USA > Ohio > The biographical cyclopaedia and portrait gallery with an historical sketch of the state of Ohio. Volume II > Part 63
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State. Removing subsequently to New York, where he be- came a prominent lawyer, he acted as second for his friend Alexander Hamilton, (in the fatal duel fought by him with Aaron Burr in 1804,) and died in Hyde Park, October 2Ist, 1821. Having passed his childhood and boyhood in New York, the subject of this sketch entered and received his education at Columbia College, after which he adopted the profession of law. During the last war between the United States and Great Britain, however, he joined the army as a second lieutenant of artillery, and served for some time as aide-de-camp of General Gaines, resigning his commission May Ist, 1816. Having already been admitted to the bar of New York, he removed to Ohio in 1818, was admitted to the bar at Chillicothe, and settled at Cincinnati in November of that year, where he at once began the practice of his profes- sion. His ability as a lawyer was at once recognized, and as early as May, 1819, upon the organization of Cincinnati un- der its charter as a city, he had already become sufficiently prominent to be chosen for the position of city attorney. He performed the duties of this office until December, 1822, when he was succeeded by the late Bellamy Storer. In 1825, he was elected to the Ohio senate, and reelected in 1827. He served as a member and was president of the city coun- cil of Cincinnati in 1832 and 1833, when he devoted himself to securing the health of the city, the great flood and the cholera having been very destructive at that period. He was selected in 1840, from among such competitors as Nathaniel Wright, Nathan Guilford, George P. Torrence, and Oliver M. Spencer, as the whig candidate for Congress, and was elected during the great Harrison campaign, defeating in a close contest Dr. Alexander Duncan, a strong democratic candi- date. Having served as a representative in Congress a sin .. gle term-during which he was a member of the military committee-he did not again accept of public office. He was a man of marked character, unbending will, great ten- acity of purpose, and uncommon ability; but his tastes henceforth led him to the repose of domestic life, and kept him out of the arena in which he was every way calculated to excel. Many years before his death he ceased the practice of his profession, and devoted the remainder of his life chiefly to the education of his large family, the care of his estate, and the social duties of a good citizen. During the latter half of his life he was an earnest and active mem- ber of the Protestant Episcopal church, and during many years a lay delegate to its State and general conventions. For some time before his death he acted as warden of Christ church, Cincinnati; and in a sermon preached by Rev. King- ston Goddard, its rector, on the occasion of his death, it was said of Mr. Pendleton : "From the time when in early life he entered the army until his powers were paralyzed by the hand of disease, he set an example of activity, energy, in- dustry and unblemished purity that might well command the respect of all who admire worth and esteem virtue-' what his hand found to do, he did with all his might.'" In all ef- forts to promote the growth of a common Christianity, he earnestly united, both as a member of the church at large and in the individual congregation to which he belonged. Mr. Pendleton was twice married. His first wife, whom he married in May, 1820, was Jane Frances, daughter of Jesse Hunt, one of the earliest settlers of Cincinnati. She died in June, 1839, leaving six children : Susan L., wife of R. B. Bowler; Martha E., wife of A. S. Dandridge; Anna P., wife of Rev. N. H. Schenck, now rector of St. Anne's Church,
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Brooklyn; George H., who married Alice Key; Elliot H., who married Emma Gaylord ; and Nathaniel, who died un- married in 1862. His second wife, was Anne James, of Chillicothe, whom he married in 1841, and who survives him. His children by this last marriage were Charlotte and Ed- mund H., who married Margaret Hetzel.
SCOTT, JESUP W., pioneer, editor and statistician, was born in Fairfield county, Connecticut, in 1798, and died Decem- ber 23d, 1873, at Toledo, Ohio. His father and his ancestors for many generations were farmers. His early life was beset with many difficulties in obtaining even an elementary edu- cation; but these he surmounted by his ardor and industry in the pursuit of knowledge. At the age of fifteen, he was able to engage successfully in the occupation of teaching a district school; and by devoting his leisure hours to study, he prepared himself in a few years to enter the junior class at Union college. But the poverty of his father having ex- cluded him from the hopes of collegiate honors, he resolved, at the age of twenty, to move to South Carolina, where two of his cousins, who were eminent physicians, were located. Under their instruction he commenced studying medicine ; but subsequently secured a position as teacher in the Rich- mond Academy, at Augusta, Georgia. Here he studied law. He was admitted to the bar of Georgia at the age of twenty- three, and soon afterward opened a law office at Chester, South Carolina. In 1824, he visited his native State, and married Miss Susan Wakeman, of Southport, Connecticut, with whom he returned in a chaise from New York all the way to Lexington, South Carolina, where he settled and soon afterward formed a partnership in law practice with John Bolton O'Neal, a distinguished lawyer and politician. In a short time afterward, he began his career as a public writer and journalist, as editor of the Columbia Telescope. This was about the time when South Carolina nearly came in col- lision with the United States government by her intemperate assumption of "States Rights." In the several discussions between the advocates of state rights and the adherents of the national government, Mr. Scott was always with the latter; and this course soon put an end to his connection with the paper, which was controlled by persons of opposite principles and sympathies. The same political storms also clouded his prospects in the practice of law; and he felt more seriously the effects of his unpopularity, after the dissolution of his partnership with Mr. O'Neal, who was chosen State judge. Under such circumstances, he closed his law office and ac- cepted an appointment as teacher in the State Female Col- lege at Columbia. He then devoted himself to study and speculative inquiries. The great migratory movements at- tracted his attention and became a study with him; the geo- graphical range of great cities, and the natural causes which concentrate wealth and population in certain local- ities, began to engross his attention; and he finally con- cluded that somewhere in the great basins of the Mis- sissippi and the lakes the densest population and the greatest cities of the continent and the world would grow up. These conclusions had a predominant influence on the course which he pursued when, to avoid the tumult of sec- tional prejudice, he determined to leave the southern states and cast his lot among the pioneers of the northwest. Not- withstanding the hopes which Cincinnati, St. Louis, and other river cities gave of future prosperity, he resolved to settle near the shores of Lake Erie. In this he was favored
by the assistance of his father-in-law, Jesup Wakeman, who was wealthy, and owned extensive tracts of land in Huron county. In 1830, he moved to Florence, Huron county, and in less than a year afterward he commenced a monthly journal entitled The Ohio and Michigan Register and Emi- grant's Guide. The paper soon obtained a considerable cir- culation, and afforded him the first means of promulgating his doctrines on the development of internal trade and the growth of great cities. Of a tour of exploration which he made along the Maumee river in 1832, an interesting report is given in " Knapp's History of the Maumee Valley." After a careful examination of many localities, he purchased at the rate of fifteen dollars an acre, a tract of seventy acres of land now embraced in the central part of Toledo, and containing some of the most important public buildings of the city. In 1833, he removed to Perrysburg, where in concert with his brother-in-law, Henry Darling, he commenced a paper en- titled The Miami of Lake Erie. At this period the tide of land speculation rose to an extraordinary height ; confidence and credit were unbounded. The lands upon the navigable shores of the Maumee were nearly all laid out in prospect- ive cities, and city lots were staked out in the unbroken for- ests. Mr. Scott was seized with the speculative enthusiasm of the day, but invested with more than the average fore- sight. Wealthy gentlemen and graduates of colleges came from the east in great numbers, to seek their fortunes in northwestern Ohio. Mrs. Scott was a fine pianist, and the company entertained in the log house in those few years of speculative exhilaration was composed largely of the élite of the country. The increase in the value of Mr. Scott's pur- chases was so rapid that, from a mere pittance in 1833, his property in 1836 was estimated at $400,000. He now began to look on the western wilderness as no proper theatre for the enjoyment of his riches. He accordingly returned to the east, and, concluding to make Bridgeport, Connecticut, his home, purchased a beautiful residence on Golden Hill in that town. But the great financial crash of 1837, which swept over the country, overtook Mr. Scott. He was compelled to sell his Bridgeport mansion, to restrict his style of living within a more economical range, and to retire again to the valley of the Maumee. Here his economy and foresight met with their reward, and the real estate which he had saved from the great financial wreck, without the aid of bankrupt laws, became the nucleus of an eventual competence. He resided at Maumee from 1837 to 1844. During this time he studied thoroughly the principles of internal trade; and many able papers on the subject were contributed by him to the Hesperian, an able monthly magazine then published at Columbus, Ohio, while many similar communications from his pen were also published in Hunt's Merchant's Maga- zine, of New York, and DeBow's Review, of New Orleans. So great was his fame as a commercial statistician, even as early as 1841, that he was visited by a committee of the Canadian parliament for information respecting the probable business of the canals then projected between the lower St. Lawrence and Lakes Ontario and Erie. In the winter of 1843-4, he accepted the position of editor of the Toledo Blade ; and soon after moved to Toledo and purchased an interest in the paper from A. W. Fairbanks, its proprietor. During the period that he was at the head of the Blade his writings in and out of the paper, especially those pertaining to the development of internal trade and all the modern agencies that control its movements, were marked by ability
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that was widely recognized. The Blade was then " Whig " in politics, and Mr. Scott was strongly wedded to his party and attached to its leaders ; but his experience in South Car- olina had made him very determined in his opposition to the dictatorial spirit of the slave power, and his paper was very effective in arousing a spirit of resistance to it; more, how- ever, from a political than from a philanthropical standpoint. After a few years his connection with the paper ended and he sold back his interest to Mr. Fairbanks. In 1849, owing to the health of his family, he changed his abode to Adrian, Michigan, where he continued three years. While residing in this place, he kept up his contributions on his favorite subjects, for Hunt's Magazine and for the New York Even- ing Post. In 1853, he returned to Toledo and speculated actively in city real estate. His confidence in the high des- tiny of this city was very great. The last literary enterprise of his life was the publication of a pamphlet of forty pages, entitled " The Future Great City of the World," embodying the views which he had set forth on the subject in his pre- vious writings. The following extract from its opening pages is the key to all his argument : "I shall assume that a city is an organism, springing from natural laws as naturally as any other organism, and governed invariably in its origin and growth by these laws." In this work he ably discusses the manner in which physical, political and moral causes accelerate or retard the growth of cities. This publication obtained a wide circulation and has attracted great atten- tion. During his later years, Mr. Scott became anxious to do some public work for the benefit of the city in which his sympathies and his hopes were concentrated. In con- sultation with his family and a few friends, he projected an industrial university and phonetic college, donating for the purpose by deed of trust, 150 acres in the city of Toledo. This donation founded the Toledo University of Arts and Trades, which was organized under the general laws of Ohio for the incorporation of colleges and universities. Mr. Scott did not, however, live to see this institution in operation. He died in the midst of his family, in the seventy-fifth year of his age, and was buried in the Forest cemetery, Toledo. The issue of Mr. Scott's marriage with Miss Wakeman was three sons.
SHERMAN, JOHN, United States Senator from Ohio, was born at Lancaster, Ohio, March 10th, 1823. When sixteen years old he left school, and, placed under the care and in- struction of Colonel Samuel R. Curtis, the resident engineer of the Muskingum improvement, then so-called, he studied the business of a civil engineer two years. Then Colonel Curtis was by the democratic legislature removed from office, and his pupil went into the office of his brother, Charles T. Sherman, then a practicing lawyer in Mansfield, and began the study of law. Three years afterward, being admitted to practice, he went into partnership with his brother, and soon achieved the reputation of being an honest, laborious,
accepting the nomination for the then thirteenth district, he was elected to Congress, greatly to his own surprise. In the Thirty-fourth Congress he began that career in which he has proven himself especially fitted for the duties of a financial statesman. Returned to the Thirty-fifth Congress he served as chairman of the naval investigating committee, which exposed the complicity of Buchanan and his Secretary of the Navy in the interests of the slave-holding States. A third time returned, in the Thirty-sixth Congress he was the repub- lican candidate for speaker, and through a long series of ballotings lacked but one or two votes of being elected, but finally, to end the "dead-lock" had his name withdrawn. At once made chairman of the ways and means committee, he thus became leader of the House, and in this position he framed the Morrill tariff. In reply to a speech made by Mr. George H. Pendleton in 1861, Mr. Sherman prophecied the inevitable destruction of the institution of slavery, as the result of the threatened civil war. Elected for the fourth time to Congress, the appointment by President Lincoln of Mr. Chase to his cabinet as Secretary of the Treasury made a vacancy to which Mr. Sherman was immediately elected, and taking his seat in the United States Senate in March, 1861, held the same until his appointment in March, 1877, by Pres- ident Hayes to the Secretaryship of the Treasury. At once on taking his seat in the Senate in 1861, he was appointed to the Senate committee of Finance, and as its chairman, in December 1862, he introduced the National banking bill, and in January following he made a speech in its favor, and against the State banking system, so effective as to largely influence the passage of the National banking law. In the second session of the Thirty-ninth Congress, he proposed a substitute for the reconstruction bill that finally became a law. In the Fortieth Congress he was reappointed chairman of the Senate finance committee, and directed legislation that eventually led to the passage of the act of 1870, under which the six per cent war bonds have been wholly refunded. In 1875 he reported the resumption bill that became a law in 1876, and, as Secretary of the Treasury, was in position to direct its consummation in the most satisfactory manner, in the face of the most rabid schemes for its repeal by the oppo- sition party in Congress. At first, in 1878, unfavorable to the passage of the bill to coin silver dollars to the extent of not less than two millions nor more than four millions a month, as soon as he perceived the advantage this coinage would be to the consummation of resumption, he earnestly engaged in the administration of the law, and removed every impedi- ment to its successful operation within his reach. Upon the resignation of General James A. Garfield, who had been elected Senator by the Legislature of Ohio, to serve from the 4th of March, 1881, in order to enter upon the Presidency, Mr. Sherman was chosen in his place. He is one of the leading members of the United States Senate, and few have had a larger experience or a more extended term of service. Identified for nearly thirty years in Congress and as Secre- tary of the Treasury with public finance, and laws for the regulation of banking and the best disposition of the public securities, Mr. Sherman may properly be now accorded po- sition as authority on these subjects.
thoroughly able and remarkably successful lawyer. During the subsequent years he took an equally active part in poli- tics, not because he expected office, for he was an ardent whig, while the district was strongly democratic, but from pure love of the excitement occasioned by exercise in the political arena. In 1848 and subsequently in 1852, he was a WARNOCK, WILLIAM R., Common Pleas Judge, is a native of Urbana, Ohio, and belongs to one of the pioneer families of the city. He is a son of Rev. David and Sarah delegate to the Whig National convention, and in the latter year was chosen a Presidential elector. In 1854 he labored earnestly in opposition to the extension of slave territory, and i Warnock, and the grandson of Rev. Samuel Hitt, who in the
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year 1809 settled on a farm which is now within the corpo- rate limits of Urbana. Judge Warnock was born at Urbana, August 29th, 1838. By teaching and other employments he secured an education at the Ohio Wesleyan University, at Delaware, where he was graduated in 1861. He then com- menced the study of law with Judge Ichabod Corwin, and continued in his office a few months, when feeling the claims of his country to be supreme, he recruited a company, and was commissioned as captain, in July, 1862, and assigned to the 95th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After one year's service he was made major of the regiment, and for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Nashville, in December, 1864, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and assigned to duty as chief of staff for the Eastern District of the Mississippi, in which position he served till August, 1865, when he was mustered out of the service. During his army service he was slightly wounded in the right ear, and at an- other time, while making a charge with his regiment on a rebel battery, he had a horse killed under him. During the three years and two months of his service he was never absent from his regiment, except on a short leave of twenty days, and participated in every march, skirmish, and battle in which his regiment was engaged. At the close of the war he returned to Urbana, and resumed his law studies with Judge Corwin, and was admitted to the bar in May, 1866. He opened an office, and began the practice of law in Urbana, forming a partnership with George M. Eichel- berger, Esq. They soon built up a large and profitable practice, and continued as partners till Mr. Warnock was elected to the bench, in 1879. He held the office of Prose- cuting Attorney from 1868 to 1872, during which time there were an unusually large number of very important criminal cases, in all of which he successfully and acceptably repre- sented the State. In the fall of 1875 he was elected to represent the district in the Ohio Senate, and served in that body during the years 1876-7. While there he was a mem- ber of the two most important committees-those on Judici- ary and Corporations-and took an active part in molding and shaping the legislation of those two years. When Gov- ernor Hayes was about to leave Columbus to go to Washing- ton to be inaugurated as President of the United States, the General Assembly of Ohio tendered the President-elect a farewell reception, and to Mr. Warnock was unanimously accorded the high honor of making the farewell address on that occasion on behalf of the Senate. He married, August 20th, 1868, Miss Kate Murray, of Clark County. They have three children. Mr. and Mrs. Warnock are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Warnock was a delegate from the Cincinnati Conference to the General Con- ference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, held at Balti- more, in 1876. Judge Warnock is a Republican, and previous to his being on the bench was an active and influential pol- itician. He is regarded as an able lawyer, well versed in the intricacies of the law, and as a jury advocate is one of the most successful members of the Urbana bar. Being a man of fine presence, and an earnest, clear, fluent, and logical speaker, he has great weight with a jury, carrying conviction to the minds of his hearers, and convincing them that his conclusions are correct and unassailable. He is at all times courteous in debate, cogent and logical in argu- ment, and always fearless and faithful in the trial of a case. Since donning the judicial ermine he has demonstrated that he is a wise and impartial jurist, and his decisions have given
general satisfaction, being always founded on the law, and the evidence in each case is carefully weighed, and his de- ductions logically arrived at, making his charge to the jury plain and easily understood. He is well liked by the bar of his circuit, and when off the bench is an affable gentle- man, whom to know is to admire, and he is respected wher- ever known.
CROUSE, GEORGE W., bank president, and president of the firm of Aultman, Miller & Co., manufacturers of ma- chines for reaping and mowing, at Akron, Summit County, Ohio, was born at Tallmadge, in the same county, November 23d, 1832. His paternal grandfather was a Revolutionary sol- dier, and his father, George Crouse, was a native of Pennsyl- vania, as also was his mother, Margaret H. Robinson, the for- mer being of German and the latter of Irish descent. The early life of our subject was spent on a farm, during which he obtained such education as at the age of sixteen years enabled him to engage as a teacher, and which occupation he followed during the five subsequent years. But neither farming nor country school teaching satisfied this ambitious youth. About this time the county treasurer of his native county requiring an assistant, chose Mr. Crouse as his deputy. The duties of this position, which he entered upon November 15th, 1855, were such as he having a peculiar fitness for, took pleasure „in, and the county auditor having also made him his deputy, he performed the duties of both positions for the space of three years, and in which time he became so familiar with them, and had also extended his acquaintance so favorably that, in the autumn of 1858, he was elected county auditor. Having held this office during the two following years, he was then reelected, but before the expiration of his second term, a vacancy occurred in the office of county treasurer, and which he was by the county commissioners appointed to fill. This led to the resignation of his office as auditor. His conduct in these offices had become known to the people of the county so favorably that the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad having been completed as far as Akron, and the company desiring a responsible agent at that point, Mr. Crouse was solicited to accept the position, and did so. While attending to the duties of his new engagement, he also conducted the business of his county office with care and efficiency. The firm of C. Aultman & Co., having de- termined to build a branch at Akron, of their manufactory, they offered the financial management of it to Mr. Crouse, and his connection with this business began about the 20th of August, 1863. Cooperating with J. R. Buchtel, he super- intended the erection of the buildings while attending wholly to the financial management of this establishment, known for one year as C. Aultman & Co's branch house; when, in the summer of 1865, it was reorganized as a stock company under the firm name of Aultman, Miller & Co., and of which as a stockholder, Mr. Crouse was elected secretary and treas- urer, which position he held until January Ist, 1883, when he was elected president of the company, his duties being, in brief, to manage its finances and dispose of its goods. The first year of its existence the company manufactured twenty-nine hundred machines. So rapidly did the business increase under the able management of its executive officers, thatin 1883 the machines manufactured were eighteen thousand, and the gross sales amounted to three million dollars. The capital invested is two million dollars, and the business gives employment to eight hundred men. Decidedly successful, this
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