USA > Pennsylvania > Mifflin County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 20
USA > Pennsylvania > Perry County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 20
USA > Pennsylvania > Union County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 20
USA > Pennsylvania > Juniata County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 20
USA > Pennsylvania > Snyder County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 20
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"Buffaloe township.2-Mr. Walter Clark (removed to White Deer), William Irwin, Joseph Green.
" Wioming township .- Mr. James McClure, Mr. Thomas Clayton, Mr. Peter Melick.
" Penn's township.2 ---
" Moughonoy township .-
"Potter township .- John Livingston, Maurice Davis, John Hall.
" White Deer township.2-Walter Clark, Matthew Brown, Marcus Huling.
"Captain John Hambright was appointed chairman and Thomond Ball clerk.
"On the 7th instant the following gentlemen were duly elected field officers for the battalion of said di- vision, viz. : Samuel Hunter, Esquire, colonel ; Wil- liam Cook, Esquire, lieutenant-colonel; Casper Weitzel, Esquire, first major ; Mr. John Lee, second major.
" Monday, February 26th, 1776 .- The committee met, according to adjournment, at the house of Laughlin McCartney, in Northumberland town, Captain John Hambright in the chair.
" The following gentlemen appeared and produced certificates of their being regularly chosen captains of companies in Colonel Hunter's battalion, and pro- duced lists of their subalterns, companies, &c., viz. :
"Captain, Nicholas Miller; First Lieutenant, Christopher Gettig ; Second, Lieutenant, Nehemiah Breese ; First Ensign, Gustavus Ross ; Second En- sign, William Sims.
"Captain, Hugh White; First Lieutenant, John Forster; Second Lieutenant, Andrew Gibson ; Ensign, Samuel Young.
"Captain, James McMahon ; First Lieutenant, John Murray; Second Lieutenant, William Fisher ; Ensign, William Baily.
"Captain, Charles Gillespie ; First Lieutenant, Robert King; Second Lieutenant, Samuel Fulton ; First Ensign, William Boyd; Second Ensign, John Woodside.
"Captain, William Scull; First Lieutenant, Jona, than Lodge; Second Lieutenant, George Colhoun ; First Ensign, William Sawyers; Second Ensign, George Grant.
"Captain, William Clarke; First Lieutenant, John Teitson; Second Lieutenant, William McDonald ; First Ensign, John Moll.
" Wednesday, March 13, 1776 .- The committee met at the house of Frederick Stone, in Northumberland town, agreeable to adjournment, Captain John Ham-
2 Buffalo, Penn's and White Deer townships were in what. is now the territory of Union and Snyder Counties.
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bright in the chair, when the following gentlemen made returns of their officers, captains, subalterns, &e., properly certified, viz. :
" William Plunket, Esquire, Colonel ; James Mur- ray, Esquire, Lieutenant-Colonel ; Mr. John Brady, First Major: Mr. Cookson Long, Second Major.
"Captain, Henry Antis, Esquire ; First Lieutenant, Thomas Brandon; Second Lieutenant, Alexander Hamilton ; First Ensign, John Morison ; Second En- sign, James Alexander.
"Captain, Samuel Wallis; First Lieutenant, John Scudder; Second Lieutenant, Peter Jones; Ensign, James Hampton.
"Captain, John Robb; First Lieutenant, William Watson; Second Lieutenant, Robert Wilson; En- sign, James White.
"Captain, William McElhatton ; First Lieutenant, Andrew Boggs; Second Lieutenant, Thomas Wilson ; Ensign, John McCormick.
"Captain, William Murray; First Lieutenant, Richard Irwin ; Second Lieutenant, Thomas Plunk- ett; First Ensign, Andrew Robinson; Second En- sign, Benjamin Jordon.
"Captain, Simon Cool; First Lieutenant, Thomas Camplen ; Second Lieutenant, James Brandon; First Ensign, William King; Second Ensign, James Hewes.
"Captain, David Berry; First Lieutenant, Wil- liam Hammond; Second Lieutenant, Joseph Bonser; Ensign, Israel Pershel."
At this time there arose some jealousy in re- gard to the enlistment of men and the conse- quent withdrawal from the exposed frontier of its best military element.
" Information being given to the committee that a certain Hawkins Boone is now enlisting men in this county, without giving any satisfactory account for what purpose or service the said men are enlisted;
"Resolved, That the chairman of this committee call upon the said Hawkins Boone, by letter or other- wise, to appear before him and two or more of said committee, as he, the chairman, shall think ex- pedient, on such day and at such place as he shall appoint, to show cause why he, the said Boone, enlists men as aforesaid.
"Monday, March 25, 1776 .- The committee met pursuant to adjournment at the house of Thomond Ball, in Sunbury, Captain John Hambright in the chair.
"Resolved, That it appears to this committee that several recruiting officers, belonging to the battalions of different counties in this Province, have lately come to this infant frontier county and drained it of a number of useful men, to the prejudice of the same.
"Resolved, That for the future no officer or non- commissioned officer be allowed to recruit men in
this county, except the officers who are or may be appointed therein.
"John Simpson, Esquire, presented a return, where- in appears the following list of officers, the company belonging to Colonel Hunter's battalion, viz. :
"Captain, John Simpson, Esquire; First Lieu- tenant, Robert Curry ; Second Lieutenant, John Ewart; First Ensign, Thomas Gaskins; Second En- sign, David Mead."
The feeling of the people against indiscrim- inate and heavy drainage of the population from the frontier by enlistments for the Continental army is in the following letter of John Ham- bright very fairly reflected :
" SUNBURY, 27th March, 1776.
" .. . We are now, gentlemen, to inform you of what we think a grievance to this young and thinly inhabited county, viz. : a constant succession of re- cruiting officers from different counties in this Prov- ince. Our zeal for the cause of American liberty has hitherto prevented our taking any steps to hinder the raising of men for its service; but finding the evil in- creasing so fast upon us as almost to threaten the de- population of the county, we cannot help appealing to the wisdom and justice of your committee to know whether the quota of men that may be demanded from this county under their own officers is not as much as can reasonably be expected from it. . Whether, at a time when we are uncertain of peace with the Indians (well knowing that our enemies are tampering with them), and a claim is set up to the greatest part of this Province by a neighboring Colony who have their hostile abettors at our very breasts, as well as their emissaries amongst us, is it prudent to drain an infant frontier county of its strength of men ? and whether the safety of the in- terior parts of the Province would not be better se- cured by adding strength to the frontiers ? Whether our Hon. Assembly, by disposing of commissions to gentlemen in different counties to raise companies which are to form the number of battalions thought necessary for the defense of the Province, did not in- tend that the respective captains should raise their companies where they [were] appointed; and - not distress our county by taking from it all the men necessary for the business of agriculture, as well as the defense of the same?' From our knowledge of the state of this county, we make free to give our opinion of what would be most for its advantage, as well as that of the Province (between which we hope there never will be a difference), and first to inform you [of ] the poverty of the people, many of whom came bare and naked here, being plundered by a banditti who call themselves Yankees, and those who brought some property with them, from the necessary delay of cultivating a wilderness before they could
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have any produce to live upon, together with the necessity of still continuing the closest application to labor and industry for their support, renders it morally improbable that a well disciplined militia ran be established here, as the distance which some men are obliged to go to muster is the loss of two days to them, which, not being paid for, they will not, nor indeed can they, so often attend as is neces- sary to complete them even in the manual exercise. We would recommend that two or more companies be raised and put in pay for the use of the Province, to be ready to march when and where the service may require them, and when not wanted for the service of the public at any particular place, to be stationed in this county in order to be near and de- feud our frontier, should they be attacked by our enemies of any denomination, the good effect of which, we imagine, would be considerable, as though they may be too few to repel, they may stop the progress of an enemy untif the militia could be raised to assist them. Should this proposal appear eligible, please to inform us thereof, and we will recommend such gentlemen for officers as we think will be most suitable for the service and agreeable to the people.
"We are, gentlemen, with due respect, your very humble servants,
"Signed for and in behalf of the committee, "JOHN HAMBRIGHT, Chairman. "To the COMMITTEE OF SAFETY, Philadelphia."
On August 13, 1776, a new Committee of Safety was chosen to serve for six months, the members for Buffalo, Penn's and White Deer townships-with which we have particularly to do-being as follows :
Buffalo township .- Martin Treaster, William Speedy, Philip Coal.
Penn's township .- Simeon Woodrow, Adam Bol- inger, Paul Gemberling.
White Deer township .- James McClanachan, Robert Fruit, William Gray.
The committee elected Robert Fruit as chair- man, and John Boyd clerk.
Upon the same date as the foregoing, action was taken to have Colonel William Plunket forward from the house of Laughlin McCartney " the dividend of ammunition belonging to the six companies of his battalion that lie above Muncy," and also to secure and have such " a quantity of powder and lead at Mr. John Harris' ferry,' which belonged to the Associators of this county (Northumberland).
The committee found, September 12, 1776, that of the quantities of powder and lead on hand, the quota of each associator was half a pound of the former and a pound of the lat- ter, which not being deemed sufficient, " and whereas the greater part of Colonel Plunket's men are situated on the frontier and the most exposed parts of the county," they demanded a further quantity of eighty-nine pounds of pow- der and one hundred and seventy-eight pounds of lead, to be divided among the several captains of the battalion, " with the strictest charge that the same be preserved for the purposes of defense of this county." A similar division of ammunition was made among the men of Colonel Potter's battalion.
One of the hardships of this period, though at first thought a seemingly small thing, was the scarcity of salt. But little could be pro- cured, and that only at great cost,-often aug- mented by speculators who took advantage of the necessities of the people.
At a meeting of the committee on September 10, 1776, complaint being made against Mr. Aaron Levy and John Bullion, setting forth that they had a quantity of salt on hand, which they refused to sell for cash, it was " Resolved, That the aforesaid salt that is in the hands of the aforesaid Levy and Bullion, (as they have refused the same for sale) be put into the hands of Mr. William Sayers, and by him sold at the rate of fifteen shillings per bushel, and not to sell unto any family above half a bushel for the time that the said salt is selling, and that the said Sayers shall keep a particular account of every bushel that he sells, and when sold, he shall return the money aris- ing from said salt to this committee, first de- ducting one shilling out of the pound for his trouble of selling said salt, and six shillings and four pence for porterage."
Two days later the committee being in- formed by one of the members of the conven- tion " that there is a dividend of salt in Phila- delphia, which is allotted for this county, by a late resolve of convention, wherefore, this com- mittee thought proper to appoint two suitable persons to go to Philadelphia and take charge of said salt, and [to] be by them conveyed to
' Harrisburg.
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this county and delivered to the care of this committee ; Therefore, William Maclay and Mordecai Mckinney were unanimously ap- pointed by this committee for the purpose above mentioned : Resolved, That the salt belonging to this county is to be sold at fifteen shillings per bushel."
The remainder of the record for the year 1776 consists chiefly of an account of the ex- amination of certain charges of treasonable de- sign and utterances brought by Captain John Brady against Robert Robb. The trial was continued in 1777, and finally Robb was es- corted to the Council of Safety at Philadelphia, to whom his case was referred.
A new committee for Northumberland County was elected in February, 1777, of which the members in Penn's, White Deer and Buffalo townships were as follows :
Penn's township. - Andrew Moore, David Miller, Jacob Hosterman.
White Deer township .- William Blyth, James Mc- Cormick, William Reed.
Buffalo township .- John Aurand, Thomas Suther- land, George Overmire.
Thomas Jordan was chosen chairman.
It appears that Captain Benjamin Weiser was out on a tour of duty with a company of Northumberland County troops in 1776-77, and was in the German Regiment. On Janu- ary 30th, he was at Philadelphia. About that time he wrote to the County Committee of Safety, complaining that a number of his men had deserted, and craving their assistance to- ward their return.
Following is the muster-roll of Captain Ben- jamin Weiser's company, at Philadelphia, Jan- uary 30, 1777 :
Captain : B. Weiser ; [after the war resided at Se- linsgrove, Snyder County. ]
First Lieutenant: Christopher Snyder.
Second Lieutenant: Adam Shaffer.
Third Lieutenant : Joseph Van Gundy. First Sergeant: Matthew Hain.
Second Sergeant : George Markle. First Corporal : Philip Moyer. Second Corporal : Frederick Eisenhauer, enlisted in the service of the United States.
Privates : George Brosius; Nicholas Brosius ; John
Faust; Christian Furst, sick at present, (dis- charged at Reading by Doctor Potts) ; Conrad
Furst ; Henry Groninger; John Hauser; John Heim; John Herter; George Hierrold; Peter Hosterman ; Henry Kaufman ; Adam Kerstetter; Martin Kerstetter; Leonard Kerstetter; Thomas Kitch; Adam Leffler; John Livengood; John Meiser; George Moyer; Philip Neitz; Michael Newman ; George Peifer; Tobias Pickel; Andrew Reitz ; Christian Shafer ; Nicholas Shafer ; Jacob Snider ; Zacharias Spengle; John Stroub; George Troutner (enlisted in the United States service) ; Peter Weis ; Mathias Witmer.
INCREASED VIGILANCE ON THE FRONTIER -MAJOR KELLY, THE BRADYS AND BOONE -FORTS BUILT .-- It has been heretofore noted that in the fall of 1777 -- after the battle of the Brandywine, which occurred September 11th- Captain John Brady, Captain Hawkins Boone and Lieutenants John and Samuel Dougherty were ordered by Washington back to the fron- tier to assist the inhabitants in resisting the in- cursions of the savages through the mountain passes. Colonel (or Major) John Kelley,' the
1 As Colonel (or Major) John Kelley is so frequently mentioned in this chapter, and was so conspicuous a charac- ter in the local as well as the Continental campaigns, we give a brief sketch of his career. He was born in Lancaster County in February, 1714. After the purchase from the Indians of 1768, and before the opening of the land-office in 1769, he came to Buffalo Valley, then a part of Berks County. Here he suffered all the hardships and privations which are inseparable upon the first settlement of a new country. He was tall, about six feet two inches in height, vigorous and muscular, with his body so inured to labor as to be almost insensible to fatigue, and a mind so accus- tomed to dangers that dangers ceased to alarm. He was a captain, and a major at twenty-seven years of age, and when his country called on her sons he was ready. In the fall of 1776 he volunteered to assist in the protection of New Jersey. He was present at Trenton when the Hessians surrendered, and assisted in that most masterly movement on Princeton, by which the chain of communications of the enemy was broken, all their plans deranged, and their army compelled to return to New York and its neighbor- hood, and to leave New Jersey free to avenge her wrongs. Ilis intrepidity in destroying the bridge at Princeton, which has been narrated in the text (see ante), preserved the army from defeat upon the momentous 3d of January, 1777. When the Indians became too strong for the deci- mated frontier population he was one of the first to return to its defense. He had the principal command of the scouting-parties in wh is now Union County and the region above and eastward and was often out in person. After the war he was for many years a magistrate in Union County. Kelly township, in which was his home, was nuined after him. He died February 18, 1832, aged eighty-eight years, and was buried in the Presbyterian burial-ground,
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hero of Princeton, as heretofore noted, had been ordered home for a similar reason, and during the summer had command on the frontier. He had as a guide a friendly Indian called Job Chilloway. Major Moses Van Campen, the famous Indian fighter, says, in his narrative, that he served a three months' tour with him at this time, and that they were located at the Big I-land, near Lock Haven.
As the continuance of Indian forays became more certain, it was deemed necessary to build forts or stockades at intervals along the frontier, to serve as places of refuge for the inhabitants. Fort Freeland, on Warriors' Run, had been built in 1773, and Fort Augusta, at Sunbury, prior to that time. It was commanded during the Revolution by Colonel Samuel Hunter.1 A
in Lewisburgh, where a monument to his memory was patriotically reared and dedicated with impressive cere- monies April 8, 1835, on which occasion a memorial ad- dress was delivered by James Merrill, Esq.
Colonel Kelly's children were : James, who moved to Penn's Valley and died there (he was the father of llon. James K. Kelly, United States Senator. of Portland. Oregon ) ; John, who also moved to Penn's Valley ; William, who married a daughter of Archibald Allison, of Centre County, and died Jannary 27, 1830; Andrew, a bachelor, who was born 1783, and died on the old place September 21, 1867, aged eighty-four ; Samuel Kelly, of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania; Elizabeth, married to Simeon Howe; Maria, married to John Campbell, of Lewisburgh ; Robert, who died April 12, 1866, aged seventy-seven ; Joseph, died March 2, 1865, aged sixty-six ; David H. Kelly, Esq., deceased, late county commissioner of Union County.
1 Colonel Samuel Hunter, who commanded at Fort Augusta, who is also frequently mentioned in this chapter, performed very valuable services on the frontier. He died at the close of the struggle in which he had taken a promi- nent part. April 10, 1784, aged fifty-two years. His grave is near the site of Fort Augusta. His wife's name was Susanna Scott, sister of Abraham Scott, formerly member from Lancaster. Colonel Hunter was from the county of Donegal, Ireland, and when he died had a mother and two brothers still living there. He left two daughters, Mary and Nancy; minors. 1. Mary, married Samuel Scott, who died before her, leaving children, -Samuel HI. Scott, Sarah, Susanna. Samuel Scott lived on what is now the Cake farm, and was drowned. He was a son of Abraham Scott, who lived on the island which he had purchased of Mungo Reed, the original owner. Abraham Scott died there in August, 1798, leaving a widow, Sarah, and chil- dren, -Samuel (above), Mary ( wife of General William Wil- son, afterwards of Chillisquaque Mills), Susanna and Sarah. Susanna married - Rose. Their daughter, Isabella, is the widow of Hon. Robert C. Grier, late justice of
small stockade was constructed, probably in 1777-78, one mile above Milton and called Fort Schwartz. Boone's Fort, at the mouth of' Muddy Run, was commanded by Captain Boone. John Brady removed from opposite the site of Lewisburgh, settled on the Muncy Manor, and erected a small fortification, for the protection of his family and neighbors, on the south side of Muncy Creek, near where the town now stands. It was called Fort Brady and has often been confounded with Fort Muncy, which stood on the Muncy farm, above the town. A small inclosure was erected near the mouth of Lycoming Creek, where Jaysburg now is, and called, after a settler of the region, Fort Huff.
A fort which was a very important place during the troubled times prior to the " great runaway " was built in the summer of 1776 by Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Antes, on the high ground at the mouth of Nippenose Creek, above Jersey Shore. It was a picketed inclos- ure and defended by a regular garrison of militia.
Horn's Fort was on the south side of the West Branch, on what is now known as Cris- pin's Run. Reed's, at Lock Haven, a place of considerable importance during the early period of the war, was commanded by Colonel Cookson Long.
The Upper Fort, built in 1777 in Penn's Valley, was merely the fortified log-house of Colonel (afterwards General) James Potter, who was one of the principal officers on the frontier, and for a considerable period was colonel of the UpperBattalion. His correspondence is frequent- ly quoted in this chapter, and there are numerous allusions to him. As has been shown, he was in command of a battalion of Northumberland County militia at Trenton and Princeton, On April 5, 1777, he was appointed third brigadier- general of the militia of the State, and after- wards commanded his brigade at the Brandy- wine and battle of Germantown with great ability. He obtained leave of absence in Jan-
the United States Supreme Court. 2. Nancy, married her cousin, Alexander Hunter, who died in June, 1810, leaving her also a widow, and children, -Mary, Elizabeth, Nancy and Samuel.
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uary, 1778, on account of his wife's illness, and during that and the following year, until mid- summer, was in Penn's Valley assisting in re- pelling the inroads of the savages. In July, 1779, he retired with the rest of the inhabitants and took his family to Middle Creek, in Snyder County. In 1780 he became a member of the State Council ; November 14, 1781, vice-presi- dent of the State; May 23, 1782, a major- general, and in 1784 a member of the Council of Censors. Meanwhile he had resumed resi- dence on his farm in what is now Union County, a short distance above New Columbia, where he had settted in 1772, and remained until his removal to Penn's Valley, in 1774. He ultimately returned to Penn's Valley from Union County, where he received injuries while raising a barn, in the fall of 1784, from which he died in the same year. He was a native of Tyrone, Ireland, born in 1729, and obtained his first experience as a soldier before he was seven- teen years old in the Indian War of 1756-61. Such, in brief, was the life of one of the promi- nent characters of this region during the terri- ble period of the Revolutionary War and of Indian incursion.'
1 There are some other details worthy of preservation concerning General Potter. He was a son of John Potter, the first sheriff of Cumberland County, and in January, 1758, was a lieutenant with William Blythe, in Colonel John Armstrong's battalion. He married a Miss Cathcart, sister of Mrs. George Latimer, of Philadelphia, who died, leaving a son and daughter. He then married Mrs. Cham- bers, sister of Captain William Patterson. He resided principally on the Ard farm, in White Deer township, just above New Columbia, though, no doubt, he changed his residence on account of the Indian troubles One. year, 1781, he resided in the Middle Creek settlement, now Snyder County, as the assessments show, and family tradition has it, his eldest son, John Potter, died there. In 1786, Pickering visited him at the Ard farm, and in 1787, Mrs. Gregg, his daughter, was married there.
His eldest daughter married Captain James Poe. Mary married George Riddles, who died March 14, 1796, and is buried at Northumberland, in the Presbyterian church- yard. Their daughter, Mary A., married W. H. Patter- son ; Eliza, Dr. Joseph B. Ard, whose heirs still own the old place in White Deer ; Martha married Mr. Gregg.
General Potter's son James married Mary Brown, daughter of Judge Brown, of Mifflin County. Of their children : 1, General James Potter (third) married Maria, daughter of General William Wilson, of Chillisquaque; 2, William Potter, Esq., fate of Bellefonte, attorney-at-law ; 3, Mary P, married Doctor W. I. Wilson, of Potter's
The Indians repeatedly came stealthily down the West Branch in 1777, and committed murders of men, women and children where- ever they could find them exposed. One Sunday morning in June they killed two men -Miller and Cady-who had gone out from Antes' Fort to milk the cows, and though pur- sued, were not apprehended or made to suffer for their crimes. A similar affair occurred at Horn's Fort, and in the fall of 1777 an attack was made on the families of Brown and Benja- min, on the Loyal Sock Creek, and committed every fiendish atrocity that the tomahawk, scalping-knife and torch could enable them to.
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