USA > Ohio > Ross County > Chillicothe > Ohio centennial anniversary celebration at Chillicothe, May 20-21, 1903 : under the auspices of the Ohio State Archaelogical and Historical Society : complete proceedings > Part 61
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To the Negro there was no star, but thank God we have lived to see the day when our sons - every one - have the oppor- tunity to make of themselves men; to take upon themselves the responsibilities of citizenship, and we have come to you, not to criticise the past, but to gird ourselves for the duty of an American citizen; to, in the future, increase the wealth, the intel- ligence and the virtue of this grand republic of ours. (Applause.) We hope that the coming century may be broader even than the past, and we want to assure you, Mr. Chairman, that one hundred years ago when the state was organized there was not a Negro
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who owned a house in this great territory, but to-day twenty- seven thousand homes belong to our race.
In eighteen hundred when the census was taken there were only one thousand five hundred negroes in all the Northwest Ter- ritory ; but to-day there are two million five hundred and seventy- six thousand, five hundred and forty negroes - I think there has been some addition since that (laughter), since the census was taken, but we will let those figures stand. (Applause and laughter.)
But we are here to take our part; our soldiers in the past have fought in the war; we have fought for our country, as a race we have fought; our soldiers went out and fought for the union and the constitution. Why it is said we fought like de- mons upon the battle-field. Both slave and valiant freemen faced the glittering steel; our blood, beneath the banner, mingled with the whites ; beneath its folds we now have received justice and equal rights,-let it wave. (Applause.) Let the glorious banner wave, let it wave, but never over a slave. (Great applause.) That is the message we have for you, my fellow-countrymen.
Fellow-citizens, let us adopt for the coming century the motto of Kentucky. Kentucky has two white men standing - they made a mistake - and holding each other's hands, and above them is written "United we stand, divided we fall." So I say to this audience, to this congregation and all the state of Ohio, let us stand as the motto says, United the Negro and the White stand.
We know that one hundred years ago the Indians outnum- bered us, but the Indian is passing away and the Negroes have increased. The Indians rejected your Bible ; they rejected your civilization ; they rejected your coat ; they rejected your pants ; they rejected your shoes ; they rejected all of these; the Negro, he has appropriated your shoes (laughter), appropriated your coat (more laughter) - when the weather is stormy he had to have it, if you didn't give it to him he would take it anyhow (great laughter), because in our civilization to-day we must have a coat. And the reason we have appropriated the best of your civilization is the reason we are here to-day, and where are the Indians? It has come to be as General Cowen said last night, when he was talking about the Cliff Dwellers, the Mound Build-
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ers and the Tent Dwellers who had inhabited this country, com- ing to the people who had dwelling houses, school houses, court houses and watch houses. (Laughter.)
Now, who own the dwelling houses of this country ? - The negro and the white man. Who own the school houses of this country ? - The negro and the white man. Who own the court houses of this country? - The negro and the white man. You furnish the judge and we furnish the prisoner. (More laughter.)
The sixteen million families of this country live in fourteen million houses, and of the fourteen million houses more than two million of them belong to us - we are the only people in this country that own houses. We have our titles clear to the houses on earth as we have to the mansions in the sky.
And that is the reason why we are here. Talk about the Negro going away. We can't get away if we wanted to, and we wouldn't go if you did want us to. Your fathers supported us when we were slaves; your fathers educated us when we were ignorant ; your fathers helped us when we had nothing; now we are enlightened, now the school houses are open to us, now we are doing our duty, and we are going to with your help. The Negroes of this country, the nine million Negroes of this country have been in a normal school - America is a normal school teach- ing some how to teach the rest, teaching others how to realize the best.
Why the Negro and the white man are the ones who know how to get things! Do you know that there is not a statute on the books of the nation or state that was put there except by us two ? Show me an instance.
The Indians, there are only about two hundred and fifty thou- sand of them; the other colored peoples, there are about one hun- dred and seventy-five thousand of them ; but there are nine millions of us and sixty-six millions of you, and every statute on the books of this nation is there, proposed and put there by you or us.
Do you know that the only people ever sitting in the speak- er's chair of the House of Representatives of the United States are us two? Nobody ever got there but the Negro and the white man. (Laughter.) And do you know that the first colored man who ever occupied the chair of the House of Representatives was
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invited there by an Ohio man? (Applause.) When General J. Warren Keifer was speaker of the House of Representatives, on one occasion the house was turbulent - you know how it is when they are going to close up, the spirit was on them and the spirit was in them - he looked over the house to find a man with a level head and the only man he saw with a level head was Mr. Rainey, of South Carolina, and J. Warren Keifer, when he pre- sided in the House of Representatives, has the distinction of in- viting Mr. Rainey to come up and take the chair for the first time in the history of the world. Nobody ever got there before us and we would not have gotten there if it had not been for an Ohio man (laughter and applause), and I would not move out of Ohio if I could. (Applause.) All honor to J. Warren Keifer. (More applause. )
And you know the Speaker's chair of the Senate. Nobody was ever in that but us two. It is a fact. I am not telling you anything new, anything that you didn't yourselves all know. B. K. Bruce was a senator from Mississippi, he was elected senator from Mississippi, and he went there, and the vice-president of the United States asked Mr. Bruce to come up -. you know it is a senatorial courtesy to invite them - when the time came he shut his eyes and said, "Mr. Bruce, come up and take the chair"; he didn't say, "The gentleman from Mississippi will please take the chair," and Mr. Bruce came up and took the chair and he presided over the Senate of the United States. Nobody has been there but us two, and do you suppose I am going to leave you now? There is only one more chair for us to fill. We have been constable; we have been justice of the peace; we have been in- justice of the peace ; we have been representative; we have been misrepresentative ; we have been in Congress, and the only other chair is over at the White House, and as long as there is an Ohio man in the White House we don't want it. (Applause.)
And when an Ohio man was elected to that we furnished him the Bible on which he took the oath of office (applause), so while we have not the president we have the Bible.
My friends, I must stop. All I ask of you in the future, all I ask in the name of the ninety-six thousand negroes of this state is that you give us your sympathy in our struggle ; give us your
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prayers ; and we ask the press to be fair to us and to record our virtues as well as our vices. (Applause.) If a negro is lynched, tell why he is lynched, but if the negro does a good deed put it in your paper. That is all we ask.
If you find a negro man going to jail, let him go on like any other man, and hang him like any other man but don't hang the wrong man and try him after he is hung. We ask justice for the children of the fathers, as true to the principle as their fathers.
We start out in the new century, standing with the motto of Kentucky, "United we stand but divided we fall."
In the future you may expect us to do our duty every time. If our nation is in danger, call upon us; if there is any danger call upon us.
We are the oldest daughter in this state of the Methodist Church, and my Church happens to have the distinction of being · the oldest daughter of the Methodist Episcopal Church, so he (referring to Bishop McCabe) is the bishop of the mother and I am a bishop of the daughter, both one in religion, equal in re- sponsibility.
Let the work of educating the negro go on with Wilberforce the light of the race in this state. When we educate the hand, we educate the heart and the head. We are educating for the duties of American citizenship, and when we march on and are celebrating the coming bi-centennial they will look back into the record of this day, and the first will be that rendered by the African Methodist Church. (Loud and long continued ap- plause. )
THE OHIO CENTURY.
AUSTIN MATLACK COURTENAY.
A Spirit high and nobly wise,
Who saw creation's dawn of old, And watched with musing, wondering eyes
The great world-drama slow unfold, Led Abram's faith, and thrilled afar From David's heart the shepherd's song,
Swung from his hand bright Beth- l'hem's star
And wept for Calv'ry's holy wrong ;
Then, and thence, for many an age He scanned this heart of all the world
A. M. COURTENAY.
Unknown, unsought of King or Sage, No flag its wildness o'er unfurled ;
God kept its maiden beauty fast
From old world lust, and greed, and hate Until a worthy race at last
He chose for her love-wedded mate.
Earth's heart, of fairest soil and sky, From Alleghany's laureled height To far Sierra's snow-crown high,
Lay sleeping yet in undreamed might, All draped in lustrous robe of green,
Wrought whole in Nature's mystic loom,
Stream-broidered with a silver sheen,
And clasped with jewelled-prairie bloom.
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The sentinel Angel sagely saw The tide-like torrent of a race Which Freedom loved, yet reverenced Law, And gave Religion temple space. Blown landwise over seas appears By trackless forest, mountain crest, Through years, wars, treaties, blood and tears, This Winner of God's virgin West.
And firstborn of their mighty brood, Begotten of the Land and Race, Ohio, like Minerva stood
Full-armed, brain-born, with heart of grace; The Century struck to chime this birth Of its incarnate inmost self Where Labor, Learning, Native Worth, Faith, Freedom, make the Commonwealth.
Had waited long to take his task This guardian Genius of our Age, Compact of all the vital past, Inheritor of Saint and Sage; At last he guides her destiny, And shapes the fashion of her fate,
Then crowns with Immortality The splendid myriad of her great.
Her pondering brow is Science' throne, Her lips breathe sweetest poesy, Her bounty stills pale famine's moan, Her will doth order Liberty; About her feet lie shattered crowns, And trampling them in reasoned rage The mass of men, whose shouting drowns The droning lies of privilege.
Her strong right hand hath knighted toil, Her heart-arm gathers to her breast
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Woman and Childhood, from the coil Of ancient wrong, so sore oppressed ; She shelters on her affluent lap The maimed of body and of mind- The martyrs of mankind's mishap- And nurtures at her bosom kind.
She teacheth Law the grace of Love, And bids sweet Charity be wise ; She wooeth wisdom from above And marrieth our Earth and Skies; She loveth Earth and yet her eyes, Serene, profound, most gently bright, With lowly reverence seek the skies Adoring God who gave her might.
O ! great, immortal Era, rise ! Thou latest born of Time, ascend ! And in the Court of Centuries, Before thee all the Ages bend ; While stands Ohio proudly by - First, fairest offspring of thy state - With image, stature, spirit nigh Thine own, O! Mother of the Great.
Then hail! Ohio, Hail to thee ! Be holy-wise and generous-strong, Law-true, home-pure and bravely free, Yet patient while thou curbest wrong, Then hail, heart's hail, dear land we love! Thine Elders pray, while Childhood sings, Thy dead acclaim thee from above ; Grace! Peace! beneath God's sheltering wings !
OHIO CENTENNIAL COMMISSION.
RUSHIR, SLOANE. DAVID S. GRAY.
R. W. MANLY. J. WARREN KEIFER. JAMES BARNETT. (686)
BENJ. R. COWEN. CHAS. M. ANDERSON.
PERSONAL SKETCHES OF THE SPEAKERS,
COMMISSION AND TRUSTEES OF THE OHIO STATE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
ANDERSON, CHARLES M. Born in Juniata county, Pa., January 5, 1845. Son of James and Ruth (McCahan) Anderson, the former born in Lancaster County, Pa., April, 1792, the latter in January, 1800. His paternal grandparents were Irish and lived about twenty miles from Dub- lin, emigrated to America in 1791. Parents of Chas. M. were married in November, 1820. Family came to Ohio in 1855. Boyhood and youth of Chas. M. spent on a farm. Later taught school. Served as private in Co. B., seventy-first Regiment, Ohio Vol., and was honorably discharged Jan- uary 6, 1866, at twenty-one years of age. Attended Normal school at Lebanon, Ohio, and also engaged in teaching. Studied law under direc- tion of Judge D. L. Meeker, of Greenville, and admitted to the bar May 21, 1868. Opened an office at once and gradually rose to a position as a leader of the bar. Democratic candidate for nomination to congress in 1878. Defeated in convention by only one-fourth of a vote. Candidate August 7, 1884, in Dayton district. Nominated on first ballot. Elected in following October. Appointed one of the Board of Visitors at West Point. In January 1884, commissioned Judge-Advocate General of Ohio by Governor Hoadley. Second in command of Ohio troops during Cin- cinnati riot. In 1890 appointed by Governor Campbell one of Ohio's com- missioners at the World's Fair (Chicago). In 1894 chosen by congress as one of the board of managers for the National Home of Disabled Vol- teer Soldiers. Re-appointed April 1900. Member Red Men, K. of P., and Masonic orders. Gen. Anderson is an orator of great power and has been heard by audiences in all parts of the country. Married June 7, 1870, to Miss Ella Hart, daughter of Moses Hart, of Greenville. Two sons, William H., graduate of West Point, and Robert T., a law partner with his father. Appointed by Gov. Nash a member of the Ohio Cen- tennial Commission.
ANDERSON, JAMES H., son of Judge Thomas Jefferson and Nancy Dunlevy Anderson; born March 16, 1833, in Marion, Ohio; edu- cated in the select schools, in the Marion Academy, and Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio. Graduate from the law depart- ment of Cincinnati College; admitted to the bar. Delegate to the first republican state convention in Ohio, July 13, 1855. Elected mayor of Marion and prosecuting attorney of Marion county. Married to Miss
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Princess A. Miller. Appointed (March 16, 1861) by President Lincoln U. S. Consul at Hamburg; Mr. Anderson's official duties were those of both Minister and Consul. He remained abroad five and a half years. Elected a member of the American Geographical and Statistical Society ; also corresponding member of the American Institute; on May 30, 1863, he was appointed a delegate to represent the American Institute at In- ternational Agricultural Exhibition at Hamburg. In 1866, Mr. Ander- son tendered his resignation as consul. On his return home he was sent as a delegate from the eighth congressional district of Ohio, to the National Union convention at Philadelphia. In 1866 President John- son appointed him territorial judge, but declining that judicial position he accepted the office of collector of internal revenue for same district. In 1878 appointed by Governor Bishop, trustee of the Ohio State Uni- versity. The year that Gen. Thomas Ewing ran for governor of Ohio, Mr. Anderson served as a member of the state executive committee, and as its secretary. President of the Old North West Genealogical Society, and was an active member for years of the Historical Society of Vir- ginia. Member Ohio State Bar Association and American Bar As- sociation. Went to Columbus in 1873, and has since that time been identified with the business interests and growth of the capital city. Married to Miss Princess A. Miller; children (now living) are Mary Princess, wife of Professor Edward Orton, Jr., of the Ohio State Uni- versity; Lieut. James T. Anderson, U. S. A .; and Charles Finley of Paducah, Ky. Life member and trustee Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society.
ANDERSON, THOMAS MCARTHUR. Was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, January 22, 1836. Son of W. Marshall and Eliza McArthur ; grandfather was Governor Duncan McArthur. Gen. Anderson naturally adopted the military profession, for his paternal grandfather was a colonel in the Continental Army. Major Robert Anderson, the hero of Fort Sumter, George Rogers Clark, and a lot of fighting Marshalls, Croghans and McDonalds were blood relatives, taking part in nearly all our wars from those of the French and Indian war to the last fight in the Philippines. General Anderson graduated at Mt. St. Mary's College, Md., 1885 and Cincinnati Law College, and was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1858. On opening of the Rebellion enlisted as a private soldier in the Sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; transferred to the reg- ular army, and recruited a company in Fairfield, Pickaway and Fayette counties; served through the Civil War, commanding a battalion of the twelfth infantry; took part in eighteen battles in that war, and was twice wounded, and twice brevetted for bravery in action. At the close of the war he mustered out our Andersonville prisoners who had been collected at Camp Chase, Columbus. Subsequently he was a. reconstructing officer in the South. After the close of that duty, he served on the extreme western frontier, having his full share of Indian
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campaigns. He served twelve years as colonel of the fourteenth infantry. In winter of 1898 commanded Columbia district in Alaska, during the Klondike excitement. At the breaking out of the Spanish War he was made a brigadier general of volunteers, and commanded the first detach- ment to the Philippines; the first military expedition from this country which ever crossed an ocean. After the arrival of General Merritt a month later, he was second in command; landed and organized the forces sent to Luzon, and commanded the division of the eighth army corps which attacked and took Manila. On return home was placed in command Department of the Lakes at Chicago. Is a member of the G. A. R .; a thirty-third degree Mason; Past Commander of the Oregon Loyal Legion and was seven times Vice-President General of the S. A. R. He married Elizabeth Van Winkle (N. J.) Commandant of State Soldiers and Sailors Home, Sandusky, Ohio. Life member Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society.
ANDREWS, MARTIN REGISTER, born near Meigs, Morgan county, Ohio, April 6, 1842; is a descendant of John Andrews, who settled in Dan- bury, Conn., about 1640. In the same family were E. A. Andrews, the author of the well known Latin grammar, President Lorin Andrews, of Kenyon College, and many other teachers. Martin R. Andrews learned to read and write in a little log school house, and he soon supplemented that instruction by devouring all the volumes of the "Ohio School Library" to be found in his own and adjacent dis- tricts. Graduated from the McConnellsville High School in 1859; from the Marietta College in 1869. A long interval between high school and college was spent in teaching a district school and in following the Stars and Stripes through Dixie; served in the sixty-second Ohio for sixteen months, was in the Signal Corps nearly two years, and for a few months was adjutant of the 43d battalion O. V. M. Principal of the Harmar public schools for three years, and superintendent of schools at Steubenville from 1870 to 1879. Since that time he has been in the employ of the trustees of Marietta College for fifteen years, as principal of the academy; for a short time as instructor; and, more recently as Putnam Professor of History and Political Science. Published and edited the Ohio Teacher from 1899 to 1902. On November 13, 1903, Governor Nash appointed Prof. Andrews trustee of the Ohio State Archeological and Historical Society.
ARNETT, BENJAMIN WILLIAM, born Brownsville, Pa., March 16, 1838; son of Samuel G. and Mary Louisa Arnett; educated in the common schools of Bridgeport, Pa., and graduate of Wilberforce University (Ohio) with degrees of D. D. and LL.D .; special course in divinity at Lane Sem- inary, Cincinnati. He was married at Uniontown, Pa., May 25, 1858, to Miss Mary L. Gorden. Ordained to ministry in the A. M. E. Church in
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1868; bishop since 1888. Elected by the Sunday-school Union of Ohio to represent it at the Robert Raikes Centennial, London, England, 1880. Elected to represent the Inter-Denominational Sunday-school Union of South Carolina at the World's convention, London, England, July 2, 1889. Member of the Ohio Legislature from Green County, 1886-7. Author of the bill abolishing the "Black Laws" of the state, and to provide for teaching scientific temperance in all the schools. Delivered address at the centennial celebration of the first settlement of the Northwest Ter- ritory, 1888, Marietta, Ohio; delivered address at the Jubilee of Freedom, Columbus, Ohio, 1888. Chaplain of the National Republican convention at St. Louis in 1896. Presided over Parliament of religions at Chicago September 15, 1903; presided at Ecumenical Conference of Methodists, London, September 7, 1901. Life member and trustee Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society.
AVERY, ELROY MCKENDREE, PH. D., LL. D., was born at Erie, Mon- roe county, Michigan, July 14, 1844, the son of Caspar Hugh and Dor- othy (Putnam) Avery. He served as a soldier during the Civil War, and was mustered out at its close as sergeant-major of the eleventh Mich- igan Volunteer Cavalry. Married Catherine Hitchcock Tilden, daugh- ter of Judge Junius Tilden, of Monroe, Michigan, July 2, 1870. Gradu- ated from the University of Michigan in 1871. Principal high school at Battle Creek, Michigan, and East High School, and City Normal School at Cleveland. Member Cleveland City Council, 1891 to 1892, and of the Ohio State Senate, 1893 to 1897. Fellow American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a member of many other historical and economic societies. Member Grand Army of the Republic, and of the Sons of the American Revolution. Thirty-second degree Mason, Knight Templar, etc. Author series of high-school text-books on physics and chemistry, published by the American Book Co., and of many other pub- lished works. His "History of the United States and Its People," an illustrated work of twelve royal octavo volumes, is now in press. Life member and trustee Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society.
BAREIS, GEORGE F., son of George and Ernestina (Finkbiner) Bareis, born July 23, 1852, near Bremen, Fairfield County, Ohio. Father native of Wittenberg, Germany, as were also his grandparents on his maternal side. Was educated in the district schools and attended the high schools in Logan and Canal Winchester, Ohio. In 1871 began an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade, in the meantime studying architecture; in 1880 he entered upon the lumber business, which he has since conducted. Mar- ried March 17, 1875, to Miss Amanda J. Schock. President Board of Regents of Heidelberg University; member executive committee Ohio State Sunday-school Association. Active in local school and village affairs. Superintendent of his (Reformed) Sunday-school for more than twenty-five years. Author and publisher of a "History of Madison Town-
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ship, Franklin County," Ohio (1902). Life member, trustee and vice- president Ohio State Archæological and Historical Society.
BARNETT, JAMES, was born June 20, 1821, at Cherry Valley, Otsego county, New York, the son of Melancton and Mary C. Barnett. Came to Cleveland in 1825, and learned the hardware business. At the breaking out of the Rebellion entered military service and was given command of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery. Took the field in April, 1861, participated in the campaign in Western Virginia, and the affairs at Phillipi, Bealington, Carrick's Ford, and elsewhere. On Sep- tember 3, 1861, was commissioned colonel of the First Ohio Light Ar- tillery (three years). General Buell placed him in command of the Ar- tillery reserve of the Army of the Ohio. Afterwards he was appointed Chief of Artillery on staff of General C. C. Gilbert, commanding the Third corps, Army of the Ohio, and later appointed chief of artillery on the Staff of General A. McD. McCook, commanding the right wing of the Fourteenth Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland. Assigned to duty by General W. S. Rosecrans as chief of artillery, Army of the Cumber- land, November 24, 1862, and participated in all its movements and battles. Was honorably mustered out of service October 1864. On re- turn to civil life, he was appointed director of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, Xenia, Ohio, which office he filled until 1870, when he was ap pointed one of its trustees. Trustee of Cleveland Asylum for Insane for seven years. In 1875 was appointed police commissioner by Governor Hayes. President First National Bank, Cleveland, from 1876 to present time. Member Cleveland City Council, 1873. Trustee and life member of Case Library for twenty years; member of G. A. R. since its or- ganization. A delegate to the Republican National conventions at Chicago, 1880, and at Philadelphia, 1900. In 1881 was appointed mem- ber of the Board of Managers of National Home Disabled Volunteer Sol- diers. Member Order of the Loyal Legion. President Cleveland Humane Society, and Cleveland Associated Charities; member Western Reserve Historical Society; Cuyahoga Monument Committee for Soldiers and Sailors. Member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Union Club. By act of congress was brevetted as Brigadier General of Volun- teers, which promotion was afterwards advanced to Major General of Volunteers. Appointed by Gov. Nash member of the Ohio Centennial Commission.
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