert Avenue. This leads directly to the park, which is entered West. It is the most fashionable open-air gathering in the City, and the numerous well-appointed private carriages, the ladies and gentlemen upon thoroughly-groomed horses, and the well- dressed pedestrians, remind the traveler of similar scenes in the by a broad Avenue, that at once introduces the visitor to the ex- traordinary beauties of the place. Another approach is from Kemper Laue, along Nassau street, which was opened and im- proved, in the year 1869, from Kemper Lane to Gilbert Avenue ; parks of the older cities of Europe. The music enlivens it all, thence by Glade (formerly Fulton) Avenue, a newly-improved street, leading directly from Nassau street to the northern en- trance of the park. The park can also be reached from the di- rection of Gilbert Avenue by the same streets which now lead
ENTRANCE TO EDEN PARK.
up to it from Kemper Lane. There are four main avenues through the grounds, well macadamized, and then covered with gravel, smoothness being thus added to solidity. The avenues pass through the grounds in the most graceful curves; and the land being three hundred feet above the level of the river and the lower portion of the city, the views are most exquisite. The river; the miles of distant hills extending along the Kentucky side of the stream; the less remote highlands of Ohio, rolling away in multitudinous waves of improved lands; the suburbs of the city to the north and east; and the city at the foot of the hill, teeming with its busy thousands, make up a scene so fair that it may be said that the park hardly has its peer in natural situation. The lake-like reservoirs are supported by natural banks. The retaining wall, which has been thrown across the depression to make the basin, is about seven hundred feet in length and one hundred and nine feet in height from the low- est foundations. At the base, this piece of masonry is forty-
MUSIC STAND, EDEN PARK.
seven fect thick, and at the top wide enough to allow the con- struction of a carriage drive twenty feet in width. The reser- voir is rendered water-tight by a lining of concrete, one foot in thickness, composed of broken stonc. gravel, sand and cement. The water in the reservoir is twenty-five feet in depth.
During the late Spring, the Summer and the Autumn months there is musie, once or twice a week, at the music-stand in the park, and the scene is then one of the most animated in the
and so far from hushing, simply stimulates the quick flow of light and easy conversation and rippling laughter. There is no eity west of the Alleghanies, and no other occasion which brings together, under the blue skies overhead, so large an as- semblage of the representatives of beauty and wealth, adorned with all the elegancies of cultivation and refinement.
EDUCATION, BOARD OF .- The Board of Education manages the Public Schools, and has final jurisdiction over the Public Library, where it has its office. W. H. Mussey, M.D., is Presi- dent; II. Garlick, Vice-President ; and B. O. M. DeBeck, Clerk. The following is the roll of members for the present year : 1st Ward, C. C. Archer, H. Garlick ; 2d, Charles Bird, W. H. Mus- sey, M.D. ; 3d, Louis Massmann, Jr., J. II. Rendigs ; 4th, Wm. J. O'Neil, Daniel Finn; 5th, Samuel Bailey, Jr., Thomas McLaugh- lin; 6th, John Hurley, John Frey ; 7th, F. Raine, Wm. Kuhn; 8th, Thomas McFeely, M.D., H. J. Bereus; 9th, W. B. Davis, M.D., W. H. Falls, M.D .; 10th, R. Bingman, George A. Bauer ; 11th. T. Horstman, L. C. Frintz; 12th, Vincent Hess, Herman Eckel; 13th, Henry Brockmann, George Kreh; 14th, Charles II. Stephens, Henry Bohling; 15th, J. W. Underhill, M.D., J. A. Remley ; 16th, J. B. Callahan, Henry Alf; 17th, Isaac Simon, C. J. Jenner: 18th, G. C. Wilson, Jas. Brown ; 19th, Ferdinand Puttmann. Thos. F. Shay; 20th, J. M. Ryan, J. H. Marrow; 21st, J. Fischer, W. B. Morrow; 22d, Thomas Davies, John Rothan; 23d, Henry R. Landmeier, H. Behrens; 24th, I. C. Wiltsee, Isaae Adler ; 25th, A. M. Streng, C. A. Miller.
ELLISTON is a pretty village on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railway, midway between Glendale and Jones stations. It is about 17 miles from the city.
ELM STREET CLUB-Instituted in 1877 for social purposes. It now numbers about 400 members. It was originally a club of young brewers, but its influence becoming extended, local poli- ticians sought membership, and all trades and professions are now represented. The club rooms are conveniently fitted up for general purposes, and are located on Elm street, near McMick- en Avenue.
EIGHTH STREET PARK, THE .- Is simply a fenced gravel walk, bordered by turf, and protected by shade trees. Benches are placed here and there along the line. It extends down the middle of Eighth street, from Vine to Elm.
EMERY ARCADE (See Arcade).
EXPOSITION (See Industrial Exposition).
EXPOSITION BUILDINGS (See Music Hall and Ex. Buildings).
EXPRESS COMPANY-ADAMS .- The offices of this company are on Fourth street, between Walnnt and Vine, in Pike's Opera House Building. While the general offices of the Company arc in New York, its western home is in Cincinnati; this City hav- ing been selected as the headquarters of the Western Division, which comprises all the rail, water and stage lines west of Pitts- burg, being over five thousand miles in extent, and covering all of the southern portions of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Missouri, extending through the latter State and Indian Territory to Denison, the Gate City of Texas, and across Kansas to Colorado. It is following the extensions of the Colorado system of rail- roads into New Mexico. The officials at Cincinnati.are Alfred Gaither, one of the board of nine managers, and the resident manager in the West; Joseph HI. Rhodes, Superintendent of the Western Division; and L. C. Weir, agent. The Western Divi- sion was established by Alfred Gaither, Jan. 1, 1854. Its receipts throughout the entire Westare deposited in the Cincinnati banks. It is thoroughly identified with Cincinnati and her interests. An instance of its liberality may be seen in its subscription of $2,500 to Music Hall and the Exposition Buildings. Its principal busi- ness is with the great eastern cities, to which it runs through ears. There are 39 daily expresses in and out of the Cincinnati
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office ; and to handle the business there are 108 local employes, 46 horses and 24 wagons used. The Company is locally cele- brated for the long service of its officers and employes. Alfred Gaither established the division in 1854, having for his assistauts Charles Woodward and Joseph H. Rhodes, who entered the ser- vice in 1850. Isaae W. Morgan entered the service in March, 1857, as clerk in charge of the delivery of money until 1870, when the delivery had become of such magnitude as to require a wagon. David H. Snyder was appointed in charge of the money department, in May, 1857, and has occupied the position ever since ; and though handling hundreds of thousands of dollars daily has never met with a loss. In one day, during the war, Mr. Snyder handled $16,000,000, being a government re- mittanee to pay troops. Henry B. Stowe has been in charge of the delivery of freight since March, 1862. L. C. Weir, the agent, has been in the service seventeen years-fifteen in his present position. There are upwards of thirty persons in the office who have been in its employ from ten to thirty years.
EXPRESS COMPANY-AMERICAN-One of the old established Express lines of the country. The Cincinnati office is at No. 118 West Fourth street, with an L extending to Race street. There are 38 office employes, including messengers. Twenty-seven horses and 16 wagous employed. The local manager, Mr. F. Clark, has been in the employ of the company 29 years.
EXPRESS COMPANY-UNITED STATES. - The United States Express Company's offices are at No. 122 West Fourth street, in the Commercial Block, on the corner of Fourth and Race streets. The rooms describe an L, with two entrances on Race street, Nos. 162 and 164, and extending back of the Fourth street en- trance. The extending express business in Mill Creek bottom has necessitated the opening of a branch office in the Express Company building on the corner of Sixth and Baymiller streets. The stables of the Company are located on Longworth street, west of Race, and are conveniently situated near the office. The office, stable and depot are connected by an independent telegraph wire, which has proved of great service in facilitating the business of the Company, and these three telegraph offices are by means of the Bell Telephone Exchange brought in con- nection with over 500 business houses, who are thus enabled to make inquiries as to rates, goods received or shipped, or to or- der the express wagon to call for freight. This arrangement has proved a very material advantage to the business communi- ty using the Express Company. The Company have about 70 men in their employ in the city, including the messengers, with 30 horses and 16 wagons. The Company runs messengers into and out of this city, on all the principal trains of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Daytou; Dayton & Michigan ; Cincinnati, Hamil- ton & Indianapolis; Cincinnati, Richmond & Chicago; Cincin- nati & Dayton Short Line to Springfield and Sandusky, and the Atlantic & Great Western Railroads. It runs in direct connec- tion with the Union Pacific & Kansas Pacific Railroad Compa- nies' Expresses, and Wells, Fargo & Co's Express to California and Oregon, and other Pacific States, and to Europe. It has nearly 5,000 offices of its own in the Eastern, Western and North- western States, and has direct connection with all the principal cities in the United States. The general offices are in New York city. A. H. Barney, President, resides in New York ; Henry Kip, Vice-President and General Manager, resides at Buffalo, N.Y .; J. Shepard, Assistant General Superintendent, resides at Chi- cago. The company has division superintendents located at Elmira and Dunkirk, N. Y .; Cleveland and Toledo, O .; Peoria and Springfield, Ill. ; St. Louis, Mo. ; St. Paul, Minn. ; and Des Moines, Iowa. Each divisiou superintendent has a corps of route agents, who are continually traveling in the interest of the Company in their respective territories. The Company is continually extending its lines, and operating new railroads as fast as they are completed. The business is steadily increasing. The Cincinnati office is under the management of John J. Hen- derson, who has been its agent for sixteen years. The cashier is L. C. Sproll; chief money-clerk, E. B. Davis; chief freight- clerk, John H. Munson; superintendent of the stables, G. J.
Francisco ; and superintendent of the depot, John Bohl. All of these are old employes who have been many years in the service.
EXPRESS COMPANY-BALTIMORE & OHIO, MARIETTA & CIN- CINNATI AND OHIO & MISSISSIPPI EXPRESS-Is a new coul- bination, organized only in 1877. Does a general express business to all points on lines of the railroads named, and all principal cities. Interchange is also made with all other cx- press and transportation companies. Charles Mendenhall is superintendent, and W. L. Dandridge, agent. Office 59 West Fourth street.
EXPRESSMEN'S AID SOCIETY .- This Society was organized in March, 1874. It has 1,003 first class, 59 second class, and 35 third class members. The total receipts for the year ending April, 1879, were $37,610, all of which was paid out to the rela- tives of deceased members. In this Society, the assessment is $2 00 on the death of each member, and the entire amount re- ceived from the assessments is paid over to the beneficiary. Alfred Gaither, of Cincinnati, is President of the Association ; John J. Hay, Cincinnati, is Secretary ; and C. L. Loup, of Menu- phis, Tennessee, is Treasurer.
EXPRESSMEN'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION .- The em- ployes of the several express companies have two benevolent associations, or mutual insurance companies. The Express- men's Mutual Benefit Association was organized in 1869. It has 2,465 first elass members and 728 second class. On the death of a member of the Association, an assessment of $1 00 is made on all its members, and $2,000 is paid the beneficiary of the first class, and one dollar per each member of the second elass. The receipts for 1878 were $105,008 68, all of which, exeept $600 for salary of Secretary and Treasurer, and a few incidentals, was paid to the relatives of deeeased members. The total receipts sinee the organization of the Association were $631,553 24; amount paid on claims, $594,381 00; expenses of the Associa- tion, $35,548 98; balance in treasury, $1,623 26. S. M. Shoe- maker, of Baltimore, Md., is its President ; and S. De Witt, of El- mira, N. Y., is the Grand Secretary and Treasurer.
FAIRMOUNT .- On the Harrison Pike, a well known suburb in which considerable improvements have been made of late years. A locality that gives promise of becoming a valuable part of Cincinnati. Three miles from the Post-office.
FARMERS' COLLEGE-On College Hill, was founded by Free- man G. Cary, more than 30 years ago. It has known more alter- nations of prosperity and depression than almost any other educational establishment in Ohio. Fifteen years ago an act was passed authorizing the sale of the land used for agricul- tural and horticultural purposes, and a sum realized sufficient to pay the accumulated indebtedness, and leave a balance of $52,000, from which the College still derives an income. The building is 120 feet front by 48 in depth, three-stories in height, and pro- vided with a large chapel. The average number of pupils is about 75.
FATHERHOOD OF THE PRIESTS OF ST. FRANCIS .- On Vine street, between Liberty and Green, give daily, gratuitous in- struction to 1,000 poor children,' in the schools conuected with the Catholic Church.
FERRIES .-- The construction of bridges over the Ohio river, of which there are now three, on two of which there is wagon and pedestrian travel, has seriously interfered with the ferry systemu of Cincinnati, and entirely extinguished the line between this City and Covington, that ran from the foot of Vine street to Scott street in the latter city. There is still one line between the two cities, having a landing at the foot of Central Avenue, for the accommodation of the people of West Covington, that is largely patronized. It runs two steamers, and crosses every five minutes during the day, and every half hour after ten o'clock at night.
The Newport Ferry, running two steamers, is still maintained. It starts from the foot of Lawrence street, several squares below the Cincinnati and Newport railroad bridge, and carries daily
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KENNY'S CINCINNATI ILLUSTRATED.
large numbers of citizens of Newport who live in the western part of that city. The travel to Newport by vehicle is confined principally to the bridges, the high grades on both sides of the river making the bridge travel minch the wisest, as it is also the safest.
The Jamestown Ferry, between Jamestown, Ky. (or Dayton), and Pendleton, is confined to small boats. There is no regular line.
blows struck on the bells followed by the number of the box from which the alarm is given. The Central Station is on Sixth street near Vine.
FIRE DEPARTMENT .- This department of the City Govern- ment has long been recognized as the most efficient in the United States. It was originally in the hands of volunteer com- panies, but as they gradually became disorganized, the City Coun- eil, under the lead of Mr. James H. Walker, of the Fifth Ward, resolved upon the present system. Mr. Abel Shawk, a mechanic of Cincinnati, had just invented the steam fire-engine, and in spite of much opposition, the council adopted it for the use of the City. This valuable adjunct to the preservation of life and
The Ludlow Ferry, which has its landing at the foot of Fifth street, maintains two steamers, and crosses every ten minutes. The bridges have not interfered with it except, perhaps, in the way of travel by vehicle, many preferring to cross on the sus- pension bridge and drive down through West Covington. Foot |property was, therefore, invented and first employed here. The passengers are not allowed to cross on the Southern Railroad bridge. . organization, as it now exists, is based upon an Act of Anderson's Ferry is locat- ed about five miles below the suspension bridge, and is the last ferry within the City limits. It main- tains one steamer, and is a great convenience to persons coming into the City from Kentucky, as the roads on the Ohio side of the river are much better. the General Assembly of Ohio, passed in April, 1873, and vesting the control of fire depart- ments in cities of the first class in a board of FireCom- missioners appointed by the Governor, holding office for five years, one member retiring annually. The board meets twiec a month. The Act also provides that Facilities for pedestrians crossing the river, from Columbia on the east, to Anderson's Ferry on the west, a distance of eleven miles, are always at hand -numerous small boats being ready, day and night, to convey passengers at reasonable cost. the fire-alarm telegraph shall be under the control of the Commissoners, and that the Chief Engineer shall be the superintendent. The total receipts for the year ending 31st December, 1877, were, $212,310; and the expenses $201,079. In- clusive of the Chief Engine- er, the force now consists of 151 officers aud men, divided into 20 companies, 4 hook and ladder com- panies, fuel and supply wagons, and the fire-alarm telegraph corps. The de- partment possesses 19 steam fire-engines, and one chem- ical fire-engine stationed at Cumminsville, 6 hook and ladder trucks, 97 splendid horses, and there are 27,500 feet of leather hose, and 6,100 fect of gum and linen hose in the service of the department. There are also in use portable fire extinguishers-one nt each station. The facilities for water-supply are excellent. There are in all 288 cisterns, with an average capacity THE NIGHT ALARM.
FIRE ALARM TE GRAPH .- The Corps has charge of 186 signal boxes distributed throughout the City, together with the wires connecting them with the Central Station. There are 2 sets of instruments complete, each working 4 signal circuits; 5 bell relays, 5 bell keys, 1 switch board, 25 lightning arres- ters, 8 galvanometers, 2 specters, 342 battery cups, 118 cxtra zines, 19 large strikers, 37 gongs, 400 miles of wire, 1 galvanometer reg. ister book, message books, talking circuit from the Central office to the assis- tant engineer's office, all the instruments, wires and batteries complete, etc During the year 1877 the Fire-alarm Telegraph sounded 276 [ of 800 barrels each, and 707 fire-plugs. There are fire-alarm alarms, and 107 still alarms. To give an alarm the signal box telegrahic lines, and 186 signal boxes ; and the head-quarters, over the engine-house near the corner of Sixth and Vine streets, are equipped with the most improved repeaters and registers. During the year 1877, 276 alarms were struck from the Central Telegraph Office. The total loss on buildings and their contents was $127,605.14, of which $263,261.62 was covered by insurance. The total value of the personal property of the department on the 1st January, 1878, was $589,511. The illustration is no inadequate representation of the rapidity and dash with which the firemen turnout for duty must be unlocked and the erank turned slowly and steadily. abont 25 times, the turning to cease as soon as the bell strikes. In boxes where there are no cranks the hook is pulled down once slowly and then let go. The number of that signaling the fire is struck upon the bells of all the engine houses, together with that in the Central station. The several calls are the 1st, 2d, and 3d alarms; the 2d nnd 3d alarms combined; the general call being 10 blows struck on all the bells 3 times with a pause of 20 seconds between each round ; the 1st 2d and 3d reserve calls; the police riot call being 12 when the alarm sounds, however black and stormy the night
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