USA > Ohio > Hamilton County > Cincinnati > Cincinnati in 1826 > Part 4
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ege are, ex-officio, the gratuitous medical and surgical atten- ants, with the privilege of introducing and instructing their upils.
In the session of 1825-6 the general assembly gave half he auction duties of the city, for four years, to the Medical College corporation, out of which an appropriate edifice, suf- cient for all the professors, has been erected. The residue f the fund, as it accrues, will be at the disposal of the trus- ees for the benefit of the institution.
The present professors are Doctors John Moorhead, Jed- diah Cobb, Josiah Whitman, and the Rev'd. Elijah Slack.
CINCINNATI COLLEGE.
This institution was chartered in the winter of 1818-19, y an act of the General Assembly of Ohio. A Faculty was hortly afterwards organized, and the Rev. Elijah Slack lected President. The government of the college is vested a Board of Trustees, chosen annually, from among the tockholders
The only endowment which the institution possesses arises rom private munificence. A large portion of the property lerived in this way, having been appropriated to the pay- ent of debts, and the remainder being unproductive, the rustees have deemed it expedient to suspend the College xercises for the present, and to appropriate the accruing ents to the discharge of the remaining debts. They have ccordingly leased the rooms in the College edifice, and rom the proceeds are enabled, not only to pay the interest on he debts, but also to discharge annually several hundred lollars of the principal. The Trustees expect at no distant ime to organize another Faculty, and again to open the Col- ege under more favorable auspices than attended its original Commencement. In the mean time all the rooms of the edi- ice are occupied by schools, except the one permanently ap- propriated for the Lancasterian Department, the exercises of which, although recently suspended, will soon be re-opened inder the superintendence of a competent Teacher.
Of the success of the Cincinnati College, there can be lit- le doubt. whenever the Board of Trustees shall be enabled o procure a gentleman of talents, and extensive literary reputation, to preside over the institution. Until that period hall arrive it is gratifying that our citizens, who have sons to educate, can avail themselves of the advantages of the Mi-
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ami University, which is located in the vicinity of our city and is now rising into respectability.
CINCINNATI FEMALE ACADEMY.
This institution, of which John Locke, M. D. is the Prir cipal, is located in a new and commodious brick house ofol Walnut street, between Third and Fourth. In addition t the Principal, there are Teachers of the French language of Music, of Penmanship, of Needle-work, and an Assis ert tant in the preparatory department. There is also a Board of Visiters, consisting of twelve gentlemen, appointed for th purpose of examining the pupils, and superintending th interests of the Academy. The price of tuition, exclusiv of Music and the French language, is from four to ten do lars a quarter. In August of each year, there is a public ex amination, at which Medals, and the Honorary degrees (and the Academy are awarded. The vacation following th annual examination comprises four weeks. The Academ possesses a competent apparatus for illustrations in Chemi: try, Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, and for teaching the sin ple elements of the different branches to the younger pupil: P
The plan of the institution embraces an extended circle c female education. The Principal has adopted the demor strative method of teaching, by which a knowledge of thing instead of words alone, is imparted. The exercises in rela tion to things of quantity, are such that the eye measures, th hand delineates, the reason compares, and the tongue des cribes at the same moment. As the pupils advance, the learn to operate mentally, without diagrams, and finally t calculate in the usual way in Arithmetic and Geometry; bu with a more perfect understanding of their principles. Thi method of instruction is on the plan of Pestalozzi; and juc ging from personal observations made in Doctor Locke' Academy, is admirably calculated to advance children i their elementary studies. 'The idea entertained by som persons that the system of Pestalozzi tends to infidelity, woul seem to be unfounded: abstractly, it appears to have n immediate connexion with the doctrines of the Bible.
About four years are required to pass through the pre scribed course of studies in order to obtain the Honorary de gree of the Academy
It is a fact not less remarkable than it is illustrative of th health of Cincinnati, that of the several hundred pupils wh have been members of this Academy, since its establishment
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tone has died, and but few during the period of their embership, have been seriously afflicted with disease.
FEMALE BOARDING SCHOOL.
The Boarding School under the superintendence of the isses Bailey, is kept on Broadway, between Market and lumbia streets, and is the oldest one in the city. These dies, who are well qualified, both by their attainments ag d high respectability, for the duties which they have un- rtaken, are now assisted in their school by Mr. F. Eckstein, aho has devoted many years to the instruction of youth, and tt hose testimonials of merit have already been laid before le public. All the elementary, as well as higher branches female education, including the French language, Music, Linting, and Drawing, are taught in this institution. Young en dies who may wish to board in the family of the superin- ladents, can be furnished with suitable accommodations.
CINCINNATI FEMALE SCHOOL.
This institution, for the instruction of young ladies exclu- rely, is now in operation, under the superintendence of essrs. Albert and John W. Picket, late of New-York, who ve long been advantageously known as instructers, and the thors of some elementary works. denominated the " Ameri- n School Class Books." In their mode of teaching, they low the analytic or inductive system. Their course of idy embraces the ordinary branches taught in Female ademies, including the Latin, Greek, and French lan- lages, Music, Drawing, &c. They occupy a suite of rooms the south wing of the Cincinnati College Edifice.
The location of these gentlemen in Cincinnati, has been nsidered by many of our citizens, as a matter of public in- rest. That they will receive the patronage due to their idable efforts in the line of their profession, there can be no ubt.
The Rev. C. B. McKEE'S CLASSICAL ACADEMY is pt on Third street, near the Post-office. The Rev. Mr. JACK'S SCHOOL, which has a valuable apparatus, and which lectures on various subjects are delivered, is taught the north wing of the College Edifice. There are in all, out fifty schools within the city; and, in addition to those ready enumerated, may be particularly mentioned, those der the care of Mr. Cathcart, Mr. Williams, Mr. Kinmont, r. Talbert, Mr. Winright, Mr. Chute, Mr. Wing, and Mr. orecraft:
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CINCINNATI READING ROOM.
This valuable establishment, owned by Mr. E. P Lang don, is situated on Third street, in the rear of the Post-otlice It is furnished with many of the most valuable newspaper and literary journals of the United States; among which may be enumerated the North American Review, the Museum the United States Literary Gazette, the Port Folio, and als the Edinburg Review.
It is creditable to the public spirit of the Proprietor, tha he admits strangers, who remain but a short time in the city to all the privileges of the establishment, free of expense This liberality entitles Mr. Langdon to a generous suppor from our citizens. His establishment is deserving of muc more patronage than it has yet received. Were the Pro prietor properly encouraged, he would be enabled to engraf upon it, at no distant day, a respectable Athaneum,-an in stitution which at this time, forms so great a desideratum il our city.
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WESTERN MUSEUM.
This interesting establishment,-one of the greatest orna ments of our city,-reflects credit on all who have contribu ted to its origin and advancement. Its projector was the late Mr. William Steele, justly distinguished for his libera and patriotic views. In the summer of 1818, he proposer to Dr. Drake to unite with him and two other gentlemen, il the establishment of a public Museum. Dr. Drake pre ferred a more extended association, and a meeting was ac cordingly held, where a Constitution was adopted. The Museum was first opened for general exhibition on the 10th of June, 1820, when a public discourse, on the objects and advantages of the establishment, was delivered by one o the founders. For several years, it was under the manage ment of a Board of Directors, during which its principal Cu rator was Dr. Robert Best, who has left in the Museun numerous evidences of his taste and talents. In 1823, the Society placed it in the keeping of Mr. Joseph Dorfeuille the present Proprietor, reserving only to the members, thei original privilege of visiting it with their families. The exertions of Mr. Dorfeuille, to render it worthy of the Socie ty by which it was founded; and of the encouraging patron age which it has received, have been zealous, directed by good taste, and successful.
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A multitude of persons have contributed to the Collection, sale, donation, and deposite.
1. Dr. Drake turned over to the Society, his cabinet of nerals, organic remains, fossil bones, and western anti- ities
2. The Managers caused new explorations to be madeat g Bone Lick, in Kentucky, so famous for the remains of e mammoth and arctic elephant, and obtained many speci- ens of both kinds.
3. Mr. James Griffiths, Mr. John J. Audubon, and espe- illy Dr. Best, successively employed as Artists and Curators the Museum, made an interesting collection of the quad- peds, birds, reptiles, and fishes of the West, most of which e in a state of excellent preservation.
4. Our Consul General, Condy Raguet, Esq., at Rio de neiro, together with a number of his public spirited coun- men, while in that country, collected and forwarded to Managers of the Western Museum, several hundred autiful specimens in natural history.
5. Mr. Dorfeuille united with the previous collection of Society, his own extensive cabinet of Egyptian antiqui- s, foreign and domestic birds, and Western amphibia.
6. The same gentleman has lately purchased the inter- ing collections of the late lamented Mr. John D. Clifford, Lexington, consisting of many hundred choice specimens American antiquities, extraneous fossils, and minerals.
Derived from these different sources, the Museum now tains, 100 mammoth and arctic elephant bones; 50 bones the megalonix; 33 quadrupeds; 500 birds; 200 fishes; 00) invertebral animals· 1,000 fossils; 3,500 minerals ;* 5 botanical specimens; 3,125 medals, coins, and tokens; specimens of Egyptian antiquities; 215 American anti- ties; 112 coloured microscopic designs; cosmoramic, ic, and prismorama views of American scenery and build- s; the Tatooed head of a New Zealand chief; together h about 500 specimens of miscellaneous curiosities. The .seum also contains several specimens of the fine arts. long them, a fine transparency, representing the Battle of w-Orleans, executed by a lady of this city. It has also
These are arranged according to Cleaveland's System. Each cimen is labelled and supplied with its appropriate description, from the pages of that distinguished Mineralogist.
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CINCINNATI.
an elegant Organ; The whole neatly and scientifically alu ranged, in an extensive suite of rooms, on the corner Code Main and Second streets.
One of the original objects of the Society, was to establish courses of lectures, illustrative of the various articles in th Museum. Such lectures have already been delivered b several gentlemen, and the practice is every way worth of being continued.
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LETTON'S MUSEUM.
This establishment, owned by Mr. Ralph Letton, is keptse in two spacious halls in the second and third stories of the brick building, at the corner of Main and Fourth streeti It was commenced in this city, by Messrs. Letton and Wille in the year 1818. The upper hall is principally occupie by wax-figures. The Museum contains about 200 birds, 4 animals, 2,000 minerals, 50 mammoth bones, 23 wax-figure besides a variety of Indian antiquities, marine shells, an ib miscellaneous articles. The number of yearly subscribers aD about 300. A course of lectures on Ancient and Moderne History, has recently been delivered in this institution.
CINCINNATI LIBRARY.
In 1812, a law was passed by the Legislature, incorporatinger the " Circulating Library Society of Cincinnati," and in 181 ee the institution was opened. The capital of the compan T was raised by subscription. The shares are $10 dolla :. ] each, subject to an annual tax of $1 50; and transferab'tig by assignment. The Library contains at this time, abon um 1,300 well selected volumes, in the various departments science and literature. It is kept in one of the lower roon nid of the College Edifice, where access may be had to it evertis Saturday afternoon. Its affairs are managed by seven dire be tors, annually elected by the shareholders, one of whom ale designated as President. Strangers, and other non-shar nd holders, can have the use of the books, either by the sing e volume, or by a monthly, quarterly, or annual subscription Valuable books, (not already on the shelves) are at all tim received by the directors, in payment for shares. M
The Cincinnati Library having thus far sustained itsel th through a series of embarrassments, which have been cory o mon to all, and fatal to many of our public institutions; ar Acces aste a period having arrived, when the number and ability
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ir citizens to support it can no longer be doubtful,- it is con- lently hoped, that the urgent appeals of its guardians to ose who have the interests of literature, and the honour of e city at heart, will no longer prove unavailing.
APPRENTICES' LIBRARY.
This important institution was founded in 1821, by the perality of the citizens of Cincinnati. It contains about 200 volumes. All young persons engaged in the mechani- 1, or any other laborious employments, are entitled to the e of the books, upon the single condition of a guarantee for eir safe return to the Librarian. The contributors annual- elect five Directors for the management of the affairs of is praiseworthy institution.
NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS.
There are nine Newspapers published in this city. The berty Hall and Cincinnati Gazette, the National Republi- ers In and Ohio Political Register, the Cincinnati Advertiser, e National Crisis and Cincinnati Emporium, are each pub- hed semi-weekly: The Parthenon, the Western Tiller, d the Saturday Evening Chronicle, weekly: The Cincin- tti Commercial Register, daily: There is also one in the atgerman language, entitled the Ohio Chronicle, published leekly.
The Ohio Medical Repository, edited by Guy W. Wright, . D., is published semi-monthly. It is shortly to be en- rged, and will then make its appearance in monthly imbers.
The Rev. Timothy Flint, a gentlemen of literary taste d attainments, is about to establish a monthly journal in is city, to be called the " Western Magazine and Review," be devoted to the cause of literature and science. The lue of such a work to the city, must be sufficiently obvious; d it is gratifying to us, to be enabled to state, that a re- ectable number of subscribers has been obtained
ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS.
Mr. F. Eckstein, an intelligent and highly ingenious Artist this city, is about to commence the formation of an Acade- y of the FINE ARTS, on a plan well calculated to ensure ccess. His skill in Sculpture and taking plaister Casts, his ste in Painting, and his enterprising industry, will, even
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with a moderate amount of patronage, ensure the permanh nence and respectability of the institution. Mr. Eckstein has pr already, a number of busts, and other specimens of art, which will be arranged as the nucleus of his establishment is so soon as suitable apartments can be procured A part of (PP len
the plan embraces the delivery of lectures in the institution. illustrative of the departments of the arts which properly belong to an Academy of this kind. For the honour of the city, it is hoped, that an institution so well calculated to im-lud part solid advantage, blended with intellectual pleasure will be liberally supported by the citizens.
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CHAPTER VI.
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT.
COURTS OF JUDICATURE.
There are three Courts, besides those of the Mayor and Justices of the Peace, held in Cincinnati; these are the Su preme Court, the Court of Common Pleas, and the City Court.
1. The SUPREME COURT of Ohio is held annually. It ha by law, exclusive jurisdiction in all cases of Divorce, and Alimony; original jurisdiction (concurrent with that of the Common Pleas) in all civil cases, both at law and equity, i which the cause of action exceeds one thousand dollars; and appellate jurisdiction from the decisions of the Common Pleas, in all cases, in which that court has original jurisdic tion. It can also issue all writs necessary to enforce it jurisdiction, or the due administration of justice. In crimi nal cases, this court has jurisdiction of capital offences.
2. The COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, holds its session thre times in the course of the year. This court has origina jurisdiction in all civil cases, both at law and equity, wher the matter in dispute is beyond the jurisdiction of a justice and appellate jurisdiction from the decisions of justices i their respective counties. This court has also cognizance €
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I crimes, offences, and misdemeanors, the punishment of hich is not capital .* It has sole jurisdiction of all matters of Probate and Testamentary nature. It appoints guardians, d issues all writs, except those of Error and Mandamus. is, likewise, vested with a species of executive power: It points its Clerk, Public Prosecutor, Commissioner of Insol- ents, Commissioner in Chancery, County Surveyor, County spectors. It licenses Ministers to solemnize marriages, so, Auctioneers, Ferries, and Taverns. The Associate idges appoint the Recorder, and also a County Commis- oner in case of death, removal, or resignation.
3. CITY COURT. This court is by the law of January 327, held on the first Mondays of March, June, September, ad December in each year: It is a court of Record, and omposed of the Mayor and Aldermen, any three of whom institute a quorum. It is vested with original jurisdiction oncurrent with that of the Common Pleas) of all crimes, isdemeanors, and offences, committed within the limits of e city, the punishment of which is not capital, nor confine- ent in the Penitentiary of the State; concurrent jurisdiction ith the Common Pleas, in all civil cases, where the parties re residents of the city; and appellate jurisdiction from the idgments of the Mayor in all cases arising under the ordi- ances of the city. It appoints its Clerk and City Pros- cutor.
4. MAYOR'S COURT. The Mayor, in his judicial capacity, as exclusive cognizance of all causes for the violation of ty ordinances, and the same civil and criminal jurisdiction nd powers that are vested in a Justice of the Peace.
5. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. Of these there are three ithin the city. They are conservators of the peace, and an examine bail, or commit all persons charged with a reach of the laws. Their jurisdiction in criminal cases xtends throughout the county; in civil cases it is limited to ie township, and does not exceed one hundred dollars in mount, except in voluntary confessions of judgment, in hich it extends to two hundred dollars, and is co-extensive ith the county.
*No crime is, by the laws of Ohio, punished capitally, except that f murder in the first degree. In that case the prisoner can elect to e tried by the court of Common Pleas.
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PUBLIC OFFICES.
1. The Supreme and County Courts are held in the Court House at the intersection of Main and Court streets.
2. The office of the Clerk of the Supreme and County Courts, is on the first floor of the Court House.
3. The Sheriff's office is in the same building, and on the same floor.
4. The Recorder's office is in the second story.
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5. The County Auditor and Commissioners have their office in a room opposite to the Recorder's.
6. The City Court Room, and Mayor's office, are in a cou brick building on the north side of Third street, between Co Main and Sycamore.
CITY GOVERNMENT AND POLICE.
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Cincinnati was first incorporated in the year 1802; since na which time, its charter has been repeatedly modified, and is Co now entirely superceded by a new one, which is to take kee effect from the 1st of March next. This instrument vests the con municipal power of the city in a City Council, which is tours consist of three Trustees, annually chosen, by the qualified sta voters, from each ward of the city. The qualified voters of are those, who have the qualifications of an elector forma members of the General Assembly, and have resided one go year in the city. The qualifications for a Trustee are three years residence in the city, one year in the ward from which the he is elected, and the possession of a freehold. The Council ce have power to hold property-to levy taxes (not exceeding two mills on the Grand Levy,)-to borrow money (not po exceeding five thousand dollars per annum, without the con. sent of the people)-to erect a City Prison; establish a Board of Health with proper officers and regulations; and to enact all ordinances necessary to the safety, morals, and good government of the city; for these and other purposes Ci cil it can create inferior offices, open streets, establish markets grant licenses, and impose penalties.
COUNCIL FOR 1826.
Lewis Howell, Pre'st. W. Stephenson, E. Hulse,
S. Hazen, S. Newell,
H. Gassaway,
J. McIntyre, · O. Lovell,
S. Burrows,
W. Noble, C. Tatem, J. Whetstone.
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MAYOR. Isaac G. Burnet.
This officer, is, hereafter, to be chosen biennially by the people, and besides his judicial duties, is the general super- ntending and executive magistrate of the city.
ALDERMEN.
The duty of an Alderman is that of an associate judge of he city court. They are to be biennially elected by the people.
CITY OFFICERS.
The Marshal is the ministerial officer of the city, and city court: he is invested with all the powers of a Sheriff and Constable within the limits of the corporation, but can serve process throughout the county. This officer, and the Trea- urer of the city are elective, biennially. The Recorder is appointed by the Council, has charge of the laws and ordi- inchances, and presides in the absence of the President of the di Council. The Clerk of the Council is appointed by them, and ak keeps a journal of their proceedings. Besides these, the thecouncil have power to appoint Assessors, Collectors, Survey- stors, Street Commissioners, Health Officers, Clerks and Con- tables of the markets, Supervisors of highways, Measurers of wood and coal, Wharf Masters, and such other officers as nay be found necessary to the general convenience and good government of the city.
Besides the Sheriff and Marshal, with their deputies, here are three Constables, who are the ministerial offi- cers of the Justices' Courts: these have, hitherto, been found sufficient to preserve peace and good order in a city, whose no population, though heterogeneous in character and pur- suits, is yet remarkable for its good morals and regular haconduct.
CITY WATCH.
Heretofore there have been no other police officers in Cincinnati, than the regular ministers of law; but the Coun- cil, in compliance with the wishes of a respectable portion of the community, have recently established a City Watch, con- sisting of two Captains and eighteen men, at an expense of about $3,000 per annum. A watch, in a city of the magni- tude of Cincinnati, is obviously of great importance; but it may be seriously doubted, whether the erection of a few lamps should not have preceded its establishment; for, in pro- portion to the increase of light, the facilities for the commis-
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sion of crimes are lessened, and, of consequence, the means of detection rendered more numerous. A couple of lamps at each intersection of the streets, in those parts of the city thickly populated, would add greatly to the comfort of the citizens, and the safety of their property. This measure seems, indeed, to be essentially important, at a time when the constant erection of new buildings necessarily fills the streets with lumber and other obstructions, which at night often prove highly dangerous.
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