USA > Ohio > Hamilton County > Cincinnati > Cincinnati in 1826 > Part 7
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Of our Exports, the principal part are carried to the West Indies and South America. Pork and Whiskey find a mar- ket in the Atlantic cities. Lard is consumed in Cuba and South America, as a substitute for Butter. A portion of all these articles, with many others, constitute the supplies, fur nished by contract, for many posts of the United States Army. No inconsiderable quantity is consumed by the districts bordering on the Lower Mississippi.
IMPORTS FOR 1826.
Iron, bar, sheet and spike, 1,450 tons,
- Castings, 350 tons,
$181,25€ 21,00€
Jutt in
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Tea
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Lot
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CINCINNATI.
- Pig,
23,040
ails,
63,000
37,500
2200 crates,
88,000
otton,
1,100 bales,
37,000
ult,
46,000 barrels,
82,800
pal,
200,000 bushels,
20,000
imher. Boards. 5,000,000 feet,
Shingles,
3,500,000
64,000
Timber, 122,000 cubic feet,
digo,
25,000
offee,
1,100,000 lbs.
198,000
ea,
220,000 lbs.
208,000
ligar,
80,000
sh, 3,000 barrels,
20,000
quors, Spices, and other articles,
200,000
ry Goods,
1,100,000
Total, $2,528,590
0
EXPORTS IN 1826.
1
our,
55,000 barrels,
$165,000
hiskey,
14,500 barrels,
101,500
rk,
17,000 barrels,
102,000
urd,
1,280,000 lbs.
64,000
ams and Bacon,
1,425,000 lbs.
57,000
athers,
302,000 lbs.
78,520
eswax,
78,825 lbs.
21,091
leese,
75,000 lbs.
5,329
litter,
5,000 kegs,
17,500
inseng,
95,500 lbs.
16,235
ans,
1,000 barrels,
3,000
bacco,
1,500 kegs,
18,225
nseed Oil,
1,200 barrels,
20,400
istles,
2,000 lbs.
760
ats,
75,000
binet Furniture,
47,000
indles and Soap,
30,000
rpe and Printing Materials,
19,000
mper and Porter,
7,000
ocks, &c.
15,000
50,000
othing, Hay, Oats, Corn, Corn-meal, Apples, Cider, Dried Fruit, istings, Cooper's Ware, Window Glass, Tin Ware, eroughs, Wagons, Stills, Horses, Poultry, Cigars, &c. &c.
$150,000
Total. $1,063,560
50
1
S
768 tons, 7,000 kegs, ead and Shot, 550,000 lbs. opper, Tin Plate and Glassware, ueensware,
80,000
Joice & Scantling, 400,000 feet,
78
CINCINNATI.
In the exports above enumerated, no portion of that which descends the Great and Little Miamies is included. This how- ever, properly belongs to them; for the produce of which we have been speaking is chiefly the growth of the Miami country, and all which it exports is applied to the payment of what is brought into it. It has been satisfactorily ascer- tained, that about 100 boats descend the Great Miami, during the high water, in each season, and that 30 descend the Little Miami. These boats will average 250 barrels each; making for the whole number 33,500 barrels. If then we
ort T ct KIS H th suppose that they are equivalent to an equal quantity of p flour, their value will be about $100,000.
To the exports must also be added the value of the steam- boats built here, and paid for by foreign capitalists.
Of the importations, a re-exportation is constantly made tofly the most distant places with which Cincinnati has any com- eri In mercial intercourse. This business has been greatly exten- ded within three or four years, and is now greater than isave generally supposed, and would be conducted on a still larger Todo scale, if our merchants possessed capital, equal to their the enterprise. Cincinnati, in this manner, derives a profit, like erci the cities on the sea-board, from goods which are merely in erity transitu. A large amount, probably more than one-third of all imported here, is ultimately carried to places, for whose produce this is not the shipping port, hence, the nominal imports and exports do not exhibit the true balance of trade, If we could deduct from the imports the exact amount of what is not consumed in the region watered by the Miamies and White-water, we should probably find the exports to equal the imports.
The Pork business of this city, is equal, if not of greater magnitude than that of Baltimore; and is, perhaps, not ex- ceeded by that of any place in the world. This will appear Du from a reference to the foregoing table of exports, and fromostag the fact, that between the 15th of November, 1826, and the,750 15th of February, 1827, a period of three months, forty0 ma thousand hogs have been packed in Cincinnati :- Thirtyity- thousand of which were slaughtered within the limits of thenstwa corporation, and ten thousand brought in wagons, from theb, on country around.
Among the exports from this place, Beef forms a smallerransp portion, than would at first be supposed. The great facili. The ties for raising cattle, and the high price of beef in other LAN
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euro
79
CINCINNATI.
aces, are such that it may be easily rendered a large and ofitable article of exportation. It is hoped that the farm- s of the Miami Country, will soon make a proper estimate the importance of adding this, to the list of their ex- rts.
The manufacture of Pot and Pearl-ashes, is likewise neg- ted in this district, although the material for making them ists in such great abundance.
Hemp, Barley, Tobacco, and many other articles, have therto been too much overlooked, in the undivided atten- n, which our Agriculturalists have paid to the raising of heat and Corn.
The present system of agriculture between the Miamies, quires, indeed, some important changes, which, when prop- ly made, will result in individual profit, and general pros- rity to the country.
In the exhibition of exports from the Miami Country, we ve already an animating picture of its exuberant soil and oductive industry. In it we see, the source and principle the rapid growth, and flourishing condition of its com- ercial Metropolis; and the evidence of its continued pros- rity in wealth, population, and importance.
CHAPTER XI.
PUBLIC OFFICES.
POST-OFFICE.
During the year 1826, $8,162 dollars were received for stage at this office for letters. Within the same period, 750 free letters were delivered, and throughout the year, 1 ) mails per week were sent out of, and received in, the ty-ten of which were carried in stages, to wit: three stward, on the Chillicothe, three do. on the Lebanon, three . on the Dayton and Columbus, and one southern, on the eorgetown, Kentucky, routes. The remaining ten were ansported on horse-back.
The Rev. WILLIAM BURKE is Post-master, and Mr. ELAM LANGDON, Assistant Post-master.
.
80
CINCINNATI.
UNITED STATES LAND-OFFICE.
The offices for the sale of public lands, in the Cincinnati district, are kept in the eastern part of the city; that of the Register, (PEYTON S. SYMMES) near the corner of Lawrence and Congress streets; and that of the Receiver, (ANDREW M. la BAILEY) north of Congress street, on Broadway.
UNITED STATES BRANCH BANK.
The Bank of the United States, established an office of Discount and Deposite in 'this city, in April, 1817, which was withdrawn in October, 1820, and re-established in May, 1825. J. REYNOLDS, President. P. BENSON, Cashier.
This, at present, is the only Banking establishment in Cincinnati.
INSURANCE OFFICES.
Until recently, little attention has been paid to this subject, in the West. If we except foreign agencies, the Louisville Company for a long time held a monopoly of this business.
In a few years it accumulated enormous profits and raised the value of its stock many fold. A company was estab. lished here several years since, but it did little business, and became extinct in the subsequent commercial derangements.
Of late two companies have been incorporated here, and are now in successful operation.
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OHIO INSURANCE COMPANY.
T. GOODMAN, President. MORGAN NEVILLE, Secretary.
This company was incorporated in January, 1826, with a capital of $250,000 which may be increased to 500,000; 2010 shares, at $50 each, were immediately subscribed, and the amount paid in, or secured by notes and mortgages. Its concerns are managed by a President, Secretary and eighteen Directors. It has been about a year in operation, and posses- sing the confidence of the community, its business is increa- sing, and the stock promises to become highly valuable.
CINCINNATI EQUITABLE INSURANCE COMPANY
This company was incorporated in January, 1827. It is constituted upon the principles of mutual Insurance, and has a certain amount deposited to meet the contingent loss of any member. EZEKIEL HALL, Chairman; JOHN JOLLY, Secretary.
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Jos
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CINCINNATI.
PROTECTION INSURANCE OFFICE, HARTFORD, CONN. Agent-EPHRAIM ROBINS.
This company was recently incorporated in Hartford, and has established an agency here, for the purpose of insuring gainst Fire and Marine Risks To determine and adjust all osses, a Board of Counsellors have been appointed by the company to assist the agent, whose award is binding upon the Company ; should the party dissent, arbiters may be called, whose decision is also final, as it respects the office. This office has issued, since its establishment here, a considerable number of policies, and enjoys the confidence of the com- munity.
THE ATNA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, of Hartford, Con- hecticut, was established here in 1825. WILLIAM GOOD- MAN, Agent.
THE TRADER'S INLAND NAVIGATION INSURANCE COMPA- NY, of New York, have an office here, with THOMAS NEWELL, Agent.
THE UNITED STATES' INSURANCE COMPANY, of New York, have an office here, with WILLIM HARTSHORNE, Agent.
INTELLIGENCE OFFICE.
An office of general agency and intelligence has been es- tablished by Mr. N. Holley, which may be rendered very useful by making known the various wants of individuals.
AUCTIONS.
In Cincinnati, there are ten licensed Auctioneers, who, in the year 1826, sold goods to the amount of $233,800 .- A duty of 3 per cent., or $7,014, was paid by them to the County Treasurer: one half of this is applied, by law, to the Commercial Hospital and Lunatic Asylum, and the other to the Medical College of Ohio.
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82
CINCINNATI.
CHAPTER XII.
VALUE OF REAL ESTATE AND MONEY.
Real property has been advancing in value with the pro- gress of population. The price of lots varies so much, ac- cording to their location and commercial advantages, that satisfactory information cannot here be given in regard to it. Within the last two years, the value of real estate has ad- vanced more rapidly than for several years previous. With those however, who are acquainted with the prospects of the city, the prices are not considered to be above, if even at their real value. From the constant tide of immigration there is a greater demand for houses, than can be readily supplied, which renders rents proportionably high.
It is this, with the regular and certain increase of value, which makes investments of money in real estate both safe and profitable. Capital to a large amount may be so inves- ted in real estate, that it will immediately produce from 10 to 12 per cent per. annum. Many investments have been made that yield at this time from 12 to 18 per cent. Nothing can be hazarded in stating that, capital judiciously expended in the purchase of real estate in this city, at present prices, will yield permanently from 10 to 12 per cent. per annum.
Cincinnati for several years has been deficient in the amount of its disposable capital : a nominal superfluity of it existed during the prosperity of the local banks: after their destruction, paper currency was almost withdrawn from circulation, and much of the metalic currency applied to the payment of the debts due the U. S. Bank, and the eastern merchants. From this condition of affairs the city has been gradually recovering, but its citizens are not yet large capi- talists. Although engaged in profitable business, most of them have not the means of extending it to a scale propor- tioned to their enterprize, and the resources of the place. Money is consequently in great demand, and a high price is willingly paid for its use. For small sums 36 per cent. per annum, is frequently given, and for large ones from 10 to 20 per cent. is common. Indeed the market value of money may be safely estimated at from 10 to 15 per cent ; for there are but few investments in which it will not yield that
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182 mat Flo
83
CINCINNATI
mount. In Ohio there are no penalties imposed upon sury, and the contract for any rate of interest is valid. This policy has been adopted to supply the deficiency of apital, by encouraging loans and investments by foreigners.
The following memoranda of the average retail prices for 826, of a few articles in our market, are added for the infor- nation of distant readers.
'lour, $3 per barrel,
Whiskey, 25 cents per gallon.
Beef, 2 to $3 per cwt.
Pork, $2
Butter, 10 to 12₺ cents per lb.
Eggs, 6 cents per dozen.
Cheese, 6 to 7 cents.
Bacon, 3 to 5 cents per lb.
Lard, 4 to 6 cents.
Hams, 4 to 6 cents, 66
Feathers, 25 cents.
Veal, 3 to 4 cents, 66
Mutton @ to 4 cents, 66
Geese, 18 to 25
Honey, 12 cents,
.
CHAPTER XIII.
ROADS.
The position of Cincinnati, with respect to roads and wa- ter courses, is such, that those who travel through the interi- or, from the South and West, towards the North, or from the latter to the former, can scarcely avoid it, without inconve- nience to themselves. In former days, a voyage up the Mississippi, was the labour of months, and the southern merchants and planters encountered the perils of the ocean, to escape this delay of time and risk of health. A great change has taken place :- the trip from New-Orleans to this place is now accomplished in from 12 to 14 days, and the Thin and Mississippi have become the great highway, upon which nearly all who live upon their borders, seek the busi- ness, or the pleasures of the North. Upon their arrival at Cincinnati, it becomes a new point of departure : they may either continue their voyage up the river to Wheeling or Pittsburgh, and from those points, pass over the mountains to Baltimore; or, they may go through the interior of Ohio to
1
Ducks, 8 to 12 66
Apples, 25 to 37 cents per bushel
Chickens, 64
Peaches, 25 to 37 cents,
Soap, 4} cents per lb.
Randles. 10 cents.
Corn 12 cents per bushel.
Oats, 12 to 18 cents per bushel. Potatoes, Irish, 25 to 50 per bushel. do. Sweet, 37 to 62 66
d-
=
Turkeys, 25 to 37 cents each.
Dried Fruit, 75 cents, ‹5
ro- ac- at it.
84
CINCINNATI
the same points; or, take the stage for Portland, on the Lake view the rich fields of the Miami Country; visit the falls of Niagara; examine the magnificent improvements of New. York, and descend the Hudson. Thiswill probably become the most fashionable journey made by western or southern people. It affords most of the interesting, the beautiful, and the grand, which our country contains.
The following, are the principal routes and distances. proceeding from this place:
From Cincinnati to Sandusky City, by Dayton and Colum- bus, the route heretofore travelled, is about 250 miles .- The villages and towns passed through, are interesting, and the accommodations, as to stages and houses, are good.
From Cincinnati to the same point, by Xenia, Urbanna, Marysville, and Bucyrus, the distance is but 200 miles. On this route, a new line of stages will be established in the spring, which is intended to go through in three days, and meet a steam-boat at Lower Sandusky. The whole dis- tance to New-York, by this route, will be about 850 miles, and the journey can be easily accomplished in 10 days.
From Cincinnati to Wheeling, by land, is about 242 miles. On this route, there is a daily line of stages, which is a con- tinuation of that on the Cumberland road. By this way, the traveller passes through the central parts of Ohio, and arrives in Baltimore in 8 or 9 days. The roads in Ohio, are generally good from May till November.
From Cincinnati to Lexington is about 80 miles, and a stage generally runs between the places, during the sum- mer and fall seasons.
FROM CINCINNATI TO SANDUSKY CITY.
From Cincinnati to Rea-
Springfield,
9 72
ding,
10 mls.
Urbanna,
14
86
To Sharon,
5 15
Milford,
18 104
To Lebanon,
15
30
Marysville,
6 110
To Waynesville,
10 40
Scioto River,
20 130
Little Miami,
6
46 Marion,
6 136
Xenia,
8
54 Bucyrus,
17 153
Yellow Springs,
9
63
Sandusky City,
47 200
FROM CINCINNATI TO SANDUSKY CITY, DI THE WAY OF
DAYTON
AND COLUMBUS.
To Springfield,
15
Columbus,
13 133
Hamilton,
10 £5 Blendon,
11 14i
Middletown,
14
39 Mount Vernon, 33 174
Franklin.
45 Bellville.
20 194
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Leb Van Gr Chỉ Ta La To Sc Bi G
To H Black Clear Fair Asbt
Miamie Daytor Fairfiel Spring Deer-c Little Big D
CINCINNATI.
85
Miamiesburgł., Dayton, Fairfield,
6
51 Mansfield,
9 203
12
63 New Haven,
22 225
11
74 Peru,
10 235
Springfield,
14
88 Norwalk,
7 242
Deer-creek,
18 106 Milan,
5 247
Little Darby,
9 115
Sandusky City,
11 258
Big Darby,
2 117
FROM SANDUSKY CITY TO BUFFALO.
To Huron,
10
Ohio State Line, 15
Black River,
20
Erie,
25
Cleaveland,
25
Portland,
35
Fairport,
30
Dunkirk,
15
Ashtabula,
30
Buffalo,
45 250
FROM CINCINNATI TO PITTSBURGH.
Lebanon,
30
Zanesville,
36 168
Vanmetre's,
30
St. Clairsville,
75 243
Greenfield,
17
Wheeling,
10 253
Chillicothe,
21
98
Washington, Pa.
32 285
Tarleton,
18
Pittsburgh,
25 310
Lancaster,
16 132
FROM CINCINNATI TO PITTSBURGH, BY WATER.
To Maysville,
63
Marietta,
278₺
Scioto River,
105
Wheeling,
3631
Big Sandy,
143号
Steubenville,
385%
G. Kenhawa,
194
Pittsburgh,
455号
FROM CINCINNATI TO WHEELING.
Columbia,
6
Tarleton,
8
Newtown,
5
Clear-creek,
6
Batavia,
10
Lancaster,
10 126
Williamsburgh,
7
Rushville,
10
White Oak,
11
Somerset,
8
Newmarket,
11
Uniontown,
9
Bainbridge,
24
Zanesville,
9 162
Chillicothe,
18
92
Wheeling,
80 242
Kingston,
10
FROM CINCINNATI TO COLUMBUS.
To Reading,
10
Massie's creek,
7
61
Sharonville,
5
15
Charleston,
11
72
Lebanon,
15
30
Deer-creek,
14 86
Waynesville,
10
40
Little Darby,
9 95
Little Miami,
6
46
Darby-creek,
2 97
Xenia,
8
54
Columbus,
13 110
FROM CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE.
Big Bone,
20
Middletown,
26
Sander's Mill,
23
Louisville,
12
Simpson's Ferry,
10
Henry Court-house,
12
103
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a.
Ake s of ew. ome lern and
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- ind
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he nd
-
86
CINCINNATI.
FROM CINCINNATI TO VINCENNES.
Burlington,
15 French Lick,
Rising Sun,
10
E. F. Whiteriver,
Judge Cotton's,
20
N. F. Whiteriver,
Madison,
20
Vincennes,
New-Lexington,
17
Salem,
32
FROM CINCINNATI TO LEXINGTON.
Gaines',
18
Georgetown,
14
Theobald's,
15
Lexington,
12 Coun
Gouge's,
11
Eagle-creek,
12
FROM CINCINNATI TO NEW-ORLEANS.
Kentucky river,
78₺
Tennessee,
456
Louisville,
131₺
Mouth of Ohio,
504
Wabash,
376₺
Natchez,
1165
Shawneetown,
386₺
New-Orleans.
1462
Cumberland River,
444}
CHAPTER XIV.
SUMMER'S RESIDENCE IN CINCINNATI.
Cincinnati may be considered the nearest point, at which such of the inhabitants of Mississippi, Alabama, and Lou- isiana, as are induced to leave their homes during the sum- iner, can find the advantages of a city residence, and a healthy climate united. Indeed, each succeeding summer, for the last few years, has brought with it an increased number of those who are flying from southern heat and dis- ease; and it may be anticipated, that each succeeding year will afford its accumulated numbers. The facilities with which the city can be reached from the south by water; its inviting aspect to strangers; its salubrious situation; the affability of its inhabitants, as well as its being the point of debarkation from the steam boats, for those who wish to view the interior of Ohio, or pass to the eastern states, by the way of the Lakes and the Erie Canal,-all contribute to render Cincinnati at once the centre of attraction to those travelling for health and pleasure, and the great thoroughfare between
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The so of the
87
CINCINNATI.
the south-western and north-eastern states. Those families, of the south who may not wish to make an annual visit to the east, will find this no undesirable residence for the summer and fall seasons.
They can here have the advantage of excellent schools for their children, and find, in the bosom of a cultivated society, many rational sources of amusement for themselves. They may pass without inconvenience either by land or upon he canal, through the pleasant villages of the Miami Country ; spend a few weeks at the Yellow springs, in whose vicinity are to be seen the beautiful and romantic falls of the Little Miami, or partake of the medicinal waters in the valley of Big Bone, where lie imbedded the relics of the Mammoth, alike so long celebrated for its size and extinction.
It may be supposed, that the period is not remote, when many of the wealthy planters and professional gentlemen of the south, will have their summer villas within the environs of Cincinnati, and those who may feel unwilling to be deprived of the services of their slaves, can still have the advantages of a city life, by locating themselves on the Kentucky shore, in the villages of Newport and Covington, both of which are healthy, and delightfully situated opposite to Cincinnati. The experiments of the last season have fully demonstrated, that small steam boats may descend the Ohio from Cincinnati in the driest period of the year; for in the month of October and November, although the river was quite low, several of the smaller steam boats made a safe and speedy passage to Natchez. The difficulties attending a return to the south at that season are consequently lessened. This removes what has heretofore been a serious objection to a summer's resi- dence in the commercial metropolis of Ohio.
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14 12
6 4 5 2
34 17 19 16 200
88
CINCINNATI
CHAPTER XV.
THE FINE ARTS.
Although Cincinnati is perhaps not sufficiently advanced those in the Fine Arts, to supply adequate materials for a separate An en chapter: yet it would be scarcely proper to pass over the libert subject without remarking that we have several artists of ge- the as nius and reputation in the principal branches of this interes- of su ting department.
In Portrait painting we may indeed boast of a young artist* who has but a single rival in the Western Country. In Land- scape painting we could name more than one of considerable promise; and in the line of Ornamental and Scene painting a number of excellent specimens might be referred to. The porn admired busts of Lafayette, Clinton, Clay, Jackson, and Gaines, sufficiently demonstrate the plastic skill of one of our citizens, in modelling likenesses :- the numerous Figure Heads, and other sculptured ornaments of our steam-boats, display the taste and ingenuity, of two others, as Carvers, and various publications have lately furnished several speci- mens of the successful efforts of our engravers.
*Mr. A. II. Corwine, a native of Kentucky.
CHAPTER XVI.
STATE OF SOCIETY.
There is, perhaps, no place in the United States, more favourable for observing the influence of our Republican System upon Society at large, than in Cincinnati Its inhabi- tants are emigrants from all quarters of the Union, and from different parts of Europe; yet there is no portion of them from any particular district, so numerous, as to cause a gen- eral adherence to the peculiar prejudices and manners, in which they had been educated. Neither do we find the subdivisions of society influenced by national parțialities. We
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89
CINCINNATI.
have neither St. Andrews, St. Georges, St. Patricks, nor New-England Societies, to foster those prejudices, in favour of distant lands, which are so unfriendly to the happiness of ed those who have come to spend their lives in another clime. An entire freedom from political restraint, leaving all at liberty to follow such pursuits as are most agreeable, favours the assimilation of all classes to each other, and the adoption of such manners and customs, as are most suitable to our situation. There is, consequently, a more rapid amalgama- tion of manner and feeling, than would be expected among a people so recently collected together, from so many different countries.
In Morals, we may safely defy the strictest scrutiny, to point out a rival place, where fewer vices or crimes are committed among an equal number of people; and as our city bas hitherto had scarcely any other police, than public opin- ion, we must, of course, attribute the good order and morali- ty which prevail among us, to the correct feelings and senti- ments of the inhabitants. The most prominent source of crime and wretchedness, among our eastern brethren,-the vice of drunkeness-although not unknown here, is more rare than in other parts of the Union .* Nor does the vice of gaming floursh here to any great extent, although much bains have been taken to introduce it, at different periods, and sometimes with apparent success; yet, happily, it has not yet been so far naturalized, as to appear to be in a con reni't clime. Lottery gambling, so prevalent in most other „rts of the United States, is not one of our evils. The sale foreign tickets is prohibited by law; and the only lottery ranted for many years, by this state, although it profits ere destined for a purpose interesting to the community, as entirely unsuccessful. We trust that thismay be the st attempt to legalize gambling in Ohio, andthat the cor- :ct moral feeling, exhibited by the community in this res- ect, may prove a salutary example to our sister states.
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