USA > Ohio > Montgomery County > Dayton > History of Dayton, Ohio. With portraits and biographical sketches of some of its pioneer and prominent citizens Vol. 1 > Part 38
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39
7
Connecticut
278
3-14
HISTORY OF DAYTON.
Vermont
57
West Virginia. 177
Virginia
59
Wisconsin .. 160
Washington Territory
3
Total
22,397
The following table shows the muunber of soldiers from each State and Territory admitted into the Central Branch, National Home for Dis- abled Volunteer Soldiers, from the date of organization to June 30, 1888:
Alabama 15
Missouri 563
Arizona
2
Montana
5
Arkansas
31
Nebraska 65
California
4-4
Novada
5
Colorado.
18
New Hampshire SO
Connecticut
210.
New Jersey 427
Dakota
10
New Mexico
7
Delaware
New York
2,579
District of Columbia.
184
North Carolina
6
Florida
2
Ohio
7,510
Idaho
1
Oregon
11
Illinois
1,091
Pennsylvania
8,662
Indiana
2,187
Rhode Island
46
Indian Territory
4
Tennessee.
83
Iowa
225
Texas
32
Kansas
270
Utah
4
Kentucky
811
Vermont
32
Louisiana.
76
Virginia
81
Maine.
71
Washington Territory
20
Maryland
188
West Virginia
126
Massachusetts
337
Wisconsin.
179
Minnesota
72
. Michigan
915
Total.
22,397
Mississippi.
40
The cemetery is beautifully located west of the hospital on sloping ground. At the present time (June 1, 1889) there are about thirty-three hundred graves of soldiers who lie buried therein. A monument has been erected to their memory on high ground overlooking the cemetery. The shaft of this monument was formerly one of the columns of the famous United States bank building in Philadelphia. It is forty-eight feet in height, and is surmounted by a colossal statue of a private soldier at parade rest. The height of the statue is ten feet. The corner-stone was laid July 4, 1873. On this occasion an address was delivered by the HIon. Stanley Matthews; the list of articles deposited under the corner-stone was read by Captain Fernald; the corner-stone was laid under the supervision of Chaplain Earnshaw; the oration was delivered by IIon. T. W. Ferry, United States senator from Michigan; an address was delivered by General Bridgeland, of Indiana, and also by Governor Noyes, of Ohio. The monument was unveiled September 12, 1877; by
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345
MILITARY HISTORY.
the president of the United States in the presence of twenty-five thou- sand people. On the pedestal are the words, " To our fallen comrades" and " These were honorable men in their generation." On the base are four figures representing the four arms of the service-viz .: artillery, cavalry, infantry, and the navy. These four figures were carved in Italy. The base is surrounded by tablets on which are engraved the names of the veterans who lie buried in the cemetery. The entire cost of this monument was about twenty thousand dollars, and its erection was in charge of the Monumental and Historical Society of the Home.
The officers of the Central Branch since its establishment have been as follows :.
GOVERNORS-Major E. E. Tracy, of Ohio, was appointed deputy- governor in March, 1867, and died in June, 1868. General Timothy Ingraham was appointed December 6, 1867, and served until January 1, 1869. Colonel E. F. Brown, who had been appointed acting governor, October 8, 1868, took charge of the Branch January 1, 1869, and was appointed deputy-governor July 2, 1869. Ile was appointed governor September 6, 1873, and served in that capacity until appointed inspector- general of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, when he was succeeded by General M. R. Patrick, of New York, who held the office until his death, July 27, 1888, when he was succeeded by Colonel J. B. Thomas, the present governor.
TREASURERS-Colonel J. B. Thomas was elected treasurer of the Cen- . tral Branch December 5, 1867, and held the office until his appointment as governor, November 17, 1888, when he was succeeded by Milton McCoy.
SECRETARIES-Captain A. P. Woodruff was appointed secretary in 1867, and served until September, 1870, when he was succeeded by Captain W. H. Lough, who served until September, 1873. Captain R. E. Fleming then became secretary and served until May 14, 1880, when Captain Lough again became secretary. He was succeeded in the position by the present incumbent, Major M. F. Watson.
SURGEONS -- Dr. C. MeDermont was surgeon at the Central Branch from the time of its establishment until August, 1874, with the exception of fourteen months, when he was surgeon at the Southern Branch Home. During this interval Dr. S. K. Towle was surgeon at the Central Branch. In November, 1874, Dr. J. M. Weaver became surgeon and served until October, 1880, when he was succeeded by Dr. A. IL. Stephens, of Eaton, Ohio, who resigned September 18, 1884, and was succeeded by Dr. F. II. Patton, the present incumbent.
STEWARDS-Captain A. P. Woodruff acted as steward while he was secretary, and until December 4, 1872, when he resigned, and was followed 24
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346
HISTORY OF DAYTON.
by Captain William Thompson, who was succeeded March 1, 1882, by Major M. F. Watson, secretary. On December 1, 1885, Captain J. II. Chapman was appointed commissary of subsistence, and still retains this position, the duties of which are the same as those previously performed by the steward. Major Watson since that date has been secretary only.
CHAPLAINS -- Rev. William Earnshaw, D.D., was appointed chaplain of the Central Branch September 5, 1867, and served until his death at the Branch, July 17, 1885. His successor was Rev. J. V. Lerch, who is the present chaplain.
Toward the latter part of the year 1864, it was suggested by General Robert C. Schenck that it would be appropriate to erect a monument to the memory of the soldiers of Montgomery County who had died of wounds, or of disease contracted in the war. To carry out this sugges- tion a committee was appointed to have charge of the movement. This committee held a meeting November 19, 1864, at Huston Ilall. The meeting was addressed by Dr. Thomas and Colonel Charles Anderson. The object of the meeting was to discuss plans for carrying into effect the enterprise. E. W. Davies was elected president, and E. S. Young, secre- tary. Colonel John G. Lowe submitted a series of resolutions, which were adopted, and which were to the effect that it was the opinion of the citizens of Dayton that an appropriate and permanent monument should - be erected to perpetuate to future generations the memory of the patriot- ism and valor of every citizen of Montgomery County who has heretofore died or who may yet die from wounds received, or from disease contracted whilst in the service of the United States in the present civil war. Reso- lution second provided for the appointment of a committee of three to report the names of persons suitable for an executive committee, which should devise and inaugurate the erection of a monument, and resolution third ,requested the citizens of the several townships in the county to appoint each a committee to cooperate with the committee of the city of Dayton. Colonel John G. Lowe, Charles Parrott, and H. W. R. Brunner, the committee of three, appointed as an executive committee the following gentlemen: Lieutenant-Governor Charles Anderson, V. Winters, J. D. Phillips, R. W. Steele, T. A. Phillips, D. E. Mead, M. Burrous, J. II. Peirce, J. MeDaniel, A. C. Brown, W. S. Phelps, D. Waymire, II. S. Fow- ler, George Lehman, John Howard, J. Gebhart, C. Herchelrode, Henry ITerrman, Colonel E. A. Parrott, Samuel Craighead, L. B. Gonekel, E. Morgan Wood, R. D. Harshman, and Colonel John G. Lowe.
This movement, however, like several similar movements made at a later day, was not a success. But they all served to keep alive the spirit of the soldiers and the hope of the community that ultimately such a
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MILITARY HISTORY.
movement would succeed. It was finally determined to hold a meeting of the old soldiers of the county for the purpose of giving definite shape to their desires, and such a meeting was held August 29, 1879. At this meeting there were present seventy veteran soldiers, and it was decided to organize a permanent soldiers' association. A committee of five was appointed, whose duty it was to select fifteen others out of the seventy present, who, together with the five, should constitute the charter mem- bers. The second meeting was held at the same place, the City Hall, September 5, 1879, and the organization was effected with the following as charter members: Charles Anderton, Ashley Brown, B. B. Crossley, J. St. John Clarkson, A. C. Fenner, J. C. Staley, G. W. Hatfield, C. F. Kimmel, Ad. Knecht, George LaRue, C. H. Miller, P. O'Connell, Robert Patterson, J. C. Reber, Jacob Renner, W. Radcliff, H. B. Sortman, S. B. Smith, E. M. Wood, and Peter Weidner. The following officers were `chosen at this meeting: E. M. Wood, president; H. B. Sortman, vice- president; A. C. Fenner, treasurer, and J. C. Reber, secretary. They were to serve until the regular meeting in October.
Soon after the organization of the association, or the Old Guard, as it was called, a board of trustees was appointed, whose duty it should be to solicit funds for the erection of the monument. As time rolled on, however, nothing was accomplished by the trustees, and the association resolved to try to raise a fund by giving entertainments for its benefit. Accordingly an entertainment was given at the fair grounds July 4, 1880, at which about two hundred dollars was realized, and as this was such a success, it was determined to give another entertainment, which came off in the fall of the same year when the "Drummer Boy " was presented at Music Hall. At this time a little more than two hundred dollars was raised. The two sums aggregating about four hundred dollars were placed in bank as the nucleus of the monument fund. Subsequently two other attempts were made to raise money in the same way, but they were both failures, and instead of increasing the sum already on hand, actually reduced it. Perceiving that this plan of raising money enough to erect a suitable monument must necessarily fail, other and widely diverse plans were discussed, and at length it was resolved to try the legislature and secure, if possible, a law that would permit the amount to be raised by tax, provided the people would, at an election at which the question were submitted to them, approve of the law. The chairman of the trustees at that time was General T. J. Wood, and he, assisted by D. B. Corwin, one of Dayton's attorneys, drafted a bill which was forwarded to Senator John F. Sinks. The bill was returned to General Wood with the sug- gestion that if it were made general in its nature, instead of applying only
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348
HISTORY OF DAYTON.
to Montgomery County, there was no doubt that it would pass. The suggested amendment was thereupon made, and the bill returned to Senator Sinks. In due course of time the bill became a law, being passed by the house of representatives April 8, 1881, having been previously passed by the senate. It is entitled
" An Act to Authorize the Commissioners of Any County to Build a Monument or Other Memorial to Perpetuate the Memory of the Soldiers Who Served in the Union Army During the Late Rebellion.
" SECTION 1. BE IT ENACTED, ETC., That the commissioners of any county in this State be, and they are hereby authorized to submit to a vote of the people of said county at any general election for State and county officers, the question whether or not a tax of not more than one half mill on each dollar shall be levied upon all property upon the tax duplicate of said county, to raise a fund wherewith to erect a monument or other suitable memorial structure to perpetuate the memory of soldiers from said county who served in the Union army during the late rebellion.
"SEC. 2. In case a majority of the voters of any county voting upon the question shall vote in favor of imposing the proposed tax for said purpose, said tax shall be made payable in two installments of one fourth, of a mill each, and shall be imposed and collected during the two years next succeeding the taking of said vote, and the moneys arising from said tax shall be expended by said commissioners in the erection of a monu- - ment or other suitable memorial structure as said commissioners shall deem best and most appropriate, at such place in said county as may be designated by said commissioners, and said money shall be applied to no other purpose whatever."
This law having been passed, the chairman of the trustees followed it up by securing its endorsement by both political parties at the next general election, which was held October 11, 1881. The result of this vote was the sanction by the people of the project, by the following vote: Total vote in the county in favor of the tax, 7,489; total vote against the tax, 6,755, being a majority in its favor of 734. The vote in Dayton was 4,641 in favor of the tax, and 2,116 against it, or a majority in its favor in the city of 2,525. The county commissioners at the time of this election were Bassett, Purcell and Marshall.
The first installment of the money was paid in December, 1882, and amounted to $5,580.12. From this time on, bids came in with plans, models, etc. Many long and tedious meetings were held by the commis- sioners, and the trustees of the Old Guard, General Wood, G. G. Prugh, A. C. Fenner, J. C. Kline, and Henry Kissinger. Months were consumed
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MILITARY HISTORY.
in settling preliminary questions. The first bids that came in were as follows: J. M. Carpenter & Son, $22,500; Thomas Staniland, same; C. B. Caulfield, same; O. L. Billings, same; Thomas Callahan and Leopold Tettweis, same; T. Hardwick & Son, $22,000; T. II. Webber, three designs, each $22,500, and one design, $22,000; and the Monumen- tal Bronze Company, $22,500. After several meetings and discussions in connection with the Old Guard, the commissioners, on April 10, 1883, rejected all of the bids and directed the auditor to readvertise for bids. On May 30th, the second set of bids was opened and found to be as follows: John M. Eberle, $20,475; Thomas Staniland, one bid, $20,500; R. F. Carter, $21,200; Isaac Broome, $22,000; ten bids each at $22,500, and one bid by Carpenter & Son at $27,000. On June 28, 1883, the commissioners, assisted by the Old Guard, awarded the contract to Carpenter & Son for $22,500, the monument to stand at the intersection of Main and Water streets. The contract stipulated that the monument should be completed by July 1, 1884, the statue to be of Columbia, and the design showed a very striking and beautiful statue. After several weeks had passed, however, the Old Guard became dissatisfied with the design, thinking that as the monument was to perpetuate the memory of the common soldier, the statue should be one of a common soldier. A change, therefore, was secured and made September 22, 1883. This change necessitated a delay in the progress of the work, and the time for its completion was extended to July 25, 1884, and its dedication to July 31, 1884, at the time when the soldiers and sailors had decided to hold their reunion.
The excavations for the foundation were commenced September 19, 1883. They were thirty-six feet square and seven feet deep. The
foundation, which is of Dayton stone, was completed November 22, 1883. The granite for the monument came from Maine, and the first four car-loads reached Dayton April 15, 1884. Other car-loads came on from time to time, the last reaching the city July 12, 1884. The statue itself was made in Italy, in the studio of Carpenter & Son at Carrara, under the supervision of Ross Adams. It left Leghorn, Italy, in the ship Alsatia, April 15, 1884, and landed at New York June 20th, arriving in Dayton a few days afterward. It is of the best Italian marble. It was shipped two weeks carlier than was originally intended, and curiously enough, had it left at the time and in the ship intended, it would never have arrived in this country, as that particular ship was never heard of after leaving port.
Following are the divisions of the monument with their names and sizes: First esplanade, 25 feet square and 1 foot high; second esplanade,
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HISTORY OF DAYTON.
22 feet 4 inches square and 1 foot high; third esplanade, 19 feet 10 inches square and 1 foot high; fourth esplanade, 17 feet G inches square and 1 foot high; base, 15 feet square and 4 feet high; plinth, 12 feet square and 2 feet 3 inches high; die, 10 feet 6 inches square and 10 feet high; first. mold, 7 feet 6 inches square and 5 feet 6 inches high; first column, 5 feet 6 inches in diameter and 8 feet high; second mold, 5 feet in diameter and 4 feet 3 inches high; second column, 3 feet 6 inches in diameter and 28 feet high; capital, 5 feet in diameter and 5 feet 8 inches high; statue plinth, 3 feet 2 inches in diameter and 1 foot 10 inches high; statue, 11 feet 6 inches high; total height of the monument, 85 feet.
The stones of the die are inscribed as follows: On the south face, "The memorial of Montgomery County to her soldiers ;" on the east face, "The republic rests upon the virtue, intelligence, and patriotism of its citizens;" on the north face, "The federal union must and shall be preserved; " and on the west face, "Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable." On the south side is also the date of dedication, as follows: "Dedicated July 31, 1884."
The exercises connected with the dedication were extremely interest- ing. They commenced on the evening of July 15th, when the Old Guard marched to the monument and deposited a box of records. There were one hundred and twenty-five members of the Old Guard present at their hall that evening. Allen O. Jeffries presented a large and handsome bunting flag, with appropriate remarks, to the E. A. King Post, G. A. R. After several speeches had been made, the committee on preparation of the record box was called upon. This committee was composed of
Captain A. C. Fenner, Dr. J. M. Weaver, and E. M. Thresher.
The
latter gentleman, as chairman of the committee, reported the contents of the box as follows: A copy of the Bible, city directory for 1883- 1884, last annual reports of the city clerk, of the work-house, of the directors of the board of fire commissioners, of the chief of the fire department, of the board of health, of the city infirmary directors, of the city solicitor, of the police commissioners, of the Woman's Christian Association, constitution and by-laws of the Old Guard Association; Dayton Journal of May 30th, containing the names of deceased soldiers in the various cemeteries, copies of the weekly papers published in Dayton, list of the officers of E. A. King Post, roster of the G. A. R. Posts of Ohio, and other things. Upon the completion of the reading of the list, E. M. Thresher delivered an address, and then Mr. Carpenter carried the box to the top of the monument and deposited it in its resting-place. Meanwhile the band played " Hail Columbia," and the Old Guard marched back to the hall.
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MILITARY HISTORY.
The ceremonies proper of the dedication began July 20th at sunrise, with a salute of thirteen guus. The day was, in reality, assembly and reception day, and was in a great measure devoted to the reception of the comrades and ex-prisoners of war. At midday there was a salute of thirty-eight guns, and in the afternoon there was music, prayer by the Rev. W. A. HTale, an address of welcome by Mayor Bettelon, a response by General Robert P. Kennedy, and a salute of thirteen guns at sundown.
The next day was spent in a manner similar to that of the 29th. . There were salutes and speeches, the latter by the mayor, by General Robert P. Kennedy, by General W. S. Rosecrans, and by Ex-President Ilayes.
But the 31st was the great day of the celebration. . General Thomas J. Wood was the commander-in-chief. The procession formed about ten o'clock, and the line of march was as follows: Commencing at the inter- section of Main and Fifth streets, proceeding north on Main to Water Street, west on Water to Wilkinson, south to First, west to Perry, south to Second, cast to Ludlow, south to Fifth, east to Bainbridge, north to Third, west to Jefferson, north to First, west to Main, north to the monu- ment, and countermarch to Fifth, where the column was dismissed.
This parade was a grand affair. The Seventh Regiment Band marched at its head, and was followed by the Veteran Old Guard and the Junior Old Guard, commanded by Colonel Patrick O'Connell. Next came General Thomas J. Wood, commander-in-chief, and staff, accom- panied by Governor Hoadly and staff. Following them came the G. A. R. Posts, commanded by Vice-Department-Commander Brown; then the regimental organizations, commanded by Colonel E. A. Parrott; then the various societies in full dress, Uniformed Rank of the Knights of Pythias, Dayton, Iola, and Humboldt divisions, commanded by Captain Peter Weidner; Knights of St. George, of Emmanuel and Trinity churches; the Catholic Cadets, A. O. H., and labor organizations; a line of infantry and carriages, followed by Ex-President Hayes, General J. R. Hawley, IIon. G. W. Hlouk, Hon. Samuel Craighead, Judge Henderson Elliott, HIon. John A. MeMahon, W. D. Biekham, Colonel C. Williams, Justice Stanley Matthews, General W. S. Rosecrans, General R. P. Kennedy, Chaplain Earnshaw, and John W. Stoddard.
The speeches were made in the afternoon. The grand stand contained the above-named persons and others. Hon. S Craighead introduced the Ilon. G. W. Houk, who delivered the monument to the people. Governor Hoadly followed in a response, accepting the monument. A song was then sung entitled " Peace to their ashes, their graves are our pride." This song was composed by Mrs. John Hancock, and the music was composed
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HISTORY OF DAYTON.
by Prof. Blumenschein, both especially for the occasion. Colonel E. A. Parrott then delivered an oration, and the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" was sung. Then followed the oration of the day by General Joseph R. Hawley, and other speeches were made by General Rosecrans, Ex-President Hayes, Hon. John Sherman, and General Robert P. Ken- nedy, and the exercises closed with the singing of the song "America."
£
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S. J. Patterson
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CHAPTER XVI.
Mercantile and Commercial-Numerous Branches of Trade and Commerce-Numbers of Firms in Business in Various Years-The Wholesale and Retail Grocer-Dry Goods Dealers-Extent of Trade -- Disproportionate --- Explanation - Dayton Exchange-Cir- cular Issued -- Railroad Construction from Xenia to Washington -- Cheap Coal a Desideratum -- Death of the Exchange -- Completion of the Railroad into Jackson County -- Gradual Reduction in Price of Coal -- New Board of Trade-Its Efforts in Behalf of the Prosperity of the City.
T THE branches of trade and commerce in Dayton, like the classes of manufactures, are so numerous that it is manifestly impracticable to trace them out in all their details, and it is likewise impossible to present an historical sketch of this branch of the city's interests that shall be anything like satisfactory either to the reader or to the writer. No one realizes this more clearly or forcibly that those gentlemen, officers and members of the board of trade, who have made several earnest efforts, all of them unsuccessful, to collect complete statistical information regarding either conimerce or manufactures. Neither merchants nor manufacturers, as a rule, are willing to give the necessary facts and figures from which, when summed up, such a statement as is required by those who are merely seeking information might be made, even when every assurance of the most rigid secrecy as to the facts concerning any individual firm or com- pany is given. Hence it is evident that any attempt to do justice to this subject must fail from the necessities of the case.
But, if it is possible by a problem in proportion to arrive approxi- mately at the extent or amount of business done in any one year, from a tolerably close estimate of the number of firms and the amount of business transacted in any other year, the following figures may be of some value and interest, besides satisfying the curiosity of the reader:
From the city directories of 1856, 1871, 1880, and 1888, it has been computed that there were in those years in the various branches of business, the following numbers of individuals and firms engaged:
In 1856-Bookstores, 3; dealers in clothing, 4; coal dealer, 1; com- mission merchants, 2; confectioners, 4; druggists, 6; dry goods merchants, 6; furniture dealer, 1; grain dealer, 1; grocers, 26; hardware dealers, 2; hat, cap, and fur dealers, 3; land agent, 1; leather dealers, 3; lime and limestone dealers, 1; lumber dealers, 6; meat marketmen, 2; merchant tailors, 4; milliners, 3; piano dealers, 1; pork packers, 1; produce dealers, 2; provision stores 3; restaurateurs, 2.
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HISTORY OF DAYTON.
In 1871-Bakers, 24; in 1880, 31; in 1888, 32; bookstores, in 1871, 7; in 1880, 9; and in 1888, 10; boot and shoe dealers, in 1871, 70; in 1880, 97; in 1888, 90; butter dealers, in 1871, 1; in 1880, 4; in 1888, 3; dealers in china, glass and queensware, in 1871, 55; in 1880, 23; in 1888, 7 *; dealers in cigars and tobacco, in 1871, 24; in 1880, 60; in 1888, 53; coal dealers, in 1871, 13; in 1880, 19; in 1888, 33; commission merchants, in 1871, 12; in 1880, 9; in 1888, 10; confectioners, in 1871, 23; in 1880, 34; in 1888, 47; druggists, in 1871, 23; in 1880, 30; in 1888, 43; dry goods mer- chants, in 1871, 35; in 1880, 22; in 1888, 32; dealers in flour and feed, in 1871, 20; in 1880, 30; in 1888, 30; fruit dealers, in 1871, 17; in 1880, 17; in 1888, 15; furniture manufacturers and dealers, in 1871, 12; in 1880, 17; in 1888, manufacturers, 7; dealers, 13; merchant tailors, in 1871, 23; in 1880, 23; in 1888, 21; grain dealers, in 1871, 6; in 1880, 8; in 1888, 6; wholesale grocers, in 1871, 9; in 1880, 12; in 1888, 8; retail grocers, in 1871, 211; in 1880, 190; in 1888, 250; hardware merchants, in 1871, 9; in 1880, 9; in 1888, 10; dealers in house furnishing goods, in 1871, 4; in 1880, 7; 1888, 9; ice dealers, in 1871, 2; in 1880, 1; in 1888, 5; lumber dealers, in 1871, 10; in 1880, 9; 1888, 11; meat-marketmen, in 1871, 14; in 1880, 52; in 1888, 100; milliners, in 1871, 34; in 1880, 33; in 1888, 34; dealers in notions, in 1871, 18; in 1880, 62; in 1888, 49; piano dealers, in 1871, 3; in 1880, 6; in 1888, 6; pork packers, in 1871, 2; in 1880, 3; in 1888, 4; silverware dealers, in 1871, 6; in 1880, 5; in 1888, 6; dealers in stoves and hollow- ware, in 1871, 15; in 1880, 26; 1888, 30; watch-makers and jewelers, in 1871, 10; in 1880, 13; in 1888, 27.
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