USA > Pennsylvania > Dauphin County > Commemorative biographical encyclopedia of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania : containing sketches of prominent and representative citizens and many of the early Scotch-Irish and German settlers. Pt. 1 > Part 3
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-Romberger, B. W.
1108
- Roniberger, Cyrus, 1125
-Romberger, Daniel, 1101
- Romberger, Edward, 1126
- Romberger, G. J., SOS
- Romberger, Henry . 905
- Romberger, Howard Li 901
- Romberger, Joseph I'., 903
- Romberger, John A ... 1125
-Romberger, Samuel B ... .. 1101, 917
SZO
Redmond, Thomas Il.
567
Roop, John S
$20
Reed, Dr. J. J
Reed. Elijah,
Reed, George Engard, 622
- Reed, George W
620
Roshon, John William,
591
Ross, Joseph.
263
Reed, Philip. .
Roel. Reuben S
506
Koel, Robert,
506
Reed, Robert L.
795
-Read. Samuel B.
620
Reed. William Ii.
- Reel, Samuel O .. Rehrer, Henry L
-Rebier. Thomas Jefferson. 219
Reichert, David J.,.
040 Rudy. Joseph, 298
Bily, Josepb, 328
Reider. Abraham II., 01.
Rrider. Jacob, S.
765
Reiff. Jacob L ...
7700
Reigle. Andrew.
Keily, Capt. John.
304
Runk, Philip. 909
Runt. Rov. Jacob. 909
Rupp, John Il. 1000
IMpp, Samtal, 1009
Rupp, Samuel E. 1014
Inss. James, . €18
617
-Reinick, Thomas.
13S
61S
Renninger. Martin,
313
Russ, William.
618
Rettinger. Charles,
1191
Rutherford, Abner.
236
Ratherford, Abner. 1001
- Rutherford. Capt. Tol 177
Rutherford, Francis W 1048
Peters, Benjamin Snyder, $35
Richardson. John T. 535
- Ricker. George T.,. 1049
Rutherford, John, 108
Rutherford, John Brisben. 229
Rutherford, John EdInmind, 1018
Rickert. John,
1052
Rutherford, John E. 1018
-Rutherford, John M. 771
Rutherford, Jolm P. 1013
Rutherford, John Parke, . 1012
-Riegel, Samuel, 1003 Rutherford, John Parke. 220
Rutherford, Levi, M. D. 365
Ruibeford, S. A 1016
Rutherford, Samuel II., 1022
Rineard. Samuel W. 949 Rutherford, Samuel. 771
835
Rutherford, Samuel S. B., 1011
Rutherford, W. F., 1001
- Rinkenbach, Edward L. 588 Rutherford, William, 1001
Rutherford, William, 1011
Rutherford, William W., M. D., 363
- Ryan, Charles W. 718
- Ryan, John, 718
- Potter, Lovi.
-Prowell. Dr. William I 1047
- Push, William, 543
- Quickel, Ilenry F., 590
- Rambler, L.conard C.
Ran:bler, Michael Backeustoc, 807
- Rambler, Robert A., M. D., Ramsey. Thomas,
-Rain. W. If.,.
Bauch, Bernard,
712
- Rauch, James M., 1150
-- Rich, John N., 1140
- Rauch, Samuel .J. 1154
-Rawn, Charies C ...
940
Rawn, Charles Coatesworth, -127
955
- Raysor, John. . Rend, Capt. Adamı, 169
- Ream. Abraham.
970
. Redmond, Andrew.
567
Koop. John, .
Ross, Harry C ....
603
Rosa, Robert Jamies ..
231
Roninfort, Augustus L 044
641
- Roumfort, Charles I.,. -Row, Jacob,
758 758
.- Row. Jonas. . Rowland, James, 1187
Royal, John Kelker, .553
Rudy, C. Landis, 328
Ruby, Charles W 635
Reichert, Heury. .
805
957 Rudy, Michael, Hummel, Jobu L., Itumpt, Charles C 505
Runk, P'pilip, 48
Reily, George Wolf, M. D.,
367 186
- Heils, John.
- Heils, John W. 521,
938
- Refiy, Inther, M. D.,
355
-- Reinert, Hiram.
795
. Russ, Narcissus, Russ, Patrick.
- Rewalt, Dr. J. W ... Rexroth, G. William,
562 09-1
Peters, Benjamin G., 469
Peters, D. Augustus. 997
Ricker, Uriah, 795
Rickert, Hartman, 49
Rider, John. GS2
-Rider. Michael, 710
-Riegel, .Jacob, 1003
-Riegle, Benjamin, 1074
- Riegle. Harrison, S90
· Rife, J. N.,. 779
Ringland, Dr. John.
Ringland, John. .
338
Ritchie, Josiah, 376
Ritzman. Andrew, 1084
Ritzman, A. S. 896
- Roberts, James W 554
~ Robinson, Philip. . 169
-. Rambler. Henry B., . 3St Rockafellar, Thomas B., 470
808 Rop, Edward J.
386
200
931
923 Rose, Harvey J 615 -Rose, Wilnam John, . 512 795
363 633
Heed, John B.
1013
623
973
Pearson, Judge J. J.,
"- Potteiger, Jacob,
xvii
- Sanderson. George 313
- Sangree, Rev. Milion HI.
- Sankoy, James W Saul, Charles H., M. D. 1050
- S.mnl. Henry K.,. 539 247 Shireman, Willison, 836
- Savage, James,
- Sawyer, Thenris, 731
- Sawyer, Thomas J SS1,
- Sawyer, Wilbam, Ji.
-- Sawyer, William, Sr. 138 Schacifer. Dr. Cria !: R. Schaffer, Benjamin Franklin. 558
-Schaffter, Daniel,
- Schatfuer, D. W., M. D., Sebefter. Theodore P Scheffer, Thomas Jefferson
573
Scheib, Charles Monroe.
Scheffler. Henry W.
1127
Senlayer, Andrew, Schlayer, Jaenh.
-- Seldayer. Jacob I Schlosser, Andrew.
965
-Schmenky, Jalmb M. D 901
- Saluniaky. Gerney M., M. D., .1141 Schooley, William G. $10 590 Schriver, Charles C.,
Schriver. Corncins,
530
- Schultz, Leonard.
- Sehnbauer, Jacob C .. 11.45
Seal, John Benjamin, 1064
- Selbarn, Ambrew,
Sees, Maj. Ohver Washington,
Sees. William Edwards.
- Seiber, Charles F 539
Seibert, George.
Seibert. W'm. Henry, M. D., 959. 75
Seiler, Christian, M. D., 362
- Seiler, Jeremiah, M. D. 801
Spitz. J. Landi-, M. D.
Seitz, Noah 11
285
Seiser, Samuel S ..
841 572
Sensenig, Isaac. Sensenig. Isabe B., M. D.
- Sergeant, William.
5.0
-Seubert, Rev. Father, F. C ..
-Shaulel, David J.,
Sluefer. George.
Schaefer. Michael.
Shaffer, Clinton E.
566
Shatfer, Elias, .
-Shaffer, George
938
- Simmons, Col. O. B. 313
- Simmons, Col. Seneca
Simon, Dr. Samuel H.
943
. Shaffner, Gabriel.
.- Shaffner. George.
1020
- Shafiner, Henry C., 615
- Shaunno, William. 241
-Shanahan, Jeremiab F., D. D., 274
-Chartle, Jolin, GS6
Sheafer, Maj. Henry Jackson .. 249
Sheafer, Michael,
227 Sloan, Alexander,
226
Sheafer, Wood K.
469
Shearer, Josepl: 1 ..
608
Sloan, William. 145
Steese. Josiah G ..
- Steever, Aaron M., 401 401
- Steever, James,
-Stenec, Eohriam Elijah, S73
- Stern. Emanuel,
572
- Sheetz, George,
1139
-Sheetz, John,
754
-Smith, Edwin B., D. D. S.
393
- Stevens. Jolm C., M. D.
388
-- Stewart, Andrew,
184
- Stewart, David,
214 2,82
- Stewart, Ingh, Stewart, Jolin,
171 147
-Stewart, John M., Stewart, Lazarus, Jr., 147 146
Stewart, Robert Templeton. 200
- Stewart, Samnel,
- Still, Samnel G.,
- Stine, Dariel P., $92
Shank Samuel, 667 Smull, John Augustus, 340
Shepier, Jacob II 840 Snmuller, George, 229
Sherer. Joseph, 175
Sherer, Samio!
175
-Sunvely, John II., D. D. S. 1950
- Snavely, Joseph. 072
- Snavely, Joseph K.
Shirenat, Aaron. 8336 - Snavely, M. N.
Saavely, William J.
-Stodgrass, Benjamin.
-Shodgrass. Rev. James
-Snodgrass. James, Snodgrass. Robert. 215,
190
Shiro, Jacob.
Shive, Edward I ... 1160
Shoch. Michael,
Shoemaker, George J
206
Shoemaker. Houver,
41:7 Suyder. John.
117
Shoop, Daniel, 7514 Snyder, John A.
711
Shoop, Rov. James, 024 Snyder, John Benj.
1000
Sayder. John Christian,
745
Snyder, John D ..
Snyder. John D.
023
Shope. Andrew
357
Snyder, Joseph,
Snyder, Josiah,
740 859
Snyder. Peter C.,
400
Snyder. William,
Snyder, William.
835 406
. Soell. John.
Soell, John. Sr ..
Soli, Banidl W
Soles, John,
Super, Hares .
Soper, Leander V. B.
586
- Nelliard. John ff
- Sourbier, George H., 050
- Yourbier, George H., Jr. 651
Spahr, John,
100
Spahr. Joby IL.,
49C
Spahr, William A ..
407
Spayd, Clarence E., 341,
351
Spayd, J. W ..
3-49
Spirer. Charles A., 559
- Spicer, Heury,
- Spicer, J. Houry
- Spiller, Adam G., 1050
Spracht. Harry W 1127
Sponsler, Albert U.,
SS5
Sponsler. Join, STO
Spousler. Josopl: D. 1131
Sponsler, Samnel B ..
Stackpole. W. J., 135.
Stable. Noah L.,
709
201 - Stanford, Bishop W. 99.
Stanford. Vincent W.
Stanley, Alfred G.,
1142
- Stauffer David H .. 037
Stanffer, Rev. J. J.
1128
- Stecher, Rev. Henry Steckel, Rev. L. D .. 1108.
$39
- Steckley, Rev. Matthew, 276
Stephenson, John D. 1/10
Stephenson. John L .. , 1010
Steele, Gen. James.
191
Strese, Alfred David.
875 874
- Sheesley, Daniel.
-- Smeltzer, David M. 1151
237 956 Smith, Andrew C., 949
479
Smith, Charles G.,
625
- Sheesley, William,
478
- Sheetz, Carson Asbury
757
-Smith, David II.,
-Smith, Daniel MI.
411
Smith, Frederick E.
Smith, George, Smith, Henry,
-Smith, Jacob
780
Smith, John C.,
412
Smith, Michael, 411
395
Sheuk, Christian,
Shrenk, Cyrus G.
667
Smith, Simen. . 762
Smith, Wellington I., M. D .. . . 1166
710 Smith, William C., M. D.,. 797
Shenk, John M.
667 Smith, William O .. 634
-Stine, Frederick A Stine, George W.,
636
Sbank, Adam Rt.
710
Smith, Peter. Smith, Poter 1. 509
Stewart, Lazarns, Sr.,
Shenk, Cyrus G ..
Shenk, Daniel,
1138 758 754
- Sheetz, William J. Shelly, Daniel,
130
Shelly, J. O ..
664
-Sheetz, Samuel,
1139
- Sheetz, Washington,
- Sheetz, William II.
SOT 1020 615
-- Sinonton, Hon. John W., 431,
433
-Simonton, Willim,
Simonton, William, M. D.
Simpson, John, ...
142
- Simpson. Murray, Siple, W. II ..
182 671
. Sitlinger, Isaac.
981 079
- Sies, William H. H.
495
Sinons. Edward, Sinmis, Sauriol,
495
-Simmons. George Washington.
236
-. Shaffer, Willam S
-Shaffer. Aaron,
- Shaffner, Francis W
- Sinonton, Rov. AshInl Green ..
271
Shun, Henry Lawrence,
Sible, John S.,
Kilde, D'olt. .
1000
-Abreiner, Aaron,
D. 1
Shriver, Jolm A
Shriver, Henry.
711
Simies. Daniei.
Shu !! , Dr. William MI.
Shnitz, John,
761
Shultz. Jostina.
Shuimberger. J. C .. -4761
173
Shuuk, Gov. P'ranes Ravn, 208
Shank, James Finely. 345
857 IST =96
Chope, Henry
Snope. Dr. Jacob,
-Shope. Jacob W.
#16
- Shope, A. J., M. D.
. Shope, C. B .. Shope, David!,
796
- Shope, David, M. D.
.
- Shope. Elias L., M. D. 973 CO-4
-Shape, George L' Shope, George W
714
Shirk, Simon,
783
-Smiller, George. 899
Sherizer. Benjamin 715
-Shields. JJames D.,. 547
- Shirk, Jacob S. 71.4
Shirk, Michae !.
- Snyder. Charles Albright, Snyder, Emannel, 1010
Snyder, George William 945
573
Shoop, JJohn. 779
Shope, Abrahan W 871
Shope. Rev. Adam 1 ..
Snyder, Peter,
Snyder, William H ..
5.13 648
120 518
-Shope, Nathaniel,
956
208
1447 481
210 352
Sloan, Robert, 145
-Smith, Charles II., M. D., 798 958
Stence. Benjamin F.,
. Stevens. Rev. B. F.,
997 788 1176
- Stewart, Rev. George B.,
,809
Sheesley, John HI.
-Sheesley, John HI.
INDEX.
xviii
INDEX.
Weaver, Philip, 1075
Weber. William, 546
-- Webner, Aaron, 1130
-Weise, Adamı. 140
-Welker, Joshua, 869
Wels, James B.
Wendel. Rev. Jacob Hago R.
Wenrich, Francis, 10551
Wenriek, Francis, 200
Wenrick, Peter, 200
Werner, Jaroh, ¡10
-Westfall, John C.,. 925
- Whiteside, George A
565
- Whitesile, John E. 15
Whitesale. John Efron, ..
-. Whitley. Capt. Michael, 5
- Whitman. Bartholomew.
Whitman. John. .
-Whitman, William, ?
Whitmer, Abraham
Whitmoyer. Simon.
Whitney, Everett E.,
1024
-Whitney, James B ..
115G
Wickersham, Frauk B
Wier, James Wallace,
. Vier, James Wallace
Strite, George W.
. Streck. Jacob.
707
. Strock, John H.,
707 483
Stroh. Isaac F., Stroh, Winfehl Scott.
Strominger, Daniel,
514
Strominger. Frank.
514
Stroup, John B.,. 1096
-Stronp. John C., M. D., 1995, 1097
- Stroup, J. Harry, 1191 Stroup, Peter. 1095
Stronp, Sande! B ... 1099
.. Stroup. N. W., M. D., 1050, 1097
- Strart. Andrew. Staan. Her. John, 146
. Stucker, George B .. 416 Stneker, Peter. 416
Stielebaker. Clement, 63S
.. Siutsman, doba P.,
Swab, Aaron, 1103
Swab, Danie!, 1102
Swab, Eli, 1111
Swab. Isaac. 1106
Wakemeyer. Frederick R.
Wir, Harry.
996
Waiker. James, 1015
Wilvert. Henry E ...
SOS
Swab. Jacob, 1105
Swab, Jacob, 1111
Swab, John D. 1197
Swab, John G. 1120
Wallace. John J.,
1170
Winebrenner. Rev. John, 611.
263
Swab, John Jacob, 1111.
Swab. Jonas. .
1102
Wallace. Robert. 507
Wingert, Jesse.
312
Wallace, Samuel T. 1171
Wallace, Thomas L. 507
Withers, Samuel,
503
Wallace, William L., 1171 193
WVitman, Daniel, ..
Witman, Henry Orth, M D., . 958
-Wallis, Joseph.
Witman, John, 812
- Wallis, Roberi.
618
- Wadllis, William.
619
Witman, John Otto, 356
Witman, R. E., $50 660
-Walmer, George
·- Witmer, Christian,
568 . Witmer, Daniel, 926
660
- Walmer, Henry G.,
671
-Walmer. John,
-Witmer, Peter,
667
-Templar, Joseph E .. 044
Tenney, Frank, 1020
Thomas, Harry I ..
517-
Thomas. Herbert. 515-
Walter, John S.,
384
. Waiton, Allen,
669 690 Wolfe, Gov., .. 672 Wolfe, Leroy J.,
447
Thomas. Peres.
Thome. Charles V. M. M. D., 712
W :: 1%. Daniel.
952
Thompson. James Baxter, 59%. 303
. Thorhy. Samuel.
Thorky. Thomas A., Till. John, 229
Tod. Hon, John.
Towson. James A
Weaver, Joseph,
870 646
Wynn, Webster,
S02
- Trasy. David E ..
- Traver, David B., M. D. 1033
. Trubiager, George L ... 973
- Trulinger. John F., 952
- Torns, Willian, 140
- T'hler, Frederick, 463
-Tihler, Frederick B .. 541
-Odler. Dewy 413
-Thber. Jeremiah. 584
Timer, Jacob, 714
Tirich. Adam, .5.41
-- Ulrich. Isaac. 073 8-12
Ulrich, Marion, M. D.,
Ulrich, Sylvester, M. D.
Tharich, William 11 ..
Ulsh. Jacob M ...
I'mberger, Dr. David.
l'inberger. Henry L.,
I'mberger, John.
S44
I'mberger, John R., M. D .. 845.
Uidholtz. Emaunel.
890
- I'mholtz. Henry, 149
Finger, John J.
Urich, Jobn .J. 700
-Trich, Samuel. 550
-Frich. Solomon, 570 Wirriau, Thomas T., GAT ,
Wierman, Thomas T .. Jr ..
.. VimCamp, William L 6-11
VanHorn. William, 117
Vanier, George P. 1050
Vaugha. 11. Patrick. 551
. Verbeke, James C., M. D. 351
-Virbeko, Marion. 6:56
Verbeke. William K 317
Volhner, Charles T
Yollanes, Harry 495 Williams, Edward Charles, 35, 241
115 Wagner, Frederick R 843
Wagner, George. 937
Waguer, George W 524
Wagner, Henry. 937
Wagner. John.
WEHiard, John Peter. 1.93
. Wilson, Henry, Mi. D. 390
-Wiison. Thomas.
. Wilson, Thomas Low ... )
Wilson. William G., 542
Walkspeyer, Hours G+9
Walker. James Rutherford,. 1015
Wilvert, Henry M.,
Wa !!. Richard JJ .. 672
Wimer. L. Edmund ..
Wallace, JJoseph, 208
Winger. Henry C., M. D. 397
-Wirt. Charles I ... 959
Withers, Samael G. 709 950
Swartz, Marcin N ..
837 461
Swartz, Robert II .. 561
-Swartz, Rov. Solomon I ... 937 Sultzaberger. D. O.,
. Sweigard, Daniel. Sto
- Sweigart, Michael, S72
Taylor, William. 725
-- Taylor, William II .. 470
568 568 330
Wolf. Elias,
Wolf. Franklin. 773,
S15
Thomas. James M .. 518 651.
Thomas, Martin.
177-
-Walton, Allen K. Walton. Robert J
"Wolfersberger, Levi. 1140
Worden, Henry M. F. 550
Worden. James II ... 547
-- Worley, Rev. Daniel A. M., 267
166
Weaver, Adam G. Weaver. David B.
026
- Wyeth, Francis,
- Wyeth. John. .
222
- Stine, John P .. 892
Stine, Josiah, P. 1129
- Stine, Poter E., -Stine, Peter I.
- Stine. Rev. Milton H.,
- Stites. George JI., M. D., 11.51
Story, Jelor R.,
488
.- Stuur, Milton J .. Storey, James B. Story. J. Wilbert.
Stouffer, Elias F ...
073
Stonffer. Jacob W -- Stout. David Oberlin.
- Stranahan. Japus A ..
- Stranb. Ainos, 924
- Straub. Williama.
912 817
Strayer, Abrabim.
-Strayer. Horace R ..
. Strayer, Oliver, I'
- Strayer. Valentine,
752
- Stricker, Albert.
- Striekler, Adan.,
-Strickler, Joseph S.,
- Strickler, Ulrich, Strite, Abraham.
String, Daniel H ..
Wiestling, Benjamin J., M. D .. 362
Wiestling, George P' ..
Wiestling, Joshna M .. M. D .. Westling. Samnel C., 631 151
Wiggins, John.
Wilbert, C. B., 743 743
Wilbert, Levi,
Wibi. John. 649
Williams, Evan, 494
Williams, Frank E. 49-1
Williams, Robert F ..
602
Williams, Thomas M ... 1157, 1079
Willard. Jobn Peter.
Wagner, John R. 842
Wagner, Serell, 941
Walhoru, Levi. 1060
Swailow, S. C. 345 383
-- Swartz, J. Ross. M. D.,
- Swartz, Joshua W .. Swartz, Martin Nissley.
461
-- Wallace. William,
-Wallis. frank J 454 620
Walter. Charles P.
330 783
- Walmer, George,
-Walmer. Noah
- Witmer. Peter,
600 463 S15
Walter. Henry,
Walter, Heury B., M. D., 377, 384 963 Wolf. George W.
Walter William,
Wolf. Jacob E., Wolf, William, 701 163 53
-Thomas, Joseph I ...
Timauson, Alex. F .. . . 1100. 1115
Waitz. Benjamin. Watson. Jackson.
Wangh. Beverly Roberts, Wrast. George B. 248 556 1076
Worrall, Jantes, Worrall, Jobu.
563 -- Weaver, John S
670 913 8.11 634
S17 534
675 687 415 956 415
- Wier, John Andrew ..
19
Witman, bohin A 812
- Witmer, Joseph B.
INDEX.
xix
-Yetter. Samuel L ..
843 - Zeigler, Francis, 523 -- Zimmerman, Jacob, 746
-Yingst. Frederick W
49%)
-- Ziegler, Col. George
196 Zimmerman, John Frederic, 734
- Yingst, Sannel H ..
933 - Zeigler, Jonathan, 1051 -Zimmerman, Peter, 1901
-Young, Harry P., 802. - Zeigler, Richard B .. 523 - Zimmerman, Philip,
-Young, Col. James,
S01- - Zellers, Isaac W., D. V. S., 390 -- Zimmerman, Samnel H.
462
- Yonng. John G., 544. -Zeirn, Clinrles. . 754
- Zimmerman, Solomon.
-Zimmerman. Valentine,
1:16
-Young, Richard,
-Zimmerman, Christian, 735
560
-Zollinger, Elias, Zollinger, George.
498
-Young, Walter S.,
1156 ·- Zimmerman, George Z.,
560 Zollinger, George C.,
498
-Zimmerman, Harrison. 746 Zollinger, John Harris, 498
Zarker, Andrew U ..
325 . Einerman. Henry, 207 - Zollinger, W. A.,
595
-Zarker, Benjamin,
325 - Zimmerman, Henry, S19
245-
Zimmerman, Amos, 745
- Zinn, Anson B .. Zinn. Edward D ..
616
-Yonng. Robert, 152 - Zimmerman. C. D.
505
-- Yonng, Simon Cameron,
802 - Zimmerman, George
240
.
-Young, John Wesley. 440". Zerbe, Jonathan, 1114
Young, Josiah Carothers,
HISTORICAL REVIEW
-OF-
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
CHAPTER 1.
The Early Settlers-Scotch-Irish and German.
In a brief resunie of the history of the county of Dauphin it is out of place to treat of the Aborigines and even of the early his- tory of the State of Pennsylvania, save when some allusion to either may be deemed nec- essary. We proceed, therefore, to give an account of the settlement of the pioneers on the Susquehanna within the limits of our own county domain. The Founder of Penn- sylvania is certainly deserving of grateful remembrance for his efforts to settle his Province, to protect the pioneers and to fos- der their industry and thrift. He was a re- markable man in many respects, and his "Frame of Government" is a model un- equailed by the laws of any of the Colonies or Provinces. The "concessions" agreed upon in England for the encouragement of emigration to his Province was an import- ant factor in that great movement which so materially assisted in building up this west- ern empire, and gave to the world the great State founded in peace. The inducements by Peun to settlers were not confined to right of soil or voice in government, but religious tolerance was guaranteed by him. The law of religious liberty as framed by him, and passed by the first Assembly at Chester on the 10th of December, 1682, was the first act of toleration ever given to any people in the history of nations.
Owing to this toleration on the part of the Proprietary of Pennsylvania, that Province became a refuge and home to the people of all creeds and religious beliefs. It is true that during the life time of the Founder lib- erty of conscience was not questioned, but at a later period, we regret to say, his religious adherents would have throttled tolerance had they not feared revolution.
The Scotch-Irish Immigration.
Following the advent of the Founder with his adherents, the Welsh and English Qua-
kers, came the emigration of the German, Swiss and the Scotch-Irish, aud it is proper in this place to give an account in brief of both these migrations, illustrative of the character of the people who first settled the county of Dauphin, and to whom after the lapse of over a century and a half it has risen to be one of the most thrifty, produc- tive, enterprising and populous counties of the Commonwealth.
Of the coming of the Scotch-Irish, much has been said and written, and as the car- liest settlers within the limits of the county of Dauphin belonged to these people, some account of this remarkable race is appropri- ate liere. The question naturally arises, who were the Scotch-Irish ? At the first it was used as a term of reproach, but to us it has become a synonym of enterprise, intelligence, patriotism and religious fervor.
It was during the reign of good Queen Bess-the proud Elizabeth of all England- that through treason, tyranny and rebellion, the Province of Ulster, especially the coun- ties of Down, Londonderry, and Antrim, Ire- land was reduced to the lowest extreme of poverty and wretchedness, while its moral and religious state was scarcely less deplor- able.
Soon after the accession of James I., O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone, and O'Donnell, the Earl of Tyrconnel, were falsely accused of having arranged a plot against the gov- ernment. An accusation being at those times tantamount to a conviction, compelled those thus arraigned to fly the country, leav- ing their extensive estates (about five liun- dred thousand acres) at the mercy of the king, who at once confiscated them. A sub- sequent supposed threatened insurrection. promptly suppressed, gave occasion for an- other large forfeitnre, and nearly. six entire counties in the Province of Ulster were se- questrated and subjected to the disposal of the crown. Any country passing through such an ordeal of turbulence could not be otherwise than almost depopulated, with re-
2
HISTORICAL REVIEW
sources wasted and the cultivation of the soil in a great measure abandoned. And such was the true condition of Ulster. To repeople the country it was determined to in- vite the settlement of Protestants from Eng- land and Scotland, and hence liberal offers of land were made for colonists to occupy this wide and vacant country, the better to preserve order, to establish more firmly the British rule, and to secure loyalty. The project was easily embraced, companies were forined, and individuals withoutorganization were tempted to partake of the advantageous offers of the government. A London eom- pany -- among the first to enter upon the new acquisition-established itself at Derry, and gave such character to the place as to cause it to be known and called the city of Londonderry.
The principal emigration, however, was from Seotland. Its coast is within twenty miles from the county of Antrim, Ireland, and across this strait flowed from the north- east a large population, distinguished for thrift, industry and endurance, and bring- ing with them their Presbyterianism and rigid adherance to the Westminster stand- ards. This was the first Protestant popula- tion that was introduced into Ireland, and the Presbyterians of Scotland who thus fur- nished the largest element have maintained their ascendaney to the present day against all the persevering efforts of the govern- ment church.
The Province of Ulster, in consequence of this influx of population, greatly revived and continued for some years to advance in pros- perity. In time the throne of England was controlled by bigotry and despotism. Per- seeutions of an oppressive nature began in Ulster in 1661, and every expedient was tried to break down the attachment of the people to the faith of their fathers; yet, as is ever the ease, persecution only attached the people the stronger to Presbyterianism.
From Ireland the tide of persecution rolled to Scotland. The latter Stuarts,- Charles II. and James II .- blind to the die- tates of justice and humanity, pursued a system of measures best calculated to wean from their support their Presbyterian sub- jeets who were bound to them by national prejudiee and had been most devoted to their kingly cause, and to whose assistance Charles. II. owed his restoration to the throne. Sir James Grabame, better known as Claverhouse, was sent to Seotland with
his dragoons upon the mistaken mission of compelling the Presbyterians to eonform in their religious worship to that of the estab- lishment ; and from 1670 until the aecession of William and Mary the Covenanters of Seotland worshiped in hidden places and at the peril of their lives.
The attempts of the Stuarts to destroy the religious system so universally established and so dearly cherished by that devoted people was steadily pursued by persecution as eruel and as savage as any which have disgraced the annals of religious bigotry and crime. Many were treacherously and ruth- lessly butchered, and the ministers were pro- hibited, under severe penalties, from preach- ing, baptizing or ministering in any way to their flocks.
There are some matters connected with these persecutions which may not be unin- teresting. From 1660 to 16SS no less than eighteen thousand Scotch Presbyterians were put to death in various ways in defense of the solemn league and covenant and Christ's headship over the Church. In looking over the list of names one is foreibly struck with the fact that among them are the very sur- names of the Scotch-Irish emigrants to this section of Pennsylvania-Allison, Stewart, Gray, Thompson, Murray, Robinson, Ruth- erford, McCormick, Mitchell, Kerr, Todd, Beatty, Johnston, Hamilton, Finley, Mc- Cord, MeEwen, Hall, Boyd, Clark, Sloan, El- der, Forster, Montgomery, Robertson and others. It would thus seem that we have here the lineal deseendants of those who loved not their lives unto the death, but were drowned, hanged, shot, beheaded, and their heads stuck upon poles, their bodies ehopped in pieces and seattered about, in the days of that human monster, Claverhouse. Through their blood shed in defense of reli- gious liberty we enjoy many and great privi- leges.
Worn out with the unequal contest, these persistent and enduring Presbyterians took refuge from persecution-abandoned the land of their birth-and songht an asylum among their countrymen who had preceded them in the secure retreats of Ulster, and thither they eseaped as best they eould, some erossing the narrow sea in open boats. They carried their household gods with them, and their religious peculiarities became more dear in their land of exile for the dangers and sorrows through which they had borne theni.
3
DAUPHIN COUNTY.
This is the race which furnished the popu- lation in the north of Ireland, familiarly known as the Scotch-Irish. This term- American in its origin, and unknown in Ire- land-does not denote an admixture of the Scotch and Irish races. The one did not in- termarry with the other. The Scotch were principally Saxon in blood and Presbyterian in religion ; the native Irish Celtic in blood and Roman Catholic in religion ; and these were elements which could not very readily coalesce. Hence the races are as distinct in Ireland at the present day as when the Scotch first took up their abode in that island. They were called Scotch-Irish simply from the circumstances that they were the de- scendants of Scots who had taken up their residence in the north of Ireland.
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