USA > Ohio > Montgomery County > Dayton > History of the city of Dayton and Montgomery County, Ohio, Volume I > Part 58
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THE CENTRAL UNION TELEPHONE COMPANY. The operations of this com- pany are confined to Ohio, Indiana and Illinois and are conducted in accordance with the wider operations of the American Telephone Company. The branch of the Central Union Telephone Company, as established in Dayton in 1879, is popularly known as the Bell Company. In August of that year the company began business with ten original subscribers. It reports as now in use 10,350 telephones.
After occupying two different temporary locations, the company, January I, 1901, transferred its business to the building constructed by the company for its use on Ludlow street, between Second and Third streets.
A complete branch exchange for serving the patrons of the company in the eastern part of the city was installed in 1909. Later branch exchanges will be established in West Dayton and in Riverdale or Dayton View. Through its long distance connections 43,000 cities and towns are reached. All parts of Mont- gomery county receive the service of this company. The company has kept pace with the improvement in telephone service in general.
THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
Beginning with 1888, the membership of the board of health for the suc- cessive years has been as follows:
1888-Dr. William Webster, Dr. E. C. Crum, Dr. J. A. Ambrose, George Stoffel, John Sherlock, Dr. W. P. Treon.
1889-Dr. William Webster, Dr. E. C. Crum, W. L. Winschell, Dr. G. C. Meyers, George Stoffel, John Sherlock, Dr. A. M. Williamson.
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
1890-Dr. E. C. Crum, Dr. G. C. Meyers, George Stoffel, Dr. A. M. William- son, Otto R. Moldenhauer, Peter Myer.
1891-1892-Otto R. Moldenhauer, Patrick McGee, Peter Myer, Dr. G. C. Meyers, Peter L. Snyder, Dr. A. M. Williamson.
1893 --- Otto R. Moldenhauer, Patrick McGee, Peter L. Snyder, Dr. A. M. Williamson, Dr. E. C. Crum, Herbert A. Crandall.
1894-Otto R. Moldenhauer, John P. Lentz, Dr. E. C. Crum, George C. Laut- enschlauger, Dr. A. M. Williamson, Herbert A. Crandall.
1895 --- P. J. Conners, Otto R. Moldenhauer, John P. Lentz, Herbert A. Cran- dall, F. W. Weglage, Jacob Howalt.
1896-John P. Lentz, P. J. Conners, F. W. Weglage, Jacob Howalt, )r. W. W. Ensey, E. L. Spencer.
1897 --- F. W. Weglage, Jacob Howalt, Dr. W. W. Ensey, E. L. Spencer, Charles H. Hoglen, Jacob M. Koontz.
1898-Dr. W. W. Ensey, E. L. Spencer, Charles H. Hoglen, Jacob M. Koontz, C. M. Davis, James Bolan.
1899-1902-John R. Flotron, M. Uschold, Leonard Moore, Henry G. Unver- ferth, George R. Manchester, Dr. George B. Evans (succeeded in 1901 by Dr. H. C. Haning).
1903-1905 -- Edward E. Burkhart, Leonard Moore, Henry G. Unverferth, George R. Manchester, Dr. H. C. Haning (succeeded in 1904 by O. F. Dillman).
1906-C. F. Weinman, Thomas M. Pexton, D. C. Estabrook.
1907-C. F. Weinman, Thomas M. Pexton, D. C. Estabrook.
1908-Dr. J. Morton Howell, George W. Kalter, Allen C. McDonald, Dr. J. M. Wine, George C. Albert.
Since 1888, the health officers of the city have been as follows: 1888, Dr. J. M. Weaver; 1891, Dr. A. H. Iddings ; 1897, Dr. C. A. Bonner ; 1899, Dr. C. W. King; 1906, Dr. Frank W. Murphy ; 1908, Dr. George Goodhue.
THE INFIRMARY BOARD.
Special city departments have grown out of emergencies or of needs expand- ing with the growth of the city.
In 1855, the infirmary directors, Samuel Marshal, James Hall and John H. Baker, were elected. They were given charge of the infirmary erected on land acquired in 1849 just west of where the Patterson school now stands on Wyoming street. Years later the infirmary property was sold and a building rented near the center of the city where the infirmary board maintained an office and adminis- tered relief to those in need. In time a quarantine hospital was established near Calvary cemetery. The last directors before infirmary interests were transferred to the board of public safety in 1903 were James P. Reed, Luther M. Bryant and Jacob Simmerman. The business connected with the so-called "city infirmary" is now conducted in a rented office at the corner of Fourth and St. Clair streets by an officer under the supervision of the director of public service.
The appropriation by the city council for the year 1909 for the city infirmary was $7,500, of which $3,200 was for the payment of officers and employees, $3,600 for supplies, $100 for transportation, and $600 for burials.
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
CITY FINANCES.
The city valuation and the tax rate have been, respectively, as follows: 1860, $8,119,192-$1.58; 1870, $16,254,760-$2.65 ; 1880, $19,816,640-$2.25; 1890, $30,723,730-$2.24; 1900, $43,741,840-$2.66; 1909, 2.96.
The general debt in 1900 was $2,501,500 and in 1909 $3,776,600. Of this amount $513,000 are scheduled water works bonds, $182,000 water works better- ment, and $25,000 water works improvement.
From the indebtedness should be deducted $152,730 in bonds and $10,090 in cash, belonging to the sinking fund or $162,820 in all.
The ordinary receipts and expenditures for a single year as shown by the auditor's report for 1909 were as follows :
General government
$
Receipts. 6,989.25
Expenditures. $ 116,003.37
Protection of life, health and property
4,362.78
362,512.77
Public service
184,922.35
484,939.89
Public indebtedness
2,146.72
Public interest
43,362.08
185,966.26
Public taxation
966,015.63
5,555.II
Special assessments
462.45
Total ordinary
$1,208,261.26
$1,153,977.40
CHAPTER XVI.
COMMERCE.
THE GROCERY TRADE-DRY GOODS-CHAMBER OF COMMERCE-BANKS-EARLY BANKS -THIRD NATIONAL BANK-MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK-WINTERS NATIONAL BANK-FOURTH NATIONAL BANK-UNION SAFE DEPOSIT AND TRUST COMPANY- DAYTON SAVINGS BANK-FIRST SAVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY-DAYTON SAVINGS AND TRUST COMPANY-FARMERS' AND MERCHANTS BANK-NORTH DAY- TON SAVINGS BANK-MARKET SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS -DAYTON BUILDING ASSOCIATION NO. I-CONCORDIA BUILDING ASSOCIATION- GERMANIA BUILDING ASSOCIATION-MUTUAL HOME AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION -PERMANENT BUILDING AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-AMERICAN LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-FRANKLIN BUILDING AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION- FRANKLIN SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-CENTRAL BUILDING ASSOCIATION -HOMESTEAD LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-MONTGOMERY BUILDING COM- PANY-CENTENNIAL LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-EQUITABLE LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-WEST SIDE BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-MIAMI LOAN AND BUILDING ASSOCIATION-DAYTON BUILDING COMPANY-GEM CITY BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-CITIZENS' BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION -MERCHANTS' LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-BUCKEYE BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-ENTERPRISE LOAN AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-EDGEMONT BUILD- ING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-UNION BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-MONT- GOMERY COUNTY BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION-DAYTON BUILDING AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION-INSURANCE COMPANIES.
TIIE GROCERY TRADE.
All persons must live, and all are consequently interested in the grocery busi- ness. No business supplies a better index of the growth of a city than this. In 1890 there were five exclusively wholesale grocery companies in Dayton: John K. McIntire and Company ; Weakley, Worman and Company; N. Thacker and Company ; Crossley and Adamson ; and W. S. Phelps and Sons, doing an esti- mated aggregate business of over three million dollars.
The first four of the above named firms are yet in business. The first was, in 1909, incorporated under the name of the J. K. McIntire Company. Other whole- sale grocery companies now in business are the Charles H. Higgins Company and the Dayton Grocery Company. These companies have the great part of the Day- ton trade and in the territory about, especially within a radius of forty miles.
537
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
Dayton millers supply a very large amount of the flour distributed in and from Dayton.
The E. C. Harley Company, while not soliciting local business, has a mam- moth business in supplying groceries to consumers in various parts of the country.
Dayton is a large center for the packing and sale of coffee and spices and the manufacture and sale of crackers.
The retail grocers as a class are prosperous and substantial and give good service to the public.
DRY GOODS.
Some of the larger dry goods firm in 1890 were those of D. L. Rike and Company ; Lambert and Clark; Elder, Hunter and Johnston, and Bauer, Forster and Company.
Of the dry goods companies in active business in 1909, the Elder and Johnston Company has the largest volume of business.
THE DRY GOODS TRADE.
THE ELDER AND JOHNSTON COMPANY. The firm of Elder and Johnston began business on Third street in 1883. The firm moved to the present store rooms in the Reibold building on Main street in 1896. The Elder and Johnston Company was incorporated February 6, 1905, with a capital of three hundred thousand dollars. Three hundred and fifty persons are employed in the twenty-six depart- ments into which the stores are divided.
THE RIKE-KUMLER COMPANY was incorporated under its present name in 1908. It is the successor of D. L. Rike and Company and the Rike Dry Goods Company, which for many years did a flourishing business on the north side of Third street between Main and Jefferson streets. In 1893, the store was moved to its present location at the southwest corner of Main and Fourth streets. The company is noted for its large and select trade. Its employees number two hun- dred. The company has purchased real estate at the northwest corner of Main and Second streets, where, in the near future, it will erect a building suited to its large and increasing business.
Other stores doing a large retail business, principally in dry goods, are the Oelman store, established in its present location in 1903, and the Louis Traxler store. The stores named above do severally an annual business ranging from $300,000 to more than $1,000,000.
A large business is transacted by the Deweese and Bidleman, the Hunter and Hardie, and the Adler and Childs dry goods companies, located on Third street between Main and Jefferson streets, where formerly almost the entire dry goods business of the city was located.
Since the leading stores now in business were established great changes have taken place. No longer does the proprietor or one or two clerks wait on customers all over the store. Instead of stores being open twelve hours in the day they are now open nine and the conditions under which clerks perform their work are in other ways improved.
-
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
Dayton stores in other lines of trade are noted for the large stocks of goods which they carry and the enterprise and satisfactory service of their proprietors.
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
Dayton has had a succession of commercial bodies. The first of these, The Dayton Exchange, was established December 1, 1873. The first officers were: President, J. A. Jordan; Secretary, Ashley Brown. The exchange was reor- ganized February 9, 1874. The object which called forth the planning and efforts of this pioneer organization was the securing of a railroad to the Jackson county coal mine. The desired end was accomplished in the building of the Southeastern Railroad, which was completed to the coal mines in 1881.
After the dissolving of the Dayton exchange, the next commercial organiza- tion formed was the Board of Trade, established April 30, 1887. H. H. Weak- ley was the president of this organization and E. P. Matthews, secretary. This organization was incorporated in May, 1887, and was able to enroll three hun- dred and thirty-six members. The object inspiring the organization and activity of the Board of Trade was the securing of a new union railway station.
The present active and influential Chamber of Commerce was the result of the combination, February 15, 1907, of the Boosters' Club, incorporated February 8, 1907, the Commercial Club and the Board of Trade. The Receivers and Ship- pers Association became a department of the Chamber of Commerce in 1908, under the name of the Traffic Bureau.
The first officers of the Chamber of Commerce were: President, Theodore Fluhart; First Vice-President, John R. Flotron; Second Vice-President, Leo- pold Rauh; Secretary, Seymour B. Kelly; Treasurer, J. Edward Sauter; General Manager, Frank H. Hall.
The officers elected in 1909 were the following: President, Leopold Rauh; First Vice-President, George B. Smith; Second Vice-President, F J. McCor- mick, Jr .; Treasurer, J. Edward Sauer ; Secretary, Walter B. Moore; Assistant Secretary, W. L. Winning.
Following the organization of the Chamber of Commerce the advantages of Dayton were advertised to the world through various publications of the Cham- ber of Commerce. In 1908, under the name of City of a Thousand Factories, an elaborate publication showing these advantages was issued. In December of that year the first number of Greater Dayton, described as a magazine of prog- ress, made its appearance. Since that time it has appeared regularly with each month. It is splendidly edited and printed and what is more it is the true ex- pression of the intelligent and efficient activities of the Chamber of Commerce.
The most recent expression of the confidence and esteem in which the Cham- ber of Commerce is held was manifested by the action of the city council in ask- ing that committees from its body assist in planning for the great improve- ments in connection with the straightening of the channel of the Miami river and in other improvements.
The Chamber of Commerce, through its organ, Greater Dayton, keeps before the public such facts as the following :
540
DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
"Dayton is situated in the center of the famous Miami valley, the richest and most thickly populated section west of the Alleghanies, with 750,000 people with- in its trading district. Mean altitude above sea level, 800 feet. Population in 1909, 140,000 ; area, 16.62 square miles. Commercial center of the largest manufac- turing district in the country.
Ten postoffice stations; fifteen rural routes; annual postoffice receipts $503,982.95 ; customs, $145,021.82.
Large and complete memorial building with large convention hall.
Dayton bonds demand the highest premium of any municipal bonds in the state.
A port of entry ; headquarters of thirteen national and sixteen state, fraternal, religious, trades and other organizations.
Dayton has the largest and finest Soldiers' Home ; finest sanitary market in the country; National Cash Registers model plant of the world; Southern Ohio Insane Asylum ; Government Stamped Envelope plant; unexcelled railroad facili- ties ; splendid factory sites ; finest Union railroad station in the state; Miami and Erie canal; Miami, Stillwater, and Mad rivers; four splendid concrete-steel bridges ; numerous small parks and boulevards.
A greater variety of manufactories than any other city of its size on the west- ern continent and fewer labor troubles."
EARLY BANKS.
Very early in the history of this community there was felt the need of bank- ing facilities, as trade was expanding rapidly and the primitive mode of barter by exchange of commodities was totally inadequate. In 1813 this sentiment crys- tallized in a series of meetings held in the latter part of that year, with the re- sult that a charter was obtained from the legislature, February 10, 1814, for The Dayton Manufacturing Company to carry on the business of banking. This charter ran until 1818, but on February 23, 1816, the legislature granted an ex- tension of twenty-five years which carried its legal existence to January 1, 1843. The first board of directors was composed of the following gentlemen: H. G. Phillips, Joseph Peirce, John Compton, David Reid, William Eaker, Charles R. Green, Isaac G. Burnet, Joseph H. Crane, D. C. Lindsley, John Ewing, Mad- dox Fisher, David Griffin and John H. Williams. H. G. Phillips was elected president and George S. Houston cashier, and the bank opened for business August 14, 1814. The directors of this bank were careful to see that all the profits should not be eaten up in salaries, as it is recorded that the president's salary was one hundred and fifty dollars per year, and the cashier's four hundred dollars. However, the standard of living was much simpler then than now and the price of commodities much lower, so that these salaries may have been larger in reality than one would suppose, judging from today's standards. In 1815 the company bought a lot on North Main street and erected thereon, at a total cost of $2,600, a stone building, which they used for their banking house until the close of their career. The house is still standing (1909) and is owned by Mr. Joseph Bimm, who lives in one half of it and Dr. Palmer in the other half.
541
DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
In June, 1815, the company made the following statement of condition :
ASSETS.
Gold and silver
$ 34,154.35
Treasury notes
1,000.00
Bills discounted 56,871.81
Paid on banking house
880.00
Currency
28,340.87
Expense
2,258.18
Total
$123,505.21
LIABILITIES.
ยท Stock paid in $ 25,633.00
Notes issued
61,200.00
United States deposits
5,120.00
Individual deposits
19,171.51
Due Miami Exporting Company
7,313.91
Due from banks
2,728.02
Discounts
2,338.77
Total $123,505.21
The unwavering patriotism that has always characterized this section was shown at this early date, as the first loan recorded is one of $11,120 made to the United States government, at that time carrying on the second war with England. In 1817 the bank felt the need of having an attorney, so they employed Henry Ba- con, who is described as "a professional character of reputable standing."
The circulation was soon increased to over $134,000, and some of it was in small denominations, or "change tickets," as they were called, being of the value of six and one-fourth and twelve and one-half cents and twenty-five and fifty cents. This shows how great was the need of an ample circulating medium at that early date. The bank ran along with varying fortunes until 1822, when, as the outlook was extremely dark, the directors decided to wind up the institution. Accord- ingly, George S. Houston, the cashier, notified the public to present all notes for payment on or before May 1, 1822. The bank, however, did not close its business, but continued running until 1825, when a new banking law was passed, which at first was thought to be favorable, but later, because of oppressive taxes was seen to be otherwise. It ran along now doing a little collecting, but no real banking, until 1831, when the directors concluded that the real business of banking, namely, discounting, should be again commenced. Accordingly the capital stock was in- creased, its name was changed to the Dayton Bank, and it started again as a full- fledged bank and maintained an honorable career until it had to close in 1843 be- cause of the expiration of its charter. All during the trouble caused by Andrew Jackson's warfare on the United States Bank, the Dayton Bank maintained specie payments. So great had become its fame in this respect that its notes were hoarded, and thus was again proven that well-known law, that a depreciated cur- rency always drives the sound money out of circulation. In 1841 conditions were
542
DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
such that a larger circulation was needed, so the directors decided to issue circula- tion to the amount of the bank's capital, $174,000, redeemable, however, in cur- rent bank notes. They still maintained the redemptions of all previous issues in specie.
In December, 1841, a memorial was presented to the legislature asking for a renewal of their charter or for an extension of time to close up their affairs, but as both requests were denied they commenced preparations for liquidation. In February, 1842, they made the following statement :
ASSETS.
Bills discounted
$157,381.97
Ohio stocks
25,000.00
Due from western banks
4,159.63
Due from eastern banks
500.20
Real estate
2,970.08
Protests
21.37
Expense
866.00
Western bank notes
26,334.00
Gold and silver
61,356.10
Total
$278,589.35
LIABILITIES.
Capital stock
$174,007.16
Circulation payable in specie
12,528.00
Circulation payable in currency
32,440.00
Deposits
54,409.40
Other liabilities
5,204.79
Total $278,589.35
On January 3, 1843, the directors were made liquidating trustees and Alexan- der Grimes, the cashier of the bank, became agent for the trustees to close up the affairs of the bank. The banking house was sold at auction to H. G. Phillips for $1,350 on February 25, 1843. It was 1848 before Alexander Grimes made his final report and thus ended the career of the first bank in Dayton without the loss of a dollar to any note holder or depositor.
This is truly a wonderful record when one takes into consideration the troub- lous times through which it passed and the long periods of business depression with all the attendant evils of bank suspensions, failures and so forth. In 1834 there were some warm meetings in Dayton over the closing of the United States bank by Andrew Jackson and the transfer of the government money to the treasury. The papers of that time were full of the meetings and resolutions passed both pro and con, and one paper speaks of our mis-Representatives Messrs. Ewing and Crane. The hard times then prevailing were blamed upon Andrew Jackson's financial policy just as the banking crisis of October, 1907, was ascribed to the very secure but "highly unscientific" bond secured currency. The
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
early discussions resembled very much those waged by the champions of asset currency with the advocates of a bond secured currency.
There was a period of a couple of years-1843 to 1845-when Dayton was without any regular banking facilities but in the latter year two strong banks were started and competition in the banking business was on and has been on ever since. The Dayton branch of the State Bank of Ohio was one, with Alexander Grimes, Charles G. Swain, Robert W. Steele, J. D. Phillips, Peter Odlin, Samuel Shoup, Warren Estabrook, David Stout and Herman Gebhart as directors. Peter Odlin was president and David Z. Peirce cashier. The Dayton National Bank is suc- cessor to this bank. The other bank was called the "Dayton Bank" and its direc- tors were Jonathan Harshman, Sr., John Rench, Thomas Brown, Daniel Beckel, Jonathan Harshman, Jr., Henry Van Tuyl and David Davis. Jonathan Harshman, Sr., was president and Valentine Winters, cashier. The Winters National Bank is a lineal descendant of this bank. Both the Winters and Dayton national banks have made strenuous efforts to trace their lineage to the old Dayton Manufacturing Company, but they have a hard time accounting for the two years when there was no bank in Dayton.
The Dayton National Bank bases its claim upon the fact that some of the men connected with the old Dayton Manufacturing Company were prominent in the or- ganization of the Dayton branch of the State Bank.
President John H. Winters bases his claim upon the following circumstance: He says that when the old Dayton Bank liquidated it paid Jonathan Harshman for his deposit and stock about $45,000 in silver, which was removed at night from the bank on a dray by Valentine Winters and Abraham Overlease and placed in the vault that stood in the basement directly under where their present banking room is situated. (This old vault was torn out when the old building was demolished to make room for the present Callahan Bank building.) There this ton and more of specie reposed peacefully until the new "Dayton Bank" was organized when it was paid over as part of the capital stock.
To an unprejudiced observer it looks like both claims were exceedingly slen- der, and that it can be written down that the old Dayton Manufacturing Com- pany, after a useful life of thirty years died childless, leaving only a good name and the memory of an honorable career.
The first statements of these two banks made on August 4, 1845, are not with- out interest :
THE DAYTON BANK.
ASSETS.
Gold
$ 6,099.50
Silver
37,744.03
Deposits in banks
28,921.48
Bank notes on hand
8,099.00
Due from banks
1 12.52
Bills discounted
46,427.87
Personal property
537.47
Expenses
65.27
$128,007.14
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DAYTON AND MONTGOMERY COUNTY
LIABILITIES.
Capital stock
$ 32,360.00
Circulating notes
19,682.00
Bank deposits 11,238.39
Individual deposits
64,099.54
Profits
627.21
$128,007.14
DAYTON BRANCH OF THE STATE BANK.
ASSETS.
Gold and silver
$ 34,364.45
Deposits in New York and Baltimore
10,820.69
Ohio bank notes
11,364.00
Other state bank notes
17,936.00
Bills discounted
8,365.03
Due from other banks
501.88
Expense
190.93
$ 83,542.98
LIABILITIES.
Capital stock
$ 37,178.00
Bank deposits
4,884.46
Individual deposits
41,363.90
Profits
II6.62
$ 83,542.98
The Journal comments upon the statement of the State Bank being satisfac- tory in every way, except the lack of circulating notes, but supposes that in a week or two they will be gratified by the sight of some State Bank paper. Their expec- tations were realized and the notes were said to be beautiful examples of the en- graver's art.
These two banks did not long enjoy a monopoly for in 1850 the City Bank, a private bank, was opened by Joel O. Shoup and Samuel Tate, Sr., with Joseph A. Dusang as cashier. Its place of business was on the north side of Third street, four doors east of Jefferson, and it only ran five or six years.
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