History of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections, Part 29

Author: Bradsby, H. C. (Henry C.)
Publication date: 1893
Publisher: Chicago : S. B. Nelson
Number of Pages: 1532


USA > Pennsylvania > Luzerne County > History of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections > Part 29


Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).


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Thomas Burnside was judge from 1817 to 1818.


David Scott became president judge in 1818, and filled the office over twenty years.


232


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


William Jessup iu 1838. He was twice, commissioned as judge of the court of common pleas, first in 1838 and next in 1848. A part of the time in the change in the districts, this county came within his circuit. By a compromise arrangement between Judges Jessup and Conyngham, and with the consent of the attorneys of Sus- quehanna and Luzerne districts, matters were so adjusted as to accommodate the two presiding officers, putting Luzerne in Conyngham's district and Susquehanna in Jessup's.


John N. Conyngham, 1839, resigned in 1870, after serving thirty-one years.


Garrich M. Harding, from July 12, 1870; resigned 1879.


Charles E. Rice, present incumbent, since 1879.


The second regular term of the court, September 5, 1787, presided over by Justices Obadiah Gore, Mathias Hollenback, William Hooker Smith, Benjamin Car- penter, James Nesbitt and Nathan Kingsley. For the full particulars of the first court and officers and the four attorneys then admitted, see Vol. III, Families of the Wyoming Valley, by George B. Kulp.


The constitution of 1790 vested the judicial powers of the State in a supreme court, courts of oyer and terminer, and jail delivery; courts of common pleas, orphans' courts, register court and court of quartersessions for each county, justices of the peace, and such other courts as the legislature may provide. Judges of the supreme court and courts, of common pleas to hold office during good behav- ior. The supreme court judges were ex-officio justices of oyer and terminer courts in the several counties; the governor to appoint for each county at least three and not more than four judges, residents of the county; the State divided into six judicial circuits, and a president of each circuit to be appointed. The president and any two of the lay judges to be a quorum; to hold courts of common pleas and oyer and terminer, and two of the lay judges could hold a court of quartersessions and orphans' court. At the next session of the legislature the State was divided into five circuits-Luzerne, Berks, Northampton and Northumberland, and composed the third circuit. The president judge was to be a person "skilled in the law."


Act of 1851 provided for the election of judges of the several courts, and regu- lated certain judicial districts, and constituted the eleventh circuit out of the counties of Luzerne, Wyoming, Montour and Columbia. John N. Conyngham, elected president judge for a term of ten years; he was re-elected in 1861. In the meantime Montour county was annexed to the eighth district.


In 1856 Luzerne county was made a separate district, Judge Conyngham presid- ing. By act June 27, 1864, Luzerne was authorized to elect an "additional judge," who, like the president judge, should be "learned in the law," to hold his office by the same tenure, have the same powers and jurisdiction, subject to the same duties, and receive the same compensation. The governor to appoint until the regular election. Under this law Hon. Henry M. Hoyt was appointed additional judge, and filled the office until December, 1867; succeeded by Edmund L. Dana, who was commissioned for ten years. Judge Conyngham resigned in 1870, and July 8 of that year Garrick M. Harding was appointed to fill the vacancy. He was elected in the fall of 1870 and commissioned for a term of ten years.


The constitution of 1874 made some changes in the judiciary, among others pro- viding that counties containing over 40,000 inhabitants shall constitute a separate judicial district and elect one judge "learned in the law," and authorize the legia- lature to provide additional judges as the business of the respective districts may require. President Judge Harding and "additional" Judge Dana were in com- mission at the time of the adoption of the new constitution, of this Luzerne, the eleventh judicial district; and it was entitled to another additional judge. John Handley was elected to serve ten years from the first Monday in January, 1875. At the general election in 1877 William H. Stanton was elected successor to Judge Dana. At the time of the erection of Lackawanna, out 'of the territory of Luzerne,


233


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


Hon. Garrick M. Harding was president judge; Hon. John Handley and Hon. William H. Stanton were additional judges of the court of common pleas.


The act of April 17, 1878, provided for the division of an erection of a new county out of any county containing 150,000 inhabitants, also providing that the judicial, representative and senatorial districts should remain and that the judges of said districts, or a majority, shall meet and organize the courts. Lackawanna county was erected under the provisions of this act and an election held August 13, 1878, and the final proclamation of the governor made August 21, 1878. The claim was at once made that as the new county had more than 40,000 inhabitants it became thereby a separate judicial district. Gov. Hartranft therefore appointed Benjamin S. Bentley, president judge, who opened the court. Judges Harding, Handley, and Stanton declined to interfere, but in order to test the governor's action an application was made to the supreme court for a mandamus against the former judges to organize the Lackawanna courts. The supreme court holding that Bentley's commission was unauthorized, ordered the judges to organize the court. Judges Harding, Handley and Stanton thereupon opened the courts of Lackawanna county, October 24, 1878. Judge Stanton resigned February 25, 1879, and March 4, following, Hon. Alfred Hand was appointed and commissioned to fill the vacancy. The law authorized the governor in case of the division of counties where there were over 40,000 inhabitants in the new county to issue a proclamation and make it a separate judicial district. The president judge of the old court now was directed to elect to which district he would be assigned and the other law judge or judges were to be assigned to the new district.


If more than one law judge then the oldest in commission to be president. Judge Harding elected to remain in the old district of Luzerne, and Handley and Hand were assigned to the new-the forty-fifth district-the former president and the latter law judge, from March 27, 1879. This of course ended the service of Handley and Hand in Luzerne county.


At the fall election 1879 Hon. Charles E. Rice was elected additional law judge of Luzerne-the eleventh district; commissioner December 4, 1879, for ten years from the first Monday in January following.


Judge Harding resigned to take effect December 31, 1879. Judge Rice entered upon his office January 4, 1880, and on the next day, by reason of holding the oldest commission, he was commissioned as president judge for the term of ten years commencing the first Monday of January, 1880. Gov. Hoyt appointed Stanley Woodward additional law judge to fill the vacancy; his commission dated January 9, 1880. Judge Woodward was elected at the election following and December, 1880, commissioned' additional law judge to serve ten years from the first Monday in January, 1881. An additional law judge became necessary and Judge Lynch was appointed; he was elected to a full term in 1892, as will more fully appear in the list of present county officials elsewhere.


Separate Orphans' Courts were authorized by the constitution of 1874 in counties containing 150,000 inhabitants. This was mandatory as to the above described counties and "may " established separate orphans' courts, under one or more judges "learned in the law." The same section register's courts, transferred the juris- diction to the orphans' court. The separate orphans' court of Luzerne was therefore, May 19, 1874, with one judge, and Hon. Daniel L. Rhone elected to preside. By law this office is now styled president judge of the orphans' court. The term runs ten years. There was no separate orphans' court in Lackawanna authorized by law. Judge D. L. Rhone was re-elected in 1884, and commissioned for a term of ten years from the first Monday in January, 1885.


Many of the eminent men of Pennsylvania have come from the Luzerne bar. In the old time recollections are given an account of James McClintock, the poetic, the brilliant, the great orator whose short career of much promise settled in such


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HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


hopeless gloom and a long life of blank imbecility. His first appearance at the bar, an unknown young man, as blushing and diffident as a girl, his latent powers as unknown to himself as to his casual acquaintance. At a court soon after his coming, by a strange chance, the briefless advocate was appointed by the judge to defend a little girl who had stolen a pair of shoes from the front of a store. The owner had readily recovered his property, but in a spirit of persecution, proceeded to inflict the heavy hand of the criminal law upon the child. The attorney's speech to the jury in defence of that little girl as she sat in the prisoner's box gave him a wide fame as the first orator of the bar of northern Pennsylvania. It made him soon after a nominee for congress. Three candidates were before the people. And in those times the size of the districts and the slowness of getting news was such, that two weeks after the election it was not known who was elected. In the meantime McClintock had married, and Chester Butler gave a grand party to the newly married pair. That evening when the festivities had begun news came that con- vinced Mcclintock and his friends that he was elected, and then commenced the double congratulations on his marriage and election. Subsequently came the official news, and he was defeated by a small margin. Within the year his wife died of child-birth, the child was not saved, and in a few weeks poor Mcclintock was a raving maniac. He was sent to an asylum in robust physical health, his brilliant intellect like sweet bells jangled and out of tune, and from the fever of violence his remarkable mind settled into helpless and hopeless imbecility. The rising, flashing, brilliant meteor; the charred, blackened and burned stick; and cruel fate spun out the years of his darkened life to extreme old age-the dead mind in the living body.


It has already been told how Judge John B. Gibson went from the Wilkes-Barre bench to that of the supreme court and fixed his immortal fame as a great judge. Among others of the bar from this place who were transferred to the supreme court, we note George W. Woodward and Warren J. Woodward. Henry M. Hoyt, ex-governor of the commonwealth, and at this time a practicing member of the bar of Wilkes-Barre. Henry M. Fuller was one of the brilliant and versatile lawyers of Luzerne-in many ways a remarkable man; a member of the legis- lature, twice elected to congress, was the whig candidate for State canal com- missioner, and in 1860 was presented for the nomination of candidate for vice- president, and died at the age of forty years. Death only could check a career that must have been phenomenal had not fate passed its shadow over it.


This bar has furnished as attorney-general, Ovid F. Johnson and Henry W. Palmer.


Hendrick B. Wright was speaker of the house, several times elected to congress, and was president of the convention that nominated Polk for president. Among other members who have been in congress from this bar were Charles Denison, Chester Butler, L. D. Shoemaker, E. S. Osborn and the present member-elect, Hon. George W. Shonk.


In the recollections of the early bar, it is told that George Denison was one of the most powerful advocates that ever stood before a jury in the court. The great- est criminal lawyer of the old times was supposed to be Lyman Hakes. "Hal" Wright, as he was affectionately called by his friends, is remembered as a great lawyer, in the civil, criminal and equity courts-strong before a jury, eloquent before the court, wherein his statement of his case was the strongest presentation of law and fact that could be made.


A curious incident of how our lives are shaped by trivial circumstances is found in the career of George Griffin, who was admitted to the bar in this county in the year 1800; a son of Maj. Jasper Griffin, and a descendant of the noted New England Pecks; born at East Haddam, Conn., January 14, 1778; graduated at Yale college; studied law; licensed in 1799 and came to Wilkes-Barre in 1800 and practiced law


John et. Lenahave


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HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


until 1806; married Lydia, daughter of Col. Zebulon Butler. In the spirit of prac- tical joking he was voted for and elected high constable at the first borough elec- tion. Disgusted at the joke he left the place and went to New York city and became one of the most eminent men at the bar. Among his early cases there was a elander suit, wherein he appeared for the plaintiff, and his opening argument to the jury made his fame. Nearly the first sentence of which was the first in importance that made the case for his client: " the constant falling of the water drop will wear away the hardest stone," and from this he proceeded to show that though the evidence showed the words spoken did not at first blush seem so deeply injuri- ous, yet the frequent iteration of what the defendant had set in motion was calcu- lated to undermine the fairest reputation in any community. While in ordinary hande it would have been regarded as but a mild case of assault by words upon a man's character, yet in this case there was a verdict for $5,000, all of which was turned over to Mr. Griffin as his fee. He was in the active practice in New York fifty-two years. In the language of his biographer, George B. Kulp, " a profound echolar in every department of literature and science, but he was above all things a lawyer."


In 1822 and for some time Garrick Mallery was the acknowledged leader of the Luzerne bar. His superiority was not seriously contested so long as he remained in the active practice. He went to the bench, and that left an opening for a spirited rivalry among the other practitioners for the first place. In 1820 were here Ros- well Welles, Ebenezer Bowman, Garrick Mallery, George Denison and others, all men of high order of talent in the law. Judge David Scott was, on the bench, a man of great learning and probity, with the courage of his convictions, brave for the right, yet gentle and charitable in his decisions against the unfortunate law- breakers.


John Nesbit Conyngham was admitted to the Luzerne bar in 1820; a young man who came here and located when the world was all before him; a native of Philadel- phia; born December 17, 1798; the son of David Hayfield Conyngham; married Ruth Ann Butler, daughter of Lord Butler, the granddaughter of Col. Zebulon Butler, the old Revolutionary hero and patriot; to them were given seven children. Fifty years of his life were spent in the profession here-over twenty years in the prac- tice and thirty on the bench. No man who has ever sat upon the bench inspired more confidence in his decisions than Judge Conyngham; and the entire profession agree, after his long service that the ermine was as spotless when he laid it aside as when it was first placed upon his shoulders.


In a preceding page are given the names of the four attorneys admitted and sworn in at the first court in the county in 1787. The next year was added Abraham Bradley; died May 7, 1838. Then for six years we can find no new name added to the roll of attorneys in the county. In 1794 two more were added: Nathan Palmer, died in 1843, and Noah Wadhams, died May 22, 1806.


In 1798 came to the bar Thomas Graham, died April 26, 1814. In 1799 William Prentice, died October 6, 1806. This closes the list for the past century. The century year 1800 added the name of George Griffin, died in New York city, May 6, 1860. In 1802 Thomas Dyer, who died September 21, 1861, and Francie McShane, died in 1815. In 1806 Washington Lee, died September 10, 1871. In 1809, David Scott, died December 29, 1839. Garrick Mallery came in 1811, died July 6, 1866. In 1812 the name of Alphonso C. Stewart was added. He was here only about a year and went to Towanda on the organization of Bradford county, and was the first attorney enrolled in the new county; remaining in Towanda about four years, and in 1817 he removed to the then wild west-the territory of Illinois -and settled in Belleville, St. Clair county, the mother county of that State. Belleville, then next to Kaskaskia, was the important town in the territory, and here young Stewart was killed in a mock duel by a man named Bennett. The latter had 13


238


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


taken deep offence against Stewart as the boys had, in the spirit of a joke, told him that Stewart intended to "cut him out," as it was phrased, with his girl. Bennett challenged him and the young men, in a spirit of fun, had him accept, and with guns loaded only with powder, go upon the "field of honor." In some way unknown Bennett slipped a ball into his gun and at the first fire poor Stewart fell mortally wounded, and in a short time died. Bennett fled, was followed to Texas, brought back, tried, convicted and executed-The first legal hanging in Illinois, and when "Bennett was hung" was for many years a reckoning day for events throughout all that part of the State. Only another bloody paragraph to history, the result of a silly practical joke.


In 1813 Thomas B. Overton was admitted; died in 1819. Also George Denison; died August 20, 1832.


1814, Charles Catlin.


1815, Henry King; died July 13, 1861.


1816, Josiah H Miner; died March 14, 1818. Thomas Meredith; died April 22, 1855. Thomas Nesbitt was the first resident lawyer of Plymouth; followed by James A. Opp, H. C. Magee, C. W. McAlarney and George W. Shonk. James A. Gordon of this place lived to be the oldest member of the bar in the county, and Hendrick B. Wright, the next oldest, was a resident of Plymouth.


1818, Edward Overton; died October 17, 1878.


1819, George Catlin; died December 23, 1872. Oristus Collins; died in 1884. Steuben Jenkins; died May 29, 1890.


1820, John N. Conyngham; died February 23, 1871. James W. Bowman; died in 1834. Chester Butler; died October 5, 1850. Benjamin D. Wright; died April 28, 1875.


1821, Samuel Bowman; died August 23, 1861.


1822, Amzi Fuller; died September 26, 1847. James A. Gordon; died February 4, 1882.


1823, Joel Jones; died February 3, 1860.


1825, Benjamin Parke- -. Henry Pettebone; died May 5, 1851. B. A. Bid- lack; died February 6, 1849.


1826, James McClintock


1827, George C. Drake; died June 27, 1878.


1828, Sylvester Dana; died June 19, 1882.


1830, Thomas E. Paine; died in 1843.


George W. Woodward; died May 10, 1875.


1831, John Wurts; died November 4, 1836. O. F. Johnson; died in February, 1854. Volney L. Maxwell; died January 4, 1873. Henrick B. Wright; died Sep- tember 2, 1881.


1832, E. W. Sturdevant; died October 30, 1882. William Wurts; died July 15, 1858.


1833, Samuel F. Headley; died July 25, 1860. M. H. Jones; died June 1, 1883. Luther Kidder; died September 30, 1854. D. N. Lathrop; died October 8, 1887.


1834, David Wilmot; died March 16, 1868.


1835, Henry Hills Wells


1836, Israel Dickinson --. F. P. Mallery died in 1838. Jonathan W. Parker, 1837. J. J. Slocum; died February 27, 1860.


1838, John T. Robinson; died August 28, 1848. Charles H. Silkman; died March 8, 1877. Harrison Wright; died August 25, 1856. F. M. Crane; died January 8, 1877.


1839, John B. Mills; died October 22, 1889. Cyrenus M. Smith


1840, W. E. Little -. George H. Welles Charles Denison; died June 27, 1867. E. E. Le Clerc; died August 11, 1845.


239


HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


1841, E. L. Dana; died April 25, 1889. Lyman Hakes; died December 8, 1873. M. E. Jackson; died July 23, 1870. Horatio W. Nicholson; died June 16, . 1855.


1842, Henry M. Fuller; died December 26, 1860. James Holliday - -. W. H. Miller; died in 1877. A. K. Peckham; died March 22, 1865. Warren J. Woodward; died September 23, 1879.


1843, Edward M. Covell; died September 8, 1864. Samuel Hodgdon; died January 17, 1865. E. G. Mallery; died May 27, 1852. C. P. Waller S. S. Winchester; died June 26, 1881. Minor S. Blackman; died May 25, 1848. 1844, Nathaniel Jones- -. James R. Struthers; died May 8, 1885.


1845, Washington Lee; died March 26, 1883. Asher Miner Stout -. Jacob Waelder. Charless Bennett; died August 6, 1866.


1846, Peter J. Byrne; died June 30, 1875. Milton Dana; died February 18, 1866. J. W. Myers; died November 25, 1847. George C. Waller; died December 4, 1888.


1847, Elisha B. Harvey; died August 20, 1872. E. S. M. Hill; died in 1874. Henry Metcalf; died December 23, 1864. David R. Randall; died August 31, 1875.


1848, G. B. Nicholson; died February 12, 1873.


1849, John B. Conyngham; died May 27, 1881.


1850, Angelo Jackson; died in 1874. W. W. Ketcham; died December 6, 1879. A. C. Lewis; died September 22, 1861. Joseph W. Miner; died February 5, 1859. Daniel Rankin Caleb F. Bowman; died January 25, 1874.


1851, Cromwell Pearce; died June 16, 1872. W. H. Beaumont; died June 19, 1874.


1852, Martin Canavan


1853, T. L. Byington; died June 16, 1888. Charles Pike; died September 12, 1882. Samuel Sherrerd; died June 21, 1884.


1854, George Scott; died September 26, 1861. James S. Bedford; died December 2, 1865.


1855, E. P. Darling; died October 19, 1889. S. P. Longstreet; died April 5, 1881. Lyman R. Nicholson; died July 13, 1863.


1856, L. D. Reynolds; died July 25, 1858. 1857; John Brisbin; died February 3, 1880. Ezra B. Chase; died February 15, 1864. George Sanderson; died April 1, 1870. Calvin Wadhams; died July 20, 1883.


1858, George D. Haughawout; died August 8, 1886.


1859, Isaac M. Cake; died July 2, 1888.


1860, C. B. Brundage; died January 27, 1871. John P. Craig; died February 21, 1862. Arthur Hamilton; died October 22, 1862. C. H. Wells; died March 24, 1888. Joseph Wright; died May 18, 1862.


1861, Albert Chamberlain; died December 21, 1877. J. Holmes Ketcham Ira D. Richards; died February 9, 1874.


1862, John L. Gore; died May 15, 1862.


1864, Edgar L. Merriman; died September 3, 1876. Conrad S. Stark; died March 26, 1880. Rufus F. Bell; died May 26, 1889. 1865, William F. Case Philip T. Myers; died February 13, 1878.


1866, Isaac J. Post; died July 10, 1885.


1867, Joseph H. Campbell; died August 7, 1888. George T. Smith; died Sep- tember 4, 1871.


1868, R. M. Kidder; died December 25, 1874.


1870, Jabez Alsover; died December 2, 1878.


1871, Dennis A. McQuillan; died September 4, 1886. Wesley L. Wilwarth; died May 8, 1875.


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HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY.


1872, James Bryson; died in 1887. William V. Myers; died September 24, 1874. Ivan T. Ruth; died November 19, 1878.


1874, E. W. Simrell Harrison Wright; died February 20, 1885. H. B. Beardslee; died March 11, 1886.


1875, Henry C. Magee; died April 27, 1888.


1876, M. J. Flanagan; died February 1, 1880. W. J. Philbin; died August 29, 1882.


1877, Friend A. Wheelock; died November 24, 1880. D. S. Bennett; died September 16, 1884.


1878, W. R. Kingman; died August 23, 1884.


1879, Nathan Bennett; died June 1, 1889.


1880, A. J. Dietrick; died September 8, 1884.


1884, Ziba Mathers; died March 12, 1888.


1886, James B. Shaver; died April 1, 1887.


1888, Henry Clay Adams; died April 1, 1889. John I. Allen, admitted 1841; died


Resident Attorneys of Luzerne County .- The following is the chronological list of the attorneys of the county now residents, with the date of license to practice:


A. T. McClintock, August 3, 1836; Edwin I. Turner, November 5, 1839; Will- iam P. Miner, August 3, 1841; Samuel McCarragher, November 7, 1842; L. D. Shoemaker, August 1, 1842; Wesley Johnson, April, 1846; F. J. Leavenworth, January 10, 1848; George Loveland, August 19, 1848; Asa R. Brundage, April .2, 1849; Francis L. Butler, April 6, 1849; C. I. A. Chapman, January 8, 1850; D. L. Patrick, August 5, 1850; Garrick M. Harding, August 5, 1850; Alexander Farn- ham, January 13, 1855; Stanley Woodward, August 4, 1856; Agib Ricketts, Janu- ary 6, 1857; John Richards, April 5, 1858; Jerome G. Miller, April 24, 1858; 0. F. Nicholson, April 24, 1858; E. H. Chase, Januray 4, 1859; R. C. Shoemaker, April 4, 1859; Alfred Darte, May 12, 1859; H. B. Plumb, November 21, 1859; Harry Hakes, January 25, 1860; George B. Kulp, August 20, 1860; T. H. B. Lewis, August 29, 1860; Gustav Hahn, February 18, 1861; E. S. Osborne, Febru- ary 26, 1861; D. L. Rhone, April 1, 1861; Charles D. Foster, April 23, 1861; Henry W. Palmer, August 24, 1861; Charles M. Conyngham, August 18, 1862; George R. Bedford, November 10, 1862; Hubbard B. Payne, August 20, 1863; William M. Shoemaker; September 3, 1863; D. L. O'Neil, April 4, 1864; Clarence P. Kidder, April 4, 1864; George Shoemaker, January 6, 1864; John Lynch, November 20, 1865; Charles L. Bulkley, January 8, 1864; Thomas J. Chase, November 12, 1866; D. J. M. Loop. December 1, 1866; William S. McLean, August 10, 1867; Andrew Hunlock, November 10, 1868; D. M. Jones, February 27, 1869; Elliott P. Kisner, August 16. 1869; Isaac P. Hand, November 15, 1869; Edmund G. Butler, November 17, 1869; Button Downing, November 19, 1869; Charles E. Rice, February 21, 1870; Benjamin F. Dorrance, August 20, 1870; L. W. DeWitt, December 17, 1870; George K. Powell, June 12, 1871; Sheldon Reynolds, October 16, 1871; George S. Ferris, February 19, 1872; E. G. Scott, September 9, 1872; Gaius L. Halsey, September 9, 1872; Ernest Jackson, September 9, 1872; Lyman H. Bennett, December 4, 1872; Malcom E. Walker, January 6, 1873; Michael Cannon, January 25, 1873; John A. Opp, February 24, 1873; John T. L. Sahm, April 23, 1873; William H. McCartney, September 12, 1873; Barnet M. E-py, September 20, 1873; William P. Ryman, September 20, 1873; John T. Lenahan, October 27, 1873; Francis M. Nichols, October 28, 1873; Emory Robinson, Janu- ary 5, 1874; Quincy A. Gates, January 22, 1874; Franklin C. Mosier, February 26, 1874; J. Vaughan Darling, June 4, 1874; Allan H, Dickson, September 14, 1874; Joseph D. Coons, September 14, 1874; P. H. Campbell, September 14, 1874; George H. Troutman, September 16, 1874; Lewis B. Landmesser, April 5, 1875; Seligman J. Strauss, September 6, 1875; G. Mortimer Lewis, September 6, 1875;




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