USA > Pennsylvania > Clearfield County > History of Clearfield County, Pennsylvania : with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 32
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In 1836-37 the free schools for Lawrence township were held in the acad- emy, as is shown by the following report of the superintendent of common schools, 1836-37 : "Trustees kept no school-teachers employed by common schools." The academy trustees subsequently had sessions of school before the common schools began and after they closed, contributing, however, to the support of the teacher of the common schools. Common schools were held here each year until 1840 by Lawrence township, and then by Clear- field borough until 1852.
The following is believed to be a correct list of the additional teachers who taught in the academy from time to time, with the dates of their respective elections, it being impossible to learn the length of time each taught, viz. :
Hugh Caldwell, April 3, 1837 ; salary, thirty dollars per quarter ; Thomas Lever, elected September 8, 1837 ; Adam C. Shaw, March 8, 1839; James H. Rankin, May 6, 1839; W. H. Butler, October 7, 1839; W. L. Martin, April 23, 1840; Lewis Huxthal, June 20, 1840; Jno. L. Cutle, April 24, 1841; Matt. Taylor, January 26, 1842 ; Frederick G. Betts, January 24, 1844 ; W. C. Welch, January 24, 1844 ; Wm. Porter, March 25, 1844 ; J. G. Gordon, July, 1844; Jno. L. Cutle, February 1, 1845 ; Jno. F. Weaver, May 8, 1845 ; Mrs. C. Betts, May 8, 1845 ; Thos. Fulton, January, 1846; Wm. A. Wallace, November 10, 1846; Wm. Hotchkiss, December 1, 1846; Miss Mary D.
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Hotchkiss, August 19, 1847; Cornelia McGee, December 30, 1848 ; Rev. Mr. Merwin, April 26, 1850; Mrs. Wrigley, July 13, 1850; Mr. and Mrs. Catlin, September 28, 1850; W. A. Campbell, July 26, 1854; Joseph Buchannan, , 1857; Rev. J. M. Galloway, January 15, 1858; C. B. Sanford, March 30, 1858; Miss Smith, March 30, 1858; J. M. Galloway, January 31, 1859 ; Miss H. S. Swan, May 16, 1863; Dan'l W. McCurdy, November 28, 1863 ; J. P. Worrell, November 28, 1863 ; Rev. P. L. Harrison, September 23, 1865.
The following persons assisted Mr. Harrison, viz : Miss H. S. Swan, Mrs. Harrison, Miss Byer, Miss Broom, Miss Clark, Miss Smith, Miss Mitchell, Miss Cray, Miss M. McAlpine.
Mr. Harrison quit the academy in 1873, after which Miss H. S. Swan oc- cupied two rooms with a girls' school; R. M. McEnally one room as boys' school, and also for a night school ; I. P. Schaeffer, German school; Miss M. McAlpine occupied one room in which she gave private instruction in instru- mental music.
CLEARFIELD ACADEMY -MISCELLANEOUS.
Phonography .- In 1830-I Dr. A. T. Schryver kept a night school in the academy, at which he taught phonography.
At an early day the services of the Catholic church were held here.
September 7, 1837. Terms of Thomas Lever, (teacher) :
"The use of the academy for a residence, the interest of the $2,000 appro- priated, and to teach
Spelling and reading for $1.50
The above with arithmetic and writing. 2.50
The preceding with geography and grammar 3.00
And with French or Latin. 4.00."
This is perhaps the first teacher who taught French and Latin in the county.
1841, January 23. Permission given Rev. Mr. Wilcox to occupy one room for prayer-meeting.
1843, January 21. "Contract for making desks and seats let to James Wrigley, for the price specified in his proposal, $48."
Union Sunday-school directed to occupy lower room.
1844, October 21. I. G. Gordon employed as teacher of Latin, Greek and mathematics.
1846, March 16. Female teacher directed " to cause her pupils to write compositions."
1846-7. Female school taught in connection with common school.
1851, August 21. Bidwell's hemispherical maps introduced.
1851. Kitchen built by J. C. Whitehill.
1860, February 6. Rev. J. M. Galloway "stated that the academy tuition failed to meet expenses, under his contract, and asked to be released from the remaining two years under his contract."
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HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY.
1865, September 23. Rev. Harrison introduced "Holbrook's Geared Tel- lurean," which his scholars will remember with a peculiar pleasure.
1869-70. The Republican's Friend, a school paper edited by R. D Swoope, esq., was read each week. This was followed by the Democrat's Friend, edited by P. B. Wacthel. Then, as now, these two elements could not get along very well, and were suppressed by the Rev. Mr. H., and a compro- mise and combination effected giving birth to the School Echo, edited by R. D. Swoope and P. B. Wacthel, the lion and the lamb having lain down together. It was concluded that competition was the life of the school, as well as of trade, and a new journal was started- The Independent-edited by J. F. Sny- der, assisted by W. A. Hagerty, esq. These papers thrived for a considerable time.
Ex-Governor William Bigler and Hon. William A. Wallace were elected school directors by the board of trustees under the act of April 17, 1871. Mr. Wallace resigned in 1875 and Governor Bigler subsequently died, thus leaving a vacancy which has never been filled.
J. F. Weaver, G. L. Reed, Rich. Mossop, Jas. B. Graham, Joseph Shaw, James Alexander, and J. B. McEnally, acting trustees, by their deed dated August 25, 1876, recorded in deed book No. 12, page 273, conveyed the academy property to the school district of Clearfield "for the use of the graded schools."
This conveyance practically ends the history of an institution which has done much to advance the cause of education, and though its walls may crumble and decay, we will look upon the place where it stood with reverence,. for it will recall the fact that in years past there stood a building on that spot, within the halls of which we sat and received instruction and discipline so valuable to us in the struggle for success; and then too we will not forget that the first "free schools " of the township of Lawrence and of the borough of Clearfield were opened, thereby giving the advantages of education to the poor as well as to the rich of this community. The teachers of this institution were men and women well qualified for the work which they undertook. Many of them to-day occupy prominent and responsible positions. Some have been highly honored by their fellows, prominent among whom is Hon. William A. Wallace, ex-United States Senator.
Curwensville Academy .- John Irvin, by his deed, dated November 4, 1831, recorded in deed book E, 351, conveyed to Job England, Jno. P. Hoyt, Isaac. Bloom, and Jno. Irwin, jr., trustees of the Curwensville Academy, a piece of ground situate in Curwensville, "being sixty feet square, and the same lot on which the school-house is now being built." This academy only existed as. such for a few years, after which the common schools occupied it, under which head it will be treated more fully.
Female Seminaries .- The superintendent of common schools in his report
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for 1841, page 397, in speaking of this subject with reference to Clearfield county says : "There are no female seminaries." But Mr. Thomas H. Bur- rows in his " State Book of Pennsylvania " (2d edition, page 234), in speaking of Clearfield says : "The literary institutions are an academy, a female sem- inary, and seventy-six common schools."
By referring to the head " Academy Miscellaneous," it will be seen that there was a female school taught here in connection with the common schools, and this we presume is what Mr. Burrows terms " a female seminary," as it is possible that such school was in existence when the first edition of his book was published in 1843.
Miss Swan's School .- In 1868 Miss H. S. Swan established a school for girls, in Clearfield, in the Keystone building, on Second street, between Cherry and Walnut streets. This school was very successful and was continued at the same place until 1873, when it was transferred to the academy, and upon the organization of the Leonard graded schools in 1874 was abandoned. Miss Swan was an excellent teacher-she is now dead. She was assisted by Miss S. Germond, Miss E. Cooper, and Miss Fannie D. James.
Common Schools .- When, or where the first free school was held in the county cannot be definitely determined, but it is very probable that it was either in the Clearfield or Curwensville academies. The system was then in its infancy. Nine of the seventeen districts of the county, we are told, rejected it. We have searched in vain for the record showing what districts these were. From the records found it might be stated with reasonable certainty that Bradford, Burnside, Covington, Chest, Lawrence, Pike, and Penn town- ships all accepted the system in November, 1834, and that Bell, Brady, Deca- tur, Fox, Girard, Jordon, and Jay did so in 1835, Beccaria, Gibson, and Morris doing so in 1836; but this statement is not claimed to be without considerable doubt. The only reliable data found being the report of Thomas H. Burrows, then superintendent of the common schools, who, in his report for 1836-7, says that on November 4, 1834, the whole number of districts in the county was seventeen -accepting, districts eight, not accepting, districts nine. The same authority tells us in his report of 1836-7 that "Williston, Brady and Coving- ton townships received appropriations; that there were four schools in the Williston district with three male and two female teachers; Brady district, four schools and five male teachers; Covington two schools and two male teachers ; that reading, writing, arithmetic, and geography were taught, and the ' character of the teachers respectable and competent ;' good character well qualified."
It is a lamentable fact that the record of these struggles was not more carefully kept, as they would of themselves form an interesting chapter in the educational history of the county. The records in the commissioner's office contain practically all that can be found. There is evidence of the meeting
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HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY.
of the school delegates on May 2, 1836, which meeting is evidenced by the following minutes :
" Received of the commissioners two dollars for attendance as school del- egate.
JAMES McNIEL."
" May 3, 1836.
Payments were made on the same date and on the same account as fol- lows :
James Elder, $3.00; Jesse Kyler, $4.00; James Thompson, $4.00; E. Fenton, $2.00; Abram Leonard (December 6, 1836), $2.00.
Among the interesting things recorded are the following, which will give some idea of the interest taken at that early day in some of the townships :
Fox Township .- "Elizabeth M. Hyatt's school near John Green's; the number of scholars taught is 22 males, 34 females ; total 56; been taught 15 weeks.
" Hannah M. Brockway's school has been taught ten weeks; number of scholars, 8 males and 17 females ; total 25.
" Minerva Horton's school has been taught ten weeks ; number of scholars is 3 males and 12 females; total 15.
" Three schools not opened."
Brady township at this time (1835-6) was divided into six districts, with contracts for building five school-houses, three already raised, others making preparations.
The most interesting of these reports comes from Chest, and is as follows : The school directors from "old Chest, now Chest, Bell and Burnside-"
" Do report that we have put into operation three schools, first, taught by Sarah Snyder three months at $8 per month, in all twenty-four dollars.
2. "By Simon Thompson three months, at fourteen dollars per month.
3. "James Campbell three months, at $16 per month. Rent of school house and stove had for school purposes from John Smith.
" Character of teachers good, as known to us, and kept good rules in scholl. Branches taught, reading and writing and arithmetic. First school, as above stated, had twenty scholars. 20
Second school about thirty 30
Third school about forty .40
" We certify that the above is a true statement of the schools established in 'old Chest now Bell Chest and Burnside townships.'"
As a matter of local interest to Beccaria township, the following minute is given.
" The following is a description of the house in which the citizens of Bec- caria township have proceeded in the school section. On Fryday the 18th day of March [1836] At the township election they elected six directors which was-
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EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS AND INSTITUTIONS.
" Anthony Wright, Joseph Turner, Samuel M. Smith, Wm. Cree, Jacob Leonard, M. C. Robertson, and they met on the next Friday, and elected M. C. Robertson for delegate who met in Clearfield town at the delegate meeting and voted for a school, and then within the space of twenty days met again and organized by appointing Anthony Wright president, Samuel M. Smith treasurer, M. C. Robertson secretary. Then we proceeded to divide the town- ship into five schools it being as few as we could put the township off with. Each school will have twenty-five scholars above four years old, and then we ordered an election to see if the people would have an additional day and they said not."
This report was made in 1836.
It cannot be definitely settled at what date the first common school was held in Brady township, but it is very probable that it was in 1836 or 1837. John Carlisle was employed to teach it. In speaking of this school he says : " There were no primaries; all Brady was the district; all came who wanted to or could come. I soon found I was overwhelmed. I had a Bible and Testa- ment class, after that all kinds. Whatever the parents had they would send their children with, old torn spelling books and primers of all varieties. The house was crowded ; some came a long way." Westly Horn was employed to assist Mr. Carlisle, each taking one end of the room. Mr. C. also says : "We soon had eighty scholars on our list, and over sixty of an average." Cobb's was the first regular series of books introduced. He also says, " then came a new set of teachers, the Seylers, the Arnolds, John Reams, Westly Horn, and others."
It is not the province of this article to give a detailed account of the county, and these few incidents have been cited merely to show that there was some activity upon this question. Leaving these matters for local historians we will now turn to the
Common Schools of Clearfield Town and Borough .- The first common schools held in the town of Clearfield were held under the management of the school directors of Lawrence township in 1834-5 or 1835-6, in the Clearfield Academy. The academy trustees usually had two months school before and after the three months of common schools. The same teachers were employed by both and were jointly supported, the trustees paying from $2 to $6 per month on account of the salaries. The schools continued to be taught in this way until 1840, when the town of Clearfield became a borough.
From 1840, the date of the incorporation of Clearfield borough, until the fall of 1852, the common schools for the borough were held in the academy under the same arrangement with reference to payment of teachers, as that had by school directors of Lawrence township.
In 1851 George Thorn, as contractor, erected the "Town Hall " which, by the way, was the first common school building erected in the borough. The 39
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HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY.
first school was opened in this building in the fall of 1852. The "Town Hall" was located on Pine street on lot No. 90, and immediately east of the Presby- terian Church. It was a two story brick structure about 30 by 50, with two rooms down stairs and one large room or hall on the second floor. Besides being used for school purposes, it served as a place of amusement. Ventrilo- quists, magicians and magic lanterns met and amused the populace here. Singing schools and spelling schools also found place. "Lockouts " were not strangers here, one being recalled which lasted several days. All efforts to obtain a correct and chronological list of teachers have resulted in failure. Upon the best information we find that the following persons were among the teachers : H. B. Smith, first teacher, 1852-3, A. P. Moore, T. J. Mccullough and Eliza Livergood, (first female teacher) Mr. Ferguson, - Permit, W. S. Bradley, William M. Mccullough, Charles B. Sandford and John G. Hall (1857-8), John H. Fulford, Mr. Bingham, J. McGaughey, C. B. Sanford, Mr. Prideaux, Mr. Smith, Mrs. Liddle née Swan, Miss H. S. Swan, Miss Hannah Spackman, Mrs. W. J. Hoffer née Walters, Mrs. Mary Cooper née Sackett, George W. Snyder, Mr. Innis. Private schools were taught in summer seasons by many of the then young ladies of the town, in this building. The build- ing continued to accommodate the common schools of the town until 1872. In the fall of the previous year the school directors, by deed dated the 4th of November, 1871, recorded in deed book vol. 5, 367, in consideration of $1,800, purchased the old Methodist Church property on Cherry street and fitted it up for school purposes, using it in conjunction with the "Town Hall," it being occupied by J. F. McKenrick, A. W. Mulholland, Mrs. Hoffer née Walters, and part of the time by Miss Mary Riley, Mrs. Ella Morgan, Miss Ella Doyle, the " Town Hall " school being taught at this time by Mr. I. P. Schaefer.
In 1871, April 17, the Legislature of Pennsylvania passed an act entitled " An Act to establish graded schools in Clearfield."
The preamble reading as follows:
" Whereas, Legislation is necessary for the purpose of establishing, in the borough of Clearfield, a system of graded schools in which the rudiments and lower English branches shall be taught free, and the higher English branches and languages and classics shall be taught at moderate prices, and in order to secure to the children of all citizens thereof an academical education, if they desire it, and to insure the keeping open of the schools the longest period pos- sible, in each year, consistent with the resources of the taxpayers therein ; and
" Whereas, It is believed that these objects can be obtained by uniting the resources and management of the common schools in said borough, under an arrangement, made by authority of law; therefore," etc.
The Act consists of five sections, the first of which gives "The trustees of the Clearfield Academy power to sell and convey into the school district of the borough of Clearfield the academy lots, subject to the express condition
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EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS AND INSTITUTIONS.
that the same shall be used for the purpose of a public or graded school, in which all the English branches, mathematics and the classics shall be taught."
Section two authorized the directors to sell the lots on which the town hall and the newly acquired houses stood.
Section three fixes the number of directors at eight-six of whom are to be elected by the people and two every two year by the trustees of the Clear- field Academy. Authority is given to erect building, borrow money, and issue bonds.
Section four regulates the supervision of the schools, and directs that lower branches shall be taught free.
Section five authorizes the trustees of the academy to appropriate money towards the erection of building. A supplement to this act was passed April 9, 1872, authorizing the erection of the school-house upon any other ground that might be purchased for that purpose.
On May 2, 1873, James T. Leonard, et al., by their deed recorded in Deed Book, Vol. 4, p. 153, in consideration of the sum of " one dollar and a desire upon the part of the said James T. Leonard to advance the cause of education in the borough of Clearfield," conveyed to the school district of Clearfield bor- ough the lots " known as the David Litz foundary property," upon which the Leonard Graded School building now stands.
The school district, by their deed dated October 17, 1874, recorded in Deed Book, Vol. 7, p. 242, conveyed the town hall and Methodist Church properties to James B. Graham for $3,445.
The trustees of the academy conveying the academy property, as herein- before stated by deed of August 25, 1876.
LEONARD GRADED SCHOOL.
The building, a fine brick, stands on an elevated spot overlooking the town from the east. It is divided into ten apartments, one of which is occupied by the Leonard Library Association's library.
The first school was opened in this building in September 28, 1874, under the most promising circumstances. Great interest was manifested by the whole public, which was given voice by an opening, or dedication exercise, in the Opera House on Friday, October 9, 1874, at which the following exer- cises were held :
I. Prayer, Rev. A. D. Yocum ; music, Clearfield orchestra. 2. Hon. W. A. Wallace, on behalf of the board, presented the building to the citizens. 3. Dr. R. V. Wilson accepted building on behalf of the citizens. 4. Dedica- tory prayer, Rev. H. S. Butler. 5. Address, " Graded Schools," J. P. Wick- ersham, State superintendent of common schools. 6. Address, Ex-Governor William Bigler. 7. Address, Rev. H. S. Butler. 8. Benediction, Rev. H. S. Butler.
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HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY.
The task of properly grading the schools fell upon the principal, Prof. G. W. Fortney, and I. P. Schaeffer, assistant, who proved themselves equal to the emergency. He found everything in confusion, but soon systematized and graded the schools so effectually that B. C. Youngman, succeeding Mr. Fortney as principal, adopted their arrangement, which, with such improvements as time made necessary, is still in force.
The following is a complete list of all the teachers employed in this institu- tion up to this date, viz. :
1874-5 .- G. W. Fortney, I. P. Schæfer, Miss H. S. Swan, J. F. McKen- rick, A. R. Reed, Miss Fannie D. James.
1875-6 .- B. C. Youngman, I. P. Schæfer, Miss H. S. Swan, J. F. McKen- rick, Miss Mattie Morrison, Miss Fannie D. James, Miss E. A. P. Rynder.
1876-7 .- B. C. Youngman, F. G. Harris, Miss H. S. Swan, J. F. McKen- rick, Miss E. A. P. Rynder, Miss Mary W. Moore.
1877-8 .- B. C. Youngman, Frank G. Harris, Miss H. S. Swan, J. F. Mc- Kenrick, Miss E. A. Rynder, Miss Mary W. Moore.
1878-9 .- B. C. Youngman, Frank G. Harris, Miss Ada Ale, J. F. McKen- rick, Miss Hattie Moore, Mrs. Mary W. Shaw.
1879-80 .- B. C. Youngman, Frank G. Harris, Miss Ada M. Ale, Matt. Savage, Miss Hattie R. Moore, Miss Mabel McGeorge, Miss Carrie M. Flegal. 1880-1 .- B. C. Youngman, F. G. Harris, Matt. Savage, L. E. Weber, W. E. Tate, Miss Kate M. Mitchell, Miss Carrie Flegal.
1881-2 .- B. C. Youngman, Matt. Savage, L. E. Weber, J. M. Davidson, Miss Kate M. Mitchell, Miss Carrie Flegal, Mary Powell.
1882-3 .- B. C. Youngman, Matt. Savage, Miss Lois McGaughey, J. H. Mead, Miss Kate M. Mitchell, Miss Sophie Whitehill, Miss Mary Powell.
1883-4 .- B. C. Youngman, Matt. Savage, Miss Kate M. Mitchell, Jno. C. Barclay, Mrs. Alice Heisey, Sophie Whitehill, Annie Savage.
1884-5 .- B. C. Youngman, Miss Madge Forcey, Miss Saddie Gallaher, Jno. C. Barclay, Miss Alice Heisey, Miss Sophie Whitehill, Annie Savage.
1885-6 .- B. C. Youngman, Frank Hutton, Saddie Gallaher, Jno. C. Bar- clay, Alice Heisey, Sophie Whitehill, Annie Savage.
1886-7 .- B. C. Youngman, Saddie Gallaher, Mary F. Heckendorn, Jno. C. Barclay, Alice Heisey, Sophie Whitehill, Jennie M. Read, Annie Hall, Annie Savage.
The first class was graduated in 1876. No commencement was held until 1877, when the 1876 and 1877 classes joined, and held commencement exer- cises in the opera house on April 4, 1877.
The school has done a great work in the cause of education. Its classes have not been large, but the success in life of its graduates indicate the training received.
Of those who, from time to time, have graduated from the Leonard graded
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school, J. F. Snyder and W. A. Hagerty (class of 1876), A. P. Macleod and W. Irvin Shaw (class of 1879), have entered the legal profession ; Huston Hartswick (1878) and Preston Wilson (1879) the medical profession ; J. F. Short, journalism; Benjamin F. Boggs and Joseph H. Hammond have become stenographers; Ida M. Gearhart and C. H. Bickel (1877), Lois McGaughey (1878), Mary Powell, Sophia Whitehill, and Frank Marshall (1879), Will Owens (1880), Alice Worrell, Kate Bickel, Carrie Carrick, and Larry Mc- Donald (1884), have become teachers in the common schools.
The course of study pursued is such as is prescribed by the act of Assem- bly creating the school. Its present principal, Professor B. C. Youngman, who has now been in charge for eleven years, being an able and effective teacher, by whom the classics and higher branches have been most successfully taught. But few of the graduates of this institution have entered college. Miss Blanch Flegal entered Pittsburgh Female College; Huston Hartswick entered West Point; Preston Wilson, Amherst; W. Irvin Shaw, Lafayette ; Harvey Liddle, Princeton ;- all of whom received their preparatory training at the hands of Professor Youngman.
The name given the school, viz., " Leonard Graded Schools," was so ap- plied in honor of Hon. James T. Leonard, who took a deep interest in the success of the schools. Although almost four score years old he daily visited the halls during 1874-5 and 1875-6. It is not the purpose here to eulogize any one, but in view of the present indifferent feeling toward Judge Leonard, attention is here directed to some of the marks of respect shown him by the pupils and by the people. The first event was the presentation to him, on December 22, 1874, of an ebony cane, surmounted by a solid gold head beau- tifully engraved, and having the following inscription : "Christmas, 1874. Presented to James T. Leonard by the pupils of the Leonard Graded School." Some might be inclined to say-Oh! this is simply what the children did ; well enough, that is true. Let us see what " the people " did. Under the title of "Leonard Graded Schools, Liberality of Hon. James T. Leonard," published in the town papers about August 30, 1876, after giving a detailed financial statement of the school district, this minute appears: "And on the 26th August, [1876,] at a full meeting of the board, and upon settlement being made as aforesaid, it was ascertained that the district owed to Hon. James T. Leonard, on the original investment, for building, furniture, apparatus, etc., $14,302.53, together with $1,074.61 of interest, for which he held no security ; and, on motion, it was resolved to issue bonds to the amount of $1,000, bear- ing interest from date, and an order on the treasurer for $74.61 ; and upon delivery of the same to Judge Leonard, he made the following donation to the Clearfield borough school district :"
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