USA > Pennsylvania > Susquehanna County > History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. from a period preceding its settlement to recent times, including the annals and geography of each townshipAlso a sketch of woman's work in the county for the United States sanitary commission, and a list of the soldiers of the national army furnished by many of the townships > Part 1
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75
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GEN
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 01203 8987
13
RE GENEALOGY
Duplicate
GENEALOGY 974.801 SU8B
HISTORY
OF
SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY,
PENNSYLVANIA.
FROM A PERIOD PRECEDING ITS SETTLEMENT TO RECENT TIMES,
INCLUDING
THE ANNALS AND GEOGRAPHY OF EACH TOWNSHIP.
WITH MAPS AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. ALSO, A SKETCH OF WOMAN'S WORK IN THE COUNTY FOR THE UNITED STATES SANITARY COMMISSION, AND A LIST OF THE SOLDIERS OF THE NATIONAL ARMY FURNISHED BY MANY OF THE TOWNSHIPS.
BY EMILY C. BLACKMAN.
PHILADELPHIA: CLAXTON, REMSEN & HAFFELFINGER, 624, 626, AND 628 MARKET STREET. 1873.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by EMILY C. BLACKMAN, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
1
-
PHILADELPHIA : COLLINS, PRINTER, 705 JAYNE STREET.
1127430 PREFACE.
ON the 20th of October, 1868, Miss SARAH M. WALKER of Woodbourne, who had previously urged me to write a history of the Soldiers' Aid Societies of Susquehanna County, sent me a letter renewing the solicitation, and adding: "Or, what is better, write a history of the county and include that of the societies."
That she should think to succeed with the greater when she had failed with the less, and that such a proposition should be made to me-wholly ignorant as I was of the early interests of the county-caused a hearty laugh, and at the time not a second thought. But, during the following night, it occurred to me that the necessary research for an historical work would be congenial employment for my father in his retirement from medical prac- tice, and that I could arrange for publication such material as he might choose.
Within twenty-four hours afterward, we decided to undertake the task, and made out a list of topics which would require atten- tion. The same, but slightly altered, is given in the volume now before the reader. But, owing to the increasing feebleness of my father, the part assumed by him was very early relinquished.
Those subjects, the investigation of which I had deemed a man's province, have received my close attention, and, after re- peated examination of files of newspapers and official records both at Wilkes-Barre and Montrose, have been prepared with less aid from individuals than the township annals, in which I was greatly dependent upon the aged and the descendants of pioneers. Owing to the failing memory of some, and the fact that others were but partially informed on matters I wished to understand, their state- ments were often contradictory. A third version was needed to furnish a key to the first or second, and, when this was not ob-
iv
PREFACE.
tainable, the disputed points have been omitted or different ver- sions noted.
If any pioneer has failed of mention, it must be distinctly understood that none of his descendants have given me notice of him. Such material as was furnished me I have had to condense greatly, especially in revision; but the main points have been preserved as far as justice to all would permit. The sketches which were first received, naturally occupy the most space.
In the annals the townships are given in the order of settle- ment.
Every historical statement made to me I have repeated to the person making it, in order that my apprehension of it might be understood; then, after reducing it to writing, I have read it aloud in his or her presence, and, in addition, sent the manuscript to the township interested, for further criticism. It is believed that accuracy has been obtained as nearly as possible in the thousands of statements given.
It is not only expected, but desired, that the public prints will note any important error; still, should any error of consequence to those only who can readily supply the truth be discovered, private notice of it will be gratifying, since a complete "Errata" given to the public by myself would do justice to all, while a succes- sion of trivial corrections by aggrieved parties might undesignedly cause suspicion of statements which cannot be controverted.
Four years from the day the first prospectus was published, I wrote the last page of the history. The variety of the cares press- ing upon me, added to bereavement and frequent ill health, have made the writing of even one page, at times, the labor of weeks. Still, through all, I have been glad I had this work to do.
To place within easy reference official facts and lists of great local value ; to meet the long-felt want of many persons by con- densing voluminous statements respecting former claims to this section ; but especially, to furnish a record of the pioneers and early interests of the county, as also of its people in the late great crisis of the nation-this has been a service, the calling to which might well evoke gratitude. And yet, to make it a gift is as impossible as it would be insulting to the people whose deeds or whose an- cestors it commemorates.
I have had, probably, little conception of what an historian might
V
PREFACE.
deduce from our records ; still, much space has been given to the family, the farm, the newspaper, and particularly to schools and churches, with the conviction that these have formed the character and secured the prosperity of the people.
The courtesy and hospitality extended to me during my search for material, in this county, in Luzerne, and elsewhere, are grate- fully remembered. The loan of books and of private diaries not only informed the head but kindled the enthusiasm necessary for my labor. For twelve or fourteen days, a horse and wagon were placed at my service. At other times I have had various escort from place to place as the interests of the work demanded ; and now its completed pages remind me of scenery enjoyed, of pleasant interviews, and of valued letters, some of which were penned by the tremulous hand of age.
Nearly seventy persons who contributed material, or otherwise aided me, have since deceased. Except for them, some points must have remained unsettled.
Many persons have furnished far more than the record of their own families, in which case I have endeavored to give them credit in due connection, except as they were understood to decline it.
All the portraits are gifts to the work, as are also several draw- ings and other illustrations, which, with every favor, if space per- mitted, it would be pleasant to designate.
The kind suggestions of several gentlemen and ladies of best authority in the county were of great benefit to me during the progress of the work. When it was nearly completed, and found too voluminous, HENRY D. BIDDLE, Esq., of Philadelphia, offered his assistance in reducing it within the proper compass; and his labor has been invaluable. He had previously assumed the care of the illustrations (three of which are his own contribution), and of the negotiations with publishers, printers, and binders. Aside from the justice of this particular mention, it is gratifying to asso- ciate with such a service to the county, one who for more than twenty years has been a non-resident, but who will be recognized as the son of a former and valued citizen of Montrose.
Publication was greatly facilitated by the liberality of Mrs. HENRY DRINKER, supplemented by that of Mr. Biddle, consequent upon their confidence in the subscribers to the work.
It is regretted that a complete Meteorological Table could not
*
vi
PREFACE.
be given; but, to be satisfactory, it should cover a long period of time, and such a one is not at present obtainable.
Aside from the difficulty of securing scientific lists of the plants and animals of the county, the common names are given in the belief that they will prove more acceptable to the general reader.
By the recent schedule of the State liens upon unpatented lands, it is certain that STOKE, one of the townships of Northumberland County in 1783, and which was annulled by Commissioners of Pennsylvania in 1785, extended into this section, and was prob- ably covered by the warrants of 1784. It may have been a part of the " Manor of Stoke," which was laid out, in 1769, east of the Susquehanna River, as the "Manor of Sunbury" was west of it ; but inquiry at Harrisburg has failed to ascertain its limits.
Hon. J. W. CHAPMAN says :-
"On many of the tracts referred to, the purchase-money was all paid when the warrants were taken out, though the land- holders neglected to take out their patents and pay their fees, which in such cases the State now demands only $15 for. But in other cases there was more land returned in the survey than the warrant called for, and the amount of the surplus, and interest thereon, is a lien on the land, besides the patent fees, for the col- lection of which, from the present owners of the land, the Legis- lature has provided by law."
My obligations are due to Senator FITCH and Representatives TYLER and BEARDSLEE for various efforts in my behalf.
I can congratulate patient subscribers and canvassers that the History of Susquehanna County is at last printed; though I may " have had my best days with it," while it was but a dream of usefulness, and not the football of criticism.
EMILY C. BLACKMAN.
INGLESIDE, MONTROSE PA., April 17th, 1873.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER.
PAGE
I. Charters of Connecticut and Pennsylvania . 1
II. Indians once in this section . 7
III. Westmoreland, and the Pennamite Wars
9
IV. The Intrusion Law and its effects. 17
V. County organization 24
VI. Officers and Bar of Susquehanna County 36
TOWNSHIP ANNALS, AS FOLLOWS :
VII. Great Bend. Settled 1787. First township erected. Organized 1793 49
VIII. Harmony. Settled 1787. Tenth township erected.
87 Organized 1809
IX. Oakland. Settled 1787. Twenty-seventh township 100 erected. Organized 1853
X. Brooklyn. Settled 1787. Sixteenth township erected. Organized 1814 110
XI. New Milford. Settled 1789. Eighth township erected. Organized 1807 143
XII. Herrick. Settled 1789. Eighteenth township erected. Organized 1825 163
XIII. Harford. Settled 1790. Ninth township erected. 174
Organized 1808
XIV. Gibson. Settled 1793. Twelfth township erected. 191 Organized 1813 XV. Rush. Settled 1794. Fifth township erected. Organ- ized 1801 . 211
XVI. Dimock. Settled 1796. Nineteenth township erected. Organized 1832 · 222
XVII. Lenox. Settled 1796. Second township erected. Or- ganized 1795 Fourth township erected. XIX. Franklin. Settled 1799. Twenty-first township erected. Organized 1835
237
XVIII. Auburn. Settled 1797. Organized 1799
248
258
XX. Liberty. Settled 1799. Third township erected. Or- ganized 1798 275 XXI. Bridgewater and Montrose. Settled 1799. Seventh township erected. Organized 1806
283
viii
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER. PAGE
XXII. Middletown. Settled 1799. Fourteenth township erected. Organized 1814 34 XXIII. Jessup. Settled 1799. Twenty-fourth township erected. Organized 1846
356 XXIV. Forest Lake. Settled 1799. Twenty-second township erected. Organized 1836
368
XXV. Clifford. Settled 1799. Sixth township erected. Or- ganized 1806 382
XXVI. Lathrop. Settled 1799. Twenty-third township erected. Organized 1846 XXVII. Springville. Settled 1799. Fifteenth township erected. Organized 1814 406
400
XXVIII. Apolacon. Settled 1800. Twenty-fifth township erected. Organized 1846 422 XXIX. Choconut. Settled 1806. Thirteenth township erected. Organized 1814 · 430
XXX. Silver Lake. Settled 1809. Eleventh township erected. Organized 1813 444
XXXI. Jackson. Settled 1809. Seventeenth township erected. Organized 1815 463
XXXII. Ararat. Settled 1810. Twenty-sixth township erected. Organized 1852 472
XXXIII. Thomson. Settled 1820. Twentieth township erected. Organized 1833 482
XXXIV. Nicholson Lands . 486
XXXV. Geological Formation and Mineral Resources 491
XXXVI. Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts 502
XXXVII. Roads and Post Offices
509
XXXVIII. Changes in Politics 518
XXXIX. Schools and Churches . 526
XL. Newspapers and Editors 539
XLI. Authors and Artists 544
XLII. Physicians and the Medical Society 553
XLIII. Temperance Societies . 557
XLIV. Secret Societies and the Census
571
APPENDIX.
Joe Smith 577
Treadwell Trial 582
Note on Magnetic Variation (County Line). 583
Woman's Work for the U. S. Sanitary and Freedmen's Commissions 584
List of Soldiers
· 620
Index
. 635
LIST OF MAPS, LITHOGRAPHS, STEEL PLATES, ENGRAVINGS, ETC.
PAGE
Map of the County to face Title Page. Map Illustrating the New England Charter Claims, west of the Delaware 1
Map showing the various purchases made from the Indians 6
Map of Westmoreland, showing the Connecticut Surveys 10
Map of Old Luzerne County 14
Engraving-Seal, Court of Quarter Sessions, Susquehanna County, 1812 24
Diagram-showing official divisions of Susquehanna County, 1790 . 26
Diagram-showing 66 66 1799
27
Diagram-showing boundaries of township of Rush, 1801
27
Diagram-showing Election Districts-Susquehanna County, 1801
28
Diagram-showing divisions of Susquehanna County in 1808 . 29
Diagram-showing 66
66 66
66 in 1810
30
Diagram-showing 66 66 66
in 1815
34
Diagram of "The Fan, " at Great Bend .
65
Engraving-Falls of Cascade Creek .
88
Engraving-The Cascade Bridge
98
Engraving-The Starucca Viaduct
98
Portrait of James B. Gregg
106
Portrait of Col. Frederick Bailey
126
Engraving-Old Universalist Church, Brooklyn
141
Portrait of Secku Meylert
156
Portrait of Christopher L. Ward
162
Diagram-Site of First Bark Cabin-Beaver Meadow
176
Diagram-Nine Partners' Purchase . Portrait of Joab Tyler, Esq.
178
Portrait of Rev. Lyman Richardson . Engraving of Harford Academy, 1844
180
Portrait of Hon. Galusha A. Grow
244
Portrait of David Post, Esq.
290
Engraving-The Old Raynsford House
293
Diagram-The Sun-dogs, 1807 .
300
Portrait of Elder Davis Dimock .
306
Lithograph-The Montrose Green, 1840
. 316
Diagram-Successive Borough Limits of Montrose
· 317
.
178
185
Engraving-The Old Post House
290
Diagram-showing 6 66 66 in 1872 35
X
LIST OF MAPS, LITHOGRAPHS, ETC.
PAGE
Portrait of Hon. Almon H. Read . 332
Portrait of Hon. William Jessup, LL.D. . 334
Portrait of Henry Drinker
336
Engraving-The Old Presbyterian Church, Montrose 340
Portrait of Rev. Henry A. Riley
342
Map of the Connecticut Survey of Manor, Delaware First Purchase . 356
Portrait of Hon. Asa Packer
414
Engraving-Lakeside-Residence of Mrs. Caleb Carmalt . 439
Lithograph-Silver Lake, 1816 .
450
Lithograph-Silver Lake-Residence of the late Robert H. Rose
458
Engraving-R. C. Chapel of St. Augustine
462
Portrait of Elder J. B. Worden
· 470
Portrait of Hon. Benjamin Parke, LL.D. .
508
Engraving-Old Seal of Susquehanna Academy
526
Portrait of Edith May
548
Portrait of Rev. Elisha Mulford, LL.D.
550
Portrait of Hon. S. B. Chase
. 570
APPENDIX.
Diagram-Joe Smith's Diggings . 581
ERRATA.
(Readers are requested to mark the corrections as designated.)
Page 37, line 2d from the bottom, after " Judge," insert and.
38, ' 21st, for " Warmer" read Warner.
66
39, " 25th, the name of "L. F. Fitch" should be in italics.
66
41, " 30th, for " David D. Warner" read Davis D. Warner.
66 43, " 32d, for " Simon Stephens" read Simon Stevens.
" 45, “ 3d, for " Philander Stevens" read Philander Stephens.
66 46, in 2d foot note, for " now" read since.
66 48, line 46th, for " Lew" read Law.
64, 13th, for " Thompson" read Thomson.
66 97, 16th, after " murdered" insert, as supposed.
204, 66
7th, for " 1739" read 1839.
66 207, 25th, for "Kinsbury" read Kingsbury.
231,
66 5th, after " all he had," read but one.
254, 16th, for " Merryall's" read Merryall.
254, 20th, for " relates" read writes.
280, 66 3d, for " terrible" read terribly.
.6 288, 4th, for "now" read late.
319, 66 2d, for " clear" read cleared
335, 13th, from bottom, after "in consequence, " insert during the Revolution.
66 347, 46th, for "fort" read forks.
457, 29th, omit sentence about Agricultural Society.
66 460, 9th, after " petition" read against slavery.
66 499, 66 21st, for " Boswick" read Bostwick.
66 538, omission of the present number of members of Liberty Bapt. Church, 73.
The following should have been inserted on page 331.
COST OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
1813. Court-house (containing jail), built by Oliver C. Smith . $4,500 00
1818. Fireproof Offices, built by Daniel Lyon 2,562 60 .
1853. Jail (now engine house), built by Boyd and Smith . ·
5,768 34
1855. Removal of Fireproof Building by the commissioners . 130 00
1854-55. New Court-house.
To architect and drawing contract . ·
$320 00 Contract price . 18,500 00 Furniture, including bell 1,425 70 Total
.
. $20,245 70
1867-8. New Jail .
. 34,707 07 1870. Repairs on new Court-house 3,025 09 ·
Making a total of nearly seventy-one thousand dollars.
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M3
HISTORY OF SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY.
CHAPTER I.
CHARTERS OF CONNECTICUT AND PENNSYLVANIA.
THE history of the section of Pennsylvania described as Sus- quehanna County, extends far back of its official organization. It can best be understood by a somewhat extended reference to a period preceding even the settlement of the county, when its area, with that of Luzerne from which it was taken, was still a portion of old Northumberland. A review of still earlier times is necessary fully to account for the peculiar relation which this territory once sustained to the State of Connecticut.
Grave questions have been practically decided in the status of this small corner of the Commonwealth-questions arising from the transatlantic origin of titles to lands in America-and these first claim our attention.
Explanation of Map of Charter Claims.
1. Massachusetts and Connecticut, with a general review of their charter claims, west.
2. The Connecticut County and Town of Westmoreland, from the Delaware west to the Fort Stanwix line ; which sent Representatives to the Assembly at Hartford and New Haven, from 1774 to 1783.
3. The north and south line, one hundred and twenty miles west of the line, ten miles east of the Susquehanna, indicates the western limits of the Connec- ticut Susquehanna Company's Indian purchase at Albany, in 1754. Nearly to this line ranges of towns five miles square were granted and surveyed ; the five most western in M'Kean County, named Lorana, Conde, Turrenne, Newtown, and Addison, are designated.
4. The Western Reserve, or New Connecticut, in Ohio, being one hundred and twenty miles in length, the width of the Connecticut charter claim, con- firmed to that State on the final adjustment of western land claims ; the United States having accepted the cession from Connecticut of the territory west to the Mississippi. Five hundred thousand acres of this reservation, called " Fire Lands," were granted to New London, Fairfield, Norwark, and other towns burnt by the enemy. The remainder, being sold, is the source of the noble school fund of that State.
5. About seven millions of acres of the beautiful Genessee country, being, with slight reservations, all the territory in New York, west from a line be- ginning at the eighty-second mile-stone from the Delaware, on the northern boundary of Pennsylvania, running north to the British possessions-confirmed, by compromise between New York and Massachusetts in 1786, to the latter State -- together with 230,400 acres east of that line .-- From Miner's History of Wyoming.
1
2
HISTORY OF SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY.
The charters granted by English sovereigns to Connecticut and Pennsylvania, and from which the early troubles of this section of country arose, were based on the assumed right of possession in virtue of the discovery of its shores by Sebastian Cabot, who first sailed from England under commission of Henry VII. May, 1497.
A few years later, voyagers from France, in the service of its sovereign, also made discoveries and took possession in the name of Francis I .; and, thereafter, the French sovereigns claimed a part of the territory which England held as her own.
In 1603, Henry IV. of France having granted to Sieur de Monts the country called Acadia, extending from the 40th to the 46th degree of north latitude, James I. of England became alarmed at the encroachments upon English claims, and, in 1606, divided that portion of North America which lies between the 34th and 45th degrees, into two nearly equal districts ; granting the southern part to a company of London merchants -to whom Sir Walter Raleigh had transferred the patent ob- tained from Queen Elizabeth-and the northern to another corporation called the Plymouth Company. From 38° to 41º the same was granted to both; but, wherever the one made a settlement, the other might not settle within 100 miles.1
In 1607, the Plymouth Company attempted a settlement at the mouth of the Kennebec, but it was abandoned after a few months.
November, 1620, James I. incorporated the "Grand Council of Plymouth, for planting and governing New England in America;" and granted to the persons constituting it, all that tract of North America lying between the 40th and 48th degrees of north latitude, in its whole extent "from sea to sea," except- ing only such land as might already be in possession of another Christian prince. The Council were authorized to convey or assign "such particular portions of said lands to such subjects, adventurers, or planters, as they should think proper."
In 1631, a deed from the Earl of Warwick, then president of the Plymouth Council, conveyed to Lord Say and Seal, Lord Brooke and others, that part of New England afterwards pur- chased from them by the colony of Connecticut. Now, "though the right of soil had passed from the Crown by the original grant, the powers of government were considered of a nature so sacred, they could only be derived directly from the king ;" consequently, in 1662, Charles II. renewed and confirmed the charter to Connecticut, distinctly recognizing it as a part and parcel of the old Plymouth grant. The tract patented to Con- necticut extended " from Narragansett River 120 miles on a
. 1 U. S. History. Mrs. Willard.
-
3
HISTORY OF SUSQUEHANNA COUNTY.
straight line, near the shore towards the southwest, as the coast lies towards Virginia, and within that breadth from the Atlantic Ocean to the South Sea." This measurement would bring the southern limit of Connecticut nearly or quite to the 41st de- gree of north latitude; and, "that these boundaries included Wyoming, has never, that we are aware of, been controverted.1
In 1664, the Dutch, who had settled on the Hudson more than fifty years previous, and who claimed the land from the Con- necticut River to the Delaware, were conquered by the English, and their territory was given to the Duke of York (afterwards James II.), the king's brother.
The charter to Connecticut had included an exception in favor of the Dutch, their land never having been vested in the Crown previous to this conquest ;2 and, in 1650, articles of agreement respecting the eastern line of their possessions had been made between them and Connecticut. But, because this line, as agreed upon in 1664, was pronounced "the western bounds of the colony of Connecticut," as it was the eastern of the Duke's patent, the plea was afterwards made by Pennsyl- vania, that Connecticut had relinquished all claims to lands west of the Delaware; though these were distinctly included within the charter of 1662.
"Now there were no opposite or adverse claims, in 1664, as to the western land. No foreign nation had any pretensions to it. The Duke did not and could not claim it, the Delaware being expressly made his western limit. The king gave no intimation that he was dissatisfied with his own grant of it to Connecticut."1
The commissioners, therefore, who were appointed to mark the division line between the Duke and Connecticut, had nothing to do or to determine about lands west of this patent.
But, as his territory fell again into the hands of the Dutch, and was afterwards restored to the British, a new charter was issued to the Duke of York. This occasioned a fresh dispute between him and Connecticut; but the line between this colony and his possessions was finally adjusted in 1683-85, as it now remains.
In that part of America claimed by England, three requisites were demanded to render title to lands perfect : First, a grant or charter from the king; Secondly, a purchase of the soil from the Indians; Thirdly, possession.1
That the steps taken on the part of Connecticut respecting the lands within her charter west of the Delaware may be seen in connection with the action of the Government of Pennsyl- vania, the following dates are given side by side :-
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