USA > Ohio > The biographical annals of Ohio, 1906-1907-1908. A handbook of the government and institutions of the state of Ohio. > Part 70
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In April of 1870 the Home passed under the control of the State, and its removal from Xenia to its present location on the old Pelham farm was accomplished in September, the work of construction having been pushed sufficiently to accommodate the children then in attendance. The doors were thrown open to new pupils, and as soon as the transfer from the city to the farm was effected, and from September, 1870, to the pres- ent time, there has never been an hour when there were not more ap- plicants for admission than could possibly be received.
It is a matter of course that the requirements for admission should be changed with changing conditions. In 1870 no children were entitled to admission but those whose fathers were killed in action, or had since died from wounds or the disabilities of war. The lapse of time soon rendered this class of children ineligible from age-limit, and the doors were then opened successively to those whose fathers being ex-soldiers had died from any cause; to those whose mothers had died, the father being an ex-soldier, and unable to properly care for his children; to the children of ex-soldiers, whose parents being alive were not able to care for them; to the children and orphans residing in Ohio of such soldiers and sailors who have died or may hereafter die by reason of wounds received or disease contracted while serving in the military or naval forces of the United States.
In 1870 the instruction consisted of the usual school course with some outdoor labor; in 1875 industrial pursuits were added to the school course, and to the number of industries then inaugurated there have been constant additions, aggregating twenty-three, as the science of manual training has grown more familiar to the educator. In the Home was thus established far in advance of similar public institutions, a Manual Training School, supported by public funds for public uses. The Home is the largest institution of its kind in the world, and has a long history
918
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home.
of active educational work. Graduates from its schools are filling honor- able positions in the civil, political, financial, military, and naval depart- ments of American life. It has been frequently said that in all America it would be hard to find a spot more hallowed to the memory of American Soldiery, more filled with the stirring influences of patriotic devotion to country and to the country's flag; more typical of the peace and honor which follow from the defense of Rights and Liberty, than among the scenes and experiences which surround the home and school life of the 720 pupils of the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home at Xenia.
From an old photograph, made in 1872, the illustration was taken which heads this article, and on the back of this old photograph are given the names of the men who were appointed by the Governor of Ohio to take over the Home from the Grand Army in April, 1870, and mould it into a state institution. They are:
BOARD OF TRUSTEES, 1870-1874.
Name.
Residence.
Gen. R. P. Buckland
Gen. James Barnett
Gen. J. Warren Keifer
Barnabas Burns ...
Gen. Manning F. Force
Gen. John S. Jones ..
A. Trader
Fremont. Cleveland. Springfield. Mansfield.
Cincinnati. Delaware. Xenia.
SUPERINTENDENT 1870-1874.
Name.
Residence.
Dr. L. D. Griswold, Medical Dept., U. S. V.
Elyria.
PRESENT BOARD OF TRUSTEES 1907.
Name.
Residence.
Col. D. Q. Morrow
Capt. P. H. Dowling.
J. C. Roland.
J. D. Bemis
B. M. Moulton
Hillsboro. Toledo. Cleveland. Fremont. Lima.
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THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home.
The Home consists of 32 cottages.
Over 5,000 young men and women have graduated from the Home. Students over 14 years must engage in some trade.
OFFICERS.
Name.
Office.
James L. Smith. .
Superintendent.
Mrs. Alice D. Smith
Matron.
Thomas J. Collins .
Financial Officer.
Warren C. Hewitt, M. D
Physician.
William H. Sutherland.
Storekeeper.
Miss Rosalie E. Bauerle
Mrs. Lillian C. Yale .
Housekeeper. Librarian and Postmistress.
Mrs. Emma Joslin.
Cottage Matron.
Mrs. J. B. Brown.
66
Miss Josephine Swartz
Miss Elizabeth McDonald
66
Miss Sara Collins. .
Mrs. L. A. Underwood.
Mrs. Mollie M. Fowler .
Miss Katherine Bloom
Miss Phoebe Russell.
Miss Hattie Tedrick.
Mrs. Lenora Dunspaugh
Mrs. Laura J. Ballard.
66
66
Miss Elizabeth Faris.
Mrs. Anna M. Dunbar
Miss Jennie Baumgardner
Mrs. Grace S. Meyer.
66
Miss Kathryn Collins
Miss Julia Dimmitt.
66
Miss Carrie Koogle
66
Mrs. Sallie Pierce.
66
Miss Carrie Cline.
-
66
66
Miss Bertha A. Welch.
Miss Margaret Leech.
Mrs. Emma B. Weaver
Miss Kathleen Wetmore
Mrs. Marjie Early
Miss Juliette H. Boal
Miss Harriet Wetmore
.
66
1
Miss Techla E. Hess.
Mrs. Emily Gilbert
Mrs. Cassie R. Preston.
66
Supply Cottage Matron. Assistant Cottage Matron. Assistant Cottage Matron.
66
66
Miss Jennie B. Nesbitt.
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY.
I N 1878 the legislature passed "An act to reorganize and change the name of the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College and to re- peal certain acts therein mentioned." The act provided that the in- stitution should be thereafter designated as "The Ohio State University." Up to this time but one appropriation had been made by the State for the support of the institution. With the reorganization came the larger and broader view of the State's relation to public education, and since that time the Ohio State University has shared with other public educa- tional institutions a more generous support by the State.
The governing body of the institution is a Board of Trustees, ap- pointed by the Governor of the State and confirmed by the Senate, for terms of seven years as provided in the law organizing the University. The original endowment has been supplemented, and the objects of the University promoted, by a permanent annual grant from the United States, under an act of 1890, by special appropriations of the General Assembly; and in 1891, by a permanent annual grant from the State, which grant was doubled by the legislature of 1896. In accordance with the spirit of law under which it is organized, the University aims to furnish ample facilities for education in the liberal and industrial arts, the sciences and the languages, and for thorough technical and profession- al study of agriculture, engineering in its various departments, veterin- ary medicine, pharmacy and law. Through the aid which has been re- ceived from the United States and from the State, it is enabled to offer its privileges, with a slight charge for incidental expenses, to all persons of either sex who are qualified for admission.
The University is situated within the corporate limits of the city of Columbus, two miles north of the Union depot, and about three miles from the State Capitol. The University grounds consist of three hundred and forty-five acres, bounded east and west by High Street, and the Olentangy river, respectively. The western portion, about 235 acres, is devoted to agricultural and horticultural purposes, and is under the management of the College of Agriculture and Domestic Science. The castern portion is occupied by the principal University buildings, campus, athletic and drill grounds, a park-like meadow, and a few acres of primi- tive forest.
The grounds are laid out with care, ornamented with trees, shrubs and flower beds; and are so managed as to illustrate the instruction in
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THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
Ohio State University.
Botany, Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape Gardening and Floriculture.
The University has eighteen buildings devoted to instruction, one Boiler House, one Power House, two Dormitories, six residences, and some farm buildings. These buildings represent an investment for con- struction of about eight hundred thousand dollars. The equipment and apparatus amount to about one hundred and seventy thousand dollars. The land now occupied as a site with the farm is valued at one million five hundred thousand dollars.
The Ohio State University is divided into six colleges, as follows :
(I.) The College of Agriculture and Domestic Science consists of those departments represented in the course leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, Bachelor of Science in Horticul- ture and Forestry, and Bachelor of Science in Domestic Economy, and in the Course in Dairying.
(2.) The College of Arts, Philosophy and Science consists of those departments represented in the courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Philosophy, and Bachelor of Science; and in the Courses Preparatory to Law and to Journalism.
(3.) The College of Engineering consists of those departments represented in the courses leading to the degrees of Civil Engineer, En- gineer of Mines, Engineer of Mines and Ceramics, Mechanical Engineer, Mechanical Engineer in Electrical Engineering, and Bachelor of Science in Industrial Arts, Bachelor of Science in Chemistry or in Metallurgy ; in the Course of Architecture, in the Short Course in Clay-Working and Ceramics, and in the Short Course in Mining.
(4.) The College of Law consists of those departments represented in the course leading to the degree of Bachelor of Laws.
(5.) The College of Pharmacy consists of those departments repre- sented in the courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy, and in the Short Course in Pharmacy.
(6.) The College of Veterinary Medicine consists of those depart- ments represented in the course leading to the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, and to a certificate of Veterinary Surgeon.
Each college is under the direction of its own Faculty, which has power to act in all matters pertaining to the work of students in that col- lege.
922
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
Ohio State University.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES, 1905-1906.
Name.
Residence.
Term Expires.
Oscar T. Corson.
Columbus.
May 13, 1906.
David M. Massie
Chillicothe
May 13, 1907.
John T. Mack ..
Sandusky.
May 13, 1908.
Guy W. Mallon
Cincinnati
May 13, 1910.
O. E. Bradfute.
Cedarville.
May 13, 1911.
Frank A. Derthick
Mantua.
Frank E. Pomerene
Coshocton
May 13, 1909. May 13, 1912.
OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. -
Name.
Office.
Guy W. Mallon F. E. Pomerene. Carl E. Steeb. Louis F. Kiesewetter
President. Vice-President. Secretary. Treasurer.
COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD.
Executive.
Farm.
Finance.
Guy W. Mallon, F. E. Pomerene, O. T. Corson.
F. A. Derthick, Oscar T. Corson, O. E. Bradfute.
D. M. Massie, Guy W. Mallon, John T. Mack.
FACULTY AND COURSE OF STUDY.
John T. Mack
· F. A. Derthick
Guy W. Mallon
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS.
Name.
Office.
W. O. Thompson. Homer C. Price . Jos. V. Denny Frank A. Ray Jos. H. Outhwaite.
Geo. B. Kauffman.
D. S. White . Edwin B. Stevens .. Olive Jones.
President. Dean of Agriculture. Dean Arts Philosophy Science. Dean Engineering: Dean Law. Dean Pharmacy. Dean Veterinary Medicine. Secretary of Faculty. Librarian.
THE OHIO UNIVERSITY.
T HE history of the Ohio University antedates that of the State of Ohio nearly two decades. The ordinance providing for its existence and support was passed by Congress, acting under the "Articles of Confederation," July 13, 1787, in the city of New York. The leading spirit in the movement was Manasseh Cutler, a native of Connecticut, and a graduate of Yale of the class of 1765. In accordance with the spirit of his time he proposed to endow an institu- tion for higher education with a grant of land. As there was a super- abundance of land, and as the country was pretty sure to fill up rapidly, such an endowment was supposed to be the most stable and almost sure to increase greatly in value. The history of many land grants for educa- tion shows, however, that while the expectation of increase in value has realized, the increase rarely accrued to the pecuniary advantage of the beneficiary. To this general statement the Ohio University forms no ex- ception.
Among the ordinances enacted for the Northwest Territory, there was one providing that "no more than two complete townships should be given perpetually for the purpose of a University, to be laid off by the purchaser or purchasers as near the center as may be (so that the same shall be of good land), to be applied to the intended object by the Legis- lature of the State." In 1795 the lands to be devoted to the support of the University were located. The townships were numbers eight and nine in the fourteenth range, now Athens and Alexander in Athens county. The first families removed to them in 1797, and settled near the present · site of the town of Athens, the seat of the University. Two years later the Territorial Legislature appointed three commissioners "to lay off in the most suitable place within the township, a town plat, which should contain a square for the college; also, lots suitable for house-lots and gardens for a president, professors, tutors, etc., bordering on, or en- circled by spacious commons, and such a number of town lots adjoining the said commons and out-lots as they think will be for the advantage of the University."
In the same year Dr. Cutler sent his draft of an act of incorporation for the University. In this draft he said among other things, "Forty or fifty thousand dollars cannot be too high, as it must be applied to one of the most useful and important purposes to society and government." Passing over some intermediate legislation, we find that the General
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924
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio University.
Assembly of the new State that had just been admitted to the Union, passed, in 1804, an act of which Section I gave to the institution its present name, the Ohio University, and defined its object to be "the in- struction of youth in all the various branches of liberal arts and sciences, the promotion of good education, virtue, religion, and morality, and the conferring of all the degrees and literary honors granted in similar in- stitutions."
Section 2 provided for the corporate existence of a Board of Trus- tees. Section 2 also provided "for the subdivision of college lands into tracts of not less than eighty acres nor more than one hundred and forty acres; the valuation of them by three disinterested and judicious free- holders as in their original and unimproved state, and the leasing of the same for the term of ninety years, renewable forever, on a yearly rent of six per centum of the amount of the valuation so made by the said freeholders ; and the land so leased shall be subject to a revaluation at the expiration of thirty-five years, and to another revaluation at the expira- tion of sixty years, from the commencement of the term of each lease, which revaluation shall be conducted and made on the principles of the first, and the lessee shall pay a yearly rent of six per centum on the amount of the valuation so to be made; and forever thereafter at a yearly rent equal to and not exceeding six per centum of the amount of a valua- tion, to be made as aforesaid at the expiration of the term of ninety years aforesaid. * Provided, always, That the corporation shall have power to demand a further yearly rent on the said lands and tenements, not exceeding the amount of tax imposed on property of like description by the State."
The first building was erected on the northeast side of the present campus and known as the "Academy." It was of wood and has long since been torn down. The first building for collegiate purposes proper was put up in 1817. This is therefore the oldest structure of the kind in the entire Northwest, if not west of the Alleghenies. It is three stories high above the basement, and though somewhat remodeled twenty years ago, is substantially the original building and is still in use. Twenty years later two additional buildings, also of brick, were put up.
In 1881, what was for a time known as the "Chapel Building" was crected and subsequently removed to its present site to make room for Ewing Hall, one of the largest of the University buildings. The Normal College Building is located about sixty-five feet from the west side of University Terrace and faces the east. Among other things held in mind in planning this building were its fitness for the work to be done in it, its sanitary and hygienic conditions, its fire-resisting quality, its safety in construction, and its architectural design showing art, culture, and re-
925
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio University.
finement. The main or central portion of the building was completed at a cost of $46,913.17, the contract price-there being no extras.
The new Library Building, now in course of construction, will be ready for occupancy January 1, 1905. The contract price is $32,311.17. Ample means for furnishing the building, when completed, are avail- able.
Though the University was chartered in 1804, no instruction was given until 1809. In June, 1808, the Board laid out a course of instruc- tion which embraced "the English, Latin and Greek languages, mathemat- ics, rhetoric, logic, geography, natural and moral philosophy." One year later when the school was formally opened but three students presented themselves. This is not surprising when we consider the sparseness of population and the poverty of the newcomers on the soil of Ohio. It seemed a paradoxical scheme to establish a university before preparatory schools had been provided, yet this has been the history of education from the remotest times-the higher has always preceded the lower, though the latter did not always appear.
For some years the university had but one instructor, the Rev. Jacob Lindley, a graduate of Princeton. In 1812 Artemas Sawyer, a graduate of Harvard, was added as a second teacher, and six years later a third was added.
The first graduate was Thomas Ewing, who was probably the first person to receive a college diploma in all Western America. This docu- ment was dated 1815. The distinguished subsequent career of Mr. Ewing is well known. It is identified not only with the history of Ohio, but with that of the nation. -
The increase in student attendance at the Summer School has been very marked. It may be seen from the following statistical statement:
Years.
Enrollment.
61
1899
65
1900
102
1901
238
1902
423
1904
557
1905
650
1906
656
1903
The revenues of the University were at first very small, but they would in time have increased to a respectable sum as the two townships above named contain nearly fifty thousand acres. Unfortunately the legislature interfered to prevent the revaluation of its lands, notwithstand- ing the decisions of the various courts, so that the income from the rent duplicate is and will remain at less than thirty-five hundred dollars per annum. This legislative Act of 1843 dealt the University a blow from
926
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio University.
which it has never fully recovered. The loss of revenue it caused may be estimated by the following statement :
According to the decennial appraisement of 1900, the value of the land was, exclusive of improvements and inclusive of roadbeds of rail- roads, $1,356,615.00. Six per cent. of this amount would give an annual income of $81,376.90.
Toward the close of the seventies the legislature began to make annual appropriations for the support of the University, and in 1896 en- acted the so-called "Sleeper Bill," which gives it an annual revenue of over thirty-five thousand dollars.
At the regular session of the General Assembly of Ohio held in 1902 H. B. No. 369-Mr. Seese-became a law. Its provisions place upon the authorities of the Ohio University at Athens and the Miami Uni- versity, at Oxford, the duty of organizing "at their respective institu- tions a normal school which shall be co-ordinate with existing courses of instruction and shall be maintained in such a state of efficiency as to provide theoretical and practical training for all students desiring to pre- pare themselves for the work of teaching."
The act further provides for a levy upon the grand list of the taxable property of the State of one-thirtieth of one mill upon each dollar of the valuation of such taxable property. This levy produces an annual in- come of $65,000, which is divided between the Ohio University and the Miami University in the ratio of seven to five.
Acting in conformity with statutory provisions, the board of trustees of Ohio University, on March 25, 1902, declared by resolution its pur- pose to establish and maintain "The Normal College of Ohio University," and to provide the necessary teaching force, buildings and equipment therefor at the earliest practicable date.
With the opening of the fall term of the University, September 9, 1902, the State Normal College began its existence, with a corps of capable instructors, tentative courses of study and an encouraging student attendance. Since the date of opening not less than 1,000 persons have received some kind of instruction in the college. Surely the wisdom of the establishment of such an agency for the better training of persons for effective service in the public schools is in rapid process of vindication.
Though the college has been giving instruction from 1809 under the charge successively of Rev. Jacob Lindley and Rev. James Irvine, its first president, as he is usually designated, was not elected until 1824, when Robert G. Wilson, a native of North Carolina, and a graduate of Dickinson College, was chosen to fill the position. His successor was the well known Dr. William H. McGuffey. For a few years, dating from 1845, owing to financial embarrassments, the institution was closed,
927
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio University.
but in 1848 it was re-opened under the presidency of Dr. Alfred Ryors. Dating from 1852, Dr. Solomon Howard was president for twenty years, and was succeeded by Dr. W. H. Scott. From 1883 to 1901, Dr. Charles W. Super was at the head of the institution with the exception of two years, 1896-1898, when the position was held by Dr. Isaac Crook. The term of the present incumbent began July 18, 1901.
PRESIDENTS OF OHIO UNIVERSITY.
Name.
Date of Service.
Rev. Jacob Lindley, A. M.
1808-1822
Rev. James Irvine, A. M .. .
1822-1824
Rev. Robert G. Wilson, D.D ..
1824-1839
Rev. Wm. H. McGuffey, D.D., LL.D
1839-1843
Rev. Alfred Ryors, D.D., LL. D.
1843-1852
Rev. Solomon Howard, D.D., LL.D
1852-1872
Rev. William H. Scott, A.M., LL.D.
1872-1883
Charles W. Super, Ph.D., LL.D
1883-1896
Rev. Isaac Crook, D.D., LL.D.
1896-1898
Charles W. Super, Ph.D., LL.D
1898-1901
Alston Ellis, Ph.D., LL.D.
1901
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Name.
Residence.
When Appointed.
Hon. George W. Boyce.
Cincinnati.
1875
Hon. V. C. Lowry.
Logan.
1885
R. E. Hamblin ..
Toledo.
1890
C. C. Davidson, A. M.
Alliance
1891
Prof. A. Leue, Ph. D
Cincinnati
1891
Hon. Lucien J. Fenton.
Winchester.
1892
J. E. Benson
Cleveland.
1892
E. J. Jones, Esq.
Athens
1893
J. M. Welch, Esq ..
Athens
1895
J. P. Wood, Esq.
Athens
1896
F. C. Whiley .
Lancaster
1896
Hon. Albert Douglas.
Chillicothe
1897
Hon. H. W. Coultrap.
McArthur.
1897
Thomas Blackstone, M. D.
Circleville.
1898
T. R. Biddle, M. D.
Athens
1900
Henry O'Bleness
Athens
1901
J. B. Foraker, Jr
Cincinnati
1903
James E. Kinnison
Jackson .. .
1906
Hon. John T. Duff
Newcomerstown
1906
Ex-Officio.
Governor Andrew L. Harris
President Alston Ellis.
Ex-Officio.
928
THE BIOGRAPHICAL ANNALS OF OHIO.
The Ohio University.
OFFICERS OF THE BOARD.
Name.
Office.
Alston Ellis H. H. Haning. Israel M. Foster.
President. Treasurer. Secretary & Auditor.
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS.
Name.
Office.
Alston Ellis.
President. Dean College Liberal Arts.
Charles Wm. Super.
Henry G. Williams .
Dean State Normal College.
Eli Dunkle . .
Registrar.
Charles M. Copeland.
Principal Commercial College.
James Pryor Mc Vey.
Director College of Music.
David J. Evans.
William Hoover.
Professor of Latin. Professor of Mathematics.
Albert A. Atkinson.
Professor of Physics.
Wm. B. Bentley
Professor of Chemistry.
Wm. F. Mercer
Professor of Biology.
Edwin W. Chubb
Professor of English.
Henry W. Elson
Professor of History and Political Econ- omy.
Frederick Treudley.
Professor of Philosophy and Sociology.
Oscar Chrisman.
Professor of Psychology.
Edwin Tausch .
Professor of Modern Languages.
Frank P. Bachman.
Professor of Principles of Education.
Edson M. Mills.
Professor of Mathematics.
Hiram Roy Wilson
Professor of English.
James C. Jones
Director of Athletics.
:
MIAMI UNIVERSITY.
G REAT institutions grow. They are not born in a day. It is a part and a privilege of an American to feel a pride in America's historic foundations and institutions. In the document under which the great northwest territory was settled, we read: "Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall for- ever be encouraged." This sentence is the foundation of the educational policy of the states formed out of this territory. The John Cleves Symmes purchase in southwestern Ohio, like the other grants made under this ordinance, laid permanently the foundation for higher education. Out of this land grant grew Miami University. The trust was given to the State of Ohio and accepted in 1803, and by means of legislative action buildings were erected and the school opened in 1816 as a preparatory school, and in 1824 as a college. The first class was graduated in 1826. Under the stimulus of the land grant, the spirit of the ordinance of 1787, the co-operation of the State and the rapid settlement of Miami County, the college flourished and soon became the most renowned west of the Alleghenies. The early settlers believing in the value of college educa- tion sent their sons there. These young men later became the men of affairs and took an active interest in every form of public life. During the war of the rebellion, Miami's graduates, almost to a man, were found enlisted or engaged in some form of public service. Many of these men are still hard at work, so that it has been said that Miami has more prominent men among her alumni than any other western college. A strong American sentiment permeates the every vein of the Miami student or graduate. Miami has been pre-eminently, in her history, a college of public spirit. The student catches the spirit of patriotic devotion to the public welfare as a duty, and the graduate feels that he owes something to his country. College spirit has always been identical with a high idea of citizenship.
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