USA > Ohio > Montgomery County > Dayton > History of the city of Dayton and Montgomery County, Ohio, Volume I > Part 29
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After attending one course of lectures, in accordance with a common custom, he began practice in Middletown, Ohio. During that summer cholera prevailed extensively through the valley and gave him considerable clinical experience. After graduation he returned to the same town and remained there until his removal to Dayton in 1858.
While in college he was almost converted to homeopathy, but did not openly espouse the doctrines of Hahnemann until 1854, of which until his death in 1894 he continued one of the most prominent advocates in this region.
Two sons read medicine-Doctor Frank Webster, who is still practicing in the city, and Doctor William H. Webster (1869-1908), who recently died from organic disease of the heart.
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F. W. THOMAS (1846-1890).
Doctor Thomas was born December, 1846, in Watertown, N. Y. His pre- liminary schooling was ended in the Philadelphia High school. In 1868 he grad- uated from the Philadelphia School of Pharmacy, but, deciding to abandon the drug business, entered the Homeopathic College of Medicine in Philadelphia and was graduated M. D. in 1871.
One year was spent as interne in the Albany City hospital, from which he came to Dayton. The death of Doctor Thomas, which came suddenly in 1890 in the vigor of manhood, resulted from burns due to an explosion of gasoline in a house in which he was making a professional call.
THE DAYTON HOMEOPATHIC SOCIETY
was organized in the fall of 1894. It aims to cultivate good fellowship with science and meets in succession at the homes of the members. It has twenty- six members.
The following have served as president in the order named: Doctors J. E. Welliver, Frank Webster, H. E. Palmer, George W. Miller, F. D. Bittinger, T. A. McCann, Ira J. Herr, A. S. B. Nellis, W. W. Ensey, J. M. Wine, H. W. Dickin- son, W. H. Webster, W. J. Blackburn, F. W. Murphy, H. H. Herman, H. S. Wetzel, H. F. Littell, Frank Webster, W. W. Ensey, E. B. Doan.
The officers and members for 1909 are :
President, Dr. H. J. Guy ; Vice-President, Dr. Howard H. Webster ; Secretary, Dr. R. K. Welliver ; Treasurer, Dr. Rome M. Webster ; Censors: Dr. Frank Web- ster, Dr. T. L. Laughlin, Dr. H. H. Herman.
Members : Drs. W. J. Blackburn, H. W. Dickinson, E. B. Doan, W. W. Ensey, Curtis Ginn, Ira J. Herr, H. F. Littell, T. A. McCann, George W. Miller, J. D. Miller, Frank Murphy, A. S. B. Nellis, H. E. Palmer, Chas. E. Shawen, Clark Sullivan, J. E. Welliver. H. S. Wetzel, J. M. Wine, J. D. Wonder.
THE DAYTON ECLECTIC MEDICAL SOCIETY
was organized in 1906 by the followers of the Eclectic school of medicine. It has twelve members enrolled from the city and a few from neighboring towns. The officers for the year 1909 arc:
President, Dr. James Hays; vice-president, Dr. J. F. Wuist; secretary and treasurer, Dr. C. J. Otto.
Thus ends this imperfect history of medicine in Dayton from 1799 to 1909. The hamlet of a half-dozen families and one physician has grown to a city of one hundred and twenty-five thousand people with three hundred and thirty-five physicians. It would be an interesting psychological study to trace the evolu- tion of the modern doctor with his complicated armamentarium from the keen, self-reliant, and resourceful pioneer doctor of early Dayton. But the task as- signed us has been a liumbler one ; simply to gather together the medical flotsam and jetsam which have drifted down the stream of time, and thus to perpetuate the memories of some whose names and deeds are already dimly seen in the deepening twilight of the swiftly passing years.
SECTION II.
DENTAL HISTORY.
BY E. B. TIZZARD, D. D. S.
Dentistry, in Montgomery county, in its early stages was rather vague in meaning, and left few traces for the historian. It is not too late, however, to make some amends for this early neglect.
The earliest dental operations that we are able to learn of were performed by barbers in about 1810. These men extracted teeth only, as that was the limit of their knowledge. The right to do this was handed down from the old English and Dutch practice. This was followed by more extensive practice of dentistry by the early physicians who took a more advanced stand, and besides extracting teeth attempted in some cases, to relieve the ordinary toothache.
But the first authentic record we have of a dentist is that of Dr. A. Knisley, who commenced the regular practice of dentistry in the old Ohio block in 1831. He was followed by Dr. G. A. Frydinger, in 1833. These two men laid the foundation for the men that were to follow. Dr. H. Williams followed in 1838 with Dr. John Jones and Dr. Bashaw in about 1840.
The next dentist was Dr. William A. Pease in 1847, and of him we can only speak with the deepest respect, for he was the first man in this county to attempt an organization, not for profit, but for the education and uplifting of the profes- sion. One of his first papers "Thoughts for Dentists," shows the generous way in which he advances his ideas and allows the younger men the advantage of his master-mind and brilliant professional training.
In 1849, Dr. C. Bradley camc, and he like Dr. Pease, was a skilled operator and a tireless worker for the good of the profession. But the next year, 1850, brought Dr. Edward Conway, Dr. A. S. Tolbert and Dr. T. R. Willard to help in field. The first Dayton directory published in 1850, names as dentists S. G. Tal- bert, G. T. Payne and Francis Brown, in addition to those before referred to.
About 1855, the dentists of this locality were discussing the advisability of forming a dental society and Dr. William A. Pease in this year called several to his office and attempted to organize, but nothing definite was done, except to sow the seed. Owing to some petty strained relationship in Dayton, the Mad River Dental Society did not originate here, but in Xenia, with its first formal meeting in Springfield, November 17, 1859, with no Dayton dentists included. But in April, 1860, at Urbana, Drs. Bradley and Pease of Dayton were admitted and from then on this locality became prominent, and later, the meeting place of the society.
The first regular meeting of the dental society held in Dayton was on July 3d, 1860, when the Mad River Dental Society met at the office of Dr. William A. Pease with the following members in attendance: Drs. A. A. Blount, J. Ram- sey and M. M. Oldham of Springfield; Drs. George Watt and P. L. Paine of Xenia ; Drs. J. G. Palmer, B. A. Rose and E. M. Lee of Urbana ; S. Clippinger
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of Bellefontaine ; George F. Foote of Cincinnati ; Drs. C. Bradley, J. E. Jones and William A. Pease of Dayton.
From this nucleus the society grew and prospered and some very carefully prepared papers, which are today preserved in the "Ohio State Journal of Den- tal Science" and the "Dental Register," testify as to the class of men and the efforts they made to become proficient in their profession.
The next dentist was Dr. B. A. Satterthwait, who came to stay in 1859, hav- ing graduated in 1846 from Ohio College of Dental Surgery, and his name will live in this state as long as records and memories will keep it, as being one of the greatest porcelain workers that that period produced. He did work with the old fashioned cook and charcoal fires and spent days upon a denture, until he pro- duced a work of art, that makes even the dentist of today with his modern oven gaze in admiration. He is still with us, though not practicing.
The Mad River Dental Society was still flourishing up to the time of the Civil war, which made heavy inroads on the membership. Many of the active members were called away, and they answered the call, some never to return. Dr. Palmer fell, leading a charge at Gettysburg. Dr. Jones was killed at the burning of the old Pike's Opera house. The little society with its missionary spirit, took in many somewhat objectionable members of the profession, and hoped to elevate them, but soon found it impracticable with its reduced mem- bership, to manage them. So rather than lower its ethical standing, the few loyal men met and dissolved it by a sine die adjournment.
But very shortly, a society under the same name and constitution minus the objectionable members, was re-organized by the few loyal members, but it was impossible to make it a success for reasons which only those few knew and would never tell. So again it passed out of existence.
When the war was over many new men entered the field, such as Dr. L. B. Hubbard and Dr. C. H. Lehman in 1865 ; Dr. Compton and Dr. E. F Sample in 1866; Dr. S. B. Tizzard in 1869.
Things drifted in a very quiet way, each one working along his own line and with a certain reserve that did not tend to establish a general good fellowship. Some left the city and others had died until in 1870, we find just fourteen actively engaged in the practice of dentistry : Drs. Conway, Dunn, Dill, Bradley, Holmes, Sample, S. B. Tizzard, L. B. Hubbard, Satterthwait, C. H. Lehman, Sheets, Compton, Cody and Brewster.
For the next ten years, there were very few changes. Dr. Brewster left on account of ill-health, and the following persons opened offices in the city: A. T. Whiteside, 1875, H. A. Hubbard, 1878, Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery ; L. C. Adams, 1879, W. E. Tizzard, 1879, Pennsylvania College of Dental Sur- gery ; J. L. Zell in 1880; Charles Elson and R. W. Morris.
The need of cooperation was so keenly felt that an attempt was made to re- organize the old Mad River Dental Society, which was successful and on Octo- ber 24, 1882, a meeting was held at the Phillips' hotel, which included men from Cincinnati, Xenia, Middletown, Oxford, Hamilton, Springfield and Toledo. Day- ton was represented by Drs. Bradley and Satterthwaite, L. B. Hubbard, S. B Tizzard, Charles Elson, R. W. Morris, H. A. Hubbard, W. E. Tizzard, Pease,
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Grovenor, Sample, Whiteside, Adams and Zell with Dr. Pease as one of the essayists of the occasion.
This society held meetings for several years until it finally died out in 1886, with Dr. C. Bradley as president, and L. C. Adams as secretary. In 1883, the profession lost Dr. S. B. Tizzard who moved to Los Angeles. He was one of the most skilled gold operators of his time.
Dr. L. E. Custer a graduate from the Ohio College of Dental Surgery, began practice in 1887. He became later prominent in state and national dental pro- ceedings, besides being a skilled operator. He is to be given credit for his in- ventive genius, which was shown in his electric furnace and casting device. He is also special lecturer on electricity in the Ohio College of Dental Surgery.
Dr. D. T. Porter followed shortly after and Dr. P. L. Bollinger in 1889. In 1890, Dr. J. A. Sinnett and Dr. P. S. Shoff located here.
In 1892, Dr. C. A. Billow graduated from the Ohio College of Dental Surgery and later became a member of the faculty of Ohio Medical University.
Dr. M. J. Thomas came in 1895, but left Dayton for Miamisburg in 1907. In 1897, Dr. H. A. Penfield and Dr. N. B. Custer came, being closely followed by Dr. J. B. Stewart, who was the first dentist in Dayton to give up the general practice of dentistry, and to begin specializing. This he did in 1907, when he began to practice orthodontia. In 1899, Dr. W. L. Wright came.
From this time on, the dentists came rapidly and in 1900, we find Drs. H. T. Spitler, M. C. Saul, G. L. Blanchard, E. J. Cassell, all of the O. C. D. S. and Drs. J. W. Early and J. C. Early of the Ohio Medical University, practicing here.
In 1901, Dr. F. E. Dano, Dr. R. E. Flory, Dr. A. T. Lambert and Dr. H. S. Lambert opened offices, followed by Dr. L. C. Weimer in 1902.
For a time the number of new dentists was not changed, but in 1903, Drs. G. W. Riche and E. E. Royer, entered the field.
The last men to enter Dayton before the origin of the Miami Valley Dental Society, were Drs. E. B. Tizzard, J. E. Potts and H. C. Huffman, all from Ohio College of Dental Surgery in 1905.
There were a few dentists who came and went from 1880 to the present time, but the men who have been mentioned so 'briefly are all prominent in the pro- fession.
It was not until in 1906 that any organization was again planned. In the offices of Doctors W. E. and E. B. Tizzard, a council was held which led to an informal meeting at the Phillips House on March 12, 1906, at which most of the dentists were present. On April 2, the Constitution and By-laws were adopted and the Miami Valley Dental Society was formed, with Doctors P. S. Bollinger, President; E. B. Tizzard, Vice-President; W. L. Wright, Secretary ; L. C. Adams, Treasurer, and M. C. Saul, Corresponding Secretary.
The following dentists became charter members: L. C. Adams, Blanchard, Billow, Bollinger, Cassell, N. B. Custer, L. E. Custer, Dano, J. C. Early, J. W. Early, Flory, Clew, Hubbard, Hawkins, C. H. Lehman, H. L. Lambert, A. L. Lambert, McAnally, Porter, Potts, Penfield, Rohrer, Sehoff, Saul, Stewart, Spitler, W. E. Tizzard, E. B. Tizzard, W. J. Thomas, W. L. Wright, Zell and Weimer.
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This society was a success from the start and the next election on Oct. I, 1906, resulted in the election of the following officers : H. A. Hubbard, President ; T. I. Blanchard, Vice-President; R. H. McAnally, Recording Secretary ; E. B. Tizzard, Corresponding Secretary, and M. C. Saul, Treasurer.
On February 4, 1907, Doctors H. L. Lambert of West Milton, C. M. Evans of New Carlisle, Z. W. Wright of Tippecanoe City and later of Dayton, and J. R. Garst of Dayton were admitted to the society, Dr. Garst having just come to Dayton. He remained only about two years and then moved to India.
April 1, 1907, the annual election was again held with the following result: Doctors P. L. Bollinger, President ; H. A. Penfield, Vice-President ; F. E. Dano, Secretary ; M. C. Saul, Treasurer, and E. B. Tizzard, Corresponding Secretary.
During this year the first death in a dental office in Dayton occurred, in the office of Doctor A. J. Lewis, but through no fault of the dentist. The society fully investigated and completely exonerated Doctor Lewis from any responsi- bility in the matter. It was this act of the society that called the attention of dentists and the general public to the value of the Association.
The next public movement, as a result of a paper by Doctor E. B. Tizzard before the society, was an attempt on the part of dentists to educate the public school children and people in general, in the care of the mouth and teeth, and to promote this matter a committee, consisting of Doctors E. B. Tizzard, Pen- field, Stewart, Custer, Billow and Bollinger was appointed for the work, and they devoted much time and thought to it. They were unable to accomplish much, owing to peculiar conditions in the schools, until the close of school in June, 1909, when an excellent pamphlet was issued to every school child in Dayton on Oral Hygiene. Dayton was one of the first cities in the state to start this movement.
Doctor A. J. Lewis was admitted to the society in 1907. Doctors T. M. Riche, E. E. Royer, J. S. McCampbell of Xenia, and E. E. Fuller of Piqua, were admitted in March, 1908. Doctor M. H. Siegfried, of Franklin, was also ad- mitted in 1908.
The election held April 3, 1908, resulted in the election of H. A. Penfield, President ; E. S. Fuller, Vice-President; F. E. Dano, Recording Secretary ; M. C. Saul, Treasurer, and E. B. Tizzard, Corresponding Secretary.
During this year the profession lost Doctor M. C. Saul, one of its founders who left to practice in Germany, Doctor R. H. McAnally who moved to Denver, Doctor G. S. Blanchard, who went into the lumber business in Chicago and Doctor J. W. Rohrer, who became physical director at Denison University.
Doctors P. Gable, E. Lake and H. S. Oliver were admitted in 1909.
The profession during 1909, made its first step toward establishing a Dental Library and many books and magazines were collected with this end in view.
The present officers are: G. A. Billow, President; J. L. McCampbell, Vice- President; J. E. Potts, Secretary ; J. B. Stewart, Treasurer, and E. B. Tizzard, Corresponding Secretary.
The local society is now considering the advisability of re-organizing as a component part of the State Dental Society in order to assist in effecting a more complete state organization.
Ohio was the first state to enact a law for the regulation of the practice of dentistry and Montgomery county was especially active in urging this matter.
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In future years, the dental profession of Dayton will see that they were especially fortunate in having been preceded by such men as composed the pro- fession in the past. They were skilled in dentistry in advance of their time, and able and ethical practitioners.
CHAPTER IX.
THE CHURCHES.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES-METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHES-PROTESTANT EPIS- COPAL CHURCHES-BAPTIST CHURCHES-LUTHERAN CHURCHES-REFORMED CHURCHES-UNITED BRETHREN CHURCHES-UNITED PRESBYTERIAN- CHURCHES -DISCIPLES CHURCHES-CHRISTIAN CHURCHES-EVANGELICAL CHURCHES- DUNKER CHURCHES-FRIENDS CHURCHES-CHRISTIAN SCIENCE CHURCHES- CHRISTIAN AND MISSIONARY ALLIANCE-SALVATION ARMY-MISCELLANEOUS- CATHOLIC CHURCHES-JEWISH CONGREGATIONS.
Dayton has ever been a city of churches and church-goers. The cabins and the over-arching forest trees were the first temples. The larger number of the people in the village were adherents of the Presbyterian church. The Methodists had an advantage in that William Hamer, located three miles up Mad river, was a Methodist local preacher in whose house religious meetings were held and a class formed.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES.
THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, perhaps more than any other church in Dayton, has woven itself into the history of the city. Its history is largely the history of the city. It was formed as early as 1799, probably under the influence of Rev. William Robinson, who located about 1798 three miles up Mad river, where for a number of years he operated a gristmill. After 1800 he preached somewhat regularly for the Beulah congregation at Beavertown. The Washing- ton Presbytery of Kentucky sent as an occasional preacher to the little congrega- tions about Dayton, Rev. James Kemper, the pioneer Presbyterian preacher north of the Ohio. Rev. John Thompson, father of the well-known missionary to Syria, preached for the Dayton congregation a number of times in 1800 and occasionally thereafter. In 1799 Mr. D. C. Cooper, as deputy agent for the purchasers of the seventh and eighth ranges, is said to have given to the congregation lots one. hundred and thirty-three and one hundred and thirty-four at the northeast corner of Main and Third streets, as a site for a meeting-house and burying ground. Such a donation, if not made at that time, was made later. On the north part of this ground and some distance in from Main street there was erected in 1799 or 1800, the first meeting-house built in Dayton, a log house eighteen by twenty feet, facing to the south, seven logs high, the floor being two feet from the ground, the roof of clapboards held down by weight poles, slabs for seats, a wide slab for
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a pulpit, the unchinked openings between the round logs serving to admit the light. The burying ground was between the meeting-house and Third street.
Rev. James Welsh, M. D., was the first pastor, serving till 1816 or 1817. He was an able preacher. As he received no regular support from the congregation he had recourse to other employments for a livelihood. A sketch of his life will be found in the chapter on Medical History.
In October, 1804, a minute book of the congregation and trustees was opened. The first entry records the election of John Miller, David Reid, John McCabe, John Ewing and Robert Edgar as trustees. The record continues, "for the pur- pose of enabling the trustees to make the meeting-house comfortable it was agreed that a subscription should be raised. In the following June the trustees reported that it was inexpedient to do more to the old meeting-house and that a subscrip- tion should be raised to build a brick meeting-house, and that in case not enough money was raised to build such a house the money raised should be loaned to the county commissioners toward the building of a brick court house and that in consideration of the same the congregation should have the use of the court house for church services. The amount of $403.23 was loaned to the commissioners and by them paid back in the year 1814-15. May 3, 1806, the cabin-church was sold for $22.00. As the court house was not completed till the summer of 1807, the congregation probably held its meetings at Newcom's tavern, Hugh McCullum's house or the block-house, or at different times in each of these. There is no indi- cation as to how long the block-house stood. Among the early elders were James Hanna, Obadiah B. Conover, Charles Spinning, David Osborn, Dr. John Steele, Dr. Job Haines, William King and John H. Williams. In the winter of 1811-12 the congregation was incorporated.
Already in 1803 it was understood that the lots at the northeast corner of Main and Third streets should not be a permanent burying-ground. Mr. Cooper gave lots numbered 261 and 262 lying south of Fifth street to the congregation for a burying-ground, according to the contract made between Cooper and the com- missioners in 1805. Later the position of the entire burying-ground was shiftted eastward. The two lots to the east were given to the Methodists for a burying- ground and the lots given the Presbyterians were to the west of these. A lot was given for the burial of strangers and another lot was at that time understood to be for the use of the Baptists, but for some reason they did not make good their hold on it. In 1812 when the Presbyterians and the Methodists were ready to inclose and improve the burying-ground there were "no leading characters" among the Baptists to help.
In 1813 the lots at the northeast corner of Main and Third streets were sub- divided and sold for the sum of $3,542. A lot west of Wilkinson street was bought as a site for a church building, but later this site was exchanged for that in use down to the present time at the corner of Second and Ludlow streets. Here a two-story brick building 50 by 42 was erected in 1817. The church with bell and furnishings cost $6,514.121/2.
Following the period of Dr. Welsh, the roll of pastors is as follows : April, 1817, Rev. Backus, Wilbur, one year and a half; 1819, Rev. Mat. G. Wallace (supply ) part of one year ; 1819, Rev. Ahab Jenks, two years ; 1821, church vacant one and a half years ; 1823, Rev William Graham, three years; 1826, church va-
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cant two years; 1828, Rev. Franklin Putnam, eight years; 1834, Rev. James C. Barnes, nine years; 1845, Rev. William C. Anderson, D. D., four years ; 1849, Rev. Phineas D. Gurley, D. D., four years ; 1854, Rev. James H. Brookes, D. D., four years ; 1858, Rev. Thomas E. Thomas, D. D., twelve years; 1871, church vacant for a year ; 1872, Rev. John McVey, two years; 1874, vacancy with sup- plies two years ; 1876, Rev. Leigh Richmond Smith, four years ; 1881, Rev. Pren- tiss DeVeuve, nine years ; 1890, Rev. Maurice E. Wilson, D. D., to the present time, 1909. All of these pastors were men of high rank, some of them especially so. Dr. Gurley later as a pastor in Washington, D. C., was the trusted friend of Abraham Lincoln and preached his funeral sermon in the White House. Dr. Brookes after his initial pastorate in Dayton, had through a long pastorate at St. Louis, a national reputation. Dr. De Veuve in his pastorate inspired the con- gregation to great activity and greatly improved the financial condition of the church.
The character and influence of Dr. Thomas E. Thomas made him a large factor in the history of Dayton. He was born December 23, 1812, the son of an English pastor of Welsh lineage. In 1834, Thomas E. Thomas graduated in homespun from Miami University. He taught school for a time. He served at different places as pastor, as president of Hanover College near Madison, Indiana, as professor in the theological seminary at New Albany, Indiana, and after his Dayton pastorate, as professor in Lane Theological Seminary at Cin- cinnati. He was a strong opponent of slavery, his courage and ability making him the scourge of the partizans of slavery and at the same time a shining mark for their envenomed darts. His thorough scholarship, Biblical knowledge and unfaltering courage, his aggressive energy, spontaneous invective and fund of pathos made him a master over the minds of men. He died in Cincinnati Feb- ruary 2, 1875, and his body rests in Dayton's beautiful Woodland cemetery.
Some of the more recent elders of the congregation have been Dr. Clarke Mc- Dermont, Francis Mulford, Isaac Hass, Leonard Moore, John F. Edgar and E. A. Parrott.
In 1839, a new church building was erected and the basement made ready for church purposes, though it was designed and later used especially for Sab- bath school purposes. The upper room was not completed till 1842. The building was fifty by seventy feet and surmounted by a lofty tower. The cost was $14,613.08.
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