USA > Pennsylvania > Mifflin County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 52
USA > Pennsylvania > Perry County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 52
USA > Pennsylvania > Union County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 52
USA > Pennsylvania > Juniata County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 52
USA > Pennsylvania > Snyder County > History of that part of the Susquehanna and Juniata valleys, embraced in the counties of Mifflin, Juniata, Perry, Union and Snyder, in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. V. 1, Pt. 1 > Part 52
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In the battle of Second Bull Run the regi- ment was engaged on the 29th and 30th of August, losing seventeen killed and wounded. It then moved to the Washington fortifications, and later in the season went into winter-quar- ters at Stafford Court-House. It did not reach Fredericksburg in time to take part in the battle of December 13, 1862, but was in the thickest of the fight at Chancellorsville, losing sixty-one killed, wounded and missing. At Gettysburg it arrived on the Ist of July, and was almost immediately in the conflict. " Of the fourteen officers and one hundred and twenty men who advanced to the ground of the first day's battle, one officer and six men were killed, four officers and forty men wounded, and fifty- two missing, -- a total of one hundred and twelve, leaving but four officers and eighteen men to
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bear and defend the flag.1 Upon its arrival in the new position it was posted in front of the batteries in the Cemetery. Here it was joined by the men who had been sent on pieket on the previous night, and to this position it clung through the terrible storm of battle of the two succeeding days, losing one officer and eight men killed and one officer and fifteen men wounded,-a total loss, in the entire battle, of one hundred and thirty-six."
After the battle of Gettysburg the regiment crossed the river into Virginia, but early in August it was sent to South Carolina, where it remained on duty in various places among the i-lands until August, 1864. when it was ordered back to the Washington defenses, and not long afterwards moved to Grafton, W. V., where a considerable number of recruits and drafted men joined the regiment, in place of the numbers who had been mustered out at the ex- piration of their terms of service. In March, 1865, seven new companies were assigned to the Seventy-fourth, and from that time the regiment was posted at various places, including Green Spring, Beverly, Clarksburg and Parkersburg; but the time of fighting was over, and it per- formed only picket and railroad guard duty for nearly four months of the last part of its ser- vice. On the 29th of August it was mustered out at Clarksburg and returned thence to Pitts- burgh, where it was disbanded and ceased to exist as an organization.
COMPANY D, SNYDER AND UNION COUN- TIES, -- Among those who were enlisted into the Seventy-fourth in 1865 were a considerable number of Union and Snyder County men in Companies C and E, while those who enlisted at the same time, forming Company D, were all recruited in Union and Snyder. A roll of that company is here given, viz. :
Lewis Miller, captain, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John II. Lewis, first lieutenant, mustered in March 1, 1865, one year ; promoted to adjutant May 21,
Aaron K. Gift, first. lieutenant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted from second to first
lieutenant July 5, 1865; mustered out with com- pany August 29, 1865.
Alexander G. Rohbach, second lieutenant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted from first sergeant to first lieutenant July 5, 1865; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
I. R. Hottenstein, first sergeant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted from sergeant to first sergeant July 5, 1865; mustered out with com- pany August 29, 1865.
James D. Rake, sergeant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Abraham Wagner, sergeant, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Peter E. Bowen, sergeant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; promoted from corporal to ser- geant July 5, 1865 ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John F. Long, sergeant, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted from corporal to sergeant July 5, 1865; mustered out with company Au- gust 29, 1865.
Benjamin F. Smith, corporal, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company Au- gust 29, 1865.
Ed. L. Ballington, corporal, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company Au- gust 29, 1865.
James H. Maubeck, corporal, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company Au- gust 29, 1865.
Philip Smith, corporal, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; promoted to corporal April 2, 1865; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
George E. Seebold, corporal, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted to corporal July 5, 1865; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
R. C. Bowersox, corporal, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; promoted to corporal July 5, 1865; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Samuel Smith, corporal, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; promoted to corporal July 5, 1865; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Ner Middleswarth, corporal, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; discharged by General Order June 28, 1865.
Aaron 1. Fees, corporal, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; died at Cumberland, Md., April 2, 1865.
Abraham Sheary, musician, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Hiram Schwenck, musician, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865,
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James Buffington, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John K. Bingaman, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John Bolender, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Aaron Bickel, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Jacob Bickel, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year.
Daniel W. Crouse, private, mustered in February 25, 1865, one year; promoted to hospital steward July 5, 1865.
George Diehl, private, mustered in February 25, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Robert Eisenhower, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John Ernest, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
William Englehart, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
William Eliert, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John Ellis, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Elward Freed, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John F. Good, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Isaac Gill, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
William Gemberling, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Ephraim Howell, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Aaron Howell, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Ellis C. Hartman, private, mustered in March 4, 1865. one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Daniel Heiser, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
A. L. Hackenberg, private, mustered in March +, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Jackson Howell, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Aaron Helfrick, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
David Hixson, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; discharged by General Order June 3, 1865.
John Howell, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; discharged by General Order July 9, 1865.
Ephraim Hummel, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year.
James A. Jarrett, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Hiram P. Jarrett, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
James F. Keller, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
George F. Keller, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John M. Kreider, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Franklin Kreider, private, mustered in March +, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Henry Knepp, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Emanuel Katherman, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company Au- gust 29, 1865.
Benjamin Long, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; discharged by G. O. July 9, 1865.
D. W. Laudenslager, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
E. Laudenslager, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; discharged by G. O. July 9, 1865. Solomon Long, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year.
Samuel Miller, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29. 1865.
Philip Manbeck, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Leonard J. Manbeck, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
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Middleswarth, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John Musselman, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
William J. Moyer, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year.
Benjamin MeClellan, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John'C. MeFall, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; discharged by General Order August 14, 1865.
Levi Pick, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Aaron Renninger, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
John B. Romig, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Jacob Stuck, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Levi Spiglemyer, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Philip Spade, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Levi Swanger, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Robert Spade, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1855.
George Spangler, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29. 1865.
Jacob K. Smith, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Joseph Shannon, private; mustered in March 9, 1865, one year ; mustered out. with company August 29, 1865.
Frederick Seechrist, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Joseph Springer, private, mustered in March 4, 1864, one year; discharged by General Order June 3, 1865.
Hiram P. Smith, private, mustered in March 1, 1865, one year ; discharged by General Order July 9, 1865.
Isaac Swanger, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year.
Henry M. Uish, private, mustered in March 2, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Jacob Witzel, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year ; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Henry Wagner, private, mustered in March 9, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
James Williams, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year.
Reuben Zechman, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; mustered out with company August 29, 1865.
Henry Zechman, private, mustered in March 4, 1865, one year; discharged by General Order August 1, 1865.
SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT.
The Seventy-seventh Regiment contained no company made up entirely of men recruited within the territory to which this history espe- cially refers, but it had in it a large detachment of Juniata County men (chiefly in Company C) and a number of men from Perry County in the regimental band, while a considerable number of soldiers recruited in these five counties were found serving in the several companies, particu- larly in Companies A, D, F and G.
The Seventy-seventh was rendezvoused at Camp Wilkins, near Pittsburgh, where it was organized, under command of Colonel Freder- ick S. Stumbaugh, in October, 1861. On the 18th of that month it was embarked on trans- port steamers, and proceeded down the Ohio to Louisville, Ky., in company with the Seventy- eighth and Seventy-ninth Regiments of the Pennsylvania line, these three regiments form- ing a brigade, commanded by Brigadier-General James S. Negley, of Pittsburgh. From Louis- ville the brigade marched south along the line of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, and remained encamped for a considerable time at a camp called " Camp Negley," in honor of the brigade commander. While here the Seventy- seventh was detached from the brigade and as- signed to the Fifth Brigade of the division commanded by General Alexander MeD. Me- Cook, the other regiments of the brigade (com- manded by Brigadier General Thomas J. Wood) being the Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Indiana and the Thirty -fourth Ilinois, This
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brigade, with the army of General Buell, marched southward into Tennessee, and arrived at Nashville on the 2d of March, 1862. Soon afterwards the Seventy-seventh, with the other forces of General Buell, continued the south- ward march, moving towards a point on the Tennessee River, where the forces of General Grant and the Confederate army under General Albert Sidney Johnston were approaching each other, and where, on Sunday, the 6th of April, they joined in the great battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburgh Landing. On the evening of the 5th (the same time when the Army of the Po- tomac, under General MeClellan, arrived in front of Yorktown) the advance of General Buell's corps reached Savannah (nine miles below Pittsburgh Landing, on the Tennessee), and bivouacked there for the night. On the fol- lowing morning Buell heard the roar of the distant battle, and hurried his troops forward with all possible speed. The division of Gen- eral William Nelson led the advance, and pushed on without halt until late in the after- noon, when it reached the right bank of the Tennessee, opposite the place where General Grant's hard-pressed battalions were engaged in the desperate fight, contesting every inch of ground, yet slowing retiring towards the river. When the succoring division came up opposite the scene of conflict, its brave yet rough old commander sent an aide across to report to General Grant, with this message: "Tell him," said he, " that General Nelson is here with ten thousand fighting men and no d-d cowards!" this last remark being caused by the sight of a large number of fugitives from the fight skulk- ing behind the bluff bank of the river. "Tell General Nelson," said General Grant to the aide, " that our men seem to be doing pretty well ; but we shall be glad to see him over here." The division was promptly crossed and placed in position, enabling the Union forces to hold their ground firmly against the last des- perate assaults of the Confederates. During the night the gunboats in the river kept up an incessant canonade, throwing their huge shells over the heads of the men of Grant's army and into the Confederate lines beyond. In the morn- ing of the 7th the battle was renewed, and the Con-
federate forces were driven back at all points, though they held their ground most stubbornly and fought for hours with the greatest despera- tion. Other troops of Buell's command had arrived in the mean time, and among them the brigade in which was the Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania, which came up by steamboat from Savannah. At about nine o'clock in the morning it marched upon the field, and was immediately under fire. For six hours after its arrival the battle raged with the greatest fury. The regiment repelled a desperate as- sault of cavalry, and was in the front line in the final charge which drove the enemy from the field and ended the conflict.
For about a week after the battle the regi- ment remained on the field near Pittsburgh Landing, then moved several miles to a new camp. About four weeks later it moved with the army towards the enemy's strong position at Corinth, Miss., in the expectation of a gen- eral attack upon the works at that place ; but they were occupied without resistance, the Con- federates having evacuated. Upon the fall of Corinth, General Buell's army marched back to Nashville; the Seventy seventh, with its brig- ade, passing the entire summer on the route, which was from Corinth up the valley of the Tennessee to Bridgeport, Ala., thence north- ward, by way of Stevenson, Cowan, Decherd, Manchester and Murfreesborough, to the capi- tal. ITere it had little rest, being ordered northward on the rapid march with Buell's forces to intercept the Confederate General Bragg, who was marching on Louisville, Ky. Buell's forces arrived on the 26th of Septem- ber, and on the following day the Seventy- seventh encamped in the suburbs of the city.
On the arrival of General Buell's army at Louisville, General Bragg faced his forces southward, and marched back towards Tennes- see. Buell followed with his army, leaving Louisville on the 1st of October. The Sev- enty-seventh, moving with the left wing, passed through Stanford and Nicholsville, Ky., skir- mishing with the enemy at Claysville, Law- renceburg and other places, but not being pres- ent at the general engagement near Perryville, October 8th. It reached Nashville, Tenn., in
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the last part of October, and remained there and in that vicinity for two months, taking part in a minor engagement at Lavergne on the 27th of November. On the 26th of De- cember it moved with the army towards Mur- freesborough, near which town the great battle of Stone River was fought on the 31st of De- cember and 1st and 2d of January. The Sey- enty-seventh was on the left of the division of General R. W. Johnson, which occupied the extreme right of the army, the position of the regiment being partly in a cedar thicket and partly in a cotton-field, with the enemy near and directly in front. In this position it lay during the night of Tuesday, December 30th. The battle was opened by Harder's (left) corps of the Confederate army, which made a furious assault soon after daylight on the 31st, while the battery horses of Johnson's division were being taken to water. In a few minutes twen- ty-seven guns out of Johnson's five batteries were in the hands of the Confederates, and the three divisions of Johnson, Davis and Sheridan (comprising MeCook's army corps) were in re- treat in some disorder across the cotton-field towards the shelter of a cedar wood in the rear. The Seventy-seventh, with some other troops, rallied, made a counter-charge and recaptured the guns of Edgerton's battery, which, how- ever, were soon after again taken by the en- emy, and the regiment, compelled to relinquish its temporary advantage, was finally driven across the field, and through the woods to the vicinity of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, where the troops were rallied and a new line established by the commanding gen- eral, Rosecrans. This line, strengthened by slight breast-works, was held through the day against repeated attacks by the enemy. Several attacks were also made on Thursday, January Ist, and the artillery fire was incessant during that day ; but no very decided advantage was gained on either side. The forenoon of Friday passed in comparative quiet; but about the middle of the afternoon the Confederates at- tacked with great fury on the left of Rosecrans' line, gaining an advantage at first, charging across Stone River, and causing the Union troops to recoil at that point ; but they rallied j and down the valley by the same route over
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at once and drove the enemy back across the stream. From that time the conflict raged until after dark, resulting in the complete rout of the Confederates, who retreated through the town of Murfreesborough and along the turn- pike road towards Shelbyville.
Through the entire battle of Stone River the Seventy-seventh behaved with great gallantry and steadiness, for which it was highly com- plimented by General Rosecrans. Soon after the battle it encamped near Murfreesborough, where it remained until the general advance of the Army of the Cumberland, June 24, 1863. In the advance a Confederate division (Cle- burne's) was found in a strong position at Lib- erty Gap, where a heavy fight resulted on the 24th and 25th, ending in the retreat of the enemy. The Seventy-seventh was one of the charging regiments, and sustained severe loss in the engagement.
The enemy retired to a strongly-intrenched line at Tullahoma, but evacuated it on the ap- proach of the Union army, and retreated to Bridgeport, Ala., and thence into Northern Georgia. The Union army followed in pur- suit, the Seventy-seventh with its division ar- riving at Bridgeport, on the Tennessee River, on the 31st of August. Crossing the river, it moved to Trenton, Ga., thence up Lookout Valley to Valley Head, then across the moun- tain to Broomtown Valley, on the road to Rome, Ga .; but before reaching the latter place the progress of the column was arrested by the intelligence that the enemy was menacing the left of General Rosecrans' army, with the evi- dent intention of giving battle to that part of the line (which was separated from the extreme right and more than thirty miles from it) and of making a desperate attempt to re-occupy Chattanooga; and, finally, that Longstreet's corps, having been detached from the Army of Northern Virginia, was already on the south side of the Savannah River, and moving by rail, with all possible speed, to join Bragg's army at Lafayette, Ga. Upon receipt of this intelligence the Seventy-seventh, with its divi- sion and the other commands of the Union army, moved rapidly baek over the mountain
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which the advance had been made, and again crossing the mountain lower down towards the Tennessee, entered the valley known as Me- Lemore's Cove on the 17th of September. After some fighting at that place, the Seventy- seventh, with its division, moved by way of Dug Gap, Pond Spring and Gordon's Mills, and arrived on the field of Chickamauga on Saturday, the 19th of September, and soon af- terwards became hotly engaged in the great battle. which was fought there on that and the following day by the Union army under Gen- eral Rosecrans and the Confederate forces under Bragg, reinforced by Longstreet's corps from Virginia.
Near the close of the first day's fight at Chickamauga the regiment charged, with its brigade (Willich's), and gallantly drove the enemy in its front, but in the exultation of the moment advanced too far, and while in that exposed position, just at dark, was attacked by a heavy body of the enemy (who had been re- inforced at that point). The Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania and Seventy-ninth Illinois, being in the most advanced and exposed position, fought desperately against overwhelming odds ; but after a hand-to-hand struggle in the twi- light gloom they were overpowered, and seventy enlisted men of the Seventy-seventh taken pris- oners, as were also several of the company of- ficers and all the field officers of the regiment, who remained prisoners till May 1, 1864. Many of the privates of the regiment who were captured in this fight died in the prison-pen of Andersonville.
The remnant of the regiment (those who escaped capture in the evening of the 19th) fought in the battle of the second day at Chick- amauga under command of Captain Joseph J. Lawson, of Company C. The battle resulted in defeat to the Union army, and on Saturday night (September 20th) the Seventy-seventh, with the other commands, withdrew from the field of disaster to Rossville, Ga., and from there, on Monday night and the carly morning of Tuesday, retreated to Chattanooga.
After Chickamauga the regiment saw no more of fighting during the year 1863. In October it moved from Chattanooga, crossing
the Tennessee, and marching by the "Bob White road " to Jasper, Tenn., where it arrived on the 26th. Thence, crossing the Tennessee to Shellmound, it moved up the river to White- side's, Ga., where it remained during the win- ter, and where a considerable number of the men re-enlisted as veterans, and the strength of the command was largely increased by recruits from Pennsylvania.
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