USA > Ohio > Cuyahoga County > History of Cuyahoga County, Ohio > Part 18
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During the war business was active, on account of the great merease of paper money in volume and de- preciation in value; yet there were few permanent im- provements made; both because people's minds were absorbed in the war, and because they were unwilling in the disturbed state of the finances to make large government investments. The principal public en- terprise which was carried out at this period in north- ern Ohio was the Atlantic and Great Western rail- road, which was built principally with foreign capital. In 1863, it leased the Cleveland and Mahoning rail- road for ninety-nine years, and immediately supplied it with an extra track; so it could be used for broad or narrow gauge ears. It has been employed espe- cially for the transportation of coal from the beds of Mahoning county, immense amounts of which have been brought to Cleveland. the manufactories of which have been greatly stimulated thereby.
On the close of the war the soldiers of Cuyahoga county, like those of the rest of the Union, at once put off their military habits and resumed the avoca- tions of civil life. Less than six months saw the transformation complete, and all the energy lately
Tive Collines,
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FIRST AND FIFTH INFANTRY.
given to the arts of destruction employed in those of construction. But the latter, though more pleasant, and in the long run more important, than the former, do not by any means make so brilliant a mark on the page of history. The current of events flows broadly, swiftly and beneficently onward in peace, but it is the rapids and cataracts of war which strike the eye.
In 1869, Professor Newberry, before mentioned in connection with the Sanitary Commission, was ap- pointed chief geologist of the State of Ohio. As such, with a corps of assistants, he made an exhaustive geological survey of the State, embodied in several valuable volumes.
By the census of 1870 the population of the county, notwithstanding the war, had reached the number of one hundred and thirty-two thousand nine hundred and three. Of these ninety-two thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight were in Cleveland, while the remainder were to be found in the respective townships as follows: Bedford, 1,788 ; Brecksville, 1,007 ; Brooklyn, 3,712 ; Chagrin Falls, 1,321 ; Dover, 1,145 ; East Cleveland, 5,044; Euclid, 2,188; Independence, 1,261 ; Mayfield, 892 ; Middleburg, 3,662; Newburg, 6,227; Olmstead, 1,520; Orange, 1,802; Parma, 1,432; Rockport, 2,001; Royaton, 1,089; Solon, 899; Strongsville, 896; Warrensville, 1,426. It will be seen that, while the agricultural township had increased very little, and some of them had decreased, since the previous census, the popula- tion of Cleveland had more than doubled. besides the large number who had located in the adjoining towns, so as to become in fact suburban residents of the city.
Iu 1873 the same causes, inflation and speculation, which had brought about the financial crash of 183%, produced another, far less violent than the one men- tioned but more injurious than that which occurred in 1857. Business and improvements of all kinds received a severe cheek, five years saw but slight progress, and it is only during the present season that a decided change for the better has been observed.
In 1875 the fourth court-house of Cuyahoga county was begun, and so far completed in 1876 as to be used by the courts and for other publie purposes. The court-house erected in 1858 is also still in use. It is somewhat difficult to describe the new one; for one hardly knows whether to give its dimensions and appearance as it is, or as it is to be. Probably the former is the safer method, with a brief reference to what it may be.
The present building, then, is of stone, and fronts on Seneca street, extending back nearly to the conrt- house of 1858 .. Its width is seventy-five feet and its depth ninety-two feet. There is a high basement story, occupied by some of the county officers and for other purposes. On the first story above this is a wide hall, with the rooms of the probate judge and sheriff on either side. On the second floor is the criminal
conrt room, sixty-eight feet long, sixty feet wide and thirty-five feet high, and very elaborately finished, On the third, or Mansard, floor are rooms for the use of juries and for other purposes.
The proposed north wing is to be thirty-four feet front and eighty-four feet deep. The south wing is to be forty-nine feet front and eighty four feet deep, and it is expected that in due time it will be sur- mounted by a tower a hundred and twenty feet high. The wings, when completed, are to be occupied by the various courts and county officers who are now located in the building of 1858.
A very large and strong jail was also built in 1875, on the same ground (north of the court house), for- merly occupied by the jail of 1851, which was removed to give place to its successor. The new jail, very substantially built of stone, has three departments, respectively for men, women and boys. The men's department is sixty feet wide by a hundred and thirty feet long, with one hundred and twenty cells.
The boys' department is twenty feet by twenty-four, with sixteen cells. The women's department is in the same building as the sheriff's residence, and like- wise has sixteen cells. The whole buikling last men- tioned is ninety feet by thirty-seven, and three stories high.
Notwithstanding the financial closeness since 1873, numerous local improvements have been made throughout the county, which are noticed under their appropriate heads. We now close the consecu- tive record of Cuyahoga county for the purpose of presenting our readers with sketches of various or- ganizations pertaining to it, beginning with the regiments and batteries representing that county in the war for the Union.
CHAPTER XVI.
FIRST AND FIFTH INFANTRY.
Organization of First Infantry-The Cleveland Grays-Vienna -Bull Run-Reorganization for Three Years-Cuyahoga Companies-In Kentucky and Tennessee-Pittsburg Landing-A Fight at Huntsville -Stone River -- Chickamauga-Orchard Knob-Capture of Mission Ridge-Resaca-Burnt Hickory-Number of Engagements-Mustered Out-Members from Cuyahoga County-The Fifth Infantry-Connec- tion with Cuyahoga County-Men Transferred from Seventh-List of Members.
FIRST INFANTRY.
The First Infantry was organized in April, 1861, in response to the President's first call for troops. The Cleveland Grays, an old and highly esteemed militia organization, formed one of its companies, under Captain T. S. Paddock, and Lieutenants Jeremiah Ensworth and J. B. Hampson. So prompt was the answer to the call that within sixty hours afterwards the regiment was on its way to the capital. It was attached to General Schenck's brigade and was en route to Vienna when its first engagement with the enemy was had. The rebels fired into the train, when the First quickly formed on the side of the
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GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY.
track, followed by the other regiments, and made so effective a resistance as to be enabled to retire with bnt small loss. In the battle of Bull Run the regi- ment took no active part, but rendered excellent ser- vice in guarding the retreat.
In August, 1861, the reorganization of the regi- ment for three years' service was begun, but not completed until October. Company D was largely from Cuyahoga county, as well as a few men from companies F, G and I. In November the regiment was made a part of the Fourth Brigade of the Second Division, under General McCook. From December 17th, 1861, until February 14th, 1862, it remained in camp at Green River, Kentucky. On the 17th the brigade marched to Nashville; arriving tive miles ont on Franktin Turnpike it went into camp. On the 31st it crossed Duck river and moved toward Sa- vannah.
On the morning of April 6th the march was re- sumed, Savannah reached at half past seven p.m., and Pittsburg Landing at daylight the next morning.
At six a.m., the First moved to the front and formed in line of battle. After fighting until noon, repeatedly charging the enemy and recapturing Gen- eral Sherman's headquarters, the regiment retired to procure ammunition. This being obtained, it again advanced and participated in the general charge on the enemy's front. The First was then sent to assist Colonel Gibson's command; arriving just in time to repel a vigorous attack. In this battle the regiment was commanded by Colonel B. F. Smith, and lost sixty officers and men.
On May 27th six companies of the First, under Major Bassett Langdon, had a sharp tight at Bridge Creek. At Huntsville they took the cars and reached Boiling Fork, a tributary of the Elk river, July 1st. On the 28th the regiment moved to Altamont, and September 1st to Nashville, passing through Man- chester, Murfreesboro and Lavergne. At Dog-walk, on the 9th of October, the First took part in the bat- tle, and lost several men. On the 11th it joined General Buelt's forces at Perryville.
On December 31st the battle of Stone river com- menced. The First was stationed on the right of R. W. Johnson's division. A half hour's brisk skirmish- ing followed, and the enemy was promptly checked. A heavy force appeared and made an attack on the First, compelling it to fall back. In doing this, much confusion occurred and the whole right wing was forced back. At the Nashville and Chattanooga rail- road re-enforcements arrived, and the enemy was driven back.
After many hard marches and a number of sharp skirmishes, the regiment reached Stevenson, Alabama, Angust 30th, 1863, to take part in the Chickamauga campaign. On the 19th of September it reported to General Thomas, and was placed in the front line under heavy tiring. A charge was made on the ene- my, General Baird's position retaken and several pieces of artillery captured. A most terrific fight
ensued in the darkness, and the First was compelled to change position. In doing this they fell back about one hundred and fifty yards. The enemy soon retired and the battle ceased for the night. The next afternoon the First and the Louisville Legion charged and put to rout a body of the enemy, but at length shared in the general disaster which befell the army. The regiment lost in this fight one hundred and twenty men.
On the 20th of October the First formed a part of the force that surprised and captured the ridge be- tween Lookout valley and Racoon mountain.
On November 23d the regiment engaged in the bat- tle of Orchard Knob, and on the 25th rendered noble service at the capture of Mission ridge. The entire loss of the Seventh during this battle was five officers and seventy-eight men, killed and wounded. On January 17th, 1864, during the East Tennessee cam- paign, the regiment had a brisk engagement at Straw- berry Plains, losing some men. On the Atlanta cam- paign, May 10th, 1864, at Buzzard's Roost, several were wounded and three killed. May 14th, at Re- saca, Georgia, two were killed and sixteen wounded, and the next day four were killed and twelve wounded. At Adairsville the regiment had a sharp skirmish; losing two killed and two wounded. At Burnt Hick- ory, May 27th, eight men and two officers were killed and seventy-one men wounded. June 17th, at Kene- saw, eight men were wounded. At the crossing of Chattahoochie river two men were killed.
During its term of service the First was engaged in twenty-four battles and skirmishes, and had five hundred and twenty-seven officers and men killed and wounded. The last man of the regiment was mus- tered out October 14th, 1864.
MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY.
FIELD AND STAFF.
Edward J. Collins, enrolled August 17, 1861; promoted to First Lieuten- ant March 25, 1863, and to Regimental Quartermaster May 8, 1863. Mustered out with regiment September 21, 1861.
William A. Davidson, enrolled as Corporal August 20, 1861; promoted to Quartermaster. Mustered out with the regiment.
James Hill, enrolled as Regimental Quartermaster August 23, 1861; pro- moted to First Lieutenant and transferred to Company H May 8, 1863. Resigned October 17, 1863.
NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.
Andrew J. Mabb, enrolled Angust 18, 1801; promoted to Commissary Sergeant, Mustered out with regiment,
COMPANY D.
James B. Hampson, enrolled as Captain Angust 17, 1861; promoted De- cember 31, 1862, to Major 124th Regiment. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Georgia, May 27, 1864.
George L. Hayward, enrolled as First Lieutenant August 17, 1861; pro- moted to Captam December 10, 1862, to Lieutenant Colonel 129th Regiment .July 27th, 1863.
Sylvanus S. Dixon, enrolled as First Sergeant August 20, 1861; promoted to Second Lieutenant June 24, 1862, and to First Lieutenant Novem- ber 15, 1863. Killed near Dallas, Georgia, May 27, 1864
Alexander Varian, enrolled August 20, 1861; promoted to Second Lieu- tenant May 26, 1862, and to First Lieutenant December 10, 1862. Died June 2, 1864, of wounds received at Resaca, Georgia.
William M. Carpenter, enrolled as Second Lieutenant August 17, 1861; promoted to First Lieutenant May 26, 1862. Resigned April 10, 1863. Willard C. Prentiss, enrolled as Corporal August 20, 1861; promoted to Second Lieuten int December 10, 1862. Resigned June 10, 1863. Charles Wherritt, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861.
William Duncan, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861. Henry Galloway, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861.
85
SEVENTHI INFANTRY.
Rufus A. Hampson, enrolled as Corporal September 1, 1861. Orrin J. Brown, enrolled as Corporal August 20. 161. George A. Wilson, enrolled as Corporal August 20, 1861. Killed at the battle of Resaca, Georgia.
Leavitt Aldrich, enrolled as Corporal August 20, 1861. Clement H. Farier, enrolled as Corporal August 20. 1-61.
John Mullen, enrolled as Musician August 20, 1861.
James B. De Land, enrolled as Musician August 20, 1501
Charles H. Anderton, enlisted August 17, 1861.
Samuel M. Bearby, enlisted August 20, 1861. Killed. John L. Bush nell, enlisted August 20, 1861. Elí Bennett, enlisted August 1", 1861. William Burbeck, enlisted August 17, 1861. Edwin Barber, enlisted August 17, 1861. Charles W. Campbell, enlisted August 17, 1861. William Cackler, enlisted August 17, 18;1. Horace J. Conant, enlisted August 17, 1861. John F. Cady, eulisted August 17, 1861. William Cowan, enlisted August 17. 1861. Robert A Carran, enlisted August 17, 1961. Lawrence Dubher, enlisted August 17, 1861. William P. De Land, enlisted August 17, 1861.
Marvin L. Eddly, enlisted August 17, 1861. Horace W. Farwell, enlisted August 17, 1861.
Frank in 1. Farwell, enlisted August 17, 1861. Reuben (oss, enlisted August 19, 1561. Henry W. Hayward, enlisted Angust 18, 1861. William C. Isham, enlisted August 18, 1861. Enoch F. Jones enlisted August 18, 1861. Reubeu B. Kelley, enlisted August 19, 1861. Albert C. Leach, enlisted August 19, 1821. Samuel A Lamoreaux, enlisted August IS, 1861 Joseph C. Merrick, enlisted August 18, 1>61. Chester C. Pulver, enlisted August 17, 1861. Louis W. Pick, enlisted August 17, 1861. Eugene Roberts, enlisted August 19, 1861. Charles L. Scobie, enlisted August 18, 1861. Frederick Scan, enlisted August 18, 18G1. James M Sala, enlisted August 20, 1861. Benjamin Sala, enlisted August 20, 1861. Christopher Tod, enlisted August 20. 1861. Henry R. Van Ness, enlisted August 20, 1-61. James Van Fossen, enlisted September 9, 19h1.
Jobn A. Wilkinson, enlisted August 20, 1861.
Julius C. Watterson, enli ted August 19, 1891. Robert F. Watterson, enlisted August 19, 1861 Frederick Zimmerman, eulisted August 18, 1851.
COMPANY F.
William Hall, enlisted December 11, 1563. Transferred to Company II. James McGee, enlisted November 23, 1863, Transferred to Company H
COMPANY G.
Simon Keck, enlisted Sept -mber 30, 1861 Jacob Welch, enlisted September 29, 1864
Disch irged November 4, 1865. Discharged October 1, 1865.
COMPANY I.
Ebenezer Clark, enlisted January 3, 1861, Transferred to Company HI. September 1, 1861 Mustered ont May 18, 1805.
John Cartwright. enlisted January 11, 1864. Transferred to Company H, September 1, 1864.
George A. Joice, enlisted January 5, 1864. Transferred to Company II. September 1. 1864.
Henry Lowes, enlisted December 28, 1863. Transferred to Company 1 Sept 1, 1861.
Fraucis Moses, enlisted January 7, 1864. Transferred to Company II, September 1, 1864.
Clayton E. Worden, enlisted December 19, 1863. Transferred to Com- pany H, September 1, 1864.
FIFTH INFANTRY.
The principal connection of this regiment with Cuyahoga county arises from the fact that thirty men of the Seventh Infantry, residents of that county, were transferred to the Fifth from the Seventh In- fantry, when the latter was mustered out of service; the terms of those men not having expired. Al- though the Seventh was mustered out in June, 1864, the transfer was not consummated until October. With the Fifth they marched with Sherman on this grand campaign to the Sea, accompanied him through the Carolinas, and took part in the great review at
Washington. Thence the regiment was sent to Louis ville, Kentucky, where it was mustered out of service on the 26th day of July, 1865.
MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. COMPANY G.
Albert Berger, enlisted Angust 30, 1862, Mustered out June 21, 1865 Henry Alexander, enlisted Septembers, 1802. Mustered out July Sti, 1865 Solomon Brobst, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1964 Mus- tered out June 21, 1865.
James C. Brooks, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Mus- tered out June 21. 1863.
E.I. A. Crosby, transferred from îth Infantry October 31, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1863.
Frank J. Covert, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1461. Mus- tered out June 21, 1865.
Peter M. Hardman, transferred from #th Infantry October 31, 1864, Mus- tered ont June 21 1865.
James Loveless, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Dis- charged July 14, 1865
Jonathan Moore, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Dis- charged July 7. 1565.
Otis Martin, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Mustered out Jime 21. 1565.
George W. Oliver, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1804. Mus- tered out June 21, 1865.
Abraham Ramalia, transferred from fth Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- tered out June 21, 1863.
James Hunt, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Discharged May 29. 1865.
Theodore W. Pratt, transferred from îth Infantry October 31, 1861. Muts tered out June 21, 1865.
William Stanford, tranferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1501. Mus. tered out July 26. 1865.
Charles Zimmerman, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mustered out June 21, 1865.
Charles Walley, transferred from ith Infantry October 31, 1864. Mus- tered ont June 31. 1865.
Sigo Tyroler, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31. 1861. Mastered out June 21. 1865.
Jacob Schuerrberger, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861 Franz Schardler, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus tered out January 25, 1865.
Michael Schmidt, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864, Mus- tered out July 2. 1855.
Martin Saizer, transferred from ith Infantry October 31, IST. Mustered out June 21, 1963,
John Schirssler, transferred from 6th Infantry June 11, 1864. Joseph Rowe, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Wounded June 27 Mustered out Angust 3, 1865.
Henry Hoffmau, transferred from 2th Infantry June 11, 1864 David F. Dove, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11. 1864.
Coney Deitz, transferred from ith Infant y October 31, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1565,
Conrad Buchman, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- tered out July 26. 1865.
William Weber, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11. 1861.
Andrew Riek, transferred from îth Infantry June 11, 1864.
Christian Ottinger, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861 Mus- tered out May 31, 1865.
Herman Tetzer, enlisted 1864. Mustered ont June 21, 1865.
CHAPTER XVII. SEVENTH INFANTRY .*
Organized for Three Months-First Field Officers Reorganized for Three Years Number from Cuyahoga County-Seut to West Vir- ginia - Its First Loss-The Disaster at Cross Lanes -Goes east- Breaks up a Rebel Camp-Battle of Winchester - Port Republie-Sue- cessive Repulses of the Enemy-Retreat of the Union Army-Cedar Mountain - Terrible Loss of the Seventh - Antietam - Driving the Enemy-Defeating Hampton at Dumfries Chancellorsville Gettys- burg-Ordered west-Mission Ridge Taylor's Ridge-A Disastrous Repulse Deaths of Creighton and Crane -Losses of the Regiment- Its Services in 1864 Pumpkin Vine Creek Ordered Home-Grand Reception at Cleveland Mustered Out.
THE Seventh Infantry was organized for three months service, at Camp Taylor, Cleveland, in the latter part of April, 1861; three companies being
*Condensed from Major G. L. Wood's "Seventh Regiment."
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GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY.
from Cuyahoga county, and the remainder from other counties of the Western Reserve. It soon went to Camp Dennison, near Cincinnati. On the 11th of May the regiment elected E. B. Tyler, of Ravenna, as colonel; W. R. Creighton, of Cleveland, as lieu- tenant-colonel; and J. S Casement, of Painesville, as major. Three days later, on the three years call being submitted to the men, about three-fourths enlisted for that term. The others were discharged, recruiting officers were sent home, and on the 19th and 20th of June the Seventh Ohio Infantry, with full ranks, was mustered into the service for three years.
Companies A, B and K were principally from Cuy- ahoga county; Company A, during the war, having a hundred and fifty-four men from that county; Com- pany B, eighty-four men, and Company K, a hundred and sixteen. Besides these, Company C had twenty- seven men from Cuyahoga during the war; Company D, twenty-three; Company E, three; Company F, six; Company G, six; Company Il, fourteen; and Company I, four; the total in the regiment, with field and staff, beig four hundred and thirty-seven.
In the last days of June the Seventh was ordered to Clarksburg, West Virginia. While there, a stand of colors was presented to it on behalf of the German Turners Society, of Cleveland. The first severe march was made from that place to Weston, thirty miles distant, on the last afternoon and night of June. After scouting in this vicinity a short time, the Seventh marched to the Gauley valley.
On the 15th of Angust it took post at Cross Lanes, where its suffered its first loss. Captain Schutte and fourteen men of Company K, while on a scout, were ambushed; the captain being mortally wounded, and all but four of the men being also killed or wounded.
Having retired from Cross Lanes, and being or- dered to return, it reached there alone on the even- ing of August 25th. Next morning it was vigorously attacked by a heavy rebel forec, and some of the com- panies thrown into confusion. Captain Crane, with Company A, made a charge, piercing the rebel line and capturing a stand of colors. Ihs detachment was cut off from the main body, however, and obliged to escape through the mountains to Gen. Cox's army at Gauley Bridge. Four hundred men under Major Casement, being nearly surrounded by an overwhelm- ing force, also escaped through the mountains. Others escaped singly or in squads, but the regimeut had twenty-one men killed and wounded, and ninety- six taken prisoners.
The last of October the regiment took part in driv- ing the rebel Gen. Floyd from his intrenchments on Cotton Hill, but without loss.
In December the Seventh moved to Romney, near the Potomac, and in the forepart of January, 1862, with several other regiments, made a vigorous and successful movement, breaking up the intrenched
camp of a rebel colonel in the mountains, and killing and capturing about a hundred of his men.
During the remainder of the winter the Seventh served under that brave and enterprising leader, Gen. Lander, and after his sudden death passed under the command of Gen. James Shields. On the 11th of March his command occupied Winchester, and on the 27th the Seventh took part in its first severe battle, that of Winchester.
After the enemy's plans had developed themselves, the Third brigade, with the Seventh Ohio at its head, was sent to charge a battery, holding an important position, in flank. A heavy rebel force was stationed in support, behind a ravine and a stone wall. The column charged gallantly, and, although unable at once to drive the foe from his strong position, held its ground and maintained a desperate conflict. Re- inforcements came up on both sides, and the two armies were soon fully engaged in furious strife. Near night the rebels began to retreat. The Union army made a charge along its whole line and the re- treat soon became a rout. Two pieces of artillery and four caissons were captured by the Third brigade. The enemy was pursued the next day, but could not be overtaken. The Seventh had fourteen killed and fifty-one wounded in this battle.
After various marches in the valley of the Shenan- doah, the regiment took part in the battle of Port Republic on the 9th of June. While it was support- ing a section of Huntington's battery, the enemy charged the guns. The Seventh lay hidden by a grow- ing field of wheat until the rebels were within easy range. Then the ringing tones of the gallant Creigh- ton were heard, giving the order to rise up and fire. A shower of bullets riddled the lines of the advanc- ing column. It staggered and halted. The Seventh dashed forward, and after a short but desperate con- fliet the foe was driven back, followed by the victori- ous men of Ohio.
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