USA > Pennsylvania > Jefferson County > History of Jefferson county, Pennsylvania, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 75
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There are nine school-houses and six churches in the township, with a cem- etery at Oliveburg, and one at Wesley Chapel.
Farms .- Agriculture is the principal business of the citizens of this town- ship, and some excellent farms with fine improvements are found within its territory. Fruit growing also receives a great deal of attention, and the best varieties of apples, peaches, pears, cherries, quinces, grapes, plums, currants, gooseberries and strawberries, are grown. Among the best farms are those of S. T. Newcom, Isaac C. Jordan estate, George Startzell, J. H. Rowan, Charles M. Law, William Hadden and Daniel Seiler.
The post-offices in Oliver are Cool Spring, Oliveburg and Sprankle's Mills. The former was moved to Mckinstry, in 1856.
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HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY.
Elections. - At the first election held in Oliver township, in 1851, the fol- lowing persons were elected : Justice of the peace, John Scott ; constable, John Ferguson ; supervisors, Samuel Gaston, Robert Reed ; assessor, William Had- den ; auditors, John P. McKee, Joseph Manners, Peter Depp; overseers of the poor, George Cochran, HI. Doverspike; school directors, Samuel Jordon, George W. Shaffer, Mathew Barr, Henry Hoch, George C. McKee; town clerk, William B. Mckinstry; judge of election, William P. Gaston; inspectors, George Newcom, George Manners.
At the election held February 15, 1887, the following persons were elected : Constable, J. I. Barr; tax collector, R. Geist ; supervisors, W. M. Reed, S. S. Jordan ; poor overseer, G. D. Geist ; assessor, J. M. Elder; auditor, W. R. Meredith ; town clerk, J. R. Mckinstry ; judge of election, Mathew Cochran ; inspectors, S. Huffman, WV. L. Yeager. The justices of the peace for Oliver are R. H. Mckinstry and Eli Coulter ; and the members of the school board previously elected, are C. M. Law, William R. McGaughey, J. A. Harl and Robert Geist.
Taxables, Population, Assessments, and School Statistics .- The number of taxables in Oliver township in 1856, were 180; in 1863, 183; in 1870, 245 ; in 1880, 300; in 1886, 324. The population in 1860, was 977; in 1870, 1,117; in 1880, 1,305.
The triennial assessment for 1886, gives the number of acres of unseated land in Oliver township as 14,806; valuation, $68,249; value per acre, $4.60 ; houses and lots, 44; valuation, $3,058 ; unseated, 3,919 acres, valuation, $23,416 ; average value per acre, $5.96; number of horses, 263 ; valuation, $8,815 ; average value, $37.35 ; number of cows, 362 ; valuation, $4,174 ; av- erage value, $11.53 ; number of occupations, 86 ; valuation, $2,375 , average, $27.53. Total valuation subject to county tax, $110,087. Money at inter- est, $10,648.
The number of schools in Oliver township for the year ending June 7, 1886, were 9 ; length of term, 5 months ; number of male teachers, 4 ; female teach- ers, 5 ; average salary of teachers, $30 ; number of male scholars, 225 ; female scholars, 184 ; average attendance, 262 ; per cent. of attendance, 82 ; cost per month, 73 cents ; 13 mills were levied for school, and 3 for building purposes. Total amount of tax levied, $1,486.82.
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KNOX TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER LIV.
HISTORY OF KNOX TOWNSHIP.
K T NOX made the twenty-third township and was taken from Pine Creek. It was organized in 1853 and called for Hon. John C. Knox, then presi- dent judge of this judicial district. It is bounded on the north by Pine Creek, on the east by Pine Creek and Winslow, on the south by McCalmont and Oliver, and on the west by Rose and Oliver.
Topography .- The greater part of Knox township is situated between Sandy Lick Creek on the north and east, and Five Mile Run on the west. The southern border rests on McCalmont and Oliver townships. The topography of Knox township consists of a net-work of valleys and ravines, some of them deep and others shallow, some with steep precipitous walls, and others with gentle slopes, separated by narrow ridges of land, the summits of which are of very uniform height. The average elevation of these summits is about 1,750 feet above tide level, (barometrical measurement), some few points in the township, as for example a prominent knob on the Mathews farm, and another on the Shaffer farm are even higher than this. Knoxville stands on an ele- vation of 1,700 feet above the ocean, tlie Low Grade Railroad skirting Sandy Lick Creek is 1,341 feet above the ocean at the mouth of Camp Run, and 1,268 feet above the same datum at Bells Mills, above the mouth of Five Mile Run. These figures sufficiently express the range of elevation from the bed of the deepest valleys to the summit of the uplands. The drainage system is simple and sharply defined. The waters in the southern part of the township flow southward through the ravines of Indian Camp and Elk Runs into Little Sandy Creek. The western side of the township, and much also of the north- ern part is drained by Five Mile Run. The water basin of Sandy Lick on the northern and eastern side, is there confined very nearly to the hills that over- look the stream.
Geology .-- The Freeport Lower coal is the principal seam in Knox town- ship, being by far the most reliable, and yielding the best coal. It is found from three to five feet thick, easily mined and of excellent quality, and cov- ering a large area. Limestone is found, of good quality, and so near the surface that it can be easily and cheaply quarried for use as a fertilizer ; good fire. clay is also found in Knox.
Early Settlers, cte .- The first pioneers, in the wilds of what is now Knox township, were Joseph Karr, who in 1817 settled on the farm now owned by Manuel Reitz. George Gray and Samuel McQuiston, came in 1827, the former settling on the farm now owned by David Carr, and the latter on that now the property of William McMillen ; Andrew Hunter on farm now owned by his
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HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY.
son, S. A. Hunter, in 1834; John Mathews on the farm now owned by his son, John Mathews, about 1830; Jeremiah Parker settled on the farm now owned by David Chitester ; Thomas Ellis on a farm where he cleared some land, then sold to James Loughrey, who in turn sold to Samuel Davidson about the year 1848. Israel Swineford, about the year 1835, settled on the farm now owned by Elmer Hunter. Daniel Sylvus, about 1848, settled on the farm now owned by Silas R. Anderson. John Smith settled on the farm now owned by his son, John Wilson Smith. Samuel Findley, in the year 1857 settled on the farm now owned by Frank Barber. John S. Lucas, in 1848, settled on the farm now owned by Calvin Rodgers. Elijah Chiitester about 1835 settled on the farm now owned by Isaiah Johns.
William Wyley came to what is now Knox township in April, 1834, with his family in a wagon drawn by oxen. They came from Westmoreland county, and there was no house between Squire Bell's and their destination. They encamped for the night at Little Sandy, near where Cool Spring now is. The family consisted of Mr. Wyley, his wife and six children. Mrs. Mary H. Stewart, one of the daughters, remembers their coming perfectly, and says there were only five families in Knox when they came, Joseph Carr's, Samuel McQuiston's, George Gray's, Elijah Clark's and John Mathews's. They had to stay in the woods two days without shelter, until the neighbors gathered to- gether and put them up a log house. Mrs. Stewart says her mother, who was wearied with her long journey, spread a bed under a tree and lay down to rest, and soon fell asleep. The children, who had scattered about to play, descried the feet of a man, all they could see for the trees, approaching them through the woods, and running to their mother awakened her with the cry that a big Indian was coming to kill them all. When the intruder appeared they found he was Charles B. Clark, who was hunting his cows. The first horse was brought into the township five years after the arrival of Wyley, by David Chitester, and Mrs. Stewart says her first lessons in horseback riding was taken on this old shaggy, black animal. It pastured near her father's, and she and her brothers and sisters took turns in riding it, as many as could pile on its back riding at a time, one of the number being stationed to avoid a reprisal by the owner of the horse, or their parents.
Mr. Wyley sold his farm after some years and commenced improving the one now owned by his son, Huston Wyley, where he died in 1867. Mrs. Wyley died in 1871. They had thirteen children, only six of whom survive. Only three reside in Jefferson county, George P. and W. Huston in Knox, and Mary H., who in 1840 married Robert Stewart, has since resided in Brook- ville.
Elijah Clark was the fifth man to settle in Knox township. He was or- iginally from Massachusetts, from whence he had emigrated to West Virginia, and then to Westmoreland county, from where he moved to this wilderness in
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KNOX TOWNSHIP.
1833. On the arrival of his family at Brookville, they were piloted through the woods to the Carr and Gray settlement, as it was called by Mr. John Long. Mr. Clark settled on the farm now the property of the heirs of Samuel Johns. In 1847 he built the Iowa mills in Pine Creek township. He died of paralysis in 1850. A singular fatality attended the family in that year. The family of his son, Charles B. Clark, were attacked with typhoid fever, and his wife, née Jane Sloan, and daughter Julia died, while Mr. Clark himself was for months prostrated by the disease, and while death was thus busy in the Knox town- ship home. Samuel K. Clark, another brother, who was down the river with lumber, died suddenly in Cincinnati of cholera.
The family all removed to Brookville in 1856. Of the family of Elijah Clark, only Martha A., wife of Enoch Hall, and Hannah J., wife of E. H. Dar- rah, both residing in Brookville, remain. Mrs. Charlotte Sloan died several years ago Mrs. Julia Darling died in 1880, and Charles B. Clark, January 3, 1883. Mr. C. B. Clark had resided in Brookville for about thirty years, and was one of its most worthy and respected citizens, earnest in everything that tended to the good of the town. He was for a number of years one of the overseers of the poor, and in him the unfortunate and needy ever found a friend. After the struggles and sorrows of his early life, he was able to enjoy his closing years in comfort and affluence. His second wife, née Eliza McCoy, and his two daughters, Misses Amelia and Margaret, reside in the homestead in Brookville. Samuel K. Clark left two sons, Ernest, a resident of Washing- ton City, and Samuel K., a prominent lawyer of Clarion.
Reuben Hubbard settled on the farm now owned by Sylvester McAninch. Mr. Hubbard removed to Brookville, where he died.
Calvin Rodgers settled in Knox township in 1856. He was, for a number of years, connected with the firm of Bell & Rodgers, at Bell's Mills. Mr. Rodgers is now a resident of Brookville, having purchased the residence of James Neal, on Jefferson street, in that place. He is largely engaged in lum- bering on the Clarion River, where he owns mills at Arroyo, in Elk county.
The first school-house was built in 1830, and the first church at Knoxville, in 1850.
The first grave-yard was started on the McCann farm about 1828 or 1830, and the next on the farm of Lewis Mathews, now owned by James Cummings, in 1830.
Lumber and Saw-mills .- The fine timber for which Knox township was noted has nearly all been used up, some hemlock and hard woods alone re- maining. The only mills in the township are the steam saw-mills and shingle- mill on Sandy Lick, of Arthur O'Donnell,1 that of R. B. Stewart, formerly owned by Rietz & Spare, and William Wingert's mill.
Farms .- Farming is now, since the decline in the lumber trade, the princi-
1 The mill of Mr. O'Donnell was destroyed by fire in August, 1887, but is being re-built.
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HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY.
pal business of the citizens of Knox township, and some good farms are found, among the best cultivated, and with the best improvements, being those of R. B. Stewart. John Mathews, S. R. Anderson, S. A. Hunter, John Cummings, Samuel Yount, James Neal, and Calvin Rodgers.
Natural Gas. - Knoxboro township holds the first place in the county as a gas producing district. On the 5th day of July, 1887, a company com- menced drilling a well for gas, on the farm of William Love, about three miles from Brookville. At a depth of seven hundred and twenty- five feet the first gas was struck : the second at nine hundred and twenty feet, and the third at ten hundred and forty feet. The well was drilled to a depth of twenty-three hundred and fifty-five feet ; a second well was commenced one thousand feet east of well number 2, the latter part of September following, gas being found in the same strata. This well is now down about twelve hundred feet. The gas of well number i has been piped to Brookville, and will furnish gas for two hundred fires. The officers of the company are Samuel Chambers, president ; C. C. Benscoter, secretary ; treasurer, M. B. Marlin ; directors, Dr. T. C. Law- son, Dr. W. G. Bishop, J. N. Garrison, C. A. Carrier, A. B. McLain, E. A. Litch.
KNOXVILLE.
The pleasant little village of Knoxville, situated in Knox township, on the road leading from Brookville to Punxsutawney, was laid out by Michael E. Steiner, who came to Knox township in 1851, and purchased a farm where Knoxville now is. His father, Dr. D. J. Steiner, was the first physician in Knox township. When Mr. Steiner came to Knox, with his wife and two little children, it was almost all wilderness, and he laid out his little town in the woods, but he soon had the satisfaction of seeing quite a hamlet spring up about him. A post-office was established in 1863, but on account of there already being one called Knoxville in the State, it was called Knoxdale, by which name the place is generally known.
When Mr. Steiner came to what is now Knoxville, there were no churches in the township, and only one school-house -- a small log-cabin-built of round logs, with split and hewed log benches. Now there are six churches in the township, three of which-Presbyterian, United Brethren, and Evangeli- cal -- are in Knoxville, and seven school-houses in the township, nearly all equipped with the most approved school furniture.
Knoxville has two stores, those of H. G. McCracken and Jacob Hopkins.
Its post-office, Knoxdale, is the only one in the township. In 1880 the population was one hundred and three.
Elections .- The first election was held in Knox township in the year 1853. The following persons were elected :
Justices of the peace, N. McQuiston, S. Swineford ; supervisors, Henry Rhodes, Andrew Hunter ; auditors, Amos S. Austin, Lewis Mathews ; asses-
S. A. Hunter
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KNOX TOWNSHIP.
sor, Samuel Davidson ; overseers of the poor, M. E. Steiner, Israel Swineford ; school directors, N. McQuiston, John H. Bish, Andrew Hunter, Patterson Hopkins, J. S. Lucas, George S. Mathews ; judge of election, William David- son ; inspectors, Horace Harding, N. McQuiston ; township clerk, Elijah Chit- ester.
At the election held February 15, 1887, the following persons were elected : Constable, Joseph Knabb ; supervisors, J. F. Siverling, William Eckman ; school directors, H. E. McCracken, John Reinert ; collector, Joseph Knabb : poor overseer, A. Eshbaugh; auditor, H. D. Morrison ; assessor, A. Esh- baugh ; clerk, A. G. Mercer : judge of election, John Matthews ; inspectors, Israel Eshbaugh, J. D. Mercer.
The justices of the peace in Knox township are James G. Averill and M. E. Steiner, and the previously elected members of the school board are John Matthews, Jacob Shaffer, E. E. Hunter, and J. R. Sarvey.
Taxables, Population, Assessments, and School Statistics .- The number of taxables in Knox township in 1856 were III ; in 1863, 143; in 1870, 205 : in 1880, 278; in 1886, 337.
The population, according to census, in 1860 was 637 ; in 1870, 863 ; in 1880, I,OII.
The triennial assessment of 1886 gives the number of acres of seated land in Knox township as 1,273 ; valuation, $50,052 ; average per acre, $4.00. Number of houses and lots, 50; valuation, $2,335. Number of grist and saw- mills, 2 ; valuation, $750. Acres of unseated land, $5,567; valuation, $18,055; value per acre, $3.24. Number of horses, 206; valuation, $8,865 ; average value, $43.00. Number of cows, 262; valuation, $2,616; average value, $10.00. Number of occupations, 117; valuation, $3,110; average, $28.00. Total valuation subject to county tax, $85,783. Money at interest, $7,205.
The number of schools in Knox township for the year ending June 7, 1886, were 7 ; length of term, 5 months ; number of male teachers, 5 ; female teach- ers, 2 ; average salary of male teachers, $28.00; of female teachers, $26.50 ; number of male scholars, 186 ; number of female scholars, 148 ; average atten- dance, 271; per cent. of attendance, 81 ; cost per month, 82 cents; 13 mills were levied for school, and 5 for building purposes ; total amount of tax levied, $1,233.96.
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662
HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY.
CHAPTER LV.
HISTORY OF BELL TOWNSHIP.
ELL was the twenty-fourth township organized, and was taken from Young 3 in 1857. It was called for Hon. James H. Bell, a prominent citizen of the township. It is bounded on the north by McCalmont township, on the east by Henderson and Gaskill, on the west by Young, and on the south by Indiana county.
This township closely resembles Young, both in size and shape. The Ma- honing Creek, flowing across it from east to west, splits it into two nearly equal parts. The southern area is traversed longitudinally by the valley of Canoe Creek, of which Ugly Run is an important tributary. The northern part of the township has only small streams, all of which flow southward into the Mahoning. The surface generally is smooth and there are no coal beds of any value in Bell township. The Lower Barren Measures cover nearly the whole of the township, and the only rock of any material value to be found being a stratum of good limestone.
Early Settlement .- The early settlers in what is now Bell township were Nathaniel Tindell, a native of Connecticut, who came with Dr. Jenks in ISIS, Jesse Armstrong, Jacob Bowersock, Daniel Graffins, J. Gano, and John Hess, who came sometime after. Most of these have been noticed in the chapter on the early settlers of the county, or in the history of Young township The first land was cleared by Daniel Graffius, and the first improvements made by J. Bowersock. The first person born was Mercy Ann Tindell, and the first couple married was Daniel Graffius and Miss M. J. Rhodes
The first saw-mill was built in 1828, by John Hess and J. Bowersock, and the first grist-mill was erected in 1833, at what is now Bell's Mill Station, on the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh railroad. James H. Bell, in 1840, started the first store in the township, at Bell's Mills.
The first lumber was taken out by Jesse Armstrong. The first grave-yard was located on the farm of F. Rinehart, and Jacob Rinehart was the first per- son buried there.
The first school house was built in 1830 and the first church at Grubes in I 870.
Among the prominent settlers of Bell township was Hon. James II. Bell, who came from Ireland about the year 1812, and settled in Armstrong county, from whence he removed to Jefferson county in 1831 locating at the present site of Bell's Mills. He was like the majority of the early pioneers, almost devoid of means when he settled in the pine forest of Jefferson county, but by untir- ing perseverance he soon succeeded in paying for his land, and then built the
7
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BELL TOWNSIIIP.
grist and saw-mills on the Mahoning Creek, opposite his residence, which gave the place its name. He was largely engaged in lumbering for many years, and was an honest, upright man. A Democrat in politics, he was one of the leaders of the party in Jefferson county, and in 1853 was appointed one of the associate judges to fill a vacancy, and at the ensuing election was elected to that office. Judge Bell died in 1877. He left a family of two sons and seven daughters. Captain John T. Bell, the eldest of the family, resides in Punxsu- tawney, and William E. Bell at Bell's Mills.
Henry Brown is another of the prominent business men of the township, whose biographical sketch appears in another portion of this work. He has been largely connected with the lumbering and farming interests of the town- ship.
Present Business .- There are three grist-mills in the township owned and operated by W. E. Bell, A. Dunmire and L. Elbel, and the saw-mills of Henry Brown and A. Kremkraw. The former cuts 20,000 feet per day and the latter 10,000. L. Elbel has a store at Bell's Mills and 1. Kremkraw one at Krem- kraw's Mills. There has never been a hotel in the township nor are there manufactories or shops of any kind. There are two post-offices in Bell town- ship, Bell's Mills and Canoe Ridge. The latter was moved from Indiana county in 1887. There are also five school houses and two churches, with a cemetery at Carey's.
Farms .- Farming being the principal occupation of the citizens of Bell township the farms are generally in a state of good cultivation. Among the best tilled, and with the best improvements, are those of Jacob Hoeh, Adam Snyder, Henry Brown, Jacob, Joseph and John Grube.
Elections .- The first election in Bell township was held in 1857, with the following result: Justice of the peace, John Couch, A. Rudolph; constable, Andrew Wilkins ; supervisors, John Milliron, I. C. Jordan; auditors, Henry Brown, William Johnson, John T. Bell; town clerk, Andrew Wilkins; judge of election, Joseph McPherson; inspectors, Samuel Graffius, Henry Grey ; school directors, John T. Bell, James McCracken, Samuel Steffy, David Mc- Kee, Alexander Findley, Israel Graffius; assessor, Israel Graffius; overseers of the poor, Adam Kuntz, Abraham Graffius.
At the election held February 15, 1887, the following persons were elected : Justice of the peace, Samuel States; constable, Thomas J. Wilkins; supervisors, J. T. Ritenhouse, William Steffy; auditor, Samuel Grube; poor overseer, J. T. Ritenhouse; school directors, Jacob Hoeh and Israel McElwain; assessor, William J. Brown; collector, Jacob Hoeh ; judge of election, J. J. Pifer ; in- spectors, A. J. Beck and D. S. Griffith.
The other justice of the peace in Bell township is G. S. Weaver, and the previously elected members of the school board are Samuel States, Samuel Couch, Adam Weaver and Henry Brown.
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HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY.
Population and Taxables .- The number of taxables in Bell township in 1863 were 145; in 1870, 190; in 1880, 287 ; in 1886, 297. The population in 1860 was 792 ; 1870, 785; 1880, 887.
Taxation and Valuation .- The triennial assessment of Bell township for 1886 gives the number of acres of seated land as 10,235 ; valuation, $40,049. average per acre, $3.90. Houses and lots 3; valuation, $110. Unseated land 513 acres; valuation, $1,598 ; average per acre, $3.12. Acres min- eral, 495 ; valuation, $3,465 ; average per acre, $7.50. Number of horses, 168; valuation, $6,220; average value, $27.72. Number of cows, 249; val- uation, $2,490 ; average, $10. oxen, 10; valuation, $240. Number of occu- pations, 100 ; valuation, $2,473 ; average. $24.73. Total valuation subject to county tax $58.381. Money at interest, $8,570.
School Statistics .- The number of schools in Bell township for the year ending June 7, 1886, were six; length of term, five months; number of male teachers, five; number of female teachers, one; average salary of male teachers, $30.40 ; of female teachers, $29.00 ; number of male scholars, 152; of female scholars, 109 ; average attendance, 222 ; per cent of attendance 90; cost per month 89 cents; thirteen mills were levied for school purposes. Total amount of tax levied, $860.71.
CHAPTER LVI.
HISTORY OF McCALMONT TOWNSHIP.
T HIS township, the twenty-fifth in line, was organized in 1857, and was taken from Young. It was named for Hon. John S. McCalmont, the president judge of the district. McCalmont is bounded on the north by Wins- low and Knox, on the east by Winslow and Henderson, on the south by Bell and Young, and on the west by Knox and Oliver.
Topography .- The surface is generally high, ranging at the highest part between 1,800 and 1,900 feet above the ocean level. The township lines, in- deed, include a central water-shed, upon which some of the principal streams in the county take their rise. Little Sandy heads here, so does Big Run and Elk Run, flowing southward into the Mahoning; in the northern part of the township the waters flow northward into Sandy Lick. Being thus near their starting place the streamis are all small, but the valleys which they occupy are in many cases several hundred feet in depth, and present in this respect a striking contrast to the size of the streams.
Geology .- As in Young, Winslow, and the other townships adjacent to it, the main coal bed is the Freeport lower, which is found from five to seven feet
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MCCALMONT TOWNSHIP.
in thickness, of excellent, bright, clean coal. The principal coal tracts in Mc- Calmont are owned by John Straithoof, Daniel North, Joseph North, J. K. North, Jacob Smith, John G. Ernst and H. G. Wingart. These coal fields have only recently began to attract attention, and some extensive sales have been made.
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