USA > Pennsylvania > Erie County > Popular history of Erie county, Pennsylvania > Part 19
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Edinboro,
Misma M d. Coll. Cincinnati, 1882
¡M. C. Cornell,
Edinboro,
Coll. of Phys. and Surg., Baltimore,
1884
*Chas. N. Moore, E. Springf'd, Practice of Medicine since,
1869
*Geo. Ellis,
E. Springf'd, Medical College, Cleveland, Ohio, 1860
R. C. Sloan,
E. Springf'd, Buffalo Medical College. 1869
1888
J. L. Bennett,
East Greene, Practice of Medicine since,
1860
B. A. Skinner,
Elgin, University of Worcester, Cleveland. 1878
¡M. D. Sateriee,
Fairview, University of New York,
1079
W. J. Weeks,
Fairview, Practice of IA~dicine since,
1870
A. F. Temple and Dr. Hart recent arrivals at Fairview.
F. A. Beeha,
Finleys Lake Wooster University, 1877
Johnson Wright,
Franklin tp. Homoeopathic Horp. Coll. of Cleve. 1873
+J. Cyrus Thoms.
Erie,
Homeopathic of Cleveland,
¡S. H. Warren,
Erie,
University of Buffalo,
C. B. Chidester,
Erie,
Coll. of Phys. & Surg., Baltimore, 1881
S. F. Chapin,
S.& S. Home, Yale Medical Coll.,
E. P. Abbott,
Erie,
Jefferson Medical of Philadephia,
ĮWm. F. Nick,
Erie,
Continuous practice since, 1859
J. H. Delaney,
Erie,
Bellevue Hosp. Med. Coll., New York.
A. H. Courtright.
E. Springf,d, Western Reserve Medical College,
184
LERIE COUNTY HISTORY.
M. C. Smith,
Erie,
Coll of Phys. & Surg. Baltimore,
I. N. Taylor,
Edinboro, University of Pennsylvania Phila., 1868
Helen M. Weeks,
Fairview, Homoeopathic Med. Coll., Cleve.
F. M. Temple,
Fairview,
University of Pennsylvania.
A. R. Smith,
Girard, Eclectic Med. Institute, of Cincinnati, 1853
J. M. Ely.
Girard, Western Reserve University, 1884
* Adriel G. Ely,
Girard, Geneva Medical College, N. Y. 1840
*T. J. Kellogg,
Girard, Practice of Medicine since.
1836
E. M. Pratt.
Girard, Western Reserve Med. Coll.,
1879
R. H. Duff,
Girard,
Western Reserve University
*Benj. C. Ely,
Girard, Castleton Medical Institute, Vt. 1850
D. Ripley Sr.,
Greene tp., Practice of Medicine since,
1871
+M. B. Cook,
Harborcreek, Cleveland Medical College,
1877
Chas. G. Miller, Harborcreek, Practice of Medicine since,
D. S. Brown,
Harborcreek, Western Reserve University,
1880
Geo. Wright,
LeBœuf,
Columbia Medical of New York. 1893
1873
F. W. Dunning,
Miles Grove, University of New York,
J. J. Sharp,
Millvillage, University of New York, 1883
Wm. P. Biles,
Millvillage, Eclectic Med. Inst., Cincinnati, 1879
Geo. W. Wilson,
Millvillage, Practice of Medicine since, 1869
Wm. O. Smith,
Millvillage, Bellevue Hosp. Med. College, 1887
W. K. Anderson.
Millvillage,
University of New York,
1889
E. B. Potter,
Mckean, Western Reserve Medical of Pittsburg 1892 Western Res. University Cleve.
1885
J. N. Bowers,
McKean,
North East, University of Buffalo,
B. H. Putman,
North East,
University of Buffalo, N. Y., 1865
1890
A. B. Heard,
North East,
University of Buffalo,
1877
J. C. Douville,
North East,
Practice of Medicine since,
1846
J. O. Jackson,
North East, Homoeopathic Hospital College, 1882
J. R. Hewett,
Springf'd tp., Practice of Medicine since, 1865
LaRue D. Rockwell,
Union,
University of Pennsylvania, 1874
*Jas. F. Read,
Union,
Practice of Medicine since,
1838
A. C. Sherwood,
Union, University of Pennsylvania,
1857
*C. G. Hollister,
Union,
Certified Record from Crawford County.
E. C. Barker,
Union,
Eclectic Med. Coll., Cincinnati,
1884
Wm. J. Humphrey,
Union,
University of Buffalo, 1890
Union,
Homoeopathic Dept. Univers. of Mich., 1893
J. W. Wright,
Wattsburg,
Jefferson Medical of Philadelphia, 1890
Jos. H. Shuey,
Wattsburg,
Western Reserve University,
1876
*G. Thickstun,
Wattsburg,
Bellevue Hosp. Medical College N. Y., 1864
M. V. B. Johnson.
Wattsburg,
Med. Coll. of Ohio at Cincinnati, 1865
T. W. Barton,
Waterford,
Buffalo Medical College, N. Y. 1862
F. L. Clemens,
Waterford,
Jefferson Medical College, of Phila .. 1881
+John W. Brown,
Waterford,
Cleveland Med. Coll. of Cleveland,
1859
H. L. Stern,
Waterford,
Cleveland Medical College, 1892
L. A. Burrows,
Waterford,
Eclectic Medical Institute,
1887
R. M. Powers,
Wellsburg, Western Reserve of Pittsburg, 1890
J. M. Peters.
Wellsburg,
Jefferson Medical Philadelphia, 1889
Mary Stewart,
Wellsburg,
Philadelphia University, 1878
M. M. Henry,
Wellsburg,
Western Reserve University, 1885
M. M. Moore,
Wesleyville, Practice of Medicine since, 1852
C. L. Allen,
Wesleyville, Jefferson Medical of Philadelphia.
1892
Detroit Medical College Michigan, 1865
1872
*J. K. Griffin,
North East,
College of Phys & Surg., Ontario
1892
Nelson Seymour,
North East,
Medical University of Michigan
C. C. Hall,
North East,
A. J. Adams,
North East, University of Maryland, Baltimore,
1873
J. C. Agard,
Union, Practice of Medicine, since
D. D. Loop,
Lockport, Homoeopathic Hosp. Coll. of Cleve .. 1871
C. Wheeler,
+J. G. Leffingwall,
Miles Grove, Michigan University, Ann Arbor,
1871
H. M. Northam,
AN EPITOME OF VALUABLE STATISTICS
AND
GENERAL INFORMATION.
INTRODUCTORY.
With the view of making a valuable epitome of ancient history, we incorporate elght pages of fine print, a former condensation of the author, that required a full month of indus trious research for its production. These sta" tistics and dates will be found convenient for future reference, are given place ahead of the State and County matter proper and will add to the general value of this history.
Much pains has been taken with the re- search and proof reading, not only on thes e statistical pages; but on the entire work,
THE WORLD IN A NUT SHELL.
CIIRONOLOGICAL DATES.
The history of the world up to the time of the del- uge and for many years afterwards is only to be found in the brief narrative given in the sacred writings, although the Chinese claim to have records dating back to a period long before "Adam was born."
THE HEBREWS.
Deluge B. C. 2350; Abraham called 1921; Joseph in Egypt, 1725; Birth of Moses, 1571; Hebrews left Egypt, 1491; death of Moses, 1451; Deborah Judge of Israel, 1385; Gideon slaughtered Midianites 1345; Jeptha, Judge, 1288; Eli, Judge, 1256; Sampson, 1237; Samuel, 1220; Saul King, 1195; David King, 1155; Solomon King, 1115; Temple dedicated 1104; Solo- mon died 1075; division of Israel 1058; Elijah and Elisha prophets, 888; Jerusalem taken by Jehoash 826; Hezekiah aud Isaiah in Judah 726; Jeremiah prophet 641; Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadnezzar, 606; Jerusalem destroyed, 588.
EGYPT.
Little or nothing is known of the history of Egypt prior to the time of Joseph. At that time however, it was one of the most powerf _: nations of the world. The dynasty of the Pharohs, B. C., 1300; Pyramids built by Cheops, 1082; Shishak ruler, 978, Judea conquered and the temple plundered by him 971; Egypt devastated by Nebuchadnezzar, 572; end of the first Egyptian monarchy 525 and for over 200 years it was in obscurity, but revived again by the Ptolemys about three centuries before Christ. Cleo- patra lived B. C. 45 and Egypt was again subdued B. C. 30.
MACEDON
was subdued by Darius, B. C. 508; Philip II crowned
359; Alexander in Macedon 336; invaded Persia 334: battle of Arabela 331; Alexander died at Babylon of strong drink, aged 32, B. C. 324.
GREECE.
By valor and refinement, Greece became the next nation in importance. Troy was taken B. C. 1184. Ionians settled in Asia 1043; Homer the poet, wrote about 888; first Olymphian period from which the Greeks reckon time, 776; Code of Draco 624; Solon, Athenian law-giver 594; Socrates 429; war with Macedon 338; Republic reestablished 297; Corinth taken 146.
ROME,
founded by Romulus B. C. 753; Tarquin the elder, 616; Tarquin the proud, 534; Brutus 510; Cincinnatus dic- tator 456; great famine 440; invaded by the Gauls 391; first Punic war 265; second Punic war 218; third war 149; Carthage destroyed 146; Cicero 63; Cæsar in- vades Britian 55; dictator 45; Cæsar assassinated 44; Augustus emperor, 30. CHRISTIAN ERA .- The bloody Nero A. D., 54; Jerusalem destroyed by Titus 70 rebuilt 137; Persian war 231; persecution of Christians 236; Constantine emperor 323; Council at Nice, when the books of the New Testament were voted in, 325; Romans driven from Spain 409; with- drew from Britian 419; battle of Chalons 451; Odo- acer king of Heruli; puts an end to the Roman empire.
MEDES & PERSIANS.
Darius, king B. C. 521; second Temple dedicated 515; Darius invades Greece 494; Artaxerxes I 464; Esther queen 456; Nehemiah rebuilds Jerusalem 455; conquered and claimed by the Macedons 435.
EASTERN EMPIRE, ETC.
A. D. 447, Attilla king of Huns exacts tribute from Theodosius II; ravaged by Persians 502; Justi- nian code 529; Mohamed preaching 612; Persians take Syria 614; the Hegira 622; Saracens besiege Constan- tinople 673-9; their second siege of Constantinople 718; Michael II, 820; Jolin Zimisces 969; Turks take Jerusalem 1065; Crusaders take Antioch 1098, and Jerusalem 1099, and Acre 1104; Venice in her glory 1125; Latin emporers 1204; Empire recovered by Greeks 1261; Turkish Empire, Ossman I, 1299; Sup- pression of Knights Templars 1311; general pes- tilence 1348; Empire excepting Constantinople taken by the Turks 1391: Union of Denmark, Sweeden and Norway 1397; invention of printing 1440; Constanti- nople captured by Turks and end of Empire 14533; Ferdinand and Isabella in Spain 1474; Columbus discovered America 1492.
FRANCE.
Clovis makes Paris his capital A. D. 507; Clovis Il king of France 656; Cadwallader last king of Britons 678; Charles Martel duke of France 714; battle ol
186
ERIE COUNTY HISTORY.
Tours 732; Danes in England 787; Charlemagne em- porer of the west 800; Charles the Bald in France 840; Rollo the Norman 912; Hugh Capet 987; Henry I 1031; Philip I 1060; first crusade 1096; war with Eng- land 1 098; Louis the Fat 1108; Louis VII 1137; Philip II 1180; Louis IX (St. Louis) 1226; Louis X 1314; House of Valois 1328; Charles V 1364; Joan of Arc enters Orleans 1428; France ridden of English 1451; French take Milan 1491; Hugenot war 1560; massa- cre of St. Bartholomew 1572; House of Bourbon 1589; Cardinal Richelien 1624; invasion of Holland 1672; Louis XV 1715; France aids, America 1778; revolu- tion 1790; republic 1792; Napoleon consul 1799; Em- porer 1804; campaign in Russia 1812; fall of Na- poleon 1815; conquest of Algiers 1830; Lonis Napol- eon president, 1848; Napoleon III emperor 1852; French in Mexico 1863; war with Prussia 1870; Re- public; 1871 Thiers president, Jules Grevy president 1879; occupation of Anam and trouble with China 1883.
ITALY AND COTEMPORARY.
Lombards take Italy A. D. 596; defeat Constans II 662; and conquered by Charlemagne 774; the Cru- sades 1090 to 1,300; wars of Charles V in Italy 1527; capture of Rome 1527; order of Jesuits founded 1535; calendar remodeled by pope Gregory XII 1582; Peter Great in Russia 1689; Frederick II in Prussia 1740; French in Spain 1808; Moscow burned 1812; Greece independent 1827; siege of Sebastopol 1854; Victor Emanuel King of Italy 1861; revolution in Spain 1868; Russia-Turkish war 1877; Humbert King of Italy1879; assassination of Alexander II of Rus- sia 1881; Alexander III crowned 1883.
GERMANY.
House of France 814; Henry I defeats the danes 934; war with the Saracens 1073; Frederick I invades Italy 1154; destroys Milan 1162; House of Hapsburg 1273; revolt of Swiss and Wm. Tell 1307; Ilouse of Luxemberg 1349; John Huss burned by Sigismond 1415; House of Austria 1438; Maximilian I 1493; ref- ormation by Luther 1517; Maximaliar. II 1564; bat- tle of Prague 1620; Leopold I 1659; House of Lor- raine 1745.
PRUSSIA.
Takes Hanover 1801; war with France 1813; Ger- man Confederation 1815; war with Denmark 1864, and Austria 1866, invasion of France 1870, William made emperor 1871 and died 1888, succeded by Fred- erick, March 13 1888.
AUSTRIA.
An empire 1800, war with France 1813, with Hun- gary 1848, with France and Italy 1859, withdrawal from the confederation 1870, international exhibi- tion at Vienna 1873, agreement with Germany on Eastern question 1880.
ENGLAND.
Anglo Saxon Kings 825, Egbert 828, Alfred the great 871, ravages of Scotland 933, Danish Kings 1016, Saxons restored 1041, English language origin- ates from the Saxon, Danish, British, Welsh, Nor- man, Latin, French and Greek A. D. 1000 to 1500, Norman Dynasty 1066, conquest of Ireland 1171, con- quest of Wales 1282, battle of Bannockburn 1314, House of Lancaster 1399, war with France 1413, Ilouse of York 1461, House of Tudor 1485, battle of Flodden 1513, Ann Boleyn beheaded 1536 and Mary of Scotts 1587, House of Stuart 1603, Oliver Cromwell 1649, Stuarts restored 1660, great London fire 1666, battle of the Boyne 1690 House of Hanover 1714, war with Spain 1739, with France 1756, war with colonies 1775, Union with Ireland 1801, war with U. S. 1812, battle of Waterloo 1815, Victoria crowned queen 1837, Crimean war 1854, Atlantic cable laid 1866, Fenian trouble 1867, Zulu war 1879, lamine in Ireland 1880, war with Egypt 1882, Gladstone's bill "Home Rule" for relief of Ireland, introduced in 1887, and amended from time to time has oc- cupied a large attention of Parliament. It failed to receive the sanction of Queen Victor- ia, but it is believed that it will yetbecome a law. Gladstone permanently resigned in 1894.
AMERICA, OUR HOME.
Discovered by Norsemen A D 980, Iceland settled 986, Lief visited Newfoundland and Massachusetts 1001, discovered by Columbus 1492, Florida entered hy Ponce de Leon 1512, Balboa discoveres the Pacific 1513, Cortez in Mexico 1519, Pizarro in Peru 1532, DeSoto in Florida and Louisiana 1541, St. Augustine founded 1565 Jamestown, Va., 1607, Quebec 1608, New York 1614, Plymouth Rock 1620, Sweedes in Delaware 1627, Maryland settled 1634. Connecticut 1635, New Jersey and North Corolina 1664, South Carolina 1670, Pennsylvania 1682, Georgia by Ogle- thorpe 1733, New Hampshire 1741, Quebec taken 1759, Canada ceeded to England by the French '61, Revolutionary war '75 Declaration of Indepen- dence July 4th 1776; surrender of Cornwallis '81, treaty of peace'83, constitution adopted '87, Wash- ington made president, '89, Louisiana ceeded to U.S. 1803, war with England 1812, Florida ceeded '20, Buenos Ayres independent '16, Mexico '21, Texas '36, anuexed '45, war with Mexico '46, civil war '61, Maximilian emperor '64, U. S. buys Alaska '67, war in Cuba '71, Chili-Peru war '81, Mexico building railroad '82.
ADDITION OF STATES.
Vermont admitted 1791, Kentucky 1792, Tennessee 1796, Ohio 1802, Louisiana admitted '12, Indiana ad- mitted '16, Mississippi '17 Illinois '18, Alabama '19, Maine '20, Missouri '21, Arkansas '36, Michigan '37, Texas annexed '45, Florida admitted '45, lowa '46, New Mexico and California purchased '48, Wiscon- sin admitted '48, California '50, Minnesota '58, Ore- gon '59, Kansas '61, West Virginia '63, Nevada '64, Nebraska '67, Southern States re-admitted '68, Colo- rado '76. With the exception of the years 1821 to '36 the United States has never before in her history of a century been so long without admitting a new State. North and South Dakota, Wyoming and Washington were admitted in 1889. Idaho and Montana in 1890.
INTERNAL AND FOREIGN.
Wayne's victory at Manmee 1794, Jay's treaty '95, with France '97, Government removed from Phila- delphia to Washington, D. C., '99, trial of Aaron Burr for Conspiracy 1807, Perry's vietory Sept. 10, '13, Washington burned '14, battle of New Orleans '15, Missouri compromise '20, Lafayette's visit '24, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, 2d and third presidents died July 4 '26, protective tariff bill passed '28, treaty with Turkey '30, Blackhawk war '32, Seminole war '35, financial crisis '37, veto of bank bill '41, gold in California '48, Taylor died July 9th, '50, Kansas trouble '55, treaty with Japan '54, Mormon insurrection, Dred-Scot decision '57, John Brown's insurrection '59, South Carolina seceded Dec. 20'60, Miss., Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Tex. Va., Ark., Tenn. and North Carolina follow and Jefferson Da- vis elected president of the Southern Confederacy '61, bombardment of Fort Sumter and battle of Bull Run '61, Antietum, Ft. Donaldson, Pea Ridge, Shi- loh, 2d Bull Run, Corinth, Fredericksburg, '62, Emancipation Proclamation Jan. 1, '63, battles of Chancellorville, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, '63, Wilder- ness, Petersburg and Sherman's March to the Sea, '64, battle of Five Forks, surrender of Lee, Johnson and Kirby Smith and end of war '65, impeachment and acquittal of President Johnson '68, Filteenth Amendment 70, great fire in Chicago '71, Modoc war '73, Custer massacre and Centennial Exposition '76, great railroad riots '77, resumption of specie pay- ment '79, treaty with China '81, general strike of telegraph operators '83, World's Exposition New Orleans '84-5, great flood of the Ohio Feb. '84, earthquake at Charleston, '86, great railroad disaster at Chatsworth, Illinois, over 100 persons killed 'S7. Ex-Senator Conklin died '88 Johnstown flood-4,000 drowned in one hour-'89. Home- stead Strike,July '92. Cleveland re elected'92. World's Columbian Exhibition at Chicago '93 cost $35,000,000. Hawaii Provision Govern- ment '93. Free school books in Pa., fall of '93.
187
VALUABLE INFORMATION
CANADA, OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBOR.
The government of Canada is subject to the Brit- tish crown but is semi-independent, its history dat- ing back to the sixteenth century. Jacques Cartier; a French sea captain planted his standard on the shores of New Brunswick in 1534 and claimed it for France. Later he discovered the river St. Law- rence. General Wolfe's forces captured Quebec in 1759 and the entire country was claimed for the British. During the Revolutionary struggle for in- dependence the Canadian settlements remained true to the king and after and during the war many tor- ies fled from the colonies to Upper Canada, now called Ontario, while the eastern province is known as Quebec, or Lower Canada.
Canada proper covers 375,000 square miles and has a population of about 3,750,000 inhabitants while the remainder of the Brittish Possessions in North America covers an area ten times as great and has only about one-third as many inhabitants. In 1825 Ontario had a population of 158,027; '52, 952,004 and in '86 about two millions. The Canadian Pacific railroad now more than half completed, will open to settlement an immense tract of country and be the fourth iron highway across the continent. The Central Pacific completed in 1868 having made the first through connection from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean. Canada proper is the most fertile and salubrious in the British American territory; even the frigid regions of the Northwest Territory and Manitoba are gaining in population. Winnepeg the capital city of the latter country is rapidly rising to prominence. The summer seasons although short are warm and the growth of vegetation marvelous.
MEXICO, OUR SOUTHERN BORDER.
The history of Mexico up to the time of its con- quest by Cortez is almost unknown. When DeCor- dova discovered the country in 1517 he found the Aztecs Nation in possession of the land. These people were far in advance of the aboriginals who occupied the territory now belonging to the U S. They had a monarchial government, cities and agri- cultural lands, were versed in astronomy and the working of metals, pottery, etc., yet had nothing but tradition as to their ancestry or origin. Some writers consider them of the highest type of Indian civilization while others believe them to have de- seended from a different source. Their habits and manners make it reasonable to infer that they were contemporaries with, and perhaps the same race as the Moundbuilders of the Ohio Valley, whose tumuli still remain as mouuments to their skill and devotion. Montezuma was monarch of tbe Aztecs when the country was taken by Fernando Cortez 1519-21 and thenceforth for nearly 300 years Mexico was under Spanish rule. The revolution of 1810 by the natives was a most bloody scene and resulted in the destruction of thousands of lives. Don Augus- tin Iturbide a native Mexican Spaniard ten years later led a successful revolt and the Independence of Mexico was established in 1821. Since then the government has had numerous changes but is at present essentially like the U. S. in form.
Mexico covers an area of 741,589 square miles and has a population of about ten millions of inhabit- ants. Its table lands are salubrious and fertile and with two through railroad lines from Texas, this easy going republic will doubtless fall into the rapid march of enterprise and refinement.
CUBA, OUR ISLAND NEIGHBOR,
The greatest of Spain's colonial possesions was discovered by Columbus in 1492, and in 1511 Velas- quez conquered the natives. Havana was founded 1519. Cuba has been more prosperous since the ad- vent of Las Cassas as governor-general in 1790 but has had numerous bickerings and revolts. A seri- ous revolt occurred in 1868, which caused the sacri- fice of 56,000 Cuban soldiers and cost the Spanish
government more than twenty millions of dollars to quell. It is still tributary to Spain but groans under the yoke and longs for annexation to the U. S., from which it is separated by less than 100 miles of ocean.
The limit of these pages will not permit of giving detailed facts regarding Central and South America; but our relations with the mother country are so intimate that we shall appropriate some space to her consideration next.
GREAT BRITIAN, OUR MOTHER COUNTRY.
The history of Great Britian properly commences with the conquests of Cæsar B C 55. The Roman rule lasted till 420 A D. The Scots, Hunns, Danes and other tribes ravaged the country and internal dissensions continued until the establishment of the Norman line A D 1066. The first parliament was con- vened in 1265 and thirty years later a session of commons was added, these being a concession wrung from the Kings by the Barons. King Charles at- tempted to dispense with parliament, but was over- thrown by Oliver Cromwell in 1645. The Habeas Corpus Act was passed in 1679 on the return of the Stuarts to the throne. The government is a constitu- tional monarchy, the executive power being vested in the sovereign and the legislative in parliment. The area of Great Britian including Ircland covers 121,571 square miles and has about 36,000,000 peo- ple. The entire British Possession covers an area of 7,788,347 square miles and having a popula- tion of over 300,000,000 of inhabitants, or about one- fourth of humanity. Other European countries de- serve a separate mention but we must refer the read- er to more exhaustive history.
EIGHTEEN DECISIVE BATTLES In the World's History.
*Marathon by Miltaocles B C 490, Athenians-F'er- sians.
Syracuse by Glippus BC 414, Syracusans- Spartans. Arbela by Alexander B C 331, Greeks-Persians. Metaurus by Nero, B C 207, Romans-Carthagin- ians.
Winfeldlippe by Arminius A D 9, Germans- Romans.
Chalons by Aetius, 451, Romans, etc-Hunns.
Tours by Charles Martel, 732, Franks-Saracens.
Hastings by William, 1066, Normans-Anglo- Saxons.
Orleans by Joan of Arc, 1429, French- English. Armada by Effingham, 1588, English and Dutch- Spaniards.
Blenhein by Marlborough, 1704, English and Aust. -French and Bavarians.
Valmy by Kellerman, 1792, France-Allied Power. Pultowa hy Peter Great 1709, Russia-Sweeden.
Saratoga by Gates, 1777, Americans-English.
Waterloo by Wellington and Blucher 1815, English and Prussian-French.
Sedan '70, Prussians-French.
Sebastopol '54-5, Eng, French, Turks-Russia. Gettysburg by Meade, '63, Union-Confederacy.
-* Names of places appear first, prominent gener-
al next, date, victorious army, defeated forces last.
Population and Debt of Cities of the United
States.
Name of Place. Population Debt
Census 1880.
1880.
person.
Akron Ohio 16,511
$ 17,619
$ 1 06
Albany New York .... 90,003
3,138,500
34 52
Alleghany Pennsyl'na 78,681
1,596,429
20 29
Allentown do
18,063 430,443
23 83
Alexandria Virginia ... 13,658
1,037,088
75 92
Altoona PennnsyIvana 19,716
368,830
18 70
Atchison Kansas,
15,106
449,637
29 76
Atlanta Georgia ......... 34,398
2,180,000
63 38
Auburn New York 22,924
530,000
12 32
Augusta Georgia ......... 23,023
1,961,319
18 58
For each
188
ERIE COUNTY HISTORY.
Austin, Texas ..
10,960
106,744
9 74 81 55
1869-Grant.
Colfax. . . 2,489,002,480 58
1873-Grant. . Wilson . 2, 147,818,713 57
1877-Hayes. Wheeler . 2,060,158,223 26
17 29 1881-Garfield Arthur . 1,840,598,811 82
1882-Arthur. Davis .1,688,914,460 90 1886-Cleveland. .... Hendricks ... . 1,417,156,862 70
Brief Biography of Fresidents.
Georgo Washington, born Va., 1732; died '99, Aid- de-camp to Braddock, Indian campaign '55, chosen to Colonial Congress '74, Commander-in-chief '75 President '89-97.
John Adams, born Mass. 1735, died 1826, Ist vice- president and 2d president U.S., defeated by Jeffer- son in 1800, one of the founders of the Republic.
Thomas Jefferson, of Va., 1743, died 1826, in Col- onial Congress 1775, drafted Declaration Indepen- dence '76, governor of Va. 79, minister at Paris '85, Sec. of State '89, vice-president '96, president 1801-9.
James Madison of Va., born 1751, died 1836,one of the founders of the Federal party, elected Congress '89, Sec. of State 1870, president 1809-17.
James Monroe, of Va., 1758, 1831, elected to Con- gress 1783, governor of Va. 1799, Envoy to France 1802, Sec. of State '11, president '17-'25.
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