History of Schuylkill County, Pa. with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Part 25

Author:
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell
Number of Pages: 604

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On the 9th of April the division to which the company was attached commenced its march toward the City of Mexico. They were joined near Cerro Gordo by Gen- eral Scott, and on the 16th and 17th considerable skirm- ishing took place in endeavoring to get favorable posi- tions, and in opening new roads to turn the enemy's left, and to gain possession of an eminence opposite Cer- ro Gordo Heights. At the battle of Cerro Gordo, which took place on the 18th, the company was under the com- mand of Lieutenants Nagle and Kaercher, Captain Na- gle acting as major.

After this engagement the company, with its brigade, went to Jalapa and thence to Castle Perote, where, with some other companies, it was, during some time, engaged in dispersing guerillas and maintaining communication between Pueblo and the National Bridge. Early in Oc- tober they moved to Pueblo to relieve the garrison there. An action took place not far from there, and the enemy fell back on Matamoras.

At Pueblo the companies of the regiment were united, and proceeded with the command of General Lane to the City of Mexico, and encamped at San Angel till the expiration of the armistice.

In June, 1847, Lieutenant F. B. Kaercher and Ser- geants Farnham and Shadman were sent home on re- cruiting service. At the National Bridge the party with which they were was attacked by guerillas, and a sharp action ensued. On the Ioth of July Lieutenant Kaer- cher and his associates reached Pottsville, opened a re- cruiting office, and enlisted a number of recruits, who were sent to Baltimore. 'January 26th he sailed from Baltimore with 60 recruits, and after a voyage of 26 days arrived at Vera Cruz, where he rejoined the company and regiment, which had been sent to Vera Cruz on guard duty. The regiment shortly afterward returned to the City of Mexico and took up its quarters at San Angel, where it remained till peace was declared.

Colonel F. M. Wynkoop, who left Pottsville as a pri- vate in the company, commanded the brigade at San An- gel. He was highly complimented by General Scott for capturing General Valencia.

Returning with the army, the company landed at New Orleans, came up the Mississippi and Ohio rivers to Pittsburgh, and thence to Philadelphia, where they were|

mustered out of the service. On their return to Potts- ville they were received with all the honors that their grateful friends could bestow on them. The streets were decorated with arches, flags were displayed, ad- dresses of welcome were made, and the people vied with each other in doing honor to the returning veterans.

The following is a list of the members of this company from Schuylkill county. Those marked with a * de- serted; those marked with a t were killed.

Officers-Captain, James Nagle; lieutenants-Simon S. Nagle, F. B. Kaercher, Jacob Felsnagle; sergeants- Edward Kehr, William S. Nagle, Edward Kaercher, L. S. McMiken; corporals-Enos Zentmoyer, J. Egbert Far- num, David Lewellyn*, Edward Napon; drummer, Dan- iel Nagle, jr .; fifer, Reuben Stamm.

Privates-A. H. Berger, Bernard Barr, Charles Brumm, Levi Brightt, Nelson Berger, James Cochran, John Doyle, Peter Douty, Levi Epler, Henry Fisher, George W.Garrett, Henry Graeff, John C.Gilman, Thomas W. Guthrie, Elias P. Hiney, John Hays, John Hand*, William H. Hatchley", David Jones", John Jennings*, Elias Kelly, John Kipley, Singleton Kimmel, William Knockenhouse, Michael Lusht, William Lyons, Abel B. Macy, Alexander McDonald, Francis C. McGreen, Ferdinand Mamerenk, John Mooney, John Myers, Samuel Maglauchlen, Valentine K. Mills, William Mar- kle, Benjamin Nagle, John M. Nolan, Seth Price, Ed- ward Robbins, Henry Richards, James Ruckle, Andrew N. Stamm, Benjamin Smith, Benjamin Shell, Charles Scrimshaw, Daniel Shappel, Eli Shelley, Franklin Seitz- inger, George K. Seitzinger, Henry Smink, John Stegner, John Shuster, Jacob W. Shoop, James Sands, Michael Sands, Robert H. Savage, Samuel Shadman, Emanuel Shelley, Thomas Simpson*, William Seitzinger, Owen D. Thomas, F. M. Wynkoop, Gotleib Wisshue, Robert F. Walter, Robert Welsh, William Wolfinger, William Wethi- comb, John Doutyt.

CHAPTER XVI.

ORIGIN AND EARLY INCIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR- PATRIOTIC SPIRIT IN SCHUYLKILL COUNTY.

HE limits and scope of this work will not per- mit even an enumeration of all the events that led to the civil war. It is quite proper, however, that a brief mention should be made of some of the more important and imme- diate antecedents of the contest, in which many of the citizens of this county bore a conspicuous and honorable part, and in which many laid down their lives. The doctrine which has by some been termed a grand political heresy-that of State sovereignty or, as it was im- properly termed at the south, State rights-was what led to the civil war. By this is meant the right of a State to set aside any act of Congress which may be deemed uncon- stitutional by the State authorities. This doctrine was distinctly set forth in the famous Kentucky resolutions of 1798, and was for a long time accepted by many, perhaps a majority, in all parts of the country. It involves not the right of nullification alone, but that of secession.

100

CAUSES AND BEGINNING OF THE REBELLION.

South Carolina in 1832 was dissatisfied with the protect- ive tariff which Congress established, and adopted an or- dinance of nullification and secession. A compromite was effected, some concessions to her prejudices were made and she repealed her ordinance.

The question of the introduction of slavery into Kan- sas arose, and the people of the northern States evinced a determination to prevent it, in which they were success- ful. In 1856 threats of secession were freely uttered in case of the success of the Republican party, which in 1855 had been formed on the issue of slavery extension. In

1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected President, and this was regarded by southern statesmen as the finishing stroke against the extension of their institution, and they pro- ceeded to execute their threats. South Carolina took the lead in this, followed by Georgia, Mississippi, Ala- bama, Virginia, Florida and Louisiana, all of which be- fore the end of November issued calls for State conven- tions to consider the question of secession. In this they were followed after a time by Tennessee, Texas, Arkan- sas and North Carolina, all of which adopted ordinances of secession.

South Carolina adopted the ordinance on the first day of December, 1860. Three days later Governor Pickens issued his proclamation, declaring it to be a " separate sovereign, free and independent State, having a right to levy war, conclude peace, negotiate treaties," etc.

John B. Floyd, of Virginia, was at that time Secretary of War. He had caused 70,000 stand of arms to be placed in the arsenal at Charleston, and had put that arsenal in the care of the governor of South Carolina; and thus when the State seceded it was able to possess itself of these arms, and it was also found that the north- ern arsenals generally had been depleted and the arms sent south. Many of the ships of the navy had been sent to distant seas, and the government was left without efficient resources with which to repress a sudden upris- ing.

The senators from South Carolina were the first to re- sign their seats, followed by others, and by members of the cabinet and of the House of Representatives. Texas, the last of the seven States which united in form- ing the " Southern Confederacy," adopted the ordinance of secession February Ist, 1861. On the 4th of the same month the delegates that had been appointed by the conventions for that purpose met at Montgomery, Ala., to form a government. They adopted the consti- tution of the United States, with some additions and alterations, as the constitution of the Confederate States, and chose for provisional President and Vice-President Jefferson Davis and Alexander H. Stephens.

When South Carolina passed the ordinance of secession in December, 1860, Fort Moultrie, in Charleston harbor, was garrisoned by sixty effective men in command of Major Anderson. The fort was not secure against attack, and Major Anderson was denied reinforcements. Accord- ingly on the night of December 20th he removed his force to Fort Sumter, which had been quietly prepared for his occupation. He had been instructed by the

President "not to take up without necessity any position which could be construed into a hostile attitude, but to hold possession of the forts, and if attacked defend him- self." This evacuation of Fort Moultrie therefore sur- prised the President and aroused the indignation of the South Carolinians, who thought they had a pledge from the President to prevent such removal. He was induced to take this step because he entertained just apprehen- sions of the occupation of Fort Sumter by the South Carolina troops, and an attack on his small force in the nearly defenseless fort where he was, in which case it would have been impossible for him to hold out a day.

Three commissioners that had been appointed by the South Carolina Convention "to treat with the United States " repaired to Washington, and in obedience to their instructions demanded that Major Anderson should be ordered back to Fort Moultrie, and, in case of refusal, that the forts in Charleston harbor should be uncon- ditionally evacuated. About this time the government offices, forts, etc., were possessed by the state troops, who were supplied with arms and ammunition from the arsenal.

An attempt was made by the government to revictual and reinforce Fort Sumter, and for that purpose the steamer "Star of the West " was sent in January, 1861, with two hundred men, provisions, ammunition, etc. She was fired on from Morris Island, was struck by several shot and compelled to return without landing her troops and cargo.

April 12th, 1861, at 4 A. M., the bombardment of Fort Sumter was commenced from the batteries of Fort Moul- trie, Sullivan's Island and elsewhere. The rebel forces were under the command of General Beauregard, who demanded the surrender of the fort. Major Anderson replied that he would only surrender when his supplies were exhausted. The cannonading was kept up with spirit on both sides. The result was the surrender of the fort on the 13th, and on the 14th Major Anderson and his command left on the steamer "Isabel" for New York.

After the attack on Fort Sumter it was feared that the Confederate troops would march at once on Washington, and all the available forces were so disposed as to afford the best protection to the capital possible with the meagre number of troops available. Measures were immediately taken to raise troops in several States, and thousands of volunteers at once offered their services. President Lin- coln promptly issued his proclamation and call for 75,000 troops for three months, and stated that they would first be used to "repossess the forts, places and property which had been seized from the Union." The procla- mation also called a special session of Congress for the next 4th of July, to do whatever might be deemed nec- essary for the public safety. Another proclamation, de- claring a blockade, was soon issued.

To the call for volunteers the people of the loyal States responded with the utmost alacrity. Only two days after Governor Andrew, of Massachusetts, issued orders calling for troops, two regiments were on their way to Washing-

I10

HISTORY OF SCHUYLKILL COUNTY.

ton. In every city and almost every village in the loyal north meetings were held, large sums of money were pledged for the support of the families of volunteers, reg- iments were raised and sent forward, and a degree of patriotic feeling was aroused the existence of which had by some been doubted.

On the 29th of April the President called for 40,000 volunteers to serve three years, and 25,000 regulars for five years' service. In his message to Congress, which convened in special session in July, he recommended the passage of a law authorizing the raising of 400,000 men and placing $400,000,000 at the disposal of the govern- ment, in order to make this contest a short and decisive one. During the nine days of the session acts were pass- ed to legalize the past action of the President, to author- ize the calling out of 500,000 volunteers, to appropriate some $266,000,000 for the prosecution of the war, and to confiscate property used for insurrectionary purposes.

At the breaking out of the war hardly any one antici- pated a struggle of beyond two or three months; but in- stead of the short, decisive war that was at first antici-

pated, the contest was prolonged through four years, parts of the county, and their lists were rapidly filled. with an expenditure of life and treasure unparalleled in the history of similar wars. During this time the union forces experienced alternate successes and reverses till the decisive triumphs of Grant and Sheridan, the resist- less march of Sherman to the sea, and the complete ex- haustion of the enemy's resources, brought the consum- mation for which the friends of the Union had so long labored and prayed. The tension at which the feelings of the friends of humanity had been held during four years was relaxed, and the world breathed free again.

In this county, as in all parts of the country, the de- parture of the first companies of volunteers was an occa- sion of peculiar interest. It was the first time in the history of the country that the national existence had been threatened, and the patriotic feelings of every loyal citizen were roused into intense activity. It was the first general call which had been made on the present generation for volunteers to serve in the field, and, of course, the first occasion on which the people had been called to bid adieu to fathers, sons or brothers, who took their lives in their hands for the defense of their country. They experienced a higher pride in the patriotism of their kindred and friends, and a more poignant grief at parting than they felt on similar occasions afterward; for the acuteness of these feelings was, to some extent, worn away by frequent exercise, and after the first de- parture less of idle curiosity was felt.

The brave volunteers of Schuylkill county who left the comforts of their homes, their social and domestic pleasures, and who severed for the time the ties which linked them to their families and friends, to rally for the defense of the institutions under which they had been permitted to enjoy these comforts, pleasures and affec- tions; to face the stern realities of grim-visaged war, to endure the hardships and privations of the field, to in- hale the pestilential emanations from southern swamps, to languish in sickness and pain on pallets, "with no

hand of kindred to smooth their lone pillows," and too often to find solitary graves where neither mother nor sister, wife nor children could come to "drop affection's tear," deserve a more extended history than the limits of this work will permit. They constituted parts of organ- izations the balance of which came from other regions, and their histories are inseparably connected with those of these organizations.

On the receipt of the intelligence that the national flag had been fired on the people in Schuylkill county at once forgot party distinctions, and came to be actuated by the feeling that the government must at all hazards be sustained.

On Monday, April 15th, at noon, the proclamation of the President was received. The requisition for troops came on Tuesday, the 16th, and on Wednesday, the 17th, two days from the time of receiving the proclamation, two companies, the Washington Artillerists and the Na- tional Light Infantry-numbering some two hundred and fifty men-were marching for Harrisburg and Washing- ton. New companies were at once formed in various Such was the patriotic ardor aroused that men whose heads were white with age and scarcely adolescent youths presented themselves, and so great was their anxiety to serve their country that they regarded their rejection as a hardship.

On the evening of the 16th a meeting convened at the court-house in Pottsville, at which patriotic resolutions were adopted and five trustees-Andrew Russel, Thomas H. Walker, S. N. Palmer, Levi Huber and Benjamin Haywood-were appointed to take charge of subscrip- tions and funds for the aid of the families of volunteers. During the meeting subscriptions to the amount of $5,200 were received, and within four days this amount was in- creased to $6,915, from 77 contributors. Similar meet- ings were held in other parts of the county, and within a week a total of $24,286 was subscribed.

Of this fund Burd Patterson & Son subscribed $1,000, William H. Johns $250, Christopher Loeser, James S. Kirk and Gideon Bast each $200, and each of the follow- ing $100:

T. H. Walker, J. M. Wetherell, F. W. Hughes, B. F. Pomroy, L. F. Whitney, James W. Bowen, Benjamin Bannan, John Bannan, John Shipper, E. O. Parry, J. Sillyman, G. H. Gay & C. W. Hegins, J. H. Campbell, Charles Baber, J. S. Carpenter, A. Russel, G. W. Snyder, B. W. Cumming, William Milnes, jr., Solomon Foster, Frank Pott, Fox & Brother, John Clayton, Myer Strouse and mother, William Wolff, John T. Hobart, A. H. Hal- berstadt, Benjamin Haywood, Palo Alto Rolling Mill, Michael Bright, John T. Werner, Thomas Foster & Co., I. F. Voorhees, Samuel Morris, jr., John S. Morris, R. R. Morris, W. Donaldson, David Beveridge, Jacob Chris- tian, Jacob Huntzinger, jr., H. Rosengarten, J. D. Cake, George Patterson, Ruch & Evans, Charles F. Kopitcsh, George De B. Kerm, Jacob A. Hazen, William B. Wells, Nichols & Beck, Pliny Fisk, Gideon Bast, A. S. Moor- head, Benjamin Pott, Robert F. Weaver, L. Vasline and J. Pott, William Mortimer, jr., B. F. Taylor, James Focht, Thomas Johns, D. G. Yuengling, J. W. Rose- berry, Thomas Cooch, R. M. Palmer, William E. Boyer,

111

FIRST VOLUNTEERS IN 1861.

Thomas Petherick, Samuel Harrison, L. H. Allen, M. P. Fowler, Nicholas Seitzinger, A. Landaner, G. H. McCabe, H. F. Stidfole, William Price, John C. Deibert, Henry Saylor, Drs. S. and F. Shannon, William H. Hopkins, A. T. Troutman, George D. Matchin, John Kitzmiller, Lyman Nutting, Levi Miller, Reuben H. Stees, James L. Nutting, John Hoch, John E. Graeff, Edmund L. Tyler, William Graeff, Peter Filbert, sr., and Isaac Harvev.

Many others contributed smaller sums, according to their ability.

By the 24th of April 22 companies, aggregating 1860, men, had left the county for the seat of war. Of these 1,600 had reached Washington on the evening of the seventh day after the issue of the President's proclama- tion. At a meeting on the 25th a draft was adopted of a law authorizing and requiring the county commission- ers to levy a tax of two and a half mills on the dollar, according to the last valuation of the property in the county, to constitute a fund for the benefit of families of volunteers who required assistance. Under a resolution at this meeting a committee of three in each township and borough was appointed to report the families of volunteers requiring aid. Meetings were held in all parts of the county, and everywhere prompt measures were adopted to sustain the government in its hour of peril. A number of the patriotic women of the county organ- ized a "Nurse's Corps " and tendered their services to the government through the Secretary of War.

The patriotic spirit which the ladies of this county thus early manifested did not forsake them, but through- out the war they labored in their sphere for the comfort of those who had left their homes and gone forth to face the stern realities of "grim-visaged war," in the defense of their country and its institutions. Many a soldier, as he languished in a distant hospital, far from wife, mother, sisters and friends, has had occasion to bless his unknown benefactress who sent from among the moun- tains in Schuylkill county some article for his comfort, or some delicacy which the government was not able to furnish. Ladies' aid societies were organized in differ- ent parts of the county, auxiliary to a central society at Pottsville through which the contributions of these so- cieties were forwarded to hospitals or to recent battle fields; and by this system the patriotic benevolence of these ladies was made available for the objects of it more fully than could have been done had each acted independently of the other.

Truth compels the admission that though, in the first wave of patriotism that swept over the county, as well as the entire north, no sympathy with the enemies of the country was discernable, yet as time wore on a small party of skulking sympathizers with those enemies was found to exist here. That such a feeling should exist among the comparatively ignorant was not a matter of surprise; but that an educated and somewhat influen- tial professional man could be found to foster and en-

courage disloyal sentiments among these was a cause of deep regret and chagrin among the better class of citi- zens in the county.

On the evening of April 17th five Pennsylvania com- panies, including two from Schuylkill county, mentioned above, had reported at Harrisburg. As they passed through Baltimore the next day they were iusulted and assaulted by the mob which the day after attacked the 6th Massachusetts. They reached Washington at 7 P. M. of the 18th, being the first to reach the city in re- ponse to the call of the 15th, for which promptness they were subsequently voted the thanks of the House of Representatives. They were quartered in the capitol, on the Potomac front of which they immediately commenced the construction of temporary defenses. During the period of their enlistment they were engaged in various duties in and about Washington. They became a part of the 25th regiment, of which Lieutenant H. L. Cake, of the National Light Infantry, was made colonel, and Captain John B. Selheimer, of the Logan Guards, lieu- tenant-colonel. An evidence of the good quality of the soldiers composing these companies is found in the fact that of one of them more than half afterward became commissioned officers, of every rank from lieutenant to brigadier-general.

The muster rolls of the companies as they reached Harrisburg were as follows:

WASHINGTON ARTILLERY.

Officers .- Captain, James Wren. First lieutenant, David A. Smith; second, Francis B. Wallace; second second, Philip Nagle. Sergeants-Henry C. Russell, Joseph A. Gilmour, Cyrus Sheetz, W. J. McQuade. Quartermaster's Sergeant, G. H. Gressang. Corporals- D. J. Ridgway, Samuel R. Russell, Charles Hinkle, Reuben Snyder.

Privates .- George H. Hill, Francis P. Dewees, Wm. R. Potts, Thomas Johnson, Nelson T. Major, I. E. Severn, Thomas Jones, Thomas Severn, fifer; George Meyers, J. C. Weaver, John Engle, Chas. P. Potts, Chas. Loeser, jr .; H. K. Downing, Wm. H. Hardell, J. B. Brant, Chas. Slingluff, Theodore F. Patterson, Chas. Evans, Chas. Hause, Francis Hause, D. B. Brown, John Christian, A. G. Whitfield, W. Bates, Oliver C. Bosbyshell, R. F. Potter, A. H. Titus, Jos. Reed, Joel H. Betz, John Cur- ry, Robert Smith, Aug. Reese, Hugh Stephenson, H. H. Hill, Eli Williams, Benjamin Christian, Thomas Peth- erick, jr .; Louis T. Snyder, E. J. Shippen, R. M. Hodg- son, Wm. W. Clemens, C. C. Pollock, Wm. Auman, Wm. E. Riley, Edward T. Leib, Daniel Morer, W. Brown, Edward Nagle, Godfrey Leonard, Charles F. Garrett, G. W. Bratton, John Nagle, Wm. Heffner, Vict. Werner, Val. Stichter, Francis B. Bannan, Wm. Bartholomew, Geo. Steahlen, Charles A. Glen, Wm. Spence, Patrick Hanley, Wm. J. Feger, Wm. Lesher, D. C. Potts, Alba C. Thompson, Daniel Christian, Reuben Snyder, Samuel Beard, Thomas Irwin, Henry Deutzer, Philip Deutzer, H. Bobbs, John Pass, Heber S. Thompson, B. F. Jones, John J. Hetherington, Peter Fisher, Wm. Dagan, A. F. Bowen, drummer; J. R. Hetherington, Nelson Drake,

II2

HISTORY OF SCHUYLKILL COUNTY.

Benjamin Heffner, Francis A. Seltzer, Charles A. Hesser, Samuel Shoner, Charles Maurer, James S. Sillyman, Henry Brobst, Peter Grow, Alfred Huntzinger, W. Als- pach, John Hoffa, J. F. Barth, Wm. Cole, David Williams, George Rice, Joseph Kear, Charles E. Beck, F. B. Ham- mer, P. H. Frailey, Thomas Corby, Charles Vanhorn, John Noble, Joseph Fyant, Alex. S. Bowen, John Jones. Frank Stitzer, Wm. A. Maize, Wm. Agan, George H. Hartman, Richard Bartolett, Lewis Douglass, Richard Rice, Fred. Christ, Frank P. Myer, Bernard Riley.

NATIONAL LIGHT INFANTRY.

Officers .- Captain, E. McDonald. First lieutenant, James Russell; second, Henry L. Cake; third, Lewis J. Martin. Quartermaster's sergeant, D. Downey.

Privates .- J. Addison McCool, Lamar S. Hay, George G. Boyer, John Simpson, Thomas G. Houck, Edward Thomas, Elias B. Trifoos, John Stodd, Lawrence Mana- yan, B. F. Bartlett, William Madara, Emanuel Saylor, William T. Garrett, John P. Womelsdorff, Charles Rus- sell, J. J. Dampman, Ernst Saubrey, C. F. Hoffman, Ja- cob Bast, Daniel Eberle, William H. Hodgson, Ernst T. Ellrich, Amos Forseman, C. F. Umberhauer, Abraham McIntyre, William R. Roberts, Jonas W. Rich, Charles Weber, Terence Smith, F. A. Schoener, William Pugh, Frank Hanley, James Smith, George W. Mennig, James Marshall, Ira Troy, Uriah Good, William Irving, Patrick Curtin, John Burns, Edward McCabe, F. W. Conrad, John Donigan, John Mullins, John Lamons, William Mc- Donald, George W. Garber, F. W. Simpson, Alexander Smith, David Dilly, George Shartle, A. D. Allen, W. F. Huntzinger, George A. Lerch, James Carroll, John Ben- edict, Edmund Foley, Thomas Kelly, John Eppinger, John Rouch, David Howard, Jeremiah Deitrich, William Weller, William A. Christian, Mark Walker, Ralph Corby, Henry Mehr, F. Goodyear, William Carl, Anthony Lipp- man, John P. Deiner, William A. Beidleman, Charles J. Shoemaker, James Donigan, Edward Moran, Herman Hauser, Louis Weber, Thomas H. Parker, John Howell, Henry Yeger, William Davenport, James Landerfield, James R. Smith, Michael Foren, Alexander Smith, W. M. Lashorn, Levi Gloss, Samuel Heilner, Enoch Lam- bert, Frank Wenrich, Joseph Johnson, Henry C. Nies, Jacob Shoey, John Hartman, William Buckley, Henry Quin, Thomas G. Buckley, William Becker, J. P. McGin- ness, Charles J. Redcay, jr .; William Britton, Thomas Smith, J. M. Hughes, Thomas Martin, Henry Garing, Dallas Dampman, John Bodafield, M. Edgar Richards, Thomas Butt, John Cooper.

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History of Schuylkill County, Pa. with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Part 25

Author: Publication date: 1881 Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell Number of Pages: 604

Author:
Publication date: 1881
Publisher: New York, W. W. Munsell
Number of Pages: 604