USA > Ohio > Pickaway County > History of Pickaway County, Ohio and Representative Citizens > Part 2
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104
Log Cabin, Built by Michael Alkire.
148
Logan Elm
160
Logan Elm, Trunk of
160
Masonic Temple, Circleville
296
Masonic Temple, Williamsport
118
Memorial Hall, Circleville
318
Odd Fellows' Block, Circleville
318
OHIO CANAL VIEWS.
Aqueduct over Scioto River, Circleville
216
Lock House, Wayne Township
14
State Dam, Scioto River, below Circleville.
14
Orient, View of the Main Street
160
Pickaway. County Children's Home.
198
Pickaway County Children's Home
(Group
of
Inmates)
198
Pickaway County Court House
234
Pickaway County in Cereals (Map) 176
Pickaway County Infirmary
198
Pickaway County Jail and Sheriff's Residence 234
PORTRAITS.
Alkire, Abraham Reid 551
Alkire, Benjamin Franklin
699
Alkire, Harry Fremont
698
Alkire, Mrs. Melissa A.
698
Alkire, William Harvey .
550
Bell, Alexander C.
502
Bell, William T
790
Bolender, John
800
Bolin, Hon. Andrew Robinson
534
Bolin, Stuart Robinson
730
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INDEX
PAGE
Borror, James M 740
Borror, Mrs. Mary H 740
Chappelear, Charles C. 380
Courtright, John 558
Courtright, Hon. Samuel W. 448
Cromley, Hon. Thaddeus E.
370
Decker, Vause Fox 352
Dreisbach, Reuben H. 412
Dum, Levi F
688
Dungan, George 438
Fisher, Wilson
568
Glick, Mr. and Mrs. Caleb.
870
Hanawalt, Christopher C.
620
Hewitt, Miss Josie R.
272
Hill, Mr. and Mrs. William C. 810
Hitler, Nelson
482
Hitler, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Ludwig. 780
Johnson, James M 770
Johnson, Mrs. Sarah B. 770
Kneisley, Mr. and Mrs. Elam Fletcher. 610
Peters, Mr. and Mrs. Robert W 678
Pontius, Hon. George H. 638
Prindle, David M. 750
Renick, Job R. 508
Schleich, Mr. and Mrs. Henry W 648
Shaeffer, Andrew H., M. D. 710
Smith, Joseph P.
418
Tanner, Courtney, Sr.
386
Teegardin, George Philip 472
Tootle, Edward Tiffin
658
Turney, Hon. Nelson J
598
PAGE
Van Cleaf, Hon. Aaron R. 406
Ward, Mr. and Mrs. James 524
Whitesel, Archibald 458
Whitesel, Mrs. Ozilla B.
459
Winstead, Hon. Jacob P., B. S., LL. B. 360
Wittich, G. F. 466
Pythian Castle, Circleville
318
RESIDENCES.
Alkire, Harry F. 148
Borror, James M 30
Cromley, Charles E. 373
Gerhardt, George C. 578
Hoffman, Andrew 840
Hoover, Lewis C. 30
Ridgway, S. H. 148
Ruggles, N. T.
30
Teegardin, George P.
30
Salt Creek Valley, Scene in
148
SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
Ashville High 130
Circleville, Everts 234
Circleville, Franklin Street 234
Circleville, High Street 296
Circleville, Walnut Street 296
Commercial Point High 44
Deer Creek Township High 86
New Holland High
104
Sulphur Spring, Williamsport 254
Viaduct, S. V. Traction Line, Circleville.
216
Williamson House, Circleville
104
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HIGH BANKS ON DARBY CREEK . Jackson Township.
JUNCTION OF HARGUS AND HOMINY CREEKS Circleville Township.
LOCK HOUSE ON THE OHIO CANAL Wayne Township.
STATE DAM, SCIOTO RIVER Below Circleville.
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History of Pickaway County
CHAPTER I
COUNTY ORGANIZATION AND FIRST COURTS
Pickaway County came into existence March 1, 1810, the General Assembly of Ohio, in session at Chillicothe, having on the 12th day of January, 1810, passed an act establish- ing the county, the full text of which is as fol- lows :
An act for crecting a part of the counties of Ross, Franklin and Fairfield, into a separate county, by the name of Pickaway.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted, etc., That all that part of the counties of Ross, Franklin and Fairfield, within the following boundaries, be, and the same is hereby erected into a separate county, to be known by the name of Pickaway: Beginning on the east side of the Scioto river, at the intersection of a line between township two and three, of range twenty-two, Worthington's survey; thence east with the township lines, to the southeast corner of township number eleven, and range twenty; thence north with the range line, to the northeast cor- ner of section number one, of township eleven, in range twenty; thence west with the township line, to the northwest corner of said township; thence with the range line, to the northeast corner of section number thirteen, in township ten, of range twenty-one, Mat- thew's survey; thence west to the Scioto river, thence west from the Scioto river, twelve miles; thence south twenty miles; thence east to the Scioto river; thence down said river to the place of beginning.
Sec. 2. That from, and after the first day of March next, said county shall be vested with all the privileges
and immunities of a separate and distinct county : Provided, that the sheriffs, coroners, constables and col- lectors, for the counties aforesaid, may perform all the duties required by law, in their respective counties, within the county of Pickaway before the said division, and suits at law which are, or may be, pending at the time of said division, shall be adjusted in the same man- ner as if a division had not taken place.
Sec. 3. That on the first Monday of April next, the legal voters residing within the said county of Pick- away, shall assemble in their respective townships, and elect their several county officers, who shall hold their offices until the next annual election.
Sec. 4. That the courts for said county shall be held at the house of Henry Nevill, until a permanent seat of justice is fixed as the law directs. This act shall be in force, from and after the first day of March, next.
EDWARD TIFFIN, Speaker of the House of Representatives. DUNCAN MCARTHUR,
Speaker of the Senate.
January 12, 1810.
The first settlements in the territory com- prising the county were in 1796 or 1797, the first cabins being built in the Pickaway Plains on the "trace," leading from the crossing of the Hockhocking (now Lancaster) by the plains to Chillicothe; there was one cabin three or four miles below the plains and another at
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HISTORY OF PICKAWAY COUNTY
their eastern edge. Soon thereafter a settle- ment was started at Westfall, on the site of an old Indian town, the land there having been secured by Abel Westfall, and being on the "trace," he laid out a town, giving it his own name. The territory was then within the limits of Hamilton County, and the plat is of record in the county recorder's office in Cin- cinnati. The plat of the town embraced a large body of land, the projector having Cx- pectations that it would become a place of im- portance, but all that now remains of the town is an old warchouse built after the construction of the Ohio Canal, which passed through the town. A few scattering cabins were erected six or eight miles apart on the "trace" leading from Chillicothe by way of Westfall, to Frank- linton, as early as 1798. The land on the west side of the river was at first in greater demand than the plains and other land on the east side and settlements by Jonathan Renick, on Darby Creek, and Abraham Shanton on Deer Creek were commenced as early as 1800, two or three years before the land in the Pickaway Plains was entered. Soon after the first sales of Congress land at Chillicothe, and the opening of the Land Office there in 1801, settlers came in very rapidly, and in 1810, soon after the formation of the county, the census showed the population to be 7,124.
In the formation of the county, one town- ship, Salt Creek. six miles square, was taken from Fairfield County; the remainder of the territory was set off from Franklin and Ross counties.
The name Pickaway (or Piqua) adopted for the county and so written in the enabling act was of Indian origin, said to have been the name of a numerous family of the Shawnce tribe who occupied the plains, known as the Pickaway Plains, when the first white people came there.
The house of Henry Nevill, named in the act as the place of holding the courts in the new county, until the permanent location of the county seat. was in the village of Jefferson. about two miles south of Circleville, a consid- erable trading point at the time and Mr. Nevill was one of the principal citizens, keeping a
hotel and also being engaged in the mercantile business. The site of the town is now parts of the Evan Phillips, Nelson llitler and Reigel ( formerly Rush ) farms, in Pickaway township. The town was long since numbered with the lost towns of the world, the only house re- maining being on the Reigel farm, the Kin- more house, further north, having been torn down 15 or 20 years ago.
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At the first election in the county, directed by the enabling act to be held on the first Mon- day of April, 1810, James Renick was elected sheriff ; David Kinnear, Peter Apple and Jona- than Holmes, commissioners, and John Mc- Neal, coroner, to hold the offices until their successors were elected at the ensuing October election. The abstract of votes at this election is not with other old election papers in the Court House and, therefore, no record exists of the number of votes polled.
The first meeting of the commissioners was held at Jefferson on the 21st day of April, 1810, when the bonds of James Renick, as sheriff and John McNeal, as coroner, elected at the special election, were approved and they entered upon the discharge of the duties of the offices. On the 26th of the same month, the commissioners selected David Kinnear, one of their number, as clerk of the board, appointed Henry Nevill as county treasurer, and ap- proved his bond, and appointed Samuel Ly- brand as county lister (assessor). On June 6th: the board ordered that the township of Harrison be established from parts of Madison and Walnut townships, and that the first elec- tion be held June 23rd, at the house of Hugh Creighton; and at the same meeting fixed the . boundaries of Madison township and ordered an election to be held at the house of Luke Decker, June 23rd. At a meeting held June 8th. the board entered into contract with Henry Nevill. for the use of a house at Jefferson as a Court House at a yearly rental of $60 and for a room to be used as a jail, the rent to be $25 a year, and at the same session made an order approving of the report of George Pontious. Christian Brotherlin and Andrew Ensworth, appointed by the commissioners of Ross Coun- ty, December 8, 1809, to "view the ground
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and lay out a road beginning at the county line between Ross and Fairfield, where the road which is now in use and opened, leading from Lancaster to Pickaway Plains, crosses the same; thence continuing along the said opened road by the house of Philip Straus, Peter Ap- ple, the new Dutch meeting-house, Christopher Ernest, Peter Row, James Seals and John Reed and from thence the nearest and best way to the town of Livingston, to intersect any street in said town, at the north boundary thereof, which leads to the center of said town." The survey of the road was made by James Denny. The road was ordered established, Daniel Lud- wig appealing from the order of the commis- sioners, and was the first road established in the county, after its creation.
The county seat having been located on the site selected for Circleville, the commissioners, on the 7th of March, 1811, made an agree- ment with Jacob Zeiger, Jr., for the lease of the upper story of the house, where he then dwelt, "for the sole use and purpose of a Court House for the county aforesaid," from the first day of April next ensuing for one year or more, the rent one dollar.
FIRST COURTS OF THE COUNTY.
The first court in Pickaway County was a special session held at the town of Jefferson, on Friday, the 6th day of April, A. D. 1810, for the purpose of appointing a clerk pro tempore and a recorder and to fix a suitable number of justices of the peace for the different townships of the county. Present: William Seymour, Thomas Barr and Jacob Shoemaker, esquires, associate judges of the Court of Com -. mon Pleas. Whereupon, James Denny was appointed the clerk and William H. Puthuff, recorder; and justices of the peace were ap- portioned as follows: Pickaway township, three; Salt Creek, two; Washington, three; Walnut, three; Madison, three; Scioto, one; Darby, two; Deer Creek, two; and Wayne, two. On April 7th, William H. Puthuff was sworn in as recorder, his bond having been approved. John Bennett, charged with mur- dering Reuben Cherry, was arraigned, pleaded
not guilty and was admitted to bail in the sum of $200. This was the first criminal case in the county. At a session of the court, June 23rd, James Jorden, charged with sodomy, was arraigned and was discharged, there not being any such crime specified in the criminal statutes of the State.
The first regular term of the Court of Com- mon Pleas was commenced July 23, 1810. at the house of Henry Nevill, in the town of Jefferson, the temporary county seat. John Thompson, common pleas judge for the circuit, presided, and the three associate judges were also on the bench. The sheriff, James Renick, returned the panel of the first grand jury se- lected in the county, viz. : Edward Williams, West Miller, Charles Cade, George Ater, Isaac Williams, John Timmons, William Mar- quis, James Martin, David Shelby, John Bur- get, Thomas Renick, Ezekiel Morris, Will- iam Miller, Hugh Creighton, William Renick and John Robinson. When the names were called, William Miller and John Robinson did not answer, and Benjamin Hepner and Elisha Litler were called from the bystanders to fill the jury. David Shelby was appointed foreman. Richard Douglas was appointed prosecuting attorney ; Mr. Douglas was after- wards a leading lawyer of Chillicothe. On July 24th, the court granted a license to keep a tavern in Tarlton, the first granted in the county. July 25th, James Denny was ap- pointed clerk of the court for the constitutional term of seven years and gave bond in the sum of $3,000. Daniel Dreisbach was appointed director, agreeable to the statute, establishing seats of justice, and ordered to give bond in the sum of $10,000, which was given. Tavern licenses were granted to Charles Bodkin and John Burget. July 26th, Henry Nevill, Sam- uel "Lippencott and Joseph Hedges were granted store licenses. The first criminal case in the county was tried, the accused, John Ben- nett, being indicted for murder. The petit jury returned a verdict of "not guilty of murder, with malice aforethought, but guilty of man- slaughter," and defendant was sentenced to pay $200 fine, to be confined in the jail of the county eight days and pay the costs of prosecu-
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HISTORY OF PICKAWAY COUNTY
tion. July 27th, tavern licenses were granted to Samuel E. Barr at Jefferson, Hugh Creigh- ton at Bloomfield and Samuel Slycer. July 28th, Richard Douglas was allowed $40 for services as prosecutor from April Ist to July 23rd and to receive $40 quarterly thereafter. The sheriff was allowed $60 as the clerk. $12 quarterly for fees in criminal cases not col- lectable.
The first court held in Circleville. in the Zeiger house, was a special session, April 26, 1811, and the courts were held in that house until the first Court House, erected in Circle- ville, was ready for occupancy, the exact date of which does not appear on record. The Zeiger house was a two-story log structure at the corner of Scioto and Pinkney streets, the court room and offices being in the second story. Jacob Zeiger, Jr., in 1821, sold the house and the two lots to his brother, Philip Zeiger, who in 1838 sold the property to Francis Williamson, a Scotchman, who was the owner until his death, when it was sold by his heirs, June 25, 1873, to George W. Sapp,
who on the 8th of March, 1884. transferred the property to Julius Weill and he sold it, April 8, 1904, to William Roth, who pulled down the old pioneer house, and for a few years the "temple of justice." and erected a modern residence in its stead. Jacob Zeiger, Jr., and his wife Susannah, when the courts were being held in their house, had their liv- ing apartments in the lower rooms. After the death of Mr. Zeiger, his widow married Jacob Shoemaker, one of the associate judges when the courts were held in the Zeiger house. He died in 1843 and his widow survived him for 36 years, dying at her house near Circle- ville in Washington township, February 4, 1879, aged 94 years. She had in her posses- sion several chairs which were used in the courtroom in the Zeiger house.
The Common Pleas Court of the county until 1851. when the Probate Court was created by the present constitution of the State, had jurisdiction in the settlement of estates, issuing marriage licenses and such other busi- ness as now pertains to the Probate Court.
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CHAPTER II
THE CONGRESS LANDS AND VIRGINIA MILITARY LANDS
All of the territory in Pickaway County east of the Scioto River is within the Congress lands; that west of the river is part of the Vir- ginia Military District.
THE CONGRESS LANDS.
As provided by an ordinance passed in 1785 after the several States claiming owner- ship had ceded the same to the United States and the title had been perfected by treaty with the Indians, were placed on the market, after being surveyed into townships six miles square or as near that size as was practicable and di- vided into sections each a mile square, four sec- tions in each township being reserved for sale in the future by the United States and one section set apart for the use of schools.
THE VIRGINIA MILITARY LANDS.
The General Assembly of Virginia, at its session, beginning October 20, 1783, passed an act to authorize its delegates in Congress to convey to the United States, in congress as- sembled, all the right of that commonwealth to the territory northwest of the Ohio River. Congress stipulated, in accepting the cession, that this territory should be formed into States. containing a suitable extent of territory, and that the States so formed should be distinctly republican, and admitted members of the Fed- eral Union, having the same rights of sover- eignty and freedom as the other States. On the 17th of March, 1784, Thomas Jefferson,
Arthur Lee, James Monroe and Samuel Hardy, the Virginia delegates to Congress, conveyed to the United States "all right, title, and claim, as well as of jurisdiction, which the said com- monwealth hath to the territory, or tract of country, within the limits of the Virginia char- ter, situate, lying and being northwest of the river Ohio."
This act of cession contained, however, the following reservataion: "That in case the quantity of good land on the southeast side of the Ohio, upon the waters of Cumberland River, and between the Great Kanawha and Tennessee rivers, which have been reserved by law for the Virginia troops, upon continental establishment, should, from the North Caro- lina line, bearing in further upon the Cumber- land. lands than was expected, prove unsuffi- cient for these legal bounties, the deficiency should be made up to the said troops in good lands, to be laid off between the rivers Sciot.) and Little Miami, on the northwest side of the river Ohio, in such proportions to them as have been engaged to them by the laws of Virginia." The land embraced in this reservation consti- tutes the Virginia Military District in Ohio, and is composed of the counties of Adams. Brown, Clinton, Clermont, Highland, Fayette, Madison and Union, and portions of Scioto, Pike, Ross, Pickaway, Franklin, Delaware. Marion, Hardin, Logan, Clark, Greene, Cham- paign, Warren and Hamilton.
Congress passed an act authorizing the es- tablishment of this reservation and location as defined upon the report of the executive of
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HISTORY OF PICKAWAY COUNTY
Virginia that the deficiency of good lands upon the waters of the Cumberland existed.
The Virginia soldiers of the continental line, who served in the Revolutionary War, were compensated in bounty awards of these lands according to the rank, line of service, etc. The first step necessary, after securing the proper certificate of actual service, was that of procuring a printed warrant from the land officer, specifying the quantity of lands and the rights upon which it was due. This military warrant was issued from the land office, in the State of Virginia, which empow- ered the person to whom it was granted, his heirs or assigns, to select the number of acres specified in the lands reserved for that pur- pose, and to have the same appropriated. After the location was made, and the boundaries as- certained by surveying, the owner of the war- rant returned it to the State authorities, and re- ceived in its place a patent, or grant, from the government. This grant was equivalent to a deed in fee simple, and passed all of the title of the government to the grantee.
On the same day on which the act was passed Richard C. Anderson, a colonel in the army, was appointed surveyor for the conti- nental line of the army, by the officers named in the act and authorized to make such ap- pointments as they saw fit. He opened his office at Soldiers' Retreat, near Louisville, for entries in the Kentucky lands on the 20th of July, 1784. When the Kentucky grant was exhausted, August 1, 1787, he prepared for entries in the Ohio tract. He held his position up to the time of his death, October 16, 1826, and during the long period faithfully dis- charged the onerous duties devolving upon him. His son-in-law, Allen Latham, Esq., was appointed surveyor sometime after Colonel Anderson's death (probably in 1827), and opened his office at Chillicothe, in July, 1829. He remained in office until June 23, 1834, when William Marshall Anderson, son of Col. Richard C. Anderson, then of Chillicothe, afterwards residing at Circleville, was ap- pointed and held the office until June 14, 1847. His successor was E. P. Kendrick, of Chilli- cothe, who held the office until the books and
papers were transferred to the land department of the office of the Auditor of State. During the latter years that the office was held by Mr. Kendrick, his son, Samuel Kendrick, who had been auditor of Ross County, attended to the duties of the office.
The work of surveying the Virginia mili- tary lands was commenced as early as the spring of 1787. Maj. John O'Bannon and Ar- thur Fox, with their companies, came across the Ohio and made examinations of the lands lying along its northern bank, along the Scioto and the Miami, and some of their tributaries, with a view to making entries as soon as Col. Richard C. Anderson's office should be open for that purpose. On the first of August the office was opened at Soldiers' Retreat, near Louisville, and soon after entries were made of the lands in the Ohio bottom, also consider- able in the Scioto and Little Miami bottoms.
Owing to ignorance in regard to the extent of jurisdiction that the United States had over the lands of the Virginia military grant, much difficulty arose. It was one of the conditions imposed by Congress, that the lands lying in the grant, in Ohio, should not be entered until the amount of the deficiency in the Kentucky grant should be known. In July, 1788, a con- gressional act was passed, by which all loca- tions and surveys, previously made between the Scioto and Little Miami rivers, should be held invalid. The passage of this act, together with the wholesome dread of Indian hostilities, caused a cessation in the making of surveys in the district until 1788. All difficulty, of a legal nature, being thus removed, the survey of the lands in the Virginia Military District was again resumed.
But little is known of the surveying expedi- tions that were made previous to 1790. Na- thaniel Massie, who afterwards did so much in the way of exploring and surveying the Vir- ginia Military District, made his first venture in 1788, probably in company with Fox and O'Bannon. All of the work, at that time, had to be done by stealth, and the surveyors un- doubtedly had some thrilling exploits, but their history is lost, beyond all hope of re- covery.
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Any soldier who held a warrant, or the heir or assign of any soldier who held a war- rant, was at liberty to locate his lands wherever he pleased within the Virginia Military Dis- trict, and in consequence of the irregularities with which many locations were made, and the encroachment of some locations upon others, far more litigation has arisen, relative to lines and titles in this district, than in those
which were regularly surveyed and laid off in sections.
The Virginia military tract was never sur- veyed into townships until it was done in the different counties, by order of the county com- missioners, when it became desirable to organ- ize the townships for civil purposes. Hence their irregular shape and size.
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CHAPTER III
THE CITY AND TOWNSHIP OF CIRCLEVILLE
THE CITY OF CIRCLEVILLE
Circleville derives its name from the fact that the original town was laid out within a cir- cular enclosure, formed by a high embankment, that was found here when the first settlement was made. Joining the circle on the east was a square, formed also by an embankment.
These ancient works, formerly existing upon the site of the present city of Circleville and which continued in evidence for many years after the town became an accomplished fact, have been attributed by archaeologists, with scarcely a dissenting voice, to a race of men that preceded the present race of Indians. For want of a better name, this prehistoric race, so shrouded in mystery, has been styled the Mound Builders, by reason of the remarkable works in the form of mounds (or tumuli) and embankments, that alone remain to tell the story of a vanished and, we may say, a van- quished race. By many authorities a similar- ity has been found in these works to the great mounds in Mexico erected by the Aztecs, known as Teocalli, and the deduction has been made that the Mound Builders, forced to re- linquish their possessions in the Ohio Valley, gradually retreated to the southwestward until they reached Mexico, where they implanted their civilization. This theory is supported by the Aztec legends, as well as by evidence in the form of mounds and embankments that exist in the Southern States. Indeed, it has been stated that the Mound Builders' remains in the South are even more extensive than those
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