USA > Ohio > Historical collections of Ohio, containing a collection of the most interesting facts, traditions, biographical sketches, anecdotes, etc., relating to its general and local history : with descriptions of its counties, principal towns, and villages > Part 83
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Besides every section 16, set apart, as elsewhere, for the support of schools, every section
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29 is appropriated for the support of religious institutions. In addition to which were also granted two six miles square townships, for the use of a college.
But unfortunately for the Ohio company, owing to their want of topographical knowledge of the country, the body of land selected by them, with some partial exceptions, is the most hilly and sterile of any tract of similar extent in the state.
Donation tract is a body of 100,000 acres, set off in the northern limits of the Ohio com- pany's tract, and granted to them by congress, provided they should obtain one actual settler upon each hundred acres thereof, within five years from the date of the grant; and that so much of the 100,000 acres aforesaid, as should not thus be taken up, shall revert to the general government.
This tract may, in some respects, be considered a part of the Ohio company's purchase. It is situated in the northern limits of Washington county. It lies in an oblong shape, ex- tending nearly 17 miles from east to west, and about 73 from north to south.
Symmes' purchase, a tract of 311,682 acres of land, in the southwestern quarter of the state, between the Great and Little Miami rivers. It borders on the Ohio river a distance of 27 miles, and extends so far back from the latter between the two Miamis, as to include the quantity of land just mentioned. It was patented to John Cleves Symmes, in 1794, for 67 cents per acre. Every 16th section, or square mile, in each township, was reserved by congress for the use of schools, and sections 29 for the support of religious institutions, beside 15 acres around Fort Washington, in Cincinnati. This tract of country is now one of the most valuable in the state.
Refugee tract, a body of 100,000 acres of land granted by congress to certain indi- viduals who left the British provinces during the revolutionary war, and espoused the cause of freedom. It is a narrow strip of country, 43 miles broad from north to south, and ex- tending eastwardly from the Scioto river 48 miles. It has the United States' XX ranges of military or army lands north, and XXII ranges of congress lands south. In the western borders of this tract is situated the town of Columbus.
French grant, a tract of 24,000 acres of land, bordering upon the Ohio river, in the south- eastern quarter of Scioto county. It was granted by congress, in March, 1795, to a number of French families, who lost their lands at Gallipolis, by invalid titles. Twelve hundred acres, additional, were afterwards granted, adjoining the above mentioned tract at its lower end, toward the mouth of Little Scioto river.
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Dohrman's grant is one six mile square township, of 23,040 acres, granted to Arnold Henry Dohrman, formerly a wealthy Portuguese merchant in Lisbon, for and in considera- tion of his having, during the revolutionary war, given shelter and aid to the American cruisers and vessels of war. It is located in the southeastern part of Tuscarawas county.
Moravian lands are three several tracts of 4000 acres each, originally granted by the old continental congress, July, 1787, and confirmed, by the act of congress of Ist June, 1796, to the Moravian brethren at Bethlehem, in Pennsylvania, in trust and for the use of the christianized Indians living thereon. They are laid out in nearly square forms, on the Muskingum river, in what is now Tuscarawas county. They are called by the names of the Shoenbrun, Gnadenhutten and Salem tracts.
Zane's tracts are three several tracts of one mile square each-one on the Muskingum, which includes the town of Zanesville-one at the cross of the Hocking river, on which the town of Lancaster is laid out-and the third, on the left bank of the Scioto river, opposite Chillicothe. They were granted by congress to one Ebenezer Zane, in May, 1796, on condition that he should open a road through them, from Wheeling, in Virginia, to Mays- ville, in Kentucky.
There are also three other tracts, of one mile square each, granted to Isaac Zane, in the year 1802, in consideration of his having been taken prisoner by the Indians, when a boy, during the revolutionary war, and living with them most of his life; and having, during that time, performed many acts of kindness and beneficence toward the American people. These tracts are situated in Champain county, on King's creek, from three to five miles northwest from Urbana.
The Maumee land roads, are a body of lands, averaging 2 miles wide, lying along 1 mile on each side of the road from the Maumee river at Perrysburg, to the western limits of the Western Reserve ; a distance of about 46 miles; and comprising nearly 60,000 acres. They were originally granted by the Indian owners, at the treaty of Brownstown in 1808, to enable the United States to make a road on the line just mentioned. The general government never moved in the business, until February, 1823, when congress passed an act, making over the aforesaid lands to the state of Ohio; provided she would, within 4 years thereafter, make and keep in repair, a good road throughout the aforesaid route of 46 miles. This road the state government has already made ; and obtained possession, and sold most of the land.
71
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ADDENDA.
Turnpike lands, are forty-nine sections, amounting to 31,360 acres, situated along the western side of the Columbus and Sandusky turnpike, in the eastern parts of Seneca, Crawford and Marion counties. They were originally granted by an act of congress, on the 3d of March, 1827, and more specifically by a supplementary act, the year following. The considerations for which these lands were granted, were that the mail stages and all troops and property of the United States, which should ever be moved and transported along this road, shall pass free from toll.
The Ohio canal lands, are lands granted by congress to the state of Ohio to aid in con- structing her extensive canals. These lands comprise over 1 million of acres, a large pro- portion of which is now (1847) in market.
School Lands. By compact between the United States and the state of Ohio, when the latter was admitted into the Union, it was stipulated, for and in consideration that the state of Ohio should never tax the congress lands ; until after they should have been sold 5 years ; and in consideration that the public lands would thereby more readily sell, that the one thirty-sixth part of all the territory included within the limits of the state, should be set apart, for the support of common schools therein. And, for the purpose of getting at lands, which should, in point of quality of soil be on an average with the whole land in the country ; they decreed that it should be selected, by lot, in small tracts each, to wit: that it should consist of section number 16, let that section be good or bad, in every town- ship of congress lands ; also in the Ohio company, and in Symmes' purchases ; all of which townships are composed of 36 sections each ; and for the United States' military lands, and Connecticut Reserve ; a number of quarter townships, 23 miles square each, (being the smallest public surveys therein, then made,) should be selected by the secretary of the treasury, in different places throughout the United States' military tract ; equivalent in quantity, to the one thirty-sixth part of those two tracts respectively. And for the Virginia military tract, congress enacted that a quantity of land equal to the one thirty- sixth part of the estimated quantity of land contained therein, should be selected by lot, in what was then called the " New Purchase," in quarter township tracts of 3 miles square each. Most of these selections were accordingly made : but, in some instances by the carelessness of the officers conducting the sales, or from some other cause, a few sections 16 have been sold; in which case, congress, when applied to, have generally granted other lands in lieu thereof; as for instance, no section 16 was reserved in Montgomery township, in which Columbus is situated ; and congress, afterwards granted therefor, sec- tion 21, in the township cornering thereon to the southeast.
College townships, are three 6 miles square townships, granted by congress ; two of them to the Ohio company, for the use of a college to be established within their purchase, and one for the use of the inhabitants of Symmes' purchase.
Ministerial Lands. In both the Ohio company and in Symmes' purchase, every section 29, (equal to one thirty-sixth part of every township,) is reserved, as a permanent fund for the support of a settled minister. As the purchasers of these two tracts came from parts of the union where it was customary and deemed necessary to have a regular settled cler- gyman in every town, they therefore stipulated in their original purchase, that a permanent fund, in land, should thus be set apart for this purchase. In no other part of the state, other than in these two purchases, are any lands set apart for this object.
Salt Sections. Near the centre of what is now Jackson county, congress originally re- served from sale, thirty-six sections, or one six mile square township, around and inclu- ding what was called the Scioto salt licks; also one quarter of a 5 mile square township in what is now Delaware county; in all, forty-two and a quarter sections, or 27,040 acres. By an act of congress of the 28th of December, 1824, the legislature of Ohio was authori- zed to sell these lands, and to apply the proceeds thereof to such literary purposes, as said legislature may think proper ; but to no other purpose whatever.
OFFICERS OF THE TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT,
APPOINTED IN 1788, UNDER THE ORDINANCE OF CONGRESS
Arthur St. Clair, Governor.
Samuel H. Parsons, James M. Varnum, John Cleves Symmes, Judges.
Winthrop Sargeant, Secretary. William H. Harrison was subsequently appointed mec- retary of the territory ; he was afterwards elected delegate to congress.
563
ADDENDA.
GOVERNORS OF THE STATE, AFTER THE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION.
Edward Tiffin, elected and sworn, 3d March, 1803
Thomas Kirker,* (acting governor part of the year,) 1808
Samuel Huntington, elected and sworn in, 1808
Return J. Meigs, do. do.
1810
Othniel Looker,* (acting governor part of the year,)
1814
Thomas Worthington, elected,
1814
Ethan Allen Brown, do.
1818
Allen 'Trimble,* (acting governor part of the year,) .
1822
Jeremiah Morrow, elected,
1822
Allen Trimble, do.
1826
Duncan McArthur,
do.
1830
Robert Lucas,
do.
1832
Joseph Vance,
do.
1836
Wilson Shannon,
do.
1838
Thomas Corwin,
1840
Wilson Shannon,
do. do.
1842
Thos. W. Bartley,* (acting governor,)
1843
Mordecai Bartley, elected,
1844
William Bebb,
do.
1846
Seabury Ford,
do.,
1848;
Reuben Wood, do., 1850.
MEMBERS OF THE CONVENTION,
WHO FORMED THE STATE CONSTITUTION, ADOPTED IN CONVENTION AT CHILLICOTHE, NOVEMBER 29TH, 1803.
EDWARD TIFFIN, President and representative from the county of Ross.
Adams County .- Joseph Darlinton, Israel Donalson and Thomas Kirker.
Belmont County .- James Caldwell and Elijah Woods.
Clermont County .- Philip Gatch and James Sargent.
Fairfield County .- Henry Abrams and Emanuel Carpenter.
Hamilton County .- John W. Browne, Charles Willing Byrd, Francis Dunlavy, William Goforth, John Kitchel, Jeremiah Morrow, John Paul, John Riley, John Smith and John Wilson.
Jefferson County .- Rudolph Bair, George Humphrey, John Milligan, Nathan Updegraff and Bezaleel Wells.
Ross County .- Michael Baldwin, James Grubb, Nathaniel Massie and T. Worthington. Trumbull County .- David Abbott and Samuel Huntington.
Washington County .- Ephraim Cutler, Benjamin Ives Gillman, John M'Intire and Ru- fus Putnam.
Thomas Scott, secretary of the convention.
The following embraces the names of all the members of the U. S. Senate and House of Representatives, who have from time to time been elected, and have represented Ohio in the National Congress.
SENATORS OF CONGRESS.
In. Out.
In. Out.
William Allen,
1837-49
Thomas Morris, 1833-39
Ethan A. Brown,
1822-25
Jeremiah Morrow,
1813-19
Jacob Burnet,
1828-31
Benjamin Ruggles, 1815-33
Alexander Campbell,
1809-13
John Smith, 1803-08
Thomas Corwin, 1845-50
Benjamin Tappan,
1839-45
Thomas Ewing, 1831-37,-50-51
Edward Tiffin,
1807-09
S. Griswold,
1809-09
William A. Trimble, 1819-22
William H. Harrison,
1825-28
Thomas Worthington,
1810-14
Return J. Meigs,
1808-10
S. P. Chase,
1849-55.
B. F. Wade,
1851-57.
Joseph Kerr,
1814-15
1803-07
* Those marked with a star, were presidents of the senate, who were, by the constitution, governors for short periods only.
564
ADDENDA. REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS.
John Alexander,
1813-17
A. Loomis, 1837-38
J. Alexander, jr.,
1837-39
Robert T. Lytle,
1833-35
William Allen,
1833-35
Samson Mason,
1835-43
John W. Allen,
1837-41
Joshua Mathiot,
1841-43
S. J. Andrews,
1841-43
James Matthews,
1841-45
Levi Barber,
1821-23
W. C. M'Causlen,
-45
Mordecai Bartley,
1823-31
J. J. M'Dowell,
1843-47
Reasin Beall,
1813-15
John M'Lean,
1813-16
Philemon Beecher,
1823-29
Jeremiah M'Lene,
1833-37
James M. Bell,
1833-35
William M'Millan,
1800-01
William K. Bond,
1835-41
William Medill,
1839-43
J. Brinckerhoff,
1843-47
Robert Mitchell,
1833-35
Henry Brush,
1819-21
Calvary Morris,
1837-43
James Caldwell,
1813-17
Joseph Morris,
1843-47
John W. Campbell,
1817-27
David Chambers,
1821-23
1841-43
John Chaney,
1833-39
Francis Muhlenberg,
1828-
David Clendenin,
1815-17
Isaac Parish,
-47
Eleutheros Cooke,
1831-33
John Patterson,
1823-25
Thomas Corwin,
1831-40
William Patterson,
1833-38
Benjamin S. Cowen,
1841-43
E. D. Potter,
-45
Joseph H. Crane,
1829-37
Augustus L. Perril,
-47
William Creighton,
1827-33
Joseph Ridgeway,
1837-43
John D. Cummings,
-47
Thomas R. Ross,
1819-25
Frais A. Cunningham,
-47
Joseph M. Root,
-47
John Davenport,
1827-29
Ezra Dean,
1841-45
Columbus Delano,
-47
William Sawyer,
1843-47
R. C. Schenck,
1843-47
Alexander Duncan,
-45
Matthias Shepler,
1837-39
James J. Faran,
-47
James Shields,
1829-31
Paul Fearing,
1801-03
John Sloane,
1819-29
James Findlay,
1825-33
Jonathan Sloane,
1833-37
Elias Florence,
-45
David Spangler,
1833-37
George Fries,
-47
William Stanberry,
1827-33
James W. Gazley,
1823-25
D. A. Starkweather,
1845-47
Samuel Stokeley,
1841-43
Bellamy Storer,
1835-37
Thomas L. Hamer,
1833-39
Henry Swearingen,
1839-41
George Sweeney,
1839-43
Henry St. John,
1843-47
William H. Harrison,
1816-1819
Jonathan Taylor,
1839-41
John Hastings,
1839-43
1825-27
Samuel Herrick,
1817-21
1829-37
Peter Hitchcock,
1817-19
1821-35
Elias Howell,
1835-37
1843-47
William H. Hunter,
1837-39
-45
William W. Irvin,
1829-33
1823-37
David Jennings,
1825-26
P. B. Johnson,
-45
1833-39
Benjamin Jones,
1833-37
D. R. Tilden,
1843-47
William Kennon,
1835-37
John B. Weller,
1839-45
James Kilbourne,
1813-17
Elisha Whittlesey,
1823-39
Daniel Kilgore,
1835-39
William Wilson,
1823-27
Humphrey H. Leavitt,
1831-34
John Woods,
1825-29
D. P. Leadbetter,
1837-41
John C. Wright,
1823-29
Charles G. Coffin,
1838-39
N. G. Pendleton,
1841-43
1827-33
William Russell,
1841-43
William Doane,
1839-43
1837-41
Thomas Shannon,
1826-27
Joshua R. Giddings,
1839-47
Patrick G. Goode,
1837-43
John M. Goodenow,
1829-31
Alexander Harper,
1837-47
1799-1800
John Thompson,
Joseph Vance,
J. J. Vanmeter,
Samuel F. Vinton,
1843-47
Taylor Webster,
1829-33
Allen G. Sherman
-47
1817-19
Duncan M'Arthur,
1823-25
1817-21
William M'Lene,
1823-29
1803-13
Jeremiah Morrow,
1839-41
1813-17
1839-41
565
ADDENDA.
CLARK COUNTY .*
There are three old men now living in this county, viz., John Humphries, David Lowry and Griffith Foos, from whom we have gathered the following particulars respecting the early history of Springfield, and also some incidents connected with the first settle- ments made in the vicinity. Messrs. Humphries, Lowry and Foos, are all men of great respectability, and are well known to all the early settlers of this region of Ohio.
John Humphries is now 83 years of age, David Lowry about 77, and Griffith Foos about 75.
John Humphries came to what is now Clark county with General Simon Kenton, in 1799 ; with them emigrated six families from Ken- tucky, and made the first settlement in the neighborhood of what is now Springfield, north of the ground on which was afterwards located the town. At this time, he is the only survivor of those of his companions and associates who were at the time heads of families. Mr. Humphries speaks of a fort which was erected on Mad river, two miles from the site of Springfield ; this fort contained within its pickets 14 cabins, and was erected for the purpose of common secu- rity against the Indians.
David Lowry came into Ohio in the spring of 1795. He built the first flat boat, to use his own language, "that ever navigated the Great Miami river from Dayton down, which was in the year 1800." He took the same boat to New Orleans, laden with pickled pork, 500 venison hams, and bacon. Lowry, with one Jonathan Donnell, made the second settlement within what is now the limits of Clark county ; Demint's was the third settlement. The first corn crop raised in the neighborhood of Springfield was in 1796. Two men, whose names were Krebs and Brown, cultivated the crop. Lowry hunted for the party while they were engaged in tending the crop ; the ground occupied was about 3 miles west of the site of Spring- field. He raised a crop of corn the ensuing year, and also accom- panied the party that surveyed and laid out the first road from Dayton to Springfield. He and Jonathan Donnell killed, in one season, in their settlement, 17 bears, and in the course of his life, he states he has killed 1000 deer; and that he once shot a she bear and 2 cubs in less than three minutes.
Griffith Foos, with several other persons, came into what is now Springfield, in the month of March, 1801. They were in search of a healthy region, having become wearied with the sickly condition of the Scioto valley. The laying off what is now called the old town of Springfield, was commenced March 17th, 1801. Mr. Foos commenced the first public house ever kept in the place : it was a log house, situated on the lot directly opposite to the National hotel, now kept by William Werden. He opened his house in June, 1801,
* Communicated by a resident of Springfield.
566
ADDENDA.
and continued it without intermission until the 10th of May, 1814. He states that he and his party were 42 days getting from Franklin- ton, on the Scioto, to Springfield, a distance of forty-two miles. In crossing Big Darby, they were obliged to carry all their goods on horseback, and then to drag their wagon across with ropes, while some of the party swam by the side of the wagon to prevent it from upsetting. In 1807, in consequence of the alarm which the neigh- borhood felt on account of the Indians, Mr. Foos' house was turned into a fort. This was the first building erected in the place. Saml. Simonton erected the first frame house in the county in 1807. Wm. Ross built the first brick house, which is still standing on the SE. corner of South and Market streets.
These early settlers represent the county at that day as being very beautiful. North of the site of Springfield, for 14 miles, upon the land which is now thick with woods, there could not, from 1801 to 1809, have been found a sufficiency of poles to have made hoops for a meat cart. The forest consisted of large trees, with no under- growth, and the ground was finely sodded.
Mr. Griffith Foos speaks of an old hunter by the name of James Smith, from Kentucky, who was at his house in 1810, who stated that he was in this neighborhood fifty years previously with the Indians, and that up the prairie, NE. of the town of Springfield, they started some buffalo and elk.
The first house of worship built in Springfield was in 1811 : one man gave the ground-Foos gave a handsome young horse ($10) to- wards hewing the logs and preparing the shingles. It was a place of worship free to all denominations, and was built right south of a public house which stands directly west of Mill run, on the south side of the national road.
The early settlers were unequalled for their kindness, honesty and hospitality. Mr. Foos says, that, at his raising, there were present 40 men before breakfast, and from a distance of from 7 to 10 miles ; and Lowry says, that at Isaac Zane's raising, there were persons from 40 miles distance.
DEFIANCE COUNTY.
The annexed description of the settlement at the junction of the Auglaize with the Maumee about the year 1792, is from the narra- tive of O. M. Spencer :
On this high ground, (since the site of Fort Defiance, erected by General Wayne, in 1794,) extending from the Maumee a quarter of a mile up the Auglaize, about two hun- dred yards in width, was an open space, on the west and south of which were oak woods, with hazel undergrowth. Within this opening, a few hundred yards above the point, on the steep high bank of the Auglaize, were five or six cabins and log houses, inhabited princi- pally by Indian traders. The most northerly, a large hewed log house, divided below into three apartments, was occupied as a warehouse, store, and dwelling, by George Ironside, the most wealthy and influential of the traders on the point. Next to his were the houses
567
ADDENDA.
of Pirault, (Pero,) a French baker, and M'Kenzie, a Scot, who, in addition to merchandiz- ing, followed the occupation of a silversmith, exchanging with the Indians his brooches, ear-drops, and other silver ornaments, at an enormous profit, for skins and furs. Still far- ther up were several other families of French and English ; and two American prisoners, Henry Ball, a soldier taken at St. Clair's defeat, and his wife, Polly Meadows, captured at the same time, were allowed to live here, and by labor to pay their masters the price of their ransom ; he by boating to the rapids of the Maumee, and she by washing and sew- ing. Fronting the house of Ironside, and about fifty yards from the bank, was a small stockade, enclosing two hewed log houses, one of which was occupied by James Girty, (brother of Simon,) the other, occasionally, by M'Kee and Elliot, British Indian agents, living at Detroit.
From this station I had a fine view of the large village more than a mile south, on the east side of the Auglaize, of Blue Jacket's town, and of the Maumee river for several miles below, and of the extensive prairie covered with corn, directly opposite, and forming to- gether a very handsome landscape.
DELAWARE COUNTY.
The following article respecting Delaware County, was commu- nicated for this work by Dr. H. C. Mann, of Delaware :
Delaware, the county seat, was laid out in 1808, by Col. Moses Byxbe, and Hon. Henry Baldwin, of Pittsburgh, who had purchased a large tract of land for that purpose. They sold the lots at private sale at the uniform price of $30, the purchaser taking his choice. Joseph Barber put up the first cabin in the fall of 1807. It stood close to the Spring, and was made of poles, Indian fashion, fifteen feet square, in which he kept tavern. The prin- cipal settlers were Messrs. Byxbe, Wm. Little, Dr. Lamb, Solomon Smith, Elder Jacob Drake, (Baptist preacher,) Thomas Butler, and Ira Carpenter. In the spring of 1808, Moses Byxbe built the first frame house on William street, lot 70, and the first brick house was erected the ensuing fall, by Elder Drake, on Winter street, where Thomas Pettibone's mansion now stands ; being unable to get but one mason, his wife laid all the brick of the inside walls. The court house was built in 1815, the year in which the town was incorporated. The Methodists commenced the first meeting house in 1823, now the school house, but it was not finished for several years. The old churches of the 1st Presby- terians and the Episcopalians were built in 1825, upon the sites on which the present beau- tiful edifices were erected in 1845. The 2d Presbyterian church was erected in 1844, the new Methodist church in 1846, and the Lutheran church in 1835.
The town now contains 4 taverns, one, the Hinton House, be- ing among the largest in Ohio, having over 100 rooms, 8 dry goods stores, 3 drug stores, 1 shoe store, 1 confectionary and variety store, and 2 small groceries ; 2 Divisions of the Sons of Temperance, 1 Odd Fellows Lodge, 1 Masonic Society, 2 printing offices, from which issue weekly the " Olentangy Gazette," (Whig,) by Abel Thomson, and the " Loco Foco," (Dem.,) by George F. Stayman. The latter commenced in 1845, the former in 1821, by Hon. E. Griswold, then called the "Delaware Patron and Franklin Chronicle." The first paper in town was published in 1818, by Rev. J. Drake and Jos. S. Hughs. Delaware also contains 2 saw mills, 1 flouring mill, 1 oil mill, and the woollen factory of Messrs. Howard & Sharp, carrying on quite an extensive business ; 8 lawyers, 7 physicians, a full quota of mechanics, 275 dwellings, and about 2000 inhabitants, including South Delaware, which properly belongs to it, though not included in the corporation. The Delaware Bank, with a capital of $100,000, is a branch of the State Bank. A bank was opened in 1812, but failing to get a charter the next winter, it wound up, redeeming all
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