USA > Ohio > Knox County > History of Knox County, Ohio, its past and present > Part 43
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The fair for 1868 was held on the society's grounds September 29th and 30th, and October Ist. The officers were: George B. Potwin, president; Robert Miller, vice-president; Alexander Cassil, secretary, and John D. Thompson, treasurer.
The display in floral and art halls was not as good as could have been desired. The exhibition of stock was excellent. The wheat crop of the year was good both in yield and quality; amount sown, small. The corn crop was large, and of a good quality. The oat and barley crops were almost a failure. Clover seed was light in consequence of raids by the grasshoppers. The hay crop was very light. The failure of the hay crop caused a falling off of winter stock fully one-fourth, com- pared with the last winter. This was more espec- ially the case with sheep, as farmers sold off their whole flocks to persons who slaughtered them for pelts and tallow. The fruit crop was unusually light, and of inferior quality.
The fair for 1869 was held on the eighth, ninth
and tenth or September. The weather for the first days was very unfavorable.
Stock, especially horses, was well represented. The interest in fine wool sheep continued unabated. Some fine Spanish merinoes were on exhibition. The fine flock of long wool sheep exhibited by Mr. Rinehart, attracted much attention. The ladies under direction of Mr. E. W. Cotton ornamented the new floral hall in fine style. This hall was built at a cost of three thousand dollars. The wheat and oat crop of the county was excellent. The society numbered this year four hundred men- bers.
The officers were: George B. Potwin, president; Robert Miller, vice-president; Alexander Cassil, secretary ; John D. Thompson, treasurer.
The officers for 1870 were: George B. Potwin, president ; Robert Miller, vice-president ; Alexander Cassil (resigned), secretary; C. E. Critchfield, secretary; John D. Thompson, treasurer.
Fair held September 27th, 28th and 29th.
The board was authorized to borrow one thou- sand dollars.
Judging from the published premium list, the fair of this year must have been a success: For horses of all grades seventy-nine premiums were paid; for cattle, thirty-two; for sheep, twenty- seven; for swine, fourteen; for farm products, agricultural implements and machinery, fruits and flowers, forty-four premiums were paid. Floral hall was replete with useful and pretty things. The committee on cattle report :
We find the showing in this class. K, the best that we have ever witnessed on exhibition, at any previous show in this coun- ty, there being two competitors, J. P. Larimore, esq., and John Lyal, esq., both of whom eqhibited very fine herds so nearly equal in points of excellence that your committee found it dif- ficult to decide.
The premium was awarded to Mr. Larimore.
The officers for 1871 were: Robert Miller, president; Noah Boynton, vice-president; C. E. Critchfield, secretary; John D. Thompson, treas- urer.
Fair held September 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th.
The board authorized the building of fifty new stalls, the digging of a well on the grounds, and the making of other necessary repairs.
The entries at the fair this year were uncom- monly large, every stall on the ground being full.
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HISTORY OF KNOX COUNTY.
The stock of all kinds was exceedingly good, and drew the attention of all visitors.
Some splendid horses were on exhibition.
The display in floral hall met the hearty and cordial approbation of all.
The entries of stock were: horses, one hundred and fifty-five; cattle, eighty-four; sheep, ninety- two; hogs, forty-two; mules, thirteen.
The fair for 1872 was held on the twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh of September, and is reported to have been the best and largest fair ever held in the county, there hav- ing been over one thousand entries. Receipts from all sources were about three thousand three hun- dred dollars. There were premiums paid to the amount of two thousand dollars, besides paying on old debts six hundred dollars.
No mention is made of the stock entries, but it is believed the display was superior. The dis- play in floral hall was large and fine. The society this year numbered about seven hundred members. The officers were: Robert Miller, president ; Noah Boynton, vice-president ; C. E. Critchfield, secre- tary; John D. Thompson, treasurer.
On motion, a resolution was adopted "that it is expedient to sell the present grounds in accordance with petitions of the city council and of numerous citizens."
Farms in the neighborhood were examined by a committee for new grounds. The farms of Joseph Adams and P. H. Updegraff were favorably men- tioned.
Fair for 1873 was held September 23d, 24th, 25th and 26th.
The weather, the first two days, was rainy, but the last two days good. There was a small attend- ance of visitors. The entries numbered one thou- sand; receipts from all sources about three thou- sand dollars. The premiums, expenses and repairs about equalled the receipts. A small debt rested upon the society. The show of horses, cattle, sheep and hogs was very fine, and the display of agricul- tural implements and products good. The floral hall was filled to overflowing and was a credit to the ladies of the county.
ACRES.
YIELD.
Wheat
20,858
240,266 bushels.
Oats.
15,136
336, 137
Corn
30,639
1,315,785
Potatoes.
926
79,540 bushels. Meadow 19,196 15,265 tons hay. Butter.
634,443 pounds.
Officers-George W. Steele, president; Charles A. Young, vice-president ; A. J. Beach, treasurer.
The question of selling the old grounds and the purchase of new, was discussed during this and subsequent years, and several farms in the neigh- borhood were examined and reported upon more or less favorably. Propositions to sell the grounds at public outcry to the highest bidder, and to lay them out in town lots and place them on the mar- ket, were discussed at meetings of the society, but up to the present (1881) nothing has been done. The sale of the grounds found but little favor with a large majority of the members, and citizens.
Officers for 1874-George W. Steele, president; C. A. Young, vice-president; C. E. Critchfield, sec- retary; A. J, Beach, treasurer.
The fair was held October 6th, 7th 8th and 9th.
Tuesday and Wednesday the weather was very unfavorable; on Thursday and Friday it was fine. On Thursday fully ten thousand people were on the ground.
The receipts at the gate on Tuesday were twenty- two dollars; Wednesday, five hundred and seventy dollars and sixty-seven cents; Thursday, one thou- sand seven hundred and eighty-one dollars and seven cents. On Friday the receipts were given up to the jockey club.
The display of stock of all kinds was very full, the stalls and pens being all occupied. The dis- play of machinery and agricultural implements was large and interesting, and gave great satisfaction. Floral hall presented a fine appearance, and was the most attractive feature of the fair.
Officers for 1875-C. A. Young, president; Alex- ander Cassil, vice-president; O. G. Daniels, secre- tary; Noah Boynton, treasurer.
The fair this year was held October 5th, 6th and 7th.
The weather the first day up to noon was fine, and the people from the country were out in full force, the annual fair and Barnum's circus being the objective points of interest.
The third day the attendance was good. It was remarked by all that the display of agricultural im- plements was excellent both in number and 'va-
:
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HISTORY OF KNOX COUNTY.
riety. Floral hall was well filled with pictures and needle work, flowers and vegetables. The show of stock was excellent-the horses, cattle, sheep, hogs and poultry were all of the best grades. John Lyal had some good stock, and it would seem as though he was entitled to some premiums, though he failed to obtain any. James Martin had the largest number, and, it is probable, the best show of cattle on the grounds. He received sixteen premiums on fifteen head.
Officers for 1876-Alexander Cassil, president; Peres Critchfield, vice-president ; Willard S. Hyde, secretary; Ira M. McFarland, treasurer.
Fair held September 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th.
At one of the early meetings of the board a loan of one thousand five hundred dollars was author- ized to be made.
At a later meeting another loan of one thousand eight hundred dollars was authorized, and the board authorized to cancel the indebtedness of the society. A committee appointed to ascertain this indebtedness reported as follows: The liabilities for 1876 were two thousand three hundred and forty-four dollars and thirteen cents ; the amount due the society was two hundred and forty-six dol- lars and seventy-nine cents; leaving the liabilities of the society two thousand ninety-seven dollars and thirty-four cents.
On the last three days of the fair the attendance was large, bringing the receipts up to about two thousand six hundred dollars from gate money and entry fees.
All departments were well represented in the dis- play, and commanded great attention from visitors.
Officers for 1877-Alexander Cassil, president ; Peres Critchfield, vice-president ; Williard S. Hyde, secretary ; Samuel Bishop, treasurer.
The receipts of 1877 were two thousand one hundred and ninety-four dollars and five cents ; and the expenses, two thousand six hundred and nine dollars and thirty-one cents, leaving a deficit of four hundred and fifteen dollars and twenty-six cents.
At this fair the display in every department was never excelled, although on account of rain on the first and second days, the number of visitors was small.
The display of horses was uncommonly good.
About one hundred and seventy-five were entered for exhibition. The display of cattle was also ex- cellent.
The departments of hogs and sheep were filled with stock of superior breeds. One hundred head of hogs and one hundred and twenty-five head of sheep were entered for exhibition.
In agricultural implements the display was large and fine.
Floral hall was packed full of useful and orna- mental articles. The ladies' work displayed great taste, and was much admired.
The fair for 1878 was held September 24th, 25th, 26th, and 27th. The officers were: John C. Levering, president; Alexander Cassil, vice-presi- dent; William S. Hyde, secretary; Samuel Bishop, treasurer.
Following is the report of President Levering:
The twenty-fifth annual fair of the Knox County Agricultural society was held on the society's grounds, in the city of Mount Vernon. It was well attended, and was the most successful ex- hibition the society ever held, every department being fully rep- resented. Crops of all kinds were good the past season. Our farmers have generally adopted a mixed husbandry; more prof- itable in a series of years than to make a specialty of any one crop, while any crop that can be grown profitably in the State, can be grown here successfully.
Wheat, corn, oats, and hay, are the principal crops grown in the county. The wheat crop of 1878 was perhaps the largest ever grown in the county, both in acreage and the yield per acre. There are many varieties of wheat grown in the county -the Mediterranean still holding a prominent place as a sure crop, while the largest yields are reported from the Fultz; the Clawson is not yet sufficiently tested; the Gypsey is generally discarded.
A large proportion of our county is well adapted to growing corn, especially the western part, and the Kokosing valley. It is the largest crop raised in the county, and considered the most important; it is generally fed to stock, thus producing the largest income of any other crop.
Of oats, there have been several new varieties introduced, but none succeed so well as the common yellow-spangled variety. The Norway or black oats are entirely discarded.
The potato crop has assumed considerable importance, and is the chief crop grown in the county.
Of fruits, apples are the principal crop; the yield of 1878 was the largest ever produced in the county, and of excellent qual- ity. Large quantities were shipped east, and even to England. Of peaches there was more than an average crop.
In the live stock department there is a manifest improvement in all kinds bred and raised in the county.
The importation of the Clydesdale, Norman, and Percheron horses is producing some fine, heavy roadsters, which command ready sales and good prices.
Of cattle we have the shorthorn, which, by crossing with the common cows, produce good feeding steers, which find ready
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HISTORY OF KNOX COUNTY.
market. There are several fine herds in the county. There are but a few of the Jerseys, Alderneys, Ayrshires, or Devons in the county.
In the production of sheep and wool, there has been a de- cline in the numbers in the few past years. The Spanish or American Merino compose by far the larger proportion of sheep in the county.
Of hogs, the Poland-China, Berkshires, and the Chester- Whites make the most important showing in the "long-faced gentry." So far as this department of the fair is concerned, the exhibition was a success.
Floral hall and fine-art hall were great attractions.
Of farm products, the display was excellent. The condition of agriculture in the county is improving. The farmers are taking more pains in the cultivation of the soil, by underdrain- ing, manuring, and a more thorough system in the rotation of crops.
The officers for 1879 were: John C. Levering, president; Alexander Cassil, vice-president; John F. Gay, secretary ; B. S. Cassel, treasurer.
The fair was held October 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th.
On the twenty-first of March Treasurer Cassel reported that there had been placed in his hands one thousand, nine hundred and four dollars and twenty-seven cents; that the amount paid out was one thousand, five hundred and ninety-one dollars and sixteen cents; leaving an excess of receipts of three hundred and thirteen dollars and eleven cents.
This year's fair is published as the twenty-seventh annual exhibition. Previous to the exhibition an addition had been made to floral hall, in which to exhibit fruits and vegetables, where they made a fine display. The halls, sheds, and stalls had also been renovated and repaired, and quite a number of new ones had been added.
Up to Wednesday morning about eleven thou- sand entries were made, the numbers being in ex- cess of any previous year.
Floral hall, under the management of Mr. C. S. Pyle and Mr. O. M. Mulvany, made a splendid appearance.
In agricultural implements there was an exten- sive display, that attracted a great deal of atten- tion.
In the horse and cattle departments the number of entries was larger than in any previous year. All stalls were filled. The display of sheep and hogs was very large. All the pens were occupied. The display of poultry was unusually large and fine.
The officers for 1880 were: John C. Levering, president ; Alexander Cassil, vice president; John F. Gay, secretary; B. S. Cassel, treasurer.
The fair was held October 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th.
The fair of 1880 was a success. The first two days were lightly attended by visitors, but dur- ing the last two days the attendance was large -larger than on any two days of any previous fair. The total gate receipts were two thousand seven hundred and twenty-five dollars; the total entry fees were seven hundred and seventy-five dollars; total receipts, three thousand five hundred dollars.
Floral hall was attractive, and the committee de- served great credit for the admirable taste dis- played in arranging the many articles belonging to that department.
Among the exhibitors in the stock department, Messrs. W. S. W. Wing and L. F. Jones had twenty-two head of Kentucky cattle; Mr. John Lyal had thirteen head of fine cattle; and Mr. James Martin fifteen head.
Holmes & Dickeson, J. C. Levering & Com- pany, S. K. Pumphrey, and H. H. Brown, each had on exhibition draft stallions.
Hogs and sheep were on hand in splendid con- dition and of superior breeds.
Chickens, turkeys, ducks, and geese, were on hand in large numbers.
Buggies and carriages of improved styles, the manufacture of Mr. David Sanderson and Mr. George D. Neal, were on exhibition.
Messrs. Pealer & Norrick made forty-three en- tries of improved farm implements, and two steam engines.
At the January meeting of the members of the society, Mr. E. A. Pealer was elected president; Mr. John C. Levering, vice-president; Mr. John F. Gay, secretary; and Bascom S. Cassel, treas- urer for 1881.
At the annual meeting of the Ohio State Agri- cultural society, held at Columbus in January, 1881, Mr. John C. Levering, of Knox county, was elected a member of the board of managers. This is the first time Knox county has been thus honored.
The board decided to hold the State fair at Co- lumbus from August 28th to September 3, 1881. Mr. Levering was assigned to the department of "Mechanics' and Manufacturers' products."
239
HISTORY OF KNOX COUNTY.
CHAPTER XXVI. BENCH AND BAR.
FIRST COURT IN THE COUNTY-THE WHIPPING POST-FIRST PROSECUTING ATTORNEY-PROCEEDINGS OF THE COURT- FIRST PRACTICING LAWYERS -- A BRIEF NOTICE OF EACH OF THE MEMBERS OF THE MOUNT VERNON BAR.
The first court held in Knox county, convened May 1, 1808, William Wilson, of Licking county, presiding. John Mills and William Gass were the associate judges. Charles Loffland was elected by the court, clerk pro tempore. The first grand jury impanneled consisted of Matthew Merrit, foreman, John Herrod, Samuel H. Smith, James Walker, jr., David Miller, Joseph Walker, Gilman Bryant, James Walker, sr., William Douglass, Ziba Leonard, Stephen Chapman, Benjamin Butler, Jonathan Hunt, and Ichabod Nye. The first petit jury was composed of James Loveridge, Henry Smith, Aaron Brown, James Smith, Benjamin Brown, John Beam, William Nash, Daniel Demick, Michael Brown, Peter Baxter, Archibald Gardner, and Levi Herrod.
Banning Norton thus introduces the first court held in the county:
On the first of May, 1808, the faces of old and young, great and small, of the male and female, upon Owl creek's "stormy banks," were anxiously turned to the south to catch the first glimpse of that august personage, "the court, " then expected to make a first visitation to Mount Vernon. Ben. Butler and aunt Leah had their house all "in apple-pie order" for their grand reception ; Jim Craig, at his house on the corner of Mul- berry and Gambier, had laid in a fresh supply of whisky and other refreshments; Gilman Bryant had got a bran new horn for his customers, and had rubbed his little store up until the stock looked as bright as a dollar ; and Sheriff Brown had caused the little wagor.maker shop of Coyle & Sons to be swept out and supplied with smooth round logs for the jurymen and others in attendance to sit on. Every man and boy that had been fortu- nate enough to kill his deer had buckskin leggins and a new hunting shirt, and every woman who had a wheel had spun and dyed and made herself and little ones a good homespun gar- ment. Some few who could stand the expense had bought of store calico three to five yards, at seventy-five cents a yard, and fitted themselves with a two or three breadth dress, the third breadth, made into gores, so as to be wider at the bottom; for in those days there were no fashionable women to parade the streets with fifteen to eighteen yards in a dress, and no disposi- tion for extravagant displays of wearing apparel. The court travelled on horse-back-handed the saddle-bags to "Knuck Harris," and, after rest and refreshment, bright and early on the morning of the second of May "opened" and proceeded to busi- ness. The whole population-men, women and children -- were out in their best rig, to witness this great event.
The first jury trial was the State of Ohio vs.
William Hedrick. The following is an extract from the minutes of that court:
Agreeable to an act of the general assembly of the State of Ohio, passed on the thirtieth of January, 1808, for establishing and organizing the county of Knox :
Be it, therefore, remembered and known, that we, William Wilson, president, John Mills and William Gass, associate judges for said county of Knox, did on this day, to-wit : Mon- day. the second day of May, in the year of our Lord 1808, meet at Mount Vernon, the temporary seat of justice for the county aforesaid, and proceeded to the appointment of a clerk for the said county, whereupon it was declared by the court that Charles Loffland was duly elected clerk pro tempore, who came into court and was duly qualified as the law directs.
Samuel H. Smith, esq., was duly elected surveyor of Knox county.
Present : William W. Farquhar, gentleman; James Arm- strong, James Dunlap, and Isaac Cook, gentlemen, who were appointed by the legislature on the ninth of February last for fixing the county seat in the county for Knox, made their re- port to the court of common pleas for the county aforesaid that Mount Vernon should be the seat of justice for said county.
At this court four indictments were found against one William Hedrick, as follows : For stealing a watch from William Bowen ; for stealing a bay mare, property of William Wallace ; for steal- ing one pair of overalls, the property of Joseph Cherry Holmes ; for stealing one bell and collar, the property of William Wallace. On each indictment Hedrick was found guilty, and judgment rendered against him as follows :
Ist charge .- Fine five dollars, pay the owner, William Bowen, fifteen dollars, and be whipped on his naked hack ten stripes, imprisoned one month, pay the cost, and stand committed until the sentence is complied with.
2d charge .- Prisoner be whipped twenty lashes on his naked back, and pay a fine of twenty dollars, and be imprisoned one month, and pay the owner seventy dollars, the value of the mare, pay the cost, and stand committed, etc.
3d charge. - Prisoner be whipped on his naked back five stripes, pay a fine of two dollars, be imprisoned one month, pay the owner five dollars, double the value of the overalls, pay cost, and stand committed, etc.
4th charge. - Prisoner to be whipped five stripes on his naked back, pay a fine of one dollar, pay the owner one dollar and a half, the value of the bell and collar, pay the costs, and stand committed, etc.
Norton relates as follows how the above sentences were carried into effect :
The judgment of castigation was exccuted upon the public square of Mount Vernon, shortly after the adjournment of court, in presence of all the people. Silas Brown was the sheriff, and it fell to his lot as such to serve the "legal process" upon the body of William Hedrick. There was a small leaning kickory tree upon the east side of the public square, between the present Norton building (now occupied by Dr. Israel Green, druggist) and High street, and a little south of where the jail was after- wards built, and this tree bent in such a way that a man could walk around under it. To this delectable spot the culprit was taken, and his hands were stretched up over his head and tied to the tree, and the stripes were applied by the sheriff to his
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HISTORY OF KNOX COUNTY.
naked back. He was struck forty times with a heavy raw-hide whip.
The first few blows with the raw-hide were across the kidneys. Mr. Bryant, one of the bystanders, at once called oat to the sheriff to whip him elsewhere-that was no place to whip a man -he should strike higher up; and the rest of the lashes were applied across the shoulders.
The criminal sobbed and cried piteously, and when released went off weeping and groaning. In many places the skin was cut and broken, and the blood oozed out, making a pitiable spectacle. And yet such was the feeling against him that few seemed to sympathize with the scourged. As he started off he said to the spectators: "You should not blame me for this, for it was not my fault." Bob Walker replied: "No, you wouldn't have stood up and been whipped that way, if you could have helped it." And at this prompt retort to Hedrick's explanation or apology, the crowd laughed uproariously.
From Gilman Bryant, Samuel H. Smith, Benjamin Butler, Jonathan Hunt, and Stephen Chapman of the grand jury, and James Loveridge and the Herrods of the petit jury, and Richard Roberts, who witnessed this same, this account of the first and last judicial punishment by whipping in Knox county, was gath- ered. Few of the present citizens are aware that such punish- ment of criminals was ever the law of the land in which they have the good fortune to live.
The appointment by the court of a clerk for the county, and of a surveyor, completed the organiza- tion of the county.
There being no attorney in attendance at this session, the court appointed Samuel Kratzer, a wor- thy and intelligent citizen, attorney to defend the said Hedrick. To him the county paid the first attorney's fees, six dollars, ever paid in the county. Kratzer, in the early courts, when no attorney was in attendance, officiated as prosecuting attorney.
Among the proceedings of the first court was the granting a license to William Thrift, a Baptist min- ister, to solemnize marriages. Samuel Kratzer and Stephen Chapman were authorized to retail mer- chandise in Mount Vernon, on paying into the treasury five dollars each. Samuel Kratzer was also licensed to keep a house of entertainment in Mount Vernon, on paying six dollars, and Daniel Ayers was licensed to keep one in Fredericktown, on paying five dollars. The last will and testament of William Leonard was proven.
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