USA > Pennsylvania > A pioneer outline history of northwestern Pennsylvania > Part 69
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Roman Catholic church, 429
seat of justice of, 542 Seneca Indians in, 538 soldier vote issue in, 671 statistics, 362 tar-burning in, 539 Teachers' Institute, 674
address delivered at, by W. J. McKnight, 674- 683 vote for President in, in 1864, 673 Thomas, on ploughs, 219 Jenks, Dr. John W., 546 Junco, or snowbird, the, 145 Junkin, Rev. David X., extract from cen- tennial sermon of, 264
K
Keen, W. W., M.D., petition of, 302 Kettles, clay, 34
Keystone, name, first applied to Pennsyl- vania, 368
Kingbird, the, 142
Kingfisher, belted, 150
Kingsley, Ebenezer, pioneer hunter, 527 streams named by, 527
King's settlement, Mckean County, 573 Kissing parties, 231
Knapp, Moses, first settler in Brookville, 551 Kyashuta sues for peace, 200
L
Land, how the pioneer bought, 22I Last slave in Pennsylvania, 31I Law legalizing dissection in Pennsylvania, 202 to provide common school fund, 355 Lawrence County, boroughs of, 562, 565 boundaries of, 558 county seat of, 558 school- description of pioneer houses, 567 early church organiatizon, 565 school-teachers in, 566, 567
736
INDEX
Lawrence County, first schools in, 566 white settlers in, 561 mail facilities of, 565 named for Perry's flagship, 558 pioneer newspaper in, 438 term of court, 561 attorneys admitted
at, 561
population of, when organized, 558 Revolutionary soldiers of, 568
roads established in, 561 settled by Scotch-Irish, 558 when erected, 558
Leading Whigs in Brookville in 1840, 388 Legal relations of man and wife, 245 rights of married women, 408 Legalized dissection in Pennsylvania, 294 petition to Legislature asking for, 302 slavery in 1840, 401 " Lenni Lenape,". or Delawares, 36 Lincoln and Johnson nominated, 669 denounced, 670 re-election of, 669 story, a, 670
Local history, 669 Logging in 1840, 395
Long, Bill, kills first deer, 156 the " king hunter," 156 story of, 156 Jack, and his dog Trim, 170 birth of, 179 death of, 180 facts in career of, 179
Louis (Ludwig), 156 still-house of, 156
William, adventure with panther, 166 and Charlie Southerland, 161 and his son Jack, 170 and John, on panther-hunt, 159 captures bear cubs, 162 live elk, 167 death of, 173 early dress of, 173 fight with a deer, 165 first lesson in art of hunting. 158 marriage of, 160 number of animals killed by, 166 raises elk with cows, 167 tomahawks panther, 169
Lords and lairds, 346
Lottery, granting of warrants by, 63 Low Grade Railroad, 698
charter of, 698 extent of, 698 general offices of, 699 grade of, 699 opened for service. 699 pioneer wreck on, 699 route of, 699 tunnels on, 699
Lumbering in 1840, 395 Lumberman's Bank at Warren, failure of. 646
Lutheran church of Butler County. 423 of Clarion County, 425 of Crawford County, 424 of Jefferson County, 429
M
Magaw, Colonel, inventor of straw paper. 467
Mail-routes, advertisements issued for. 208 established between Erie and Pittsburg, 470 pioneer, 204-206 Mails, arrivals and departures of. 544 Man and wife, legal relations of. 245 Manchester Unity, British, 435 Maple-sugar industry, 250 method of making. 250 Marketing, primitive methods of. 454 Married women, legal rights of. 408 Masonic Lodge, pioneer, in Crawford County, 467 officers of. 407 Matches first used, 301
McClellan and Pendleton nontinated. 673 idol of the army, 673 McConnell, David B., pienie in honor of, 5.54 MeCurdy, James, 253 McKean County, county seat of. 570 court-house erected. 570 first coal found in. 578 court held in. 570 formation of. 560 Indian names for streants, 578 location of conty seat, 570
737
47
INDEX
McKean County, manufacture of salt in, 574 named in honor of governor, 569 organized for judicial purposes, 570 panther hunters in, 578 pioneer court in, 577 hunters in, 577 newspaper in, 442 physician in, 578 school in, 578 settlers in, 573 roads of, 570 situation of, 569 statistics, 362 towns and villages of, 574 Governor, letters to, from John Flem- ing, 187, 189 McKnight, W. J., addresses Teachers' In- stitute of Jefferson County, 674-683 as mail-boy, 683, 684 description of first trip of, 683, 684 saves life of boy deserter, 670
Meade, David and John, adventures of, 459-461 first settler of Meadville, 461
Meade's trail, 181, 459
transportation over, 459
Meadow-lark, the, 142
Meadville, growth in population of, 466 incorporated, 466 manufactures of, 467 pioneer burgess, 466 cemetery, 466 murder in, 470 post-office established, 466
Mercer and Meadville Turnpike, 469 Company, 584 borough, 583 churches in, 584 first school-house in, 586 pioneer fire company of, 586
County, attorneys at first court in, 587 Baptist church, 430 county buildings in, 584 county officers commissioned, 586 description of pioneer school- houses in, 589 of surface of, 579
Mercer County, dimensions of, 579 during war of 1812, 588 early mail and stage routes, 585 school-houses in, 589 settlers in, 583, 588 first court-house in, 587 courts held in, 583 formation of, 579
incorporation of boroughs in, 591
Indian towns in, 580
Indians of, 580
iron furnaces in, 585
location of county seat, 583
Methodist church, 430
miscellaneous churches in, 431
pioneer agricultural society, 585 doctors in, 585 industries in, 585
justice of the peace, 585
Masonic lodge in, 591
missionary society in, 586 newspapers, 443, 585 postmasters, 585 post-offices, 585 population of, 1800-1840, 579
Presbyterian church, 429
Revolutionary patriots in, 431
school statistics, 590 schools, history of, 589
snakes in, 580 statistics, 362 streams of, 579
subscription schools in, 590
survey and settlement of, 579
townships of, 590
United Presbyterian church, 430 wild animals in, 580
Merchants of Brookville in 1840, 382
Merriman, Charles P., great snare-drum- mer, 407 Message of Governor Wolf, education leading topic of, 354 Methodism introduced in Pennsylvania, 279 Methodist church first temperance organi- zation in America, 279 of Jefferson County, 428 of Mercer County, 430 of Potter County, 431 of Venango County, 432 of Warren County, 433
738
INDEX
Methodist Episcopal church of Butler County, 423 of Crawford County, 424 organization of, 278 success of, remarkable, 278 general conference of, first session, 278 paper, first, started, 279
ministers, annual allowances of wives, widows, and orphans of, 280, 281 ministers, salaries of, 280 Mifflin, Thomas, official letters of, 182
Mighty hunters of Brookville, 377
Mileage owned and operated by Pennsyl- vania System in Northwestern Penn- sylvania, 700
Milesburg and Waterford State Road, 459 Militia encampments in 1840, 385
Millionaires in United States, 345
Mink, the, 130
average weight of, 130 dietary of, 130
Mint, United States, act passed establish- ing, 342 first building erected for, 342 corner-stone laid, 342 deposit of gold bullion in, 343 of silver bullion in, 343 mentioned, 342 return of gold coinage, 343
Miscellaneous churches in Mercer County, 43I
Missionary work, pioneer, 256
Moore, Hon. Jesse, first judge in War- ren County, 654 Moose, or leather-wood tree, 168
Morgan, William, abduction of, 501, 721 exposer of Masonic secrets, 721 Morris, Robert, effects of, sold by mar- shal, 453 introduces subject of national
mint, 342 Revolutionary patriot, 452
Mormon converts, 636 Morrow's " freight line," 381 last trip to Brookville, 382 Muhlenburg, Rev. Henry Melchior, 278
Music-books in 1840, 400 schools, pioneer, 247 teachers in 1840, 400
N
Natural gas, first application for fuel. 375 discovered, 374 historical of, 374 use of, in United States. 374 National mint, first spoken of. 342
Negro, abuse of, in 1840, 418 Odd Fellows in United States, 435 slavery, census returns of, 364 slaves in the thirteen original States, 3II New Castle, churches of, 562
county seat of Lawrence County, 558 early teachers in, 568
history of early schools of. 567
location of, 562
made a borough, 561
pioneer industries in, 561. 502, 566 population of. 561 wild animals around, 561 "New purchase," lands in. 453 Newspaper, pioneer, in Butler County, 438 in Clarion County. 438
in Crawford County. 438
in Elk County, 438
in Forest County. 438
in Jefferson County, 438
in Lawrence County, 438 in McKean County, 442 in Mercer County. 443 in Potter County. 443
in Tioga County, 443
in Venango County, 443 in Warren County, 443 writings of Withie Reynolds, extracts from, 622 Newspapers, pioneer, in Northwestern Pennsylvania, 438
New York, Lake Erie and Western Rail road. 707 Nigger, who skinned the, 200
North American Indians, burning of the white dog. 24 drunkenness among. 27
739
INDEX
North American Indians, green-corn dance, 24 heirship among. 23 hereditary titles of, 23 power of, 23 religious creed of. 24 star, guide for fugitive slaves, 318 Northumberland County lottery warrants, 64 apportionment of. 65 Northwestern Pennsylvania, army officers of, in War of 1812, 473 last panthers killed in, 179 last wolves killed in, 178 mileage owned and operated by the Pennsylvania System in, 700 Odd Fellowship in, 434 pioneer homes of, 224 newspapers in, 438 permanent settlement in, 459 railroads in, 690 taxable inhabitants in, 658 section, boundaries of, described, 77 Noshaken, legend of. 41
O
O'Bail. John, father of Cornplanter, 53 Odd Fellows, first Grand Lodge of, in United States, 435 Hall at Brookville, dedication of, 436 lodge, first, in new world, 435 pioneer, in Jefferson County, 435 negro, in United States, 435 where they came from, 434 Odd Fellowship, American, 434
Thomas Wildey, founder of, 434 heavy growth in membership, 435 in Crawford County. 437 in Mercer County, 437 in Northwestern Pennsylvania, 434 in Venango County, 437 in Jefferson County, 435, 437 Ohio and Allegheny Rivers public high- ways, act declaring, 193 Company formed, 199 Oil. petroleum, early discoveries of, 578
Oil, petroleum, first transportation of, to Pittsburg, 627 fortunes made in, 628
Old court-house of Brookville, 394 " Old-Fashioned Doctor, the," 289 fireplace, 390 gardens in Brookville, 386 folks' picnic, 554 list of old people at, 554
" Old Grimes is dead," pioneer song, 246 Old-time tavern, the, 620
Opening a road to Le Bœuf, act providing for, 194
Opossum, the, 134 easily domesticated, 134 omnivorous and carnivorous, 134 three varieties of, 134 Organizing schools, method of, 353 Origin of State anatomical law, 300 of white slavery, 310 Oriole, Baltimore, 142
Otter, plays and playgrounds of, 132 river, 131 strength contests, 132
P
Pack-horses, goods carried by, 202 supplanted by Conestoga wagons, 203 Paddies of the pike, 168
Panther, average length of, 119 fight with bear, 177 habits of the, 174 hunters in Mckean County, 578
largest carnivorous beast, 119 lynx sometimes mistaken for, 119 pelt, price of, 119 puma sometimes called, 119 whelp, bounty on head of, 119 Parties, social, 231 kissing, 23I Pass system on railroads, origin of, 688 Patton, William Augustus, 690
Peace, terms of, Indian, 33
Penn family during the Revolution, 76 William, Jr., 76 Pennsylvania founded by, 76 sails for England, 76 death of, 76 Penns in America, rule of, ended, 77
740
INDEX
Pennsylvania, bituminous coal-field of, area of, 717 Canal, 562 constitutions, 284 founded, 76 pioneer post-office established in, 204 railroad in, 687 Railroad, completion of, 686 enormous growth of, 689 first passenger train over, with- out change, 686 greatest industrial institution in country, 689 inception of, 685 mileage of, 689
owned and operated by, in Northwestern Pennsylva-
nia, 700 monopoly of transportation, 689 other lines controlled by, 689 ramifications of, 689 tunnel under North River, 689 Society for the Promotion of Public Schools, 357 soil, noteworthy events on, 312, 315 soldiers in the Civil War, 674 system of railroads, 685 wagon, description of, 395 Pensions, cost of, 245 Peters, Asylum, 578, 600 Petition of W. W. Keen, M.D., 302 to Legislature asking for legalized dissection, 302 signers to, 304, 305 Petroleum, first mention of, in history, 578
Philadelphia Anatomical Association, ex- tracts from minutes of, 300-302 and New York in 1800, 19 and Pittsburg mail stages, 203 to Pittsburg, travel from, 688 Physicians of Brookville in 1840, 388 Pigeon-roosts, 147 wild, the, 146 habits of, 148
Pioneer act of Legislature regulating banks, 344 to provide free education, 350 advertisement of letters, 209 advertisement in slavery days, 365
Pioneer agriculture, 217 amusements, 231-233 animals, 107 axe the friend of, 242 banks, 344 Baptist church in Northwestern Penn- sylvania, 276 bar, 284 birds, varieties of, 149 cabin, description of, 225 how built, 254 how lighted, 225 how fastened at night, 225 pests in and around, 226 camp-meetings, 281 Catholic church in Pennsylvania, 283 priest in Pennsylvania, 283 service in Pennsylvania, 283 churches in Northwestern Pennsylva- nia. 423 circuit courts, 284. 286 judges, 285, 286
coal-mining in Jefferson County, 707 coal strike in Jefferson County, ;17 cooking, 226 dishes, 226 doctor, the, 288 dress of, 289 fees of, 289 habits of, 288 trials and hardships of. 288, 280
English African slave trader. 310 evening frolics, 218, 231
food, 226 furniture, 224. 254 habits of the, 228 homes of Northwestern Pennsylva- nia, 224 hospitality, 223 hynin-books, 248 inns in Jefferson County, 216 lawyers, 287 characteristics of, 28;
Lutheran church in Northwestern Pennsylvania, 278
mail-routes, 204 meats. 220 Methodism, 278 Methodist church building in Jeffer- son County, 420
741
INDEX
Pioneer Methodist preaching in Pennsyl- vania, 279 sermon in America, 279 missionaries, 256, 258 missionary work, 256 money, 342 music, 247 schools, 247
native American dentist, 416 newspaper in Butler County, 438 in Clarion County, 438
in Crawford County, 438
in Elk County, 438
in Forrest County, 438
in Jefferson County, 438
in Lawrence County, 438 in McKean County, 442 in Mercer County, 443
in Potter County, 443
in Tioga County, 443
in Venango County, 443 in Warren County, 443
newspapers in Northwestern Pennsyl- vania. 438 Odd Fellows' lodge in Jefferson County, 435
planing-mill, 373
preachers in Northwestern Pennsyl- vania, 423-433
Presbyterian church, 426
presbytery, 276
Presidential Convention, 374
Protestant church building, 426
race horses, 373
railroad in Pennsylvania, 687 restaurant, 686 resurrection, Brookville's, 290 road opened by General Forbes, 200 saw-mills, 372 school-houses in Pennsylvania, 356 schools, corporal punishment in, 590 " cut jackets," 590 favorite modes of punishment in, 590
singing-masters, 247 sleeping-car, 688 song, " Old Grimes is dead," 246 stage-coach announcement, 513 steamboating on the Allegheny River, 622 steamer to cross Atlantic, 367
Pioneer strike in America, 367 Sunday-school in New World, 279 in the world, 279 surveys and surveyors, 76 letter in regard to, 79 teachers' institutes, 359 telegram sent, 367 thanksgiving days, 368 tools of, 242
travelling circus, 467
United Presbyterian churches, 426
weekly mail-route between Pittsburg and Erie, 635 woman, the, 229 chief industry of, 229 Pittsburg and New York Railroad, 703 and State Line Railroad Company. 704 conference organized, 279
Kittanning and Warren Railroad
chartered, 635
laid out, 200
noted resorts of, frequented by river men, 628 Summerville and Clarion Railroad, 700 charter members of, 701
coal-fields on, 701
completion of, 701
length of main line, 701 opened for traffic, 701
Plays, popular, 232, 233
Plough, the Newbold, 219
Ploughs, early, 219 Thomas Jefferson on, 219
Poe, Thomas, mortally wounded, 243 Poisoned arrows, 34
Political conventions in 1840, 395
Politics in Brookville in 1840, 388
Poll-evil, old-time cure for, 398
Popular plays, 232, 233
Population in United States, progress of, 328 of United States in 1800, 19 statistics, 309, 402 Porcupine, the, 128 food of, 129 trap, 129
Port Allegheny, early settlers near, 577 pioneer school in, 578 Barnett, 480
742
INDEX
Port Barnett, post-office established at, 207 Portage Road, one of wonders of Amer- ica, 686 Post, Christian Frederic, 256 death of, 258 extract from journal of, 256 first Moravian west of Alle- ghenies, 257 marriages of, 258 sails for Labrador, 258 Postage in 1840, 405 rates in 1815, 207 in 1837, 210 stamps, first issue in United States, 210 first used, 210 invented, 210
Post-office, act for erecting and establish- ing, 204 established at Port Barnett, 207 pioneer, established in Pennsyl- vania, 204 offices established in Jefferson County, 208 in United States in 1815, 206 roads, extent of, in 1837, 209
Potter County a wilderness in 1804, 599 area and extent of, 592 commissioners of, 601 early settlements in, 600 erection of, 592 extracts from correspondence of early settlers in, 595
first murder in, 603
first officers of, 601 settler in, 600 wedding in, 601 gradual organization of, 601
great elk lick in, 602
hardships of early settlers in, 592-599, 601 highways in, 604
hundredth anniversary of erec- tion of, 605 location of county seat, 592 Methodist church, 431
origin of name of "Shingle House," 600 originally called Sinnemahoning. 599
Potter County, pioneer mail route estab- lished, 604 newspapers in, 443, 604. 605 postmaster in, 604 religious services in. 604 school-teacher, 603. term of school in, 603 population of, 1810-1840. 592 prominent names in history of. 600 romance and adventure in lives of old settlers of, 601 statistics, 363 streams of, 592 tragical incident in. 601 Presbyterian church of Butler County, 423 of Clarion County, 425 of Crawford County, 424 of Jefferson County, 427 of Mercer County, 429 of Venango County, 432 of Warren County, 433 pioneer, 426
Presbyterianism the pioneer service in Northwestern Pennsylvania, 276
Presbytery of Pennsylvania organized. 204 Presque Isle, peninsula of. 73 Primitive enjoyments, 231 farming utensils, 455 methods of marketing. 454 Profanity common spice of conversation. 488 in a good cause, 426
Profits of the slave trade, 320
Prominent stage-drivers in 1840. 380 workers for public schools, 357
Protestant church building, pioneer. 420 Public highways, acts declaring rivers and creeks, 193 Pugilism in 1840, 386
Puma, color of. 110
Pump-logs, boring. 407 Punxsutawney. 41 early settlers in, 553 in 1832, 553 made a borough, 553
pioneer cemetery in. 553 church 111. 553 hotel in. 553 lawyer in. 553 Odd Fellows' Lodge in. 553
743
INDEX
Punxsutawney, pioneer school-house in, 553
Purchase of 1768, 61 of 1784, 55 boundaries of territory ceded, 58 commissioners appointed to treat with Indians, 56 counties included in, 61 mode of disposing of land, 62 opened to settlers and purchasers, 61 price per hundred acres, 62, 65 report of commissioners, 57
Q
Quivers, how made, 34
R
Race with a panther, 517 Rafting in 1840, 395 on the Allegheny River, 628
Railroad agitation and experimentation, 686 collision in 1837, 369 " Raisings" in Brookville, 384 Rates of postage in 1837, 210
Rattlesnake, banded, 235 black, the, 177 description of, 236 disposition of, 239 food of, 236 oil, as a medicine, 24I Pete (Peter Gruber), 237, 241 poison of, 239 species and varieties of, 236
trained to perform tricks, 239 yellow spotted, the, 177
Raven, the, 136, 137 eggs of, 137 extreme age of, 137 home of, 137 nest of, 137 white, 137 wonderful intellect of, 137
Recollections of Brookville, 376
of the West," graphic sketch from, 449 Record of big floods, 368 Red Bank Creek, first flat-boat on, 192 first lumber rafted down, 192 first settlers on, 483
Red Jacket, extract from address of, 27 mill erected, 508
Sunday amusements at the, 508 Redemptioners, 330 act for relief of, 334 German, 336 confiscation of property of, 340 and punishment of, 339 deaths among, during passage, 340, 341 imposed upon, 340 in Maryland, 339 vigorous laws for protection of, 341 starvation of, 34I
Re-election of Lincoln, 669
Religious rights of women in 1840, 410
Revolution, first man to die in, 312
Revolutionary patriots in Mercer County,
431 soldiers, 366 War, expenses of, 402
Reward for runaway apprentice girl, 338 for runaway slaves, 322
Reynolds, Wythie, extracts from news- paper writings of, 622
Reynoldsville and Falls Creek Railroad, 707
Ridgway and Clearfield Railroad, 707 county seat of Elk, 502 early settlers in, 508
Jacob, sketch of, 502
town of, laid out, 508
Township, early home of the wild pigeon, 507 Elk County, 494
Right of Tennessee to representation in national convention, 669
River otter, 131
Rivers and creeks public highways, acts declaring, 193
Road to Le Bœuf, survey of, 195
report of commissioners on, 195
Roads and trails, early, 181
Robin, the, 14I
Rochester and Charlotte Railroad, 703
and Pittsburg Coal and Iron Com- pany, 704 coke ovens of, 716 daily output of coke, 716 first operations of, 716 main offices of, 717
744
INDEX
Rochester and Pittsburg Coal and Iron Company, officers of, 715 production of coke by, 716 superintendents of, 715 Railroad, 703 and State Line Railroad, 702 opened for business, 703 pioneer time-table of, 702 proposals for work on, 702 reorganization of, 703 officers under, 703 sold under foreclosure, 703 track-laying commenced, 702 Roman Catholic church of Butler County, 423 of Clarion County, 425 of Crawford County, 424 of Jefferson County, 429 of Venango County, 433 Rose, the, first cultivated flower, 387 Roseville pioneer race-ground, 373
Rumbarger, John, founder of Du Bois City, 660 original name of Du Bois City, 663 Runaway slaves, advertisements of, 322
S
Sabbath, earliest recognition of, 541 Sachems, power of, 22
Saegerstown, borough of, incorporated, 473 Salt, manufacture of, 574 warehouses at
Waterford, Erie County, 469 -works in Cameron County, 488
Sandy Lick, bear-hunt on, 159 Sapsucker, the, 145
Saw-mill, earliest form of, 372 of 1840, 395
School-books in use in 1840, 413 discipline, early modes of, 353 for education of teachers, 358 house, first, in Brookville, 413 law of 1809, 41I master, the, "barring out," in 1840, 413
School, the early government of, 412 old, Goldsmith's description of. 412
Schools on Indian reservations, 649 Scotch-Irish, origin of term, 346 pioneers of Northwestern Penn- sylvania principally, 348 settle in Pennsylvania, 347 Tories unknown among, 347 Senators and representatives in Congress. salaries of, 309 Seneca Indians, interesting extract re- lating to, 629 oil, 629 orators, 27 Senecas, burial ceremonies of, 25 Severity of winters in 1840, 393
" Sheep saffron," 391
" Shingle House" Potter County, origin of name, 600
" Shingle weavers." 403 Shooting stars in 1833. 369
Shrike, or butcher-bird, the, 142 Silver buillion, first deposit of, in United States Mint, 343 Singing-masters, pioneer, 247 Slavery in 1800, 20
in Pennsylvania in 1840, 401, 417 introduced in Pennsylvania, 311 statistics, 312. 304. 365 Slave trade, profits of, 320
Smethport, appropriation for academy at. 570 first house erected in, 570 industries of, 570 pioneer school in. 578 public buildings in, 570 Smith, George, wild animals killed by 130 Snake-bite, treatment of, 241 story, 580 Snakes and reptiles, 234 love of home of. 240
Snowbird, the, 145 Snow-bunting, the, 145
Social habits of the pioneers, 17 parties, 231 Society of Industry, the. 574
principles and objects of. 574
Soldier Run, encampment at, 242 inine. 716
745
INDEX
Soldier vote, 671 Son accidentally shoots father, 577
Southerland, Charles, "Black Charley," 417 death of, 165 domestic life of, 165
Squirrel, the, 134
act of Legislature to encourage killing of, 135 black, 134 bounty for scalp of, 136
crow and, menace to crops, 135
gray, 135 intelligence of, 134 manner of crossing rivers, 135
red, or Hudson Bay, 135
red, taps sugar trees for sap, 136 varieties of, 134
St. John's Methodist Church established, 279
Stage-coach, arrival of, in old times, 215 era, 203 first, through Brookville, 215
line between Philadelphia and New York, 203 drivers, prominent, in 1840, 380 Standard weight established by law,
344 State anatomical law, origin of, 300
copy of act as passed and ap- proved, 305-307
remarks of Senator Mc- Knight supporting, 307, 308 vote on, 308 appropriations to common schools, 359 road, act of Legislature sanctioning, 185 act to provide for opening, 183 completion of, 184
contract for opening, 186
first attempt to open, 183 survey of, 184 the old, 181 why made, 182
States and Territories, coal found in, 717
Statistics of 1840, 361 of Crawford County in 1840, 361 of Jefferson County in 1840, 362 of McKean County in 1840, 362
Statistics of Mercer County in 1840, 362 of Potter County in 1840, 363 of Tioga County in 1840, 363 of Venango County in 1840, 363 of Warren County in 1840, 364 Steam in land-carriages advocated,
685 Steamboat celebration at Franklin, 626
Steamboating on the Allegheny River, 622
Steamboats plying on the Allegheny River from 1840 to 1862, 626
Stern-wheel steamboats introduced on western waters, 635
Stockdale and Darlington Railroad, 707 Stone coal discovered in America, 707 first used in Western Pennsylva- nia, 707 substitute for plaster and manure, 708 hatchets, 34
turnpike, first, chartered in United States, 21I
Sugar camp, description of, 250
" Sugaring off," 253
Sugar-making, 250
Suits in trespass, 523
Sunbury and Erie Railroad, act to incor-
porate, 690
celebration in honor of first passenger train on, 695
commissioners to receive subscriptions to stock of, 691 construction of, commenced, 695
leased to Pennsylvania Rail- road, 695 length of, 695 name changed to Philadel- phia and Erie, 695
original route of, 695
presidents of, 1837-1856, 694 surveys of routes made, 694 Susquehanna and Waterford turnpike, 21I act creating, 213 first stage-line over, 215 milestones along, 213 toll-gates on, 213 Sykesville tunnel, 715
746
INDEX
T
Taverns in Brookville, 378
Teachers' Institute, address delivered at, by W. J. McKnight, 674-683 Teachers' Institute, 359
Tennessee, right of, to representation, in national convention, 669
Thanksgiving days, pioneer, 368
Theological Seminary of Associate Re- formed Church, 659
Thompson, John Edgar, chief engineer of Pennsylvania Railroad, 686 John J. Y., pioneer editor, 439-442 elected associate judge, 44I Thrashing grain by flail, 220 Tin-horn used to call court, 634
Tioga County, area and dimensions of, 607 celebrated for patriotism, 615 description of surface of, 607 early homes in, 617 industries of, 619 mail-carriers in, 620
first newspaper in, 616 prominent settlers in, 615 wagon-road opened, 608 formation of, 607
improvised grist-mill in, 617
Indian trails, villages, and grave- yards, 617 lead ore discovered in, 615 location of county seat, 610
Morris's Mills, 609
pioneer court in, 616 distillery erected in, 619 grist-mill in, 619 horse-races in, 619
hunters of, 617
newspaper in, 443 offiers of, 616 teachers in, 620
population of, 1810-1840, 607 principal streams of, 617
relation of early trip into, 618 settlers of, in Revolutionary army, 615 statistics, 363 streams of, 607 towns of, 615
Tioga County, uncertainty of title to lands in, 609 Navigation Company, 610
Tipplers in the church, 422 Titusville incorporated, 473 Presbyterian church of, erected. 473
Tobacco-pipes, Indian, 34
Tome, Philip, famous interpreter. 117
Total eclipse of sun in 1806, 368 Towanda, churches in, 667 city of, in 1784 purchase, 666 early settlers in, 667 first laid out, 667
incorporated, 667 location of, 666
natural advantages of, 668 North Branch Canal, 667 public buildings of, 666
Travellers' Home Hotel, 684
Treaty of Fort McIntosh. 1785. 78 of Ghent, 473 of 1762, 200
Trees of the forest, 233
Trespass, suits, 323
Troops, call for, in 1814. 243
Tunnel, first, in United States, 687
Turkey pens, how built, 227
Turnpike, stone, first, chartered in United States, 21I Susquehanna and Waterford. 211 Twine, how the Indians made, 34
U
Underground railroad, extent of, 318 interesting narrative concerning. 325 origin of, 317 Uniformi introduced on railroads. 688 Union army, aggregate number of men in. 1861-65. 244 United Presbyterian church. 203. 271 of Butler County, 423 of Clarion County, 120 of Crawford County. 425 of Mercer County, 430 of Venango County. 433 States, demand for coal in, 717 first tunnel in. 68; money, denominations of. 344
747
INDEX
United States, output of bituminous coal in, 717 Universalist church of Crawford County, 424
V
Venango County, advantages possessed by, 621 area of, 621 Baptist church, 433 court called by means of tin horn, 634 Cumberland Presbyterian church, 433 first court held in, 633 court-house erected in, 633
formation of, 621
in the war of 1812, 632
location of county seat, 632
Methodist church, 432
Mormon converts in, 636
natural curiosities of, 629
pioneer academy in, 634 doctor in, 634 mail route in, 634 newspaper in, 443 road through, 635 school-house of, 633
population of, 1800-1840, 621
Presbyterian church, 432
principal productions of, 629
resources of, 621
Roman Catholic church, 433 statistics, 363 streams of, 621 surface of, 621
United Presbyterian church, 433
Venison jerk, 168
Vocations of women in 1840, 410
Volunteer minute men of 1812, 483 Vulcanized rubber patented, 367
W
Wages of American soldiers, 244 Wagon, of 1840, description of, 395 " Walking purchase," 38 War-dance, description of, 29 Democrats, 669 Warrants granted by lottery, 63 apportionment of, 65
Warren, capital of Warren County, 637 churches at, 642 County, area of, 637 Baptist church, 433 boundaries of, 650 Brokenstraw township erected, 652 commissioners to run boundaries of, 651
Congregational church, 433
Cornplanter reservation, 649
dimensions of, 637 early settlers in, 638
first judge in, 654
formation of, 637
location of county seat, 642
lumbering in, 645
Methodist church, 433
pioneer court in, 652 officers, 652 newspaper in, 443
population of, 1800-1840, 637
Presbyterian church, 433
public houses licensed, 653
rafting through, 645 river travel through, 645 settlement of, retarded, 641 sketches of judges of, 654, 655
stage-coach travel in, 658
statistics, 364 streams in, 637 surface of, 637 villages of, 647-649
established, 74 Holland Land Company establish store at, 64I incorporated, 642
Lumberman's Bank at, 646
pioneer ministers of, 657 public buildings in, 642, 657 Wars of the United States, 1775-1865, 244 Washington's, Lieutenant-Colonel, objec- tions to Braddock's road, 201 Lodge, No. I, I. O. O. F., 434
Watches and clocks in 1840, 406 Waterford and Erie Turnpike, 469 Erie County, salt warehouses at, 469 established, 74 Wayne's treaty, 1795, 70 Weasel, the, 133 appetite of, easily satisfied, 134
748
INDEX
Weasel, changes of coat of, with seasons, I34 homes of the, 134 physiognomy of, 133 poultry yard frequently visited by, 134 Weather prognosticators, 489 Weddings in 1780, 19 Wellsborough, county seat of Tioga County, 610 early settlers near, 610 first church building erected in, 620 first public school building in, 620 incorporated, 616 origin of name of, 616 pioneer Methodist church services in, 620 tavern-keeper in, 620 post-office opened in, 619 Presbyterian church of, organized, 620 Wesley, Rev. John, 278
preaches pioneer Methodist ser- mon in America, 279
Western Penitentiary, 659 Pennsylvania, early settlers in, 199 explored by Christopher Gist, 199 pioneer settlement of, 199 Theological Seminary, 659 Westminster confession and catechism adopted, 276 Where Odd Fellows came from, 434 Whigs in Brookville in 1840, 388 Whiskey drinking, evil effects of, 422 free in 1840, 415 insurrection, 1791-1794, 421 White slavery, 330 nature of, in Rome, Greece, and Europe, 310 origin of, 310 Who skinned the nigger, 290 Wild animals, natural life of, 136 cat, 130 habitat of, 130 nest of, 131 young of, 13I pigeon, early home of, 507 turkey, the, 136, 139, 227 Wildey, Thomas, founder of American Odd Fellowship, 434
Winter amusements in 1840, 389 Winters in 1840, severity of, 393 Wolf, bounty on head of, 119 endurance in a race, 132 gray or timber, 118 habits of the, 177 in the tail, treatment of. 392 pen, description of, 122 persistence in hunting. 132 pup, raising, 120 trap, 123 Wolverines, 123 Wolves, act for killing of, 172 calling, trick of, 158 how deer are hunted by, 177 Women admitted to the bar, 409 apparel of, in 1840, 391 higher education of, 409 in 1840, home occupations of. 391 industrial rights of women in 1840. 410 married, legal rights of. 408 religious rights of, in 1840, 410 vocations of, in 1840. 410 Wooden clocks made. 367 Woodpecker, the, 144 courtship of, 144 feeding young, 144 friend of the orchard. 144 red-headed, 144 yellow-breasted. 145 World's coal-producing territory, 718
Y
Yates, Arthur G., 711 Year without a summer, 1816. 300 Young deserter sentenced to be shot, 670 life saved by W. J. MeKnight. 670
Z
Zeisberger, Rev. David, 40, 258 establishes mission of Frieden- schnetten, 200 pioneer missionary in Forest County, 528 preaches to the Indians. 250
2250
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