USA > Ohio > Wood County > Commemorative historical and biographical record of Wood County, Ohio : its past and present : early settlement and development biographies and portraits of early settlers and representative citizens, etc. V. 1 > Part 40
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following, a series of by-laws. The president, secretary and treasurer were re-elected in 1883; but, in 1884, R. W. McMahan was elected president, F. A. Baldwin, secretary, and J. D. Bolles, treasurer, and they, with A. E. Royce, Harvey Lawhead, W. M. Tuller and John R. Hankey, formed the board of directors. In 1885, John W. Canary was elected president, the secretary and treasurer re-elected, and they, with J. B. Newton, G. C. Phelps, Chris Leh- man, G. W. Hedges and G. W. Gaghan, formed the directory. The presidents of the association for the last decade are named as follows: J. B. Newton, 1886-1889; J. D. Bolles, 1887-1888; A. E. Royce, 1890; Frank A. Baldwin, 1891; A. E. Royce, 1892-1896. The directors chosen in January, 1896, were A. E. Royce, W. R. Noyes, J. G. Hickox, Hugh Stewart, John Trox- ell, James Ordway and J. O. Troup. The sec-
retaries : F. A. Baldwin, 1886; Robert Dunn; 1887; F. A. Baldwin, appoinied July 25, 1887: R. C. Wilson, 1888; Guy C. Nearing, 1889-1890; J. B. Newton, 1891-1892, and William R. Noyes, 1893-1896. The treasureis: J. D. Bolles, 1886; James O. Troup, 1887-1888; R. W. McMahan, 1889-1890-1891; and James G. Hickox, 1892- 1896.
The receipts from the annual fair, from 1884 to 1894, are given as follows: $3,889. 30 received in 1884; $4,052.45 in 1885: $4,298.05 in 1886; $4,656.24 in 1887; $3,908.80 in 1888; $5.909.70 in 1889; $6, 576.93 in 1890; $6,786. 15 in 1891; $7,356.53 in 1892: $7,061.30 in 1893; and 7 .- 389.26 in 1894, while the receipts from all sources were $7,945.99.
The Wood County Horticultural Society was organized February 14, 1856, with H. P. Averill, president; Gilbert Beach and Eber Wilson, vice- presidents; J. S. Norton, treasurer; A. M. Thomp- son, corresponding, and George Powers, record- ing, secretary. The directors chosen were David Wilkison, P. McIsaac, John 1 Bates, Wm. Houston, John Robertson, Thomas S. Carinan, W. V. Way and Martin Warner. At that time there were no such fruit-growers in northwestern Ohio as G. W. Klopfenstein, and, for the want of such men, the society fell to pieces.
The Wool Growers' Association of Lucas and Wood counties was organized in February, 1866, but few of Wood county's citizens interested themselves in its objects. R. C. Thompson was elected president: A. P. Read, vice-president ; H. Kellogg, treasurer; James W. Ross, secretary: Eber Bradley, James J. Smith and F. R. War- ren, directors.
The Wood County Sheep Breeders Associa-
tion was in existence some years prior to 1885. Thomas Knight, A. E. Royce, J. D. Anderson, Amos Stover, George Knauss, George C. Phelps, William Tuller, Robert Miller, and the secretary. J. B. Newton, were among its active members. The third annual meeting was held in June, 1885, when Levi Kramer was elected president: J. Bender, treasurer; and J. B. Newton, secre- tary.
The Western Horse Thief Association was organized in June, 1853, when the following named members signed the constitution: Smith Bassett, Alexander Pugh, Emanuel Arnold, David Pettys, H. R. Pratt, A. Smith, J. N. Mead, Alva Gillett, S. C. McDonald, Simon G. Long, John Walters, Joel Foote, Abram Bassett, Alex- ander Brown, Asa Wright. George Laskey, Peter Dull, J. McKee. A. P. Donaldson, William Pratt, Benjamin Olney, Samuel Older, Ebenezer Donaldson, George Kimberlin, Samuel Clymer. Jacob Walters, James T. Martin, Thomas Jun- kins, William Bassett, and George Hospelhorn. Smith Bassett was president, and H. R. Pratt, secretary, in 1854. Almost twenty years before this Society was organized one existed in Liberty township. the members of which are named in the chapter on that township.
The Patrons of Husbandry organized in 18;4. and their second annual reunion was held in August, 1875, when Thomas Mawer, of Wash- ington township, delivered the address, and the Harvest Home Festival was celebrated by 4,000 persons. In August, 1874, the first ammal meet- ing of the Patrons was held at the Bowling Green fair grounds, when less than half that number of people attended. There were then only thirteen Granges in the county, with a membership of 600; while at the second meeting nineteen granges, claiming 1, 100 members were repre- sented. The names of several associations are given as follows, beginning with the "Pioneer " of Weston township, which was or- ganized September 18, 1873: Pioneer, of Wes- ton; Custar, of Milton; Enterprise, of Washing- ton; Pleasant Ridge, of Plain and Liberty; North Plain, of Washington and Plain; Sugar Ridge, of Center; Hull's Prairie. of Middleton; Live Oak, of Liberty and Milton; Glenn, of Center and Web- ster; Bloom, of Bloom; Hammansburg, of Bloom and Henry; Hoytville, of Jackson and Henry; West Creek, of Jackson: Prairie, of Weston: Lib- erty, of Liberty; Prospect, of Montgomery: Bell- ville Ridge, of Perrysburg; and Webster, of Web- ster: all formed the County Grange, of which s. R. Junkins was then master. The records of a few of the granges have been brought to light
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and the result of an examination of them given in the township chapters.
The County Council Patrons of Husbandry was organized at Pleasant Ridge, March 14, 1874. with seven granges. E. Brisbin, of Prairie Grange, was elected president, with A. Brisbin, secretary. Guy C. Nearing, C. P. Fox, A. Hampshire, A. B. Abbott, S. R. Junkins, A. Fer- guson, A. Rowland, M. Lane and J. Champion were also council officers. This society of agri- culturalists is in existence; but the few subordi- nate councils or granges may be said to be supreme in their lodges.
The Wood County Fair Company made the first exhibit in October, 1882. Fruit, vegetables, grain, stock, agricultural implements, carriages, : Hopper and Robert Place, executive committee.
and even a printing office, were all gathered on the Fair grounds. The first daily paper of Wood county was printed and sold on the grounds. Its four pages, each 133 x 10} inches, were filled with interesting fair and local news, nearly a column being devoted to the preparations making by Sheriff Reid for the execution of Carl Bach.
The Farmers' Institute, organized in IS89. holds an annual meeting for the discussion of subjects relating to the garden and farm. The Fifth Institute was held in December, 1894. In January, 1896, Joseph Gray was elected presi- dent; William Hannah, vice-president; Mrs. J. L. Kramer, secretary; J. D. Halsey, treasurer: W. H. Tracy, G. W. Callin, H. C. Strow, J. J.
CHAPTER XXIII.
INDIAN AND PIONEER TRAILS-EARLY ROADS, BRIDGES, ETC .- THE "MUD PIKE"-TURN-PIKES -PERRYSBURG AND FINDLAY PLANK ROAD COMPANY-FERRYMEN-PERRYSBURG MARINE- INCIDENTS-WRECKS-COMPARISONS-RAILROADS.
T HERE are no evidences, such as mounds, extensive burying grounds, or old worn trails, in Wood county, toindicate that there was ever anything more than a temporary occupation for war, hunting, and, at a later date, for sugar making in some of the maple ridges on or near streams. There was a trail from Tontog- any creek through the chain of sand ridges to the Portage river, above the Infirmary building. and another from the waters of Beaver creek to the Portage. These trails were used mostly by the Ottawas, and their adherent bands of other tribes with them at their village on the north side of the Maumee, below Providence, in their jour- neys to and from the Sandusky river country and the lake about the mouth of Portage creek. A creek or river afforded the Indian an easy way of transporting by canoe his furs and such baggage as he and his squaws possessed, while he could at the same time fish. hunt and trap as he traveled. It may be that it was in this way that the Portage came by its name. On the early maps it is called Portage, or " Carrying " river. Portage, or Por- tazh, as the French voyagers have it, meaning a carry between two streams or lakes or around an obstruction to navigation in a stream -- that is, a place where the boat must be unloaded and the
cargo carried across, and often the boat, if not too heavy, is dragged across. The birch canoe of the northern Indians, because of its lightness. was especially adapted to water where carrying places were frequent. There was another trail used on the journey between Detroit and the Ohio river, which crossed at the lower end of the Maumee Rapids and passed through northeastern Wood county, as close to the lake as the marshy land would permit, in the direction of Sandusky Bay, beyond which it branched - one trail lead- ing to the upper Ohio, the other to Chillicothe and points lower down. These latter trails were. during subsequent years, much used in war expe- ditions by both French and English, and by trad- ers and explorers making land journeys south. but this end of the trail was never popular with the Indians, at least that part of it across the wet lands of Wood.
Hull's Trace and Harrison's Trace are fully described in the chapter on the War of 18te. and references made to the army trails and first roads in the chapters on the Townships.
The early roads, considered by the commis- sioners of Wood county, included one from the foot of the Maumee Rapids to Bellefontaine -a section of which forms to-day the main street of
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Bowling Green. On June 30, 1820, James Carlin, Ephraim L. Leaming and Norman L. Freeman were appointed viewers. The cost of laying out and surveying that road is given as follows: Wilson Vance, for two days survey- ing-83.50; Norman L. Freeman, two days view- ing and one surveying-$3.75: Ephraim H. Leaming, three days viewing-$3.00; Samuel H. Ewing, two days carrying chain-$1.50; James Carlin, three days viewing -- $3.00; Ezra Kelly, one day marking on the road-75 cents; Thomas Leaming, one day carrying chain-75 cents; Thomas Melrath, one day carrying chain-75 cents; James H. Slawson, one day carrying chain-75 cents; Jacob Wilkinson, a day and one- half chaining-$1. 123 ; or a total of $18.871.
Bonds given by Peter G. Oliver for $2,000 to open the State road from the foot of the Rapids to Fort Findlay, and by Jacob Wilkinson for $50, for viewing a road from Perrysburg to a point opposite Francis Charter's house, were accepted by the commissioners in 1820. Norman L. Free- man surveyed that road, and reported fully on his work July 11, when the commissioners de- clared it to be a public highway. The con- tractors -- Thomas McHrath, Francis Charter and Isaac Richardson-did not open lots 1, 2 and 3, of this road according to contract, and, in De- cember, were decidedly at loggerheads with the exacting commissioners; nor did Peter G. Oliver and A. Spafford escape their vigilance. In Feb- ruary, 1821, the commissioners, themselves, viewed the State and other roads, considered the contracts completed, and settled amicably with the persons named.
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The Act of February 2, 1821, providing for a State road from Fort Meigs to " Wapa- koneta," was observed prior to November 21. that year, when John Johnson, of Miami county, and Samuel Marshall, of Shelby, submitted the plat and field notes. Such documents are copied in the back of the pioneer record book of Wood county. The plat and field notes, reported by Almon Gibbs and John Perkins, of the road from the town of Maumee to Fort Defiance, must also be interesting to surveyors and topographers, while the old record book presents several re- ports on other State and county roads. That old volmine is deserving of the best care which lovers of old books, in this old county, can be- stow.
considered until June, 1824, when a road, sixty feet wide, was ordered. At this time a road from Perrysburg to Grand Rapids was considered. and Ambrose Rice, Victory Jennison and Thomas R. Mcknight were appointed viewers, while a year after the road from the Foot of the Rapids, in the direction of Tecumseh, Mich .. was ordered. Of the $309. 12 received from the three per cent. fund in 1826, the sum of $200 was set aside to be expended on the road from David Hull's cabin to Fort Findlay, and the residue to be expended in constructing bridges on that and on the road between Roche de Boeuf and Minard's, on the county line -- all to be expended under the direc- tion of Guy Nearing. In March, 1829, a road from Perrysburg to the Michigan line was ordered to be viewed, and in June a road from Carlin's "stone shop," crossing the Maumee at the ford, to the Perrysburg road, was authorized. Activity in road opening may be said to be first mani- fested in June, 1830, when petitions for new roads and changing the lines of old roads began to pour in. The Legislature in February, 1830. appointed James M. Workman and Thomas F. Jotin to locate a State road from Bellefontaine to Perrysburg, the line from Findlay to be between Ranges 10 and II to the Foot of the Rapids. This item, with several petitions for public roads. was considered in June, 1831, while in 1832 the Act for opening a road from Perrysburg to Bu- cyrus, described in the history of Freedom town- ship as the Mccutchenville road, was discussed and the road declared a public highway.
The beginnings of the Manmee and Western Reserve road are told in the chapter on Public Lands. The construction of the "mud pike " was begun in 1825. and the road from Lower Sandusky to Perrysburg was lifted, so to speak. out of the swamp. That inud-road, the subject of all this legislation, was a veritable quagmire at certain seasons. Along the course were thirty- two taverns, where belated passengers might ob- tain refreshment and shelter, while the teamsters were engaged in lifting coach or wagon out of the mud holes. During the winter of 1837-38 its condition was so intolerable that the State granted a sum of $40,000 to be expended in filling the holes and macadamizing the road. In the report of the committee it was shown that a single stage coach in December, 1837, carried seventeen sacks of mail from Sandusky, and another, forty sacks. which had accumulated at Sandusky, owing to the fear of the drivers to undertake the trip to Perrysburg. At the same time, it was proved that during the winter months of 183; 3. no
A road from the Foot of the Rapids to Leam- ing & Stewart's sawmill, on Swan creek, was authorized in June, 1823, and Francis Charter, David Hull and Horatio Conant were appointed to view and survey it; but their report was not , less than 5. 500 travelers passed over the road.
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2. 300 sleighs and sleds and 300 wagons, averag- ing for each day 18o footinen and 86 sleighs and wagons. In the summer of 1838 the work of macadamizing, from Perrysburg to the Portage river, commenced, under the superintendence of Gen. John Patterson, and the whole line to the Western Reserve was completed in 1842.
One of the first turnpikes suggested by the people of Perrysburg, was that built in 1845. On March 7, that year, the commissioners talked with the directors of the Perrysburg, Findlay and Kenton Turnpike Road Co., on the subject of the purchase of that road, within the county. On March 10, a sale was negotiated by Willard V. Way, president. John McMahan and Schuyler N. Beach, directors of the road company of the first part, and the commissioners of the second part, on condition that all contracts on the road would be completed or declared abandoned on or before May 10, 1845. The county agreed to pay the amount of all contracts as well as $252 for engineering expenses and the claim of W. P. Rezner. This was a mud road of a very poor description. In the course of a few years, enter- prising men secured it as a right of way for a plank road, and in a few more years that part of it north of Bowling Green was planked.
The Perrysburg and Findlay Plank Road Co., was chartered by the Legislature February 3. 1849-Schuyler N. Beach, George Powers, E. D. Peck, W. H. Hopkins, Willard V. Way, Joseph Sargent and Collister Haskins et al. being the corporators. Under the section of the law, Plain township voted $2,000 subscription, by a major- ity of nine at the second election, and Perrys- burg township subscribed $5,000. These sums, with the capital of the projectors, were expended in the construction of a plank road (from Perrys- burg to a point near the north line of the present town of Bowling Green), under the superintend- ency of John McMahan. A steam sawmill four miles south of Perrysburg, and one four miles north of Bowling Green, were used in sawing the native woods into plank, and, in 1853, or there- ! abouts, the road was completed and the inevitable toll-gate established. Perrysburg interests sug- i gested the old turnpike as well as the plank road, intending to make the town accessible to the farmers in the interior; but the road was turned to the advantage of the precocious village near the county's center, and exercised no small in- fluence in advancing the new town. The record of roads might be continued od infinitum. Enough has been told, however, to point out the early roads and the pioneers connected with their construction. To go into the numerous
turnpike road enterprises, of 1857-58 and later years, is entirely beyond the scope of this chapter.
Ferrymen .- The ferrymen must be named: for, not only did they carry on important work here before the days of bridges, but also paid license for the privilege of serving the people. On October 6, 1820, George Patterson was li- censed to run a ferry across the Maumee river. which license was renewed in 1821; Almon Gibbs was permitted to place a ferry at Miami, October 6, 1820, which he carried on until his death, in 1822; Moses Rice, at Fort Defiance; Horatio Conant, on the Maumee, March, 1823. to 1827: Daniel Hubbell, on the Maumee, from 1823 to 1834; Timothy F. Upton, on the Maumee. 1828 to 1831 ; and Eunice Upton. 1831-33; Jonathan Wood, from 1833 to 1838; Ezra Sawyer, 1835- 36; Johnson White, at Miltonville, 1836-43: Hemperly & Brown. 1837-38; Marmaduke Bunt- ing, 1838-39; S. H. Stedman, 1844-45; and D. W. H. Howard, 1844-45. at Grand Rapids. The old record book closes in 1844. Though defic- ient in giving locations of ferries, it is complete in the record of names and amounts paid for per- mits, and to it must be credited the writer's op- portunity to deal even thus briefly with the early ferrymen.
Perrysburg Marine, -The first craft on the Maumee was undoubtedly the light canoe of the Indian, which, as its owners became lower in nature's scale, gave place to the cumbersome "dug out," a stout but tricky boat, which the English-speaking pioneers adopted on their coming. What were the names of the craft. which carried the early French explorers along the Erie coast of Ohio and up her navigable rivers, may never be known, nor will the historian be permitted to write the names of the little. trusty vessels, which carried to the Foot of the Rapids, the hardiest and happiest souls ever identified with the inauguration of In- dian trade in the West. The coureur-des-bois left no record of the boats behind. Since 18to, however, the newspaper reporter and custo:n- house official have made it a duty to keep a record of the river marine, and from such records the following facts are taken. The old journal. known as Miami of the Lake, published in April, 1846, a list of schooners, steamboats and propel- lers, built on the Maninee below the rapids.
In the first-class were the " Miami." built in ISto, a schooner of 25 tons; the "Guerriere." in 1827, 75 tons; the " Eagle, " in 1827, 130 tons: the " Antelope." in 1828, 75 tons; the "Michigan, " in 1832, 130 tons; the " Walter
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Joy," in 1835. 130 tons; the .Caroline." 50 tons; the "Gazelle." 75 tons, and the " John Hollister." 130 tons, were also built in 1835, the " Favorite, " 150 tons. in 1837, and the "Scot- land," 100 tons, in 1845-all constructed at Perrysburg, with the exception of the "Guer- riere," which was built at the mouth of Swan creek. Across the river, at Maumee. the " Mer- chant," 75 tons, was launched in 1834: the " Tip- pecanoe," 50 tons, in 1836; the . Maria," 100 tons, in 1836; the "Chippewa," 25 tons, in 1837; the "Tom Corwin." of similar burden, in 1840; the " Robert Hollister, " 120 tons, in 1844. and the " Ireland," in 1846. The " Major Oli- ver." built below Perrysburg in 1837, was of 150 tons burden, and the " Ottawa, " built at Oregon the same year, 130 tons burden. They were all schooners like the " Chippewa," which was con- structed at Chippewa in 1809 and brought into the Perrysburg trade in 1810 by her master, Capt. Anderson Martin, who built the " Miami." Both vessels were captured by the British in 1812, but were recaptured by Perry, during the naval fight. and restored to Martin, who placed them in serv- ice for conveying Harrison's army across to Canada and up the Thames in pursuit of Proctor.
In 1833 steamboat building was introduced below Perrysburg. when the .. Detroit, " 200 tons. was launched. In 1835 the " Commodore Perry,' 350 tons, was built at the Perrysburg yards; in 1837, the "General Wayne," 390 tons; the same year. the " John Marshall. 35 tons; in 1838 the "General Vance," 50 tons; in 1844 the " St. Louis," 618 tons; and, in 1845, the " Superior," 567 tons-all owned by Perrysburg investors. The work of steamboat building began at Mau- mee in 1838, when the " Chesapeake. " 412 tons, was launched. In 1840 the "General Harri- son," 326 tons was placed in service; in 1843 the " James Wolcott, " So tons; 1845, the " Troy." 547 tons; while at Toledo, the "Indiana, " 550 tons, was launched. The " Oliver Newberry " and " Andrew Jackson," built at Detroit, were purchased for the Maumee trade, and other sailing and steam craft brought in under purchase.
The first propeller built at Perrysburg was the "Sampson, " 250 tons, in 1843, and the sec- ond the "Princeton," 400 tons, in 1845. The "Globe," 300 tons, was launched from the Maumee yards in 1845. but like the others was owned by individual citizens of Perrysburg, and by the Perrysburg Steamboat Company.
The old captains were Martin, of the Mi- ami;" Jacob Wilkinson, of the " Black Snake" (1815): David Wilkinson, of the " Guerriere " (1826), and of the ". Eagle " (1828): Amos Pratt,
of the "Antelope" (1829), of the " Maria " . (1832), of the " Merchant" (1833), and of the " Gazelle," (1834); David Wilkinson, captain of the steamboat " Commodore Perry " (1835): E. K. Forbes, of the " Caroline " (1835). and of the " Favorite" (1837); C. V. Jennison, of the " Maria " (1836); D. P. Nickerson, of the " Wal- ter Joy" (1835); Amos Pratt of the steamboat " General Wayne" (1837); Jesse Bailey, of the "Oregon" (1837); Charles G. Keeler. of the " Major Oliver " (1837); Shibnah Spink. of the steamboat . Gen. Vance " (1838); I. T. Pheatt. of the "Indiana " (1841); Amos Pratt, of the " Sampson " (1843); G. W. Floyd, of the " St. Louis" (1844); Amos Pratt. of the .. Princeton " (1845); David Wilkinson, of the . Superior " (1845); C. G. Keeler, of the " Robert Hollister " (1846); Charles Ludlow, of the " Globe " (1846 ;; Selah Dustin, of the " John Hollister " ( 1847). and William Wilkinson, of the " Defiance (1847). In 1818 the historic steamboat . Walk in the Water," was built for the Buffalo and Orleans trade, but it failed to run the bar below Perrysburg, and was placed on the Detroit line. Such schooners as the " Nancy Jane," of which Jacob Wilkinson was master; the " Sally, " sailed by William Pratt, the ". Walter." by Amos S. Reed. and the "Leopard " by John T. Baldwin, entered the river to the Foot of the Rapids in 1818 and 1819. The " Fire Fly," Luther Harvey master. entered in 1820. In 1823. Capt. Baldwin.
named above, sailed the 12-ton schooner .. Happy Return." while Isaac Richardson was master of the " Wapakoneta," a little boat of 12 tons. The " Vermillion." 34 tons, of which John Bald- win was master, and " The Packet " of Miami. sailed by Almon Reed. entered in 1824. This Reed was master of the " Lady Washington " in 1825. In 1830, Henry Brooks brought in the "Essex," a schooner of 30 tons; in 1831. the " Independence " sailed by James Foster, en- tered the port, and these boats, with nearly all of those built at Perrysburg, Manmee and Toledo, may be said to have been engaged in the Maumee trade. In 1837. the steamboat .. Gen. Wayne," under Capt. H. C. Williams, plied between the Head of the Rapids and Flat Rock, near Defiance, So that passengers might leave Perrysburg at noon and arrive at Defiance about 7 o'clock in the evening. or leave Defiance at 6 o'clock in the morning and arrive at the Head of the Rapids about noon. In May, 1838, the " Andrew Jack- son " ran between Perrysburg and Manhattan. stopping at Maumee, Oregon. Upper Toledo and Lower Toledo four times a day, and, in 1830, the "Oliver Newberry " and "Erie" made regular
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trips between Perrysburg and Detroit, leaving at :. 30 A. M. and arriving at Detroit about 4 P. M. Prior to this, even from 1822, a number of lake vessels called regularly at Perrysburg en route from Buffalo to Detroit.
In 1846, the aggregate tonnage of the Maumee Valley was more than half the steamboat ton- tage of the lakes in 1835, and lacked only a ton of being one-fourth of the entire steamboat tounage of 1845. The tonnage of sailing ves- sels, constructed in the Valley, lacked only 1, 025 pounds of being one-fifth of the aggregate lake tonnage in 1835, and only 875 pounds of being one-fourteenth the aggregate tonnage of 1846.
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