History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5; prepared in compliance with acts of the legislature, Vol. II, Part 42

Author: Bates, Samuel P. (Samuel Penniman), 1827-1902. cn
Publication date: 1869
Publisher: Harrisburg, B. Singerly, State Printer
Number of Pages: 1386

USA > Pennsylvania > History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5; prepared in compliance with acts of the legislature, Vol. II > Part 42

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

Nov. 5, '61, 3 Mar. 2, '64, 3 Feb. 22, '64, Mustered out with company, Aug. 30, 1865-Vet. 3 Mustered out with company, Aug. 30, 1865. Mustered out with company, Aug. 30, 1865-Vet. Sept. 23, '63,. 3 Drafted-mustered out with Co., Aug. 30, 1865. Oct. 2, '63, Drafted-mustered out with Co., Aug. 30, 1865. 3

Lehman, Josiah L ..

Maul, William A do

Nov. 5, '61,

3 3 Feb. 19, '64, Nov. 5, '61, 3

Mangus, Geo. W. do

May, Joseph C.

Myers, Joseph. do

215

THREE YEARS' SERVICE.

NAME.

RANK.

DATE OF MUSTER INTO SERVICE.

REMARKS.

Sleek, Andrew J.

Private

Deserted November 13, 1861.

Thompson, John.

Nov. 5, '61, Oct. 14, '63,

3 3

Wentz, Isaac.

.do

Nov. 5, '61,

Drafted-transferred to company D, April 1, 1864. 3|Wounded at Drury's Bluff, Va., May 16, 1864- absent at muster out-Vet.

Wentz, Henry

.do

Nov. 5, '61, 3 Wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864-ab- sent at muster out-Vet.

Welsh, John F do

Jan. 19, '64, Nov. 5, '61,

Wysong, Samuel

.do

Mar. 2, '64,

Wentz, Adam.

.. do

Nov. 5, '61,

3 Transferred to battery M, Ist regiment U. S. Ar- tillery, February 21, 1863.

Wenris, Daniel.

.do

Wilson, John

.do ....

Sept. 23, '63, 3 Feb. 19, '64, 3 Drafted-transferred to company D. April 1, '64. Died June 29, '64, of wounds received in action- buried in National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.

Wysong. Samuel.

.do

Nov. 5, '61, [3 ] Discharged-date unknown.

UNASSIGNED MEN.

Charles Griffin.

Muc. . Private

Feb. 19, '64. Feb. 19, '64, Feb. 10, '64,

3 3

Deserted February 20-25, 1864.

Bogan, Joho ..

.do

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Benson, Philip.

.do

Feb.

17, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Bowers, Daniel L ...

.do

Mar. 2, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Couch, Ephraim E .. do

Feb. 9, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll. .

Croyle, Benjamin C .do

Feb. 27, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Dick, Henry

Feb. 27, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Gous, William

Sept. 19, '64,

1 Mustered out, December 16, 1865-to date Sept. 19, 1865-expiration of term.

Groft, Jerry

·do

Feb. 11. '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Gorden, James M

.do

Feb.

19, '64,

Helsel, John W .do

Feb.

16, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll.

Knipe, John . .do

Feb. 5, '64, 3 Not on muster-out roll-Vet.

Kineman, George .do

Feb. 27, '64, Feb. 26, '64,

Not on muster-out roll.

M'Kintoo, Davis W

Feb. 19, '64, Feb. 29, '64, 3

Muller, Charles W.

do do

Feb. 19, '64,

3 1

Pennel, John.

Sept. 2, '64,

Parsons, John E.

.do do

Sept. IS, '63, Feb.

Not on muster-out roll.

Rockey, John

Feb. 19, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Ripley, William

Feb. 27, '64,

Shilling, John.

Mar. IS, '64, Feb. 15, '64.

3 Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. 3 3 Not ou muster-out roll.

Thompson, George.

Thauer, Robert J

Feb. 15, '64, Feb. 2, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Wry, William

Feb. 15, '64,

3 Not on muster-out roll.

Willis, Samuel T

.do

Sept. 15, '64,

Substitute-not on muster-out roll.

Young, Lewis.

.do

Feb. 11, '64, 13

Not or muster-out roll.

Tote, Jacob

do do do

3 Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll.

M'Clure. William ...

.do

Ryan, James.

15, '64,

Not on muster-out roll.

M'Beth, William .do

Not on muster-out roll.

Belkie, Leonard

TERM-YEARS |

3 3 3 Mustered out with company, August 30, 1865. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate, June 3, 1862. Discharged Aug. 3, 1865, for wounds received at Chesterfield C. H., Va. .

Wentz, John .. .do

FIFTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.

THIS regiment was organized at Camp Curtin, in the fall of 1861. The men composing it were from various sections of the State, but principally from Philadelphia, and the counties of Indiana, Centre, Luzerne, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, and Wayne. On the 1st of September, Sullivan A. Meredith, of Philadelphia, who had been Colonel of the Tenth (three months') Regiment, was appointed Colonel by Governor Curtin. Soon after J. William Hofmann, and Thomas S. Martin, of Philadelphia, both of whom had served in the Twen- ty-third (three months') Regiment, and had, for several years, been members of the Washington Grays, an artillery company, were appointed Lieutenant Colonel and Major, respectively. Subsequently, Major Martin was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel of the Eleventh Regiment, and John B. Smith, of Pittston, Luzerne county, was appointed Major.

The regiment remained in Camp Curtin during the winter, and on the Sth of March, 1862, its organization still incomplete, having but eight and a-half companies, left Harrisburg for Washington. Reaching the capital at six A. M., of the 9th, it encamped on Kalorama Heights, from thence moved to Me- ridian Hill, and subsequently to Fort Albany, where it remained until April 4th. During its stay at the fort, the first death in the regiment occurred-that of Sergeant Gordon, color bearer. From the fort the regiment proceeded by steamer to Budd's Ferry, on the Lower Potomac, and was there engaged in guarding government property.

On the 24th it embarked for Acquia Landing, the terminus of the Freder- icksburg and Richmond Railroad. Arriving on the following morning it occu- pied huts built by the enemy, and located in rear of a ridge, half a mile south of the landing. Until May 10th, the regiment was engaged in repairing dam- ages done by the enemy to the railroad and landing, when five companies, under command of Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann, moved to Belle Plain. The idea of conquering the rebellion by acts of kindness had not yet been abandoned, and while here, a request was made by a citizen to have his property guarded. Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann declined to furnish the guard, when the appli- cant threatened to present the matter to General M'Dowell. The next morning he returned with the following order:

"Special Order No. 68.

" HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF RAPPAHANNOCK,

OPPOSITE FREDERICKSBURG, VA., May 16, 1862. )

"Colonel Meredith, commanding the Fifty-sixth Pennsylvania, will furnish, from his regiment, a guard for the property of Mr. L. J. Huffman, who lives near Belle Plain. Colonel Meredith will see that no more corn is taken from

217

CEDAR MOUNTAIN AND SECOND BULL RUN.

1862

Mr. Huffman, and that no more fencing is disturbed. The guard will be so placed as to make this sure, even if it should be necessary to place a sentinel over every pannel of fence. By command of

'MAJOR GENERAL M'DOWELL."

It soon became apparent that such indulgent treatment was useless, and that the contest must be waged on a different principle from this. On the 21st of May, the regiment moved to Potomac Creek, to guard the railroad bridge over that stream. On the 27th it proceeded to Fredericksburg, and eneamped on the left bank of the Rappahannock, near the Phillips' House. It was occupied in doing guard duty until the 9th of August, when it was assigned to Double- day's Brigade, * King's Division, M'Dowell's Corps, and moved towards Cedar Mountain, crossing the Rappahannock on a wire suspension bridge built by the corps of General M'Dowell. At eight P. M. the command bivouacked in the road leading to Ely's Ford, and at seven the next morning, resumed the march, reaching Culpepper at twelve P. M.

On the 16th it moved to Cedar Mountain, and on the 19th to Rappahannock Station, near which place, on the 21st, the men heard, for the first time, the shrieks of passing shells. For two hours the cannonade was kept up; but being sheltered by a high bank, no loss was sustained. Moving from Sulphur Springs, through Warrenton, the column was suddenly checked, on the evening of the 28th, by a battery of the enemy, stationed on a ridge near Gainesville. The firing was badly directed, and the shells passed harmless overhead. A narrow strip of wood lay near by, under cover of which the line of battle was formed, the Fifty-sixth occupying the left of the brigade. On emerging from the wood a body of the enemy's infantry, which, in the darkness, had not been observed, opened a severe fire of musketry by which Captain George Corman, of com- pany F, was killed, and Colonel Meredith was severely wounded.

Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann immediately assumed command of the regi- ment, and, on the following morning, with the division, moved to Manassas Junction. At 2 P. M., the division moved back to within a mile of the scene of conflict of the previous evening. The column was moved into the field, to the left of the road, when the enemy's skirmishers immediately opened, supported by a strong line of battle. Here a regiment was required, by General Hatch, commanding the division, to hold them in check while the troops deployed to the left. The Fifty-sixth was ordered forward, and imme- diately filed into the field parallel with the road, changed front, under fire, in a most ereditable manner, and soon replied, when the balance of the division filed past, in rear of the regiment, and formed on its left. The line of battle was on a smail elevation. After a few moments of rapid firing, at easy range, the enemy came forward in heavy force, his line extending to the right, beyond the turnpike. The regiment held its ground until ordered to retire, when it became somewhat disorganized, the way leading through a thick wood. Cap- tain Osborn and Lieutenant Mumford were wounded while leading in the thickest of the fight. In this action the color bearer and the colors of the regi- ment fell into the hands of the enemy.

* Organization of Doubleday's Brigade, King's Division, M'Dowell's Corps. Fifty-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, Colonel Sullivan A. Meredith; Seventy-sixth Regiment New York Volunteers, Colonel William P. Wainwright ; Ninety-fifth Regiment New York Volunteers, Colonel George H. Biddle; Seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteers, Colonel James Gavin; First New Hampshire Battery, Captain George A. Gerrish.

218

FIFTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.

1862

On the morning of the 30th, only one hundred and fifty-four men of the regiment were present for duty, and at 2 P. M. it again went into action, but only as support to other troops. . Several hours later, when the whole army retired, the brigade formed the rear guard, on the right of the turnpike, and suffered considerable loss. Fording Bull Run it moved eastward several miles and bivouacked until morning, when it marched to Centreville, thence to Fair- fax Court House, where it encamped. On the 6th of September it marched through Georgetown and Washington, to Leesburg, where a few days' rest was given the troops.

The campaign in Maryland soon opened, and the regiment was hurried for- ward through Lisbon, New Market, Frederick, and Middletown, to the foot of South Mountain, the crest being held by the enemy. The duty of dislodging him on the right of the road was assigned to Hatch's Division, of which the Fifty-sixth formed part. The brigade, commanded by General Doubleday, was moved to the right of the road, half a mile, formed line of battle, and mov- ing to the crest, engaged and repulsed the enemy in its front. General Hatch was severely wounded during the action, and the command of the di- vision devolved on General Doubleday; that of the brigade on Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann, and of the regiment on Captain Williams, of company D. The loss in the engagement was severe. In the battle of the 16th and 17th, at Antietam, it occupied the extreme right of Hooker's Corps, and suffered but little loss. After the battle it bivouacked in a wood, half a mile west of the Dunkard Church, until the 24th, when it moved a short distance to the west, and encamped until October 20th. It then proceeded to Bakersville, a small village midway between Williamsport and Sharpsburg, where company A was detailed for provost duty at Fair Play. Crossing the Potomac on the 30th, it was ordered to move towards Union, to the support of the cavalry, under Pleasanton, who was engaged in repelling the enemy at the gaps of the moun- tains. Hofmann reported with his brigade, at a point near Union, on the 2d of November, and was directed to drive the enemy from the town. Upon his approach the rebel cavalry and artillery retired to a position, half a mile west, from which they were driven, when they again took position, and opened with artillery. The brigade moved promptly forward to the attack, and drove them in confusion. In this engagement the regiment lost five killed and ten wounded. On the 3d it was engaged in holding important positions, and at night bivouacked at Upperville, where it received the congratulations of the division commander for its gallant conduct in the action of the 2d. It moved on the 5th through Rectortown to Warrenton, and encamped. On the 11th, Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann was relieved of the command of the brigade by Colonel Wainwright, of the Seventy-sixth New York.

Preparations were now being made for the Fredericksburg campaign, and on the 9th of December, the command was at Brooks' Station, and on the 12th, at eight P. M., crossed the Rappahannock, on a pontoon bridge, near Mansfield. Moving across the plateau, on the following morning, it took position, on the left of Franklin's Division, near the Massaponax Creek, but was not actively engaged. Later in the day it held a position along the Bowling Green Road. It is remarkable that not a man in the regiment was killed, or even injured, while those in front, and in rear of the Fitty-sixth, and those on either flank, suffered considerable loss from the enemy's cannonade.

On the night of the 15th the command re-crossed the river, and encamped

219

CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN.

1863

near its banks, where it remained until the 25th, when the corps moved to Pratt's Landing, at the mouth of Potomac Creek. Here huts were ereeted in the expectation that the encampment was for the winter. But on the 20th of January, 1863, the command was put in motion, for a second advance, when, at ten P. M., a severe storm of rain, sleet and snow, burst upon it, which eaused a general breaking up of the roads, arrested the advanee, rendered loco- motion impossible, and left the army hopelessly floundering in the mire. The movement failed of its objeet, and the command returned to its former camp, where it remained until the 28th of April. On the Sth of January, Lieutenant Colonel Hofmann was promoted to Colonel, to fill the vaeaney occasioned by the promotion of Colonel Meredith to Brigadier General. Captain George B. Os- born, of company A, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, and on the 12th of February, upon the resignation of Major Smith, Captain John T. Jaek, of com- pany H, was promoted to succeed him.

On the 28th of April, the regiment moved on the Chaneellorsville campaign, and bivouacked at night, on the banks of the Rappahannock, near the Fitz Hugh House. The regiment now numbered twenty-one officers, and two hundred and eighty-nine enlisted men. General Hooker had succeeded to the command of the army. Early on the morning of the 29th, an effort was made to lay pon- toon bridges aeross the river at Pollock's Mills. The enemy's sharp-shooters, posted in rifle-pits, were very annoying, and delayed the work, rendering it im- practicable, until they were driven from their shelter. To effect this, a storming party was sent aeross in boats, accompanied by General Wadsworth, the di- vision commander, who swam his horse. To eover the erossing of this party, the Fifty-sixth was deployed as skirmishers on the left bank of the river. Un- der cover of the fire of the regiment, the party effeeted a landing, and captured some prisoners. The river was soon erossed by the corps, the objeet of which was to divert the attention of the enemy from the real point of attack, to be made by crossing a considerable distance above Fredericksburg. Works were ereeted, covering the bridge, and the position occupied until ten A. M. of the 2d of May, when the division moved to United States Ford, and bivouacked for the night. The loss to the regiment, in this demonstration, was two killed, and seven wounded. Private Kelly, of company B, who was wounded in the thigh, and suffered amputation, was taken prisoner, earried to Richmond, afterwards ex- changed, and recovered.

At five A. M. of the 3d, the command formed line of battle on the Ely's Ford Road, and held it until it was ordered to re-eross the river. After this it encamped near the Fitz Hugh House, and remained until the 7th of June, when the regiment was detailed, with the 7th Wisconsin, to support the cavalry at Brandy Station. Moving via Hartwood and Kelly's Ford, it reached the point of destination at twelve M. of the 9th. Forming line of battle it held the position, under the enemy's artillery fire, until two P. M., when it moved to Beverly Ford by dircetion of General Buford. Colonel Hofmann formed the regiment in rear of the erest of hills half a mile west of the ford, and remained until the cavalry had re-crossed the river. While holding this position, eom- panies A and F, under command of Captain Runkle, were thrown forward to a stone wall where it repelled a furious charge of the enemy's cavalry.

On the 25th of June the march towards Gettysburg commeneed. The eom- mand proceeded aeross the Potomae, on a pontoon bridge, at the mouth of Goose Creek, through Middletown, and reached Frederick at three P. M. of the

220

FIFTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.

1863

28th. On the following day it moved, acting as rear guard, towards Emmitts- burg, which place it reached at one A. M. of the 30th.

The brigade * had the advance of the First Corps, and the Fifty-sixth was the second in the brigade column. As the head of the column arrived at the front, the regiment was the first to get into position, and as the enemy at the moment advancing, was within easy musket range, it was immediately ordered to fire, which opened the battle. Brigadier General Cutler, then in command of the First Division of the First Corps, in a letter dated November 5, 1863, addressed to Governor Curtin, says: "In noticing in the papers to-day an account of the proposition for a National Cemetery at Gettysburg, for the . men who fell there in July last, I am reminded that I have neglected a duty which I owe to one of your regiments, the Fifty-sixth, and its brave commander, Colonel J. William Hofmann. That regiment is in the Second Brigade of this division, and was at that time under my command. It was my fortune to be in the advance on the morning of July 1st. When we came upon the ground in front of the enemy, Colonel Hofmann's regiment (being the second in the column) got into position a moment sooner than the others, the enemy now advancing in line of battle within easy musket range. The atmosphere being a little thick, I took out my glass to examine the enemy. Being a few paces in the rear of Colonel Hofmann, he turned to me and inquired, 'Is that the enemy ? My reply was, 'Yes.' Turning to his men he commanded, 'Ready, right oblique, aim, fire!' and the Battle of Gettysburg was opened. The fire was followed by other regiments instantly; still that battle on the soil of Penn- sylvania was opened by her own sons, and it is just that it should become a matter of history. When Colonel Hofmann gave the command 'aim,' I doubted whether the enemy was near enough to have the fire effective, and asked him if he was within range; but not hearing my question, he fired, and I received my reply in a shower of rebel bullets, by which many of the Colonel's men were killed and wounded. My own horse, and those of two of my staff, were wounded at the same time. I desire to say to your Excellency that the Fifty- sixth is one of the very best regiments in the service, and that Colonel Hofmann is, without qualification, one of the best officers, brave, faithful and prompt, and a most excellent disciplinarian. I most earnestly hope that his faithful services may be suitably rewarded. I hope that you will cause proper measures to be taken to give that regiment the credit, which is its due, of having opened that memorable battle."

The position of the regiment was in a field in front of a wooded ridge, known as Oak Ridge, where the battle raged furiously for twenty minutes, after which the regiment was withdrawn in good order. It soon after engaged the enemy, un- der Hill, at the northern extremity of the wood. Occupying Seminary Ridge, that overlooks the town from the west, the struggle was resumed with vigor, our troops having the advantage of position. Its ammunition being expended, the brigade was relieved by that of General Baxter, and moving through

* Organization of the Second Brigade, Brigadier General L. Cutler, First Division General James S. Wadsworth, First Corps General John F. Reynolds. Fifty-sixth Regiment Penn- sylvania Volunteers, Colonel J. William Hofmann; Seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteers, Colonel James Gavin; Seventy-Sixth Regiment New York Volunteers, Colonel William P. Wainwright; Ninety-fifth Regiment New York Volunteers, Colonel George H. Biddle; One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment New York Volunteers, Colonel John G. Butler; Eighty- fourth Regiment New York Volunteers, (Fourteenth Brooklyn, ) Colonel Edward B. Fowler.

221

1863

OPENING OF THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.

the town, formed in the cemetery, near the Baltimore Pike, and subsequently moved to a field on the right of the pike, nearly opposite the entrance to the cemetery, where it rested on its arms during the night. Lieutenant Gordon, of company B, and seven men were killed, Captains Burritt and Flynn, and Lientenant Hnbler, and sixty-one men were wounded, and seventy-eight missing.

On the 2d, the regiment moved into the woods on Culp's Hill, and occupied the angle at the summit. Scarcely had it got in position, when the rebels be- gan the ascent of the slope in front. A murderous fire was poured in upon them, causing them to retreat in confusion, but not until some had approached within twenty yards of the works. They sought the shelter afforded by trees and rocks, and from their covert continued firing until late at night. In this action the regiment lost two killed, and three wounded.

On the following day it remained inactive until six P. M., when it was moved to the cemetery to support the batteries on its crest. On the 6th it moved to Emmittsburg, and on the 7th crossed the Catoctin mountains, and reached Middletown at noon of the Sth. It participated in the pursuit of the enemy which followed, crossed the Potomac at Berlin, and moved with the corps in the retreat to Centreville, and the advance to, and retreat from Mine Run. On the 25th of July, while at Warrenton Junction, Colonel Hofmann, and a num- ber of officers and men of the regiment, were detailed to conduct drafted men from Philadelphia. While in the city, that the men might readily learn their duties and responsibilities, Colonel Hofmann caused to be published a pamphlet containing the articles of war, and extracts from the army regulations of such paragraphs as particularly apply to the enlisted men, and, on his return, fur- nished each of them with a copy, a comparatively small outlay that resulted in great good.

Colonel Hofmann was ordered, on the evening of the 30th of November, with his own and the One Hundred and Forty-seventh New York regiments, to guard the bridge across Mine Run until three o'clock of the following morning; then to withdraw his pickets, and destroy the bridge; all of which was success- fully accomplished. During the movement on Mine Run, the regiment lost five men wounded. On the 7th of November, Lieutenant Loren Burritt of com- pany K, who had been Aid-de-Camp to General Cutler, was promoted to Major, and subsequently to Lieutenant Colonel, and Brevet Colonel of the Eighth United States Colored Troops, and Captain Burritt, of the same company, was made Aid. Lieutenant Colonel Osborn was appointed Division Inspector, which position he retained until the expiration of his term of service.

Remaining quietly in camp until the 6th of February, 1864, the regiment, under command of Major Jack, Colonel Hofmann being in command of the brigade, participated in the demonstration at Raccoon Ford. On the 10th of March, a sufficient number of the men having re-enlisted to entitle it to retain its organization as a veteran regiment, it was granted a veteran furlough, and returned to Philadelphia. On the 17th of April they met at Chester, Penn- sylvania, and on the 20th left for the front. A few days of camp life, and then came the memorable Wilderness campaign. The regiment crossed the Rapidan, at Germania Ford, at four A. M. of the 4th of May, and on the morn- ing of the 5th moved towards Parker's Store. The brigade occupied the ex- treme left of the division, and the regiment the extreme left of the brigade. At noon the line moved forward, through a dense wood a short distance, when it became engaged. Captain Barger, of company H, occupying the left of the

222

FIFTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.

1864

line, discovered and reported the enemy moving around the left flank. Scarcely had he given the intelligence, when the whole line, bravely contending against great odds, was forced back. In this encounter the Fifty-sixth sustained heavy loss in killed, wounded, and missing. Among the killed was Lieutenant Tit- man, of company G, a faithful officer, whose sword-drawn for the first time in this battle-was presented him in acknowledgment of his services in the. ranks. The division re-formed in front of the Lacy House, and at six P. M. moved through the woods to the support of the Second Corps, then engaged with the enemy on the plank road, west of the Brock Road.

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History of Pennsylvania volunteers, 1861-5; prepared in compliance with acts of the legislature, Vol. II, Part 42

Author: Bates, Samuel P. (Samuel Penniman), 1827-1902. cn Publication date: 1869 Publisher: Harrisburg, B. Singerly, State Printer Number of Pages: 1386

Author: Bates, Samuel P. (Samuel Penniman), 1827-1902. cn
Publication date: 1869
Publisher: Harrisburg, B. Singerly, State Printer
Number of Pages: 1386