USA > Ohio > Fairfield County > History of Fairfield County, Ohio, and representative citizens > Part 35
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Dr. Michael Effinger was born in Lancas- ter, Ohio, December, 11, 1819. He was a son of Samuel and Mary Noble Effinger. His grandfather, Samuel Noble, came from Mary- land, 1811, and settled on a farm adjoining Tarlton, Ohio. His mother was a sister of Colonel John Noble. He attended the schools and the academy of Lancaster. and entered the Miami University and graduated with honor. He studied medicine in the office of Drs. Boerstlers and Edwards, leading physi- cians of Lancaster. He attended lectures and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania,
Dr. Edwards was a genial man and made friends, but he was not a successful business man and died poor. He made an effort to at Philadelphia. Returning to Lancaster he better his fortune by going to Pike's Peak during the gold excitement, but it was barren of results. His old office on Main Street, which was in 1840 the resort of his Whig cronies and other friends, was called the "Coon Box" and was as famous as was the of- fice of Dr. Wagenhals in 1860, which was also called the "Coon Box."
Dr. Tom O. Edwards served in congress with ex-President John Quincy Adams and Abraham Lincoln in 1848. He was present in the House when the ex-President was stricken with paralysis and he was the physi- cian who attended him until he died. Both he
opened an office and commenced the practice of medicine. He continued to practice for about 50 years, being a most successful prac- titioner and honorable and useful citizen. In 1846 he was married to Miss Elmira Catlin, niece of Darius Tallmadge. He and General Sherman were friends and correspondents in their youth and their friendship continued through life. Jan. 5, 1890. he died after hav- ing been an invalid for many years.
Dr. F. L. Flowers was born on a farm in Harrison County, W. Va., March 17, 1811. In early life his father moved to Maysville. Ky. His early advantages were few but by
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improving his leisure hours he became a thoughtful, brainy man. In 1830 he came to Ohio, went to New Lisbon and studied med- icine with Dr. McCook, the father of the large family of fighting McCooks of the Union army. Dr. Flowers attended medical lectures in 1836 and 1837. at the Ohio Medical Col- lege in Cincinnati. In 1836 he began prac- tice in New Salem, then in a few years went to Bunnsville, Rehoboth and New Lexington. While at New Lexington he was a member of the Legislature for seven years. He sup- ported the Monroe bill for the establishment of the Reform School and he was the friend of the school to the end of his life. In 1864 he graduated from the Homeopathic Medical College and in 1874 he came to Lancaster, where he had a successful practice until his death in 1895. He left many friends as a re- stilt of his skill and attention in sickness.
Dr. P. M. Wagenhals was born in Carroll County, Ohio, the son of Rev. John Wagen- hals, who was long the honored pastor of St. Peter's Lutheran Church, Lancaster. Dr. Wagenhals received his early education in the public schools of Lancaster, afterwards studied medicine with Dr. Boerstler. He graduated from the University of Maryland. He was married to Susan Shaeffer and settled in Somerset and there he practiced until he re- moved to Lancaster in 1854. where he was a successful practitioner until about 1870, when he moved to Columbus, where he practiced his profession until his death. He was for a term of five years trustee of the Central Lu- natic Asylum in Columbus and during that time the splendid structure, the pride of Ohio. was built. We doubt if any doctor ever left behind him more sincere friends and admirers than Dr. Wagenhals, or who at his death was more sincerely mourned.
LIST OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF
FAIRFIELD COUNTY
Axline, John H., Lancaster, O., Hospital College of Medicine, Louisville, Ky .. 1875.
Axline, Clark G., Eclectic Med. Institute. 1908, Lancaster.
Alt. Charles Martin, Baltimore. O., Starling Medical College, 1895.
Alford, Charles M., Lancaster O., Univer- sity College of Medicine, Richmond, 1894.
Ashton, H. C., Basil, O., Starling Medical College. 1906.
Atkinson. F. P., Millersport. O., O. M. U .. 1903.
Baker, William Edson, Pleasantville. O .. Starling Med. College, 1895.
Barrow. Charles A., Carroll. Kentucky School of Medicine. 1893.
Beery. George Orman, Lancaster, () .. Miami Medical College, 1891.
Beery, George W., Lancaster, O .. C. E. C.
Berry, Reuben F., Lancaster. O., Bean- mont Hospital Medical 'College, St. Louis. 1888.
Boetler. George W., Lancaster, O., Med- ical College, Cleveland. O., 1867.
Bone, Pinckney S .. Royalton. O. M. U., 1903.
Bounds. H. Lee. Lancaster. O., O. M. [ .. 1904.
Bowman, Daniel Hunter, Starling Medical College, 1911. .
Bradford. A. A .. Bremen, O., 1 .. P.
Brown, Archie Ackers, Starling Medical College. 1909.
Brown, H. A., Carroll. O., Starling Med- ical College, 1875.
Brown, Carl Wilson, Starling Medical Col- lege. 1910.
Brison, H. C., Millersport. O., Medical Col- lege of Ohio. 1874.
.
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Chapman, Lee Jackson, Ohio Med. Uni- versity, 1896.
Courtright, George S., Lithopolis, O., Medical College of Ohio, 1862.
Courtright, Eugene, Columbus, O., Star- ling Medical College, 1884.
Cromley, William Aaron, Amanda, O., Starling Medical College, 1888.
Driver, O. P. (dec'd; see sketch Chap. VI, Bremen).
Goss, Clarence W., Lancaster, O., Starling Medical College, 1889.
Fishel, Charles R., Ohio Med. University, 1906.
Goss, John H., Lancaster, O., Cincinnati College of Medicine & Surgery, 1860.
Guthrie, Austin L., Medical College of Ohio, 1907.
Harman, George H., Lancaster, O., Med- ical College of Ohio, 1871.
Hamilton, Charles Howard, Starling Medical College, 1908.
Hazelton, Henson Marlowe, Lancaster, O., College of Physicians & Surgeons, Baltimore, Md., 1893.
Hershberger, Joseph P., Lancaster, O., Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, 1881.
Hewetson, Peter, Amanda, legal practi- tioner.
Hewetson, Joseph E., Amanda, Medical College of Ohio, 1896.
Huddle, Geo. P., Stoutsville, O., Starling Medical College, 1888.
Hunt, Frank O., N. W. Ohio Medical Col- lege, 1891.
Hufford, J. T., Clearport, Legal Practi- tioner, 1896.
Kefauber, Charles Addison, Stoutsville, O., Western Reserve University, 1886.
Kramer, Charles Holmes, Pickerington, O., Starling Medical College, 1905.
Lantz, James M., Starling Medical College, 1 908.
Lerch, Albert Verne, Pleasantville, O., Starling Medical College, 1892.
Lewis, W. C., Legal practitioner of Medi- cine.
Miller, Stephen A. D., Lancaster, O., Star- ling Medical College, 1886.
Mckenzie, Charles D., Cincinnati Col. of M. and S., 1896.
Mondhank, R. Wesley, Lancaster, O., O. M. U., 1896.
Park, Lovett E., Basil, O., Eclectic Med- ical Institute College, 1889.
Plum, Henry R., Lancaster, O., Starling Medical College, 1898.
Rauch, Ernest P., Lancaster, O., Starling Medical College, 1898.
Reese, Charles E., Lancaster, O., Medical College of Ohio, 1885.
Renshaw, Samuel (dec'd.), Sugar Grove; Starling Medical College, 1873.
Roller, George W., Lancaster, O., Keokuk Medical College, 1891.
Roller, Edward B., Lithopolis, O., Starling Medical College, 1905.
Samson, Harvey M., Lancaster, O., Balti- more Medical College, Baltimore, Md., 1893.
Smith, Ralph H., Starling Medical College, 1905.
Silbaugh, John James, Lancaster, O., Ken- tucky School of Medicine, 1889.
Sparks, Edward P., Basil, O., Olio Med- ical University, 1898.
Stukey, Frank, P., Lancaster, O., Ken- tucky School of Medicine, 1881.
Strayer, F. P., Bremen, Starling Medical College, 1873.
Taylor, Walter B., Pickerington, O., O. M. U., 1902.
Thomas, Benj. A. (dec'd.), Rushville, Starling Medical College, 1867.
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Trout, Frances, Lancaster, O., Woman's alloys. Gutta percha as a base was intro- Medical College of Pennsylvania, 1893.
Young, O. R., West Rushville, O., Colum- bus Medical College, 1894.
Walker, George W. W., Legal practitioner of Medicine.
Wyker, Calvin H., Ohio Medical College, 1909.
Osteopaths
Charles M. Larue, Lancaster; Dr. Baker, HISTORY OF DENTISTRY
(By Dr. Artemas B. Gray.)
As a distinct profession, dentistry has only developed during the past century. Prior to that period some of the operations were performed by the medical practitioner, or perhaps by some artisan who was pro- ficient in such operations. Some practition- ers now living can recollect that the opera- tion of extracting human teeth was per- formed by the barber or blacksmith.
The Romans probably acquired their den- tal knowledge from the Etruscans, and the Etruscans and Greeks from the Egyptians. Specimens of dental work in the shape of natural teeth bound together with gold, or artificial teeth of ivory, bone, wood, or stone, attached to natural ones by means of cord, or gold, or silver bands, have been found in the jaws of mummies, which were probably buried five or six hundred years B. C.
The use of porcelain as a material for arti- ficial teeth was first proposed by Fauchard in 1728; but the manufacture of porcelain teeth was first begun by the French about 1774. Gold was the first metal used as a base for artificial teeth about 1789. Other metals which have been used as bases are silver, platinum, aluminum, tin and various
duced in England by Edwin Trusman about 1851. Celluloid was the next material tried, but being more porous and less durable than vulcanite, it is seldom used at present. Porcelain and a combination of platinum and porcelain are used to a great extent. Cast aluminum bases in place of swedged ones are in very great favor.
Modern bridge work or the insertion of artificial teeth by means of bands, springs or artificial crowns attached to the crowns or roots of the natural teeth is but a modifica- tion of methods pursued by the ancients many centuries before the Christian era. Gold shell crowns are used for the purpose of covering teeth too badly broken down to be amenable to the operation of filling. Those who do not care for the ornamenta- tion of gold crowns have porcelain crowns fastened to the natural root.
Before the introduction of gold, lead foil was used as a material for filling. Tin, in the form of foil, has been used for filling teeth since 1783. In 1826, amalgams were introduced. An amalgam is a combination of one or more metals with mercury. The other plastics used at present include : Gutta percha, Hills' stopping, oxy-chloride of zinc, zinc phosphate, etc. Each of these cements has its definite uses and advan- tages, but all have the disadvantage of serv- ing only as temporary fillings. The filling of pulp canals in dentalized teeth was intro- duced by Maynard & Baker of Washington, D. C.
One of the latest inventions in the art of dentistry is inlay work, either of porcelain, gold or similar materials, which are ce- mented into a tooth cavity in such form and shape as to fit it exactly.
The teeth frequently become loosened
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from their attachments in consequence of local or constitutional disturbances, but the treatment of this condition is still a some- what knotty problem. When due to local causes, such as deposits of tartar, the treat- ment is principally local and consists in first removing the deposits, getting the teeth as smooth as possible and then adopting proper therapeutic and prophylactic meas- ures. The constitutional cause, which is more often concerned, is the so-called gouty or rheumatic condition.
Orthodontia, or the art of regulating or correcting malpositions of the teeth, has re- cently developed into a distinct specialty. although some attention has been given it by dentists ever since the latter part of the eighteenth century.
Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, es- tablished in 1839, was the first institution of the kind in the world. It was the direct re- sult of an agitation to put dentists on a higher professional plane, and followed an unsuccessful attempt to found dental chairs in medical schools. About the time of the Revolutionary war. dentists came to the United States from England and France. Atkinson first recommended the mallet as aid to the filling of teeth with gold. Bonner invented the rubber dam. Wells discovered the application to dentistry of nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas.
Lancaster has a long list of successful dentists, whose names follow: Dr. W. C. Graham, Dr. D. H. Miller, Dr. Lee H. O'Grady, Dr. C. W. Outcalt, Dr. M. Pal- meter, Dr. R. Ray Peters, Dr. C. E. Repass. Dr. S. M. Scott & Sons, Dr. W. M. Scott, Dr. J. C. Scott, Dr. W. E. Shadrack, Dr. J. C. Stover, Dr. F. T. Struckman, Dr. J. H. Stukey, Dr. T. R. Levan and Dr. J. J. Stukey.
DR. HERVEY SCOTT
Dr. Hervey Scott, Educator, Physician, Dental Surgeon, Historian. Dr. Hervey Scott was born near Old Town, Green County, Ohio, Jan. 30, 1809. He remained on the farmı of his father until his seventeenth birth- day. From this time for a number of years he applied himself to improving his desired edu- cation and instructing children in the county schools, making his home in South Charles- ton, Ohio.
When he was twenty-four years of age he commenced the study of medicine, attending the Ohio Medical College in Cincinnati, and in 1836 he entered practice. This he con- tinued for three years when he turned his attention to dentistry, which profession he followed for almost fifty years. He located in Lancaster, Ohio, in 1838, where he resided until 1891, when he went to Toledo, Ohio, to live with his daughter, Mrs. Hutchinson. On the seventh day of November, 1830, he was married to Lydia Mitton, of South Charles- ton, who died childless on the 12th day of June, 1840. On the 10th day of April, 1842, he was a second time married to Priscilla A. Crook of Lancaster, Ohio, who was the mother of his children. Her death occurred July 14, 1873. His family consisted of six children, viz: Hervey, Mary E., Sarah M., John Clark, Charles and William. Two of these children, Mary E. and Charles, died in infancy. His son, Dr. J. Clark Scott, is a practicing dentist of Lancaster, with an experience of many years. He has two sons, Dr. W. M. Scott and Dr. S. M. Scott that are dentists, now located in Lancaster. Thus it will be seen that three generations have taken up dentistry as their chosen profession. Not frequently is this con- dition found. Dr. Hervey Scott's youngest
AN OLD RELIC, FIRST STORE IN BASIL, OHIO
This log cabin was erected in 1809 by Jacob Goss, a native of Switzerland, and was his first dwelling house in America. It was occupied in 1828 by Henry Leonard, when he began his mercantile carrer, he being then only 16 years old.
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LATEST STORE ERECTED IN BASIL (By G. W. Kumler, 1905)
LUTHERAN CHURCHI, LITHOPOLIS
THOMAS WETZLER
HERVEY SCOTT
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son, WV. D. Scott, is now a resident of Detroit, Mich.
Dr. Scott manifested a decided liking for journalistic work and his many historical and pioneer sketches have attracted wide-spread attention. He was especially fond of recount- ing the incidents and events of years long gone by-pertaining to pioneer life. His fund of thrilling happenings during his youth and early manhood seemed almost inexhaustible. In 1859 he bought the Lancaster Gazette and American Democrat, consolidating the two papers for the benefit of his son Hervey, who was a practical printer.
"The History of Fairfield County," was a very meritorious production of Dr. Scott's and made its advent in 1876. Throughout it was very correct and highly appreciated by the people of the county. At the time of his death Dr. Scott was eighty-seven years of age. He possesser a wonderfully strong physical organ- ization, coming from a hardy race of people. His father was close to the century mark at the time of death.
The death bed scene of Dr. Scott was cer- tainly the most beautiful. He spoke of death in a happy and cheerful frame of mind and as the parting words to those about him left his lips a smile came upon his face which lasted even unto death. His life was certainly an exemplary one. He was a close student of human nature and was the friend of every- body, identifying himself closely with the in- dividual and collective interests of Lancaster. One trait of his character, commented upon by all who knew him, was his deferential bearing to his elders and his sympathy and aid to the sick and unfortunate. He was widely known and the esteem and confidence he enjoyed was co-extensive with his acquaintance.
The life of such a man as that of the ven-
erable doctor is an object lesson for all to study with lasting benefit to themselves.
TILE PARK STREET HOSPITAL.
The Park Street Hospital was organized in October, 1908. It has a capacity of ten patients. It has an operating room and mod- ern equipment. Its matron and chief nurse is Jennie Gravett. Its consulting surgeon is Dr. George Boerstler: consulting and operating surgeon, Dr. J. J. Silbaugh ; anaesthitist, Dr. H. R. Plum. The visiting physicians and as- sistants are : Doctors H. F. Mondhank, George O. Beery, A. L. Guthrie, H. M. Samson, H. M. Hazelton, and C. W. Goss. This is the only hospital in Fairfield County. Since its organi- zation many difficult and major surgical oper- ations have been done by its operating surgeon and with excellent results. The medical cases treated here have been many and with far bet- ter results than in private practice.
THE LANCASTER MEDICAL RESEARCH CLUB.
The Lancaster Medical Research Club was organized in 1908. Its first president was Dr. J. J. Silbaugh ; its first secretary, Dr. George Orman Beery. The club meets every Monday night at its club rooms in the Kirn building. The club is following the work outlined by American Medical Association and will soon complete the fourth year of this work. Origi- nal research work is being done by the mem- bers of this club. Important clinical cases are brought before the society for diagnosis and discussion.
The officers of the club for 1912 are : C. W. Goss, president: Dr. Ralph W. Smith, secre- tary.
Membership Roll-Doctors J. J. Silbaugh, Geo. O. Beery, A. L. Guthrie, R. W. Mond- hank, H. M. Hazelton, R. W. Smith, C. W. Goss, H. R. Plum, P. R. Bone.
CHAPTER XIII
RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT
Sketches of the Various Churches and Religious Societies in Lancaster-The Lancaster Camp Meeting and Assembly-Rev. Geo. H. Leonard, D. D .- Tullius Clinton O"Kane.
First Methodist Episcopal Church, Lan- caster, Ohio-At a session of the quarterly conference of the First Methodist Episco- pal church of Lancaster, Ohio, held October, 9, 19II, a resolution was passed authorizing the celebration of the one hundreth anniver- sary of the founding of Methodism in Lan- caster, the celebration to be held in the First. Methodist Episcopal church during the year A. D., 1912. A committee consisting of James T. Pickering, Joseph S. Sites and Amos Thomas was then appointed to co-operate with the pastor of the church, Rev. Charles Bertram Pyle in the preparation of a program for the oc- casion.
With a desire to perpetuate the memory and the heroic deeds of the consecrated men of God who planted Methodism in this sec- tion of the country, the committee submit- ted, with the centennial program, a history of the founding and progress of Methodism in Lancaster, Ohio, from which we quote in part.
The great Ordinance of 1787, guarantee- ing civil and religious liberty to the vast ter- ritory north of the Ohio river, was passed July 13, 1787. In that same year the Meth-
odist Episcopal conference in session at Petersburg, Virginia, organized what was known as the Ohio Circuit, or district, cov- ering portions of Virginia and the country north of the Ohio river. At that conference two young men, Charles Conaway and George Callahan were admitted on trial and were assigned as the first preachers on the Ohio Circuit or district of which Joseph Cromwell was then made the Presiding Elder. They were followed on this Circuit by other heroic and consecrated men, as fol- lows, the names being given in the order of their appointment : Richard Pearson, John Todd, Thomas Carroll, Daniel Fidler, Wil- liam McLenahan, Thomas Haymond, I. Lemford, L. Mathews, Daniel Hitt, Samuel Hitt, Andrew Nichols, John Seward, Na- thaniel B. Mills, Jacob Colbert and Jesse Stoneman. Jesse Stoneman served the Ohio Circuit in 1799 and was transferred to the "Muskingum and Hock-Hocking" circuit in 1800, when it was first organized. This territory remained in the Pittsburg district of the Baltimore Conference until 1804 when it was transferred to the Western Conference and became a part of the Ohio district.
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In 1799 there were two circuits in the Jacob D. Deitrick, Elizabeth Deitrick, Peter Northwestern Territory. In 1800 there Reber, Sarah Reber, Christian Weaver, Eliza- beth Weaver, George Canode, Mary Canode and Thomas Orr and wife. It is be- lieved that a small class had been formed prior to this, but for some cause, now un- known, had lost its existence. The first church edifice was erected by the Methodist Society in Lancaster in 1816 or '17, prob- ably in 1817 as the deed for the lot on which the church was built was not executed and delivered until January 8, 1817. This lot was the generous gift of Emanuel Carpen- ter, Esq., and was deeded by him and his wife, Sally Carpenter to Daniel Arnold, Benjamin Smith, Peter Reber, Nimrod Bright, Jesse Springer, Jacob Claypool and James S. Collins, trustees of the Methodist church. were three-Miami, Scioto, and "Musk- ingum and Hock-Hocking" circuits. On the latter, Rev. Jesse Stoneman, who afterward lived and died in Perry county, was preacher in charge. Rev. James Quinn, then a young man, was sent to assist Mr. Stoneman. By the labors of these indefatigable pioneers of Methodism, the circuit was greatly en- larged. The College Township, where Athens is now situated, was taken in and societies formed there. In the winter of this year Mr. Quinn ascended the Hock- Hocking from the College township to a settlement near where the city of Lancaster now stands, and found a few members of the church joined in a class by the advice of Edward Teal, an old class-leader of Balti- more county, Maryland, who was then pre- paring to move his family to this country.
This was the first Methodist society formed in what is now Fairfield county. The following are the names composing the class: Edward Teal and wife, Jesse Spur- geon and wife, Ishmael Dew and wife, Nim- rod Bright and wife, and Elijah Spurgeon and wife. They met for worship at the cabin of Mr. Teal, some three miles east of Lan- caster, on Zane's trace. Mr. Quinn preached for them twice or thrice, and a small collection was taken up for him as they were not regularly in his circuit.
Jesse Spurgeon and Nimrod Bright were licensed exhorters. The first quarterly meeting in this county was held at the house of Mr. John Murphy. Bishop Asbury was present, as also Rev. Daniel Hitt, a presid- ing elder of the Baltimore conference.
From the most reliable information, the first society was formed in Lancaster in 1812, and was composed of the following persons :
Rev. James Quinn preached the first ser- mon therein, standing upon a carpenter's bench. In 1801, Rev. Joseph Chenworth was preacher in charge on the circuit, and the members numbered 366. Next year Na- thaniel B. Mills was preacher. In 1803 Rev. James Quinn reported the state of the coun- try and the wants of the people to the Balti- more Conference, and Rev. Asa Shinn was appointed to what was then called Hock- Hocking circuit. He extended it to a large four weeks' circuit, and raised fourteen or fifteen classes, and returned at the close of the year, one hundred members.
The two succeeding years, Rev. James Quinn was preacher in charge; the latter year, Rev. Joseph Williams assisted him, and the membership was increased to 228.
From this time to 1811, Fairfield county and Lancaster were in Hock-Hocking cir- cuit. The preachers during this period were: John Meek, Joseph Hays, James Ax- ley, James King, Ralph Lotspiech, Isaac
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Quinn, Benjamin Lakin, John Johnson and John Manley. The members had increased to 767.
At the last session of the Western con- ference held in Cincinnati, Ohio, October I. 1811, James B. Finley was admitted into full connection in the conference, and assigned to Fairfield circuit, Muskingum district, of which James Quinn was then presiding elder.
Fairfield Circuit extended from the town of Putman on the Muskingum river to ten miles west of Lancaster, and from the head water of the Licking to the falls of Hock- Hocking.
When Rev. James B. Finley arrived on the circuit there were twenty-five appoint- ments, which he increased to thirty-eight during the year. During a portion of the year he was assisted by Isaac Quinn and they made the rounds of this vast circuit .once a month.
At the session of the general conference in May, 1812, the old Western Conference was discontinued and out of it came the Tennessee and Ohio Conferences. The first session of the Ohio conference was held at Chillicothe, Ohio, October 17, 1812, and with the convening of that conference, Rev. James B. Finley closed his important work on Fairfield circuit.
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